Abstract: For adjusting a positional relationship between a specimen and a probe to measure an electric characteristic of the specimen through a contact therebetween, a base table holding a specimen table holding the specimen and a probe holder holding the probe is positioned at a first position to measure the positional relationship between the probe and the specimen at the first position, and subsequently positioned at a second position to measure the positional relationship therebetween at the second position so that the probe and the specimen are contact each other at the second position, the specimen table and the probe holder are movable with respect to each other on the base table at each of the first and second positions to adjust the positional relationship between the probe and the specimen, and a measuring accuracy at the second position is superior to a measuring accuracy at the first position.

Abstract: A probe navigation method, a navigation device, and a defect inspection device wherein in a charged particle beam system provided with probes for electrical characteristics evaluation, probing can be easily carried out regardless of the equipment user's level of skill are provided. To attain this object, probes and a test piece stage on which a test piece is placed are driven by independent driving means. Further, a large stage driving means which integrally drives the probes and the test piece stage is provided. In addition, CAD navigation is adopted. This enhances the equipment users' convenience during probing.

Abstract: In a recording control apparatus and method, in recording areas on an optical disk, consecutive empty areas for an ALLOCATION_UNIT are reserved as reserved areas. Multiplexed data in units of packets which can be recorded in the reserved areas is recorded in the reserved areas. A remaining part of the reserved areas in which the multiplexed data in units of packets is not recorded is freed as empty areas. Subsequently, multiplexed data is similarly recorded.

Abstract: Video data recorded on a non-linearly accessible information recording medium is searched in the same manner as the operation of a VTR. In high-speed playback at 8-x speed, a screen is horizontally divided into 8. Eight different frames of low resolution data are partially displayed in respective areas obtained by the division. If normal playback is directed by a user in this state, a reproduction speed is gradually decelerated at a constant deceleration, corresponding to acceleration, to 7-x, 6-x, 5-x, 4-x, 3-x, double and single speeds. Meanwhile, for example, when the reproduction speed is decelerated to 5-x speed, the screen is horizontally divided into 5. Five different frames of the low resolution data are partially displayed in the respective areas obtained by the division. The present invention is applicable to a disc player.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a recording apparatus, a recording method, a salvage apparatus, a salvage method, and a program for reading data from a recording medium that has failed to normally end a recording process. Recorded in each of salvage markers SA1, SA2, and SA3 are a recognition pattern for recognizing a salvage marker, and identification information for identifying files to which audio data “Audio”, and video data “Video” belong. If the recording process fails to end in a normal state, the salvage markers SA1, SA2, and SA3 are detected from the recognition pattern contained in the salvage markers SA1, SA2, and SA3, and the file having the audio data and the video data belonging thereto is identified by the file identification information. The present invention is applicable to a video processing apparatus.

Abstract: The athlete's foot had a concept of that which cannot be healed up very easily. It is because that the medical treatment method is not suitable. I have invented the immersing medical treatment method by the time unit with the retail medicine from the manufacture companies and rubbing alcohol to permeate into dermis.

Abstract: A minimum buffer data amount and a minimum reproduction delay time are found from a line approximation graphic form approximating a media read line and used as a basis for determining whether or not data can be reproduced in a real-time manner from a recording medium at a requested reproduction rate. The media read line is a line expressing the change in cumulative amount of data read out from the recording medium. The minimum buffer data amount is the minimum of the amount of data stored in a buffer as data required in reproduction of the data in a real-time manner at the requested reproduction rate. The minimum reproduction delay time is the minimum of a reproduction delay time from the start of an operation to read out the data from the recording medium to the start of an operation to reproduce the data.

Abstract: A real-time reproduction determination unit determines whether or not AV data recorded in recording areas on an optical disc can be reproduced in a real-time manner. If the AV data recorded on the optical disc cannot be reproduced in a real-time manner, a compile simulation unit and a compile execution unit respectively select extents from the AV data recorded on the optical disc and relocate the extents to a relocation area.

Abstract: There is disclosed a pressure regulating valve which effectively reduces a noise of a fuel pressure regulating valve without relation to a flow amount of a fuel. In this valve, a flow collision preventing member (35) is fitted to an upper end opening portion of a bush (26), and an upper portion of the flow collision preventing member (35) is protruded to a side of a valve body (33) rather than a valve seat (28) (an upper end surface of the bush (26)). A plurality of flow passages (36) for flowing the fuel in an axial direction thereof (in a downward direction) along an inner peripheral surface of the bush (26) are formed in an outer peripheral portion of the flow collision preventing member (35) with a uniform interval. A runoff recess portion (37) running off a protruding portion of the flow collision preventing member (35) is formed in the valve body (33) positioned immediately above the valve seat (28).

Abstract: An information processing apparatus includes a file-time-code (FTC) sort unit and a logical block number (LBN) scheduling unit. The FTC unit sorts data items recorded on an optical disk based on the playback times of the pieces of data. The LBN scheduling unit sorts the data items recorded by the FTC sort unit based on the recording positions of the data items on the optical disk. The LBN scheduling unit also uses the sorting result as the result of scheduling the order of reading the data items from the optical disk.

