Abstract: A probe navigation method, a navigation device, and a defect inspection device wherein in a charged particle beam system provided with probes for electrical characteristics evaluation, probing can be easily carried out regardless of the equipment user's level of skill are provided. To attain this object, probes and a test piece stage on which a test piece is placed are driven by independent driving means. Further, a large stage driving means which integrally drives the probes and the test piece stage is provided. In addition, CAD navigation is adopted. This enhances the equipment users' convenience during probing.

Abstract: A probe navigation method, a navigation device, and a defect inspection device wherein in a charged particle beam system provided with probes for electrical characteristics evaluation, probing can be easily carried out regardless of the equipment user's level of skill are provided. To attain this object, probes and a test piece stage on which a test piece is placed are driven by independent driving means. Further, a large stage driving means which integrally drives the probes and the test piece stage is provided. In addition, CAD navigation is adopted. This enhances the equipment users' convenience during probing.

Abstract: The present invention allows a postrecording process to be executed even if a bit rate of data recorded on or data for recording onto a recording medium is higher than a bit rate for reading out from or recording onto the recording medium. At step S363, a control section causes low-res data, which are a data series of sound and picture having the same contents as an audio file of a designated channel, to be read out from an optical disk. At step S367, the control section causes acquired audio data to be recorded to the audio file of the designated channel on the optical disk 7. The present invention is applicable to a disk apparatus for recording audio data and video data onto the optical disk.

Abstract: An electrode for electric discharge surface treatment is a green compact formed by molding a metal powder, a metal compound powder, or a ceramic powder, and is used for electric discharge surface treatment in which an electric discharge is generated between the electrode and a work in dielectric fluid or air to form by the electric discharge energy on a surface of the work a coat of a material of the electrode or of a substance resulting from reaction of the material due to the electric discharge energy. The material of the electrode includes a material not desired to be carbonized and a material desired to be melted, and a particle diameter of the material not desired to be carbonized is larger than a particle diameter of the material desired to be melted.

Abstract: A discharge surface-treatment method includes generating a pulse-like discharge by using a green compact of metal powder, a metal compound powder, or a ceramic powder as an electrode and applying a voltage equal to or greater than 500 volts between the electrode and a workpiece in a gas atmosphere; and forming a coating consisting of an electrode material or a substance resulting from a reaction of the electrode material to the energy of the pulse-like discharge on a surface of the workpiece with an energy of the pulse-like discharge.

Abstract: A method of evaluating an electrode for discharge surface treatment for generating a discharge between the electrode and a workpiece in a treatment liquid or in the air using a green compact obtained by molding a metal, metal compound, or ceramic powder or other green compact obtained by heating the green compact as the electrode, and forming a coat consisting of an electrode material or a substance obtained by a reaction of the electrode material by a discharge energy on a surface of the workpiece, includes evaluating a capability of the electrode to deposit the coat based on an amount of deposition of the electrode material on the surface of the workpiece by a single discharge.

Abstract: An electrode for an electrical-discharge surface-treatment method is molded with a metallic powder or a metallic compound powder having an average grain diameter of 6 micrometers to 10 micrometers. A coat on a surface of a workpiece is formed with a material constituting the electrode or a substance that is generated by a reaction of the material due to a pulse-like electrical discharge. The coat is built up with a material containing metal as a main constituent under conditions of a width of a current pulse for the pulse-like electrical discharge in a range of 50 microseconds to 500 microseconds and a peak of the current pulse equal to or less than 30 amperes.

Abstract: An electrode for electric discharge surface treatment, in which a pulse-like electric discharge is caused between the electrode and a work in a dielectric fluid or an atmosphere, and in which a coat of an electrode material or a substance that is generated by a reaction of the electrode material due to an electric discharge energy is formed on a surface of the work, is a molded powder that is formed by molding a material powder including a metallic powder, a metallic compound powder, and a conductive ceramic powder. A powder solid that is formed as a result of coagulation of the material powder, and that is included in the molded powder has a diameter shorter than a distance between the electrode and the work.

Abstract: This load cell attachment structure includes a male screw which is formed on a load sensing part of the load cell, a nut which attaches the load cell to the attachment plate by engaging with the male screw, and a wave washer which is disposed between the attachment plate and the nut.

Abstract: A playback apparatus plays back data from a recording medium having recorded thereon a file system representing association between identification information for identifying a file and a position where the file is recorded, pieces of segment data constituting the file, and markers for the respective pieces of segment data, each marker that is recorded after a key marker specified in certain cases including location information of the key marker. The playback apparatus includes a detector that detects a last marker in a recording area where data has been recorded on the recording medium but has not been reflected on the file system, and a restoration processor that executes a restoration process of reflecting on the file system segment data that has been recorded on the recording medium but has not been reflected on the file system, based on the location information of the key marker and the location information of segment data.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to improve convenience of a recording medium and improve efficiency of a reading and a writing process. Audio annual ring data, video annual ring data, low-resolution annual ring data, and meta annual ring data extracted from data series of metadata, an audio file, a video file, and low resolution data are written to a free space on an optical disk in order of a body, a footer, and a header in order to improve the convenience of the recording medium by enabling a quick edit process, for example, and improve the efficiency of the reading and writing process by preventing occurrence of an unnecessary writing process. The present invention is applicable to disk apparatus for recording video data or audio data.

