Abstract: A liquid crystal lens element is provided, which does not produce change of transmission wavefront regardless of polarization state of incident light when it is off-state at a time of no voltage application, and which exhibits concave lens function for extraordinarily polarized incident light when it is on-state at a time of voltage application.

Abstract: A gun drill in which coolant delivered to a cutting part can be discharged intensively to a cutting chip discharge groove along with the chips, damage on the inner circumference of a drilled hole or fall of machining precision due to clogging with chips can be prevented, and cutting efficiency is enhanced by reducing rotary load and long lifetime can be attained. Coolant supply paths (10, 20) are provided in a tool shank (1) and a cutting head (2), one cutting chip discharge groove (3) is provided in the outer circumferential surface from the proximal side of the tool shank (1) to the distal end of the cutting head (2), discharge ports (22a, 22b) communicating with coolant delivery ports (21a, 21b) and a cutting chip discharge groove (3) are provided in the distal end face (2c) of the cutting head (2), and annular protrusions (4a) are formed in the outer circumferential surface of the cutting head (2) continuously over the entire circumference while bridging over the cutting chip discharge groove (3).

Abstract: The present application relates to a liquid crystal lens element and an optical head device, in particular order, to a liquid crystal lens capable of switching the focal length among a plurality of different focal lengths according to switching of applied voltage among a plurality of applied voltages, and an optical head device employing the liquid crystal lens, for writing and/or reading an information to/from an optical recording medium.

Abstract: A liquid crystal lens element having a lens function capable of stably correcting spherical aberration containing a power component corresponding to focus change of incident light according to the magnitude of applied voltage. The liquid crystal lens element comprises a pair of transparent substrates 11 and 12, one (12) of the transparent electrodes is provided with a transparent electrode 15 and a Fresnel lens surface 17, and the other one (11) of the pair of transparent electrodes is provided with a phase correction surface 18 and a transparent electrode 16. Thus, by disposing a Fresnel lens surface 17 and a liquid crystal layer 13 between a pair of transparent electrodes 15 and 16, it becomes possible to change substantial refractive index distribution of the liquid crystal layer 13 according to the magnitude of applied voltage, and to add a positive or negative power to a wavefront transmitted through the liquid crystal layer 13, the Fresnel lens surface 17 and the phase correction surface 18.

Abstract: A deep hole cutting apparatus has a chip-replaceable guide pad on a cutting head section. With the deep hole cutting apparatus, finish qualities of a cut hole to be formed can be improved and the service life of the guide pad is lengthened. A guide pad (3A) which is slidably brought into contact with the inner circumference of a cutting hole (H) is removably attached with an attaching screw (17b) to a pad attaching recessed section (18) which is formed on the outer circumference of a cutting head section (11). The top portion (P1) of the guide pad (3A) protrudes outward in the diameter direction from a cutting circumference (S) of a cutting blade (outer circumference side cutting blade (2A)).

Abstract: A deep hole cutting apparatus has a chip-replaceable guide pad on a cutting head section. With the deep hole cutting apparatus, high machining accuracy can be obtained in a stable cutting status and the service life of the guide pad is lengthened. A guide pad (7) is formed on a circular surface (71a) whose outer surface forms a top ridge section (7a) along the center portion in the width direction, and the guide pad is diagonally attached to a cutting head section (10a) so that the leading end side of the tool is closer to the front side in a tool rotating direction (y) compared with the rear end side of the tool.

Abstract: A deep hole cutting apparatus has a guide pad brazed to a cutting head section. With the deep hole cutting apparatus, high machining accuracy can be obtained in a stable cutting status and the service life of the guide pad is lengthened. A guide pad (5) brazed to a cutting head section (10a) is diagonally arranged so that the leading end side of the tool is closer to the front side in a tool rotating direction (y) compared with the rear end side of the tool.

Abstract: A machine reamer has a plurality of slender blades erected on the outer peripheral part of a reamer head body. Each blade of a pair of blades facing each other in a radial direction are different in material kind from each other. One of the blades treated as a pair is made of super-hard alloy and the other blade is made of one kind of material selected from the group of sintered ceramic, cermet, and microcrystalline diamond