Abstract: A semiconductor apparatus includes: a semiconductor chip, wherein a conductive layer is formed at one side of the semiconductor chip and one or more of probe pads are formed at the other side thereof; a plurality of through-silicon vias (TSVs), wherein one side of each of the plurality of TSVs is coupled to the conductive layer and the other side of one or more of the plurality of TSVs is coupled to the probe pad; a plurality of latch units each configured to be assigned to the plurality of corresponding TSVs and store a test signal, wherein the test signal is inputted via the probe pad and is transferred via the plurality of corresponding TSVs to the plurality of assigned latch units, respectively; and a signal combination unit configured to combine a plurality of signals stored in the plurality of latch units to output the result as an error detection signal.

Abstract: A method forms an ultimate or final image of a sample by selecting some of a plurality of image frames and integrating the selected frames. The method includes providing a semiconductor device including a region of interest and a peripheral region; obtaining a plurality of image frames each including a region of interest image and a peripheral region image respectively corresponding to the region of interest and the peripheral region; selecting at least some of the plurality of image frames based on a contrast between the region of interest image and the peripheral region image; and obtaining an image of the semiconductor device by integrating the selected image frames.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory apparatus includes a first pad group located along a first edge of a plurality of banks, a second pad group located along a second edge of the plurality of banks opposite the first pad group, and a pad control section configured to provide first and second bonding signals and to implement control operation in response to a test mode signal and a bonding option signal to selectively employ signals from the first and second pad groups.

Abstract: Disclosed are a syringe-shaped culture tube which has a wide surface area and is changeable by a user to a desired size, and a cell culture apparatus in which a plurality of the culture tubes are mounted. The cell culture apparatus allows a culture medium to constantly and smoothly contact the entire inner circumference of the culture tube and rotate by a rotation unit at a preset speed when the culture tube is filled with the culture medium. Thus, the cell culture apparatus can promote stirring and gas supply and increase the gas exchange rate. Also, it can reduce consumption of the culture medium.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory apparatus includes a first pad group located along a first edge of a plurality of banks, a second pad group located along a second edge of the plurality of banks opposite the first pad group, and a pad control section configured to provide first and second bonding signals and to implement control operation in response to a test mode signal and a bonding option signal to selectively employ signals from the first and second pad groups.

Abstract: A semiconductor package has an insulative layer having at least one channel formed on a first surface thereof. A conductive pattern conforming to the at least one channel and exposed to a bottom surface of the semiconductor package is formed. A semiconductor die is electrically connected to the conductive patterns. An encapsulant is used to at least partially filling the at least one channel.

Abstract: A device for controlling a voltage of a semiconductor integrated circuit includes a voltage selecting unit that generates a voltage selecting signal for selecting a voltage to be controlled among a plurality of voltages by using a first control signal, a control step selecting unit that generates a control step selection signal for selecting a control step of the voltage to be controlled by using a second control signal, and a voltage controlling unit that controls a level of the voltage to be controlled among the plurality of voltages in response to the control step selection signal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for performing a security function in a medium access control (MAC) layer in a wireless portable Internet system and an authentication method thereof. In the wireless portable Internet system including a physical layer and the MAC layer, a security sublayer (i.e., the device for performing the security function in the MAC layer) is provided on an MAC common part sublayer. The security sublayer includes a privacy key management (PKM) control management module, a traffic data encryption/authentication module, a control message processing module, a message authentication module, a Rivest Shamir Adleman (RSA)-based authentication module, an authentication control/security association (SA) control module, and an extensible authentication protocol (EAP) encapsulation/decapsulation module.

Abstract: A device for controlling a voltage of a semiconductor integrated circuit includes a voltage selecting unit that generates a voltage selecting signal for selecting a voltage to be controlled among a plurality of voltages by using a first control signal, a control step selecting unit that generates a control step selection signal for selecting a control step of the voltage to be controlled by using a second control signal, and a voltage controlling unit that controls a level of the voltage to be controlled among the plurality of voltages in response to the control step selection signal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a subscriber station security-related parameter negotiation method in a wireless portable Internet system. The subscriber station security-related parameter negotiation method includes security-related parameters in transmitting/receiving basic capability negotiation request messages and basic capability negotiation response messages such that the subscriber station and the base station negotiate the subscriber station security-related parameters. The security-related parameters include an authorization policy support subfield used to negotiate an authorization policy between the subscriber station and the base station, and message authentication code mode subfields used to negotiate a message authentication code mode.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an herbal sauce for food prepared by providing an initial mixture of Polygoni Multiflori Radix, Acanthopanacis Cortex, Angelicae Gigantis Radix, Zingiberis Rhizoma, Cinnamomi Cortex Spissus, Glycyrrhizae Radix and Cnidii Rhizoma, soaking the initial mixture in water, heating the initial mixture with the water, filtering the liquified mixture and adding a small amount of garlic powder to the aqueous extract. The present invention also relates to a process for preparing the herbal sauce for food and various products containing the same. The herbal sauce for food of the present invention has a distinctive flavor and aroma obtained by the specific combination of Oriental herbs. The herbal sauce for food of the present invention can be used for various foods and for various applications.