Abstract: A data transmission apparatus connecting to a network consisted of a plurality of data transmission apparatuses comprises a disconnecting device that disconnects a connection established between a transmission plug of a transmitting node and a reception plug of a receiving node, both nodes being connected to the network, an optimization requesting device that requests optimization of transmitting sequences to the transmitting node, a receiver that receives information about a transmission plug newly assigned to the transmitting sequence used by the transmitting nodes of which connection has been disconnected by the disconnecting device, the information being received as an answer for the optimization request from the transmitting node, and a connecting device that establishes a new connection between the newly assigned transmission plug and the reception plug of the receiving node of which connection has been disconnected by the disconnecting device.

Abstract: A data accessing and reproducing apparatus and method that permits a user to selected desired video clips and perform editing on the clips such that the time needed to display a thumbnail representation is minimized. In an edit mode, thumbnail pictures are arranged and displayed in the order of which edit results are reproduced. These thumbnails may be, for example, a lower resolution, proxy representation of the audio or video data. When data of thumbnail pictures are read from a disc, the data are read in the order of which they have been recorded. The order of which thumbnail pictures are displayed on the screen is different from the order of which they are arranged on the screen, and thus, the seek time for the disc becomes the shortest. Thus, the thumbnail pictures can be displayed at high speed.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for generating and editing audio and/or video data using thumbnail representations of the data. Thumbnail representations are generated in accordance with clips randomly recorded on a disc, or other storage medium, and edit points are designated for the clips. When thumbnail representations are displayed, the disc is rotated at constant angular velocity (CAV). Video data of the thumbnail representations are read from the disc. When a desired thumbnail representation is selected and designated, the disc drive system is switched from CAV drive mode to constant linear velocity (CLV) drive mode. Video are reproduced from the position of the selected thumbnail representations. Since the thumbnail representations are read in the CAV drive mode that is suitable for randomly accessing the disc, the thumbnail representations can be displayed at high speed.

Abstract: 3-Phenoxy-2-pyridone compound can be produced by making the amide compound of the formula (1): wherein R is optionally substituted phenyl; react with a malonoaldehyde derivative such as 3-alkoxypropenal and the like in the presence of a protonic acid.

Abstract: When a data recording process fails to normally complete on an information recording medium, for example, because of a power interruption, a record controlling apparatus resumes recording immediately when power is turned back on, while protecting data that was recorded prior to the power interruption. The record controlling apparatus acquires, from a file system, a list of files that underwent a simple-salvage process, generates a tentative file name unfound in the list, and then generates a file with that tentative file name having, as the content thereof, data recorded in an area indicated by a new allocation area allocation descriptor contained in backup information in a backup memory. The file system that is updated with the generated file is recorded onto an optical disk as the information recording medium. The backup information is then deleted from the backup memory. The record controlling apparatus finds applications in video cameras, video recorders, etc.

Abstract: For adjusting a positional relationship between a specimen and a probe to measure an electric characteristic of the specimen through a contact therebetween, a base table holding a specimen table holding the specimen and a probe holder holding the probe is positioned at a first position to measure the positional relationship between the probe and the specimen at the first position, and subsequently positioned at a second position to measure the positional relationship therebetween at the second position so that the probe and the specimen are contact each other at the second position, the specimen table and the probe holder are movable with respect to each other on the base table at each of the first and second positions to adjust the positional relationship between the probe and the specimen, and a measuring accuracy at the second position is superior to a measuring accuracy at the first position.

Abstract: A probe navigation method, a navigation device, and a defect inspection device wherein in a charged particle beam system provided with probes for electrical characteristics evaluation, probing can be easily carried out regardless of the equipment user's level of skill are provided. To attain this object, probes and a test piece stage on which a test piece is placed are driven by independent driving means. Further, a large stage driving means which integrally drives the probes and the test piece stage is provided. In addition, CAD navigation is adopted. This enhances the equipment users' convenience during probing.

Abstract: In a recording control apparatus and method, in recording areas on an optical disk, consecutive empty areas for an ALLOCATION_UNIT are reserved as reserved areas. Multiplexed data in units of packets which can be recorded in the reserved areas is recorded in the reserved areas. A remaining part of the reserved areas in which the multiplexed data in units of packets is not recorded is freed as empty areas. Subsequently, multiplexed data is similarly recorded.

Abstract: Video data recorded on a non-linearly accessible information recording medium is searched in the same manner as the operation of a VTR. In high-speed playback at 8-x speed, a screen is horizontally divided into 8. Eight different frames of low resolution data are partially displayed in respective areas obtained by the division. If normal playback is directed by a user in this state, a reproduction speed is gradually decelerated at a constant deceleration, corresponding to acceleration, to 7-x, 6-x, 5-x, 4-x, 3-x, double and single speeds. Meanwhile, for example, when the reproduction speed is decelerated to 5-x speed, the screen is horizontally divided into 5. Five different frames of the low resolution data are partially displayed in the respective areas obtained by the division. The present invention is applicable to a disc player.