Abstract: The rewriting counts in respective areas of a rewritable medium are uniformized. If empty areas are present on the rewritable medium rearward of a recording start position in terms of addresses, then data is recorded in those empty areas. When no empty areas become available rearward of the recording start position, data is then recorded in empty areas forward of the recording start position. The numbers of times that data is recorded in recording areas of the recording medium are thus averaged.

Abstract: A conversion apparatus and method is disclosed by which a file including data multiplexed therein can be edited or handled readily while maintaining the compatibility. A standard/independent conversion section converts a file of a standard AV multiplex format wherein video data and audio data are placed in a multiplexed state in a body into a file of an AV independent format wherein video data or audio data are placed collectively in a body. Meanwhile, an independent/standard conversion section converts a file of the AV independent formation into a file of the standard AV multiplex format.

Abstract: A recording control apparatus and method record audio data in an arbitrary integer number of sectors which is one or greater. Video data is recorded in an arbitrary integer number of consecutive sectors following the sectors for the audio data. For example, audio data is recorded in sector #1, video data is recorded in subsequent sectors #2, #3, #4, and #5, and audio data is recorded in subsequent sectors #6 and #7. The audio data and the video data are recorded on an optical disk in annual-ring form. The present invention can be applied to, a disk drive for driving an optical disk.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for visualizing an elastic wave propagation in a solid substance can be applied to a subject substance which is any one of a transparent body and an opaque body, and can detect SV waves (transverse waves) and SH waves (transverse waves) in elastic wave motion modes, and longitudinal waves, surface waves, and creeping waves. The visualization method comprises the steps of: generating elastic waves in a solid substance in response to electric signals; measuring a quantity of stress change in the solid substance in connection with elastic waves propagation in the solid substance; synchronizing a transmission timing of the electric signals with a measurement timing of the stress change; carrying out measurement while scanning a sensor; and imaging wave fronts of the elastic waves propagated in the solid substance by synchronously indicating the stress change as a function of time.

Abstract: There is disclosed a pressure regulating valve which effectively reduces a noise of a fuel pressure regulating valve without relation to a flow amount of a fuel. In this valve, a flow collision preventing member (35) is fitted to an upper end opening portion of a bush (26), and an upper portion of the flow collision preventing member (35) is protruded to a side of a valve body (33) rather than a valve seat (28) (an upper end surface of the bush (26)). A plurality of flow passages (36) for flowing the fuel in an axial direction thereof (in a downward direction) along an inner peripheral surface of the bush (26) are formed in an outer peripheral portion of the flow collision preventing member (35) with a uniform interval. A runoff recess portion (37) running off a protruding portion of the flow collision preventing member (35) is formed in the valve body (33) positioned immediately above the valve seat (28).

Abstract: Provided are processes of producing a cyclopropanecarboxylate compound of Formula (I): The processes comprise reacting a cyclopropanecarbaldehyde compound of Formula (II): with a dicarboxylate compound of Formula (III): in the presence of at least one secondary amine from among piperidine, morpholine, pyrrolidine, diethylamine or N-methylethanolamine.

Abstract: Carboxylic acids of formula (1): wherein R2 and R3 are independently hydrogen or C1-C3 alkyl, and Q is optionally substituted phenyl, can be easily converted by ring closing into pyridazin-3-one derivatives of formula (7): The carboxylic acids of formula (1) can be produced by reacting hydrazone compounds of formula (5): wherein R3 and Q are as defined above, with malonic acid derivatives of formula (6): R2CH(COOH)2 wherein R2 is as defined above, in the presence of a base.

Abstract: At the start of editing, video clip icons of a temporally continuous video material are displayed in a window 31. When an icon 31-m is selected, a window 32 is opened in which icons of images are displayed at intervals of 15 seconds starting from the first frame of the selected video clip. When an icon 32-n is selected, a window 33 is opened in which icons of images at intervals of 15 frames are displayed in two equal portions before and after the icon 32-n for the display duration of each icon in the window 32. When an icon 33-q is selected, a window 34 is opened in which icons of continuous frame images are displayed in two equal portions before and after the icon 33-q for the display duration of each icon in the window 33. Because icons are displayed in a hierarchical manner, simply selecting appropriate icons successively allows the user to reach desired scenes in a rapid and an easy manner.

Abstract: Carboxylic acid ester derivatives of formula (1): wherein R is C1-C6 alkyl, R2 and R3 are independently hydrogen or C1-C3 alkyl, and Q is optionally substituted phenyl, can be easily converted by ring closing into pyridazin-3-one derivatives of formula (7): The carboxylic acids of formula (1) can be produced by reacting hydrazone compounds of formula (5): wherein R3 and Q are as defined above, with malonic acid monoester derivatives of formula (6): wherein R and R2 are as defined above, in the presence of a base.

Abstract: Carboxylic acids of formula (1): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are independently hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkyl, and Q is optionally substituted phenyl, can be easily converted by ring closing into pyridazin-3-one derivatives of formula (7): ##STR2## The carboxylic acids of formula (1) can be produced by reacting hydrazone compounds of formula (5): ##STR3## wherein R.sup.3 and Q are as defined above, with malonic acid derivatives of formula (6):R.sup.2 CH(COOH).sub.2wherein R.sup.2 is as defined above in the presence of a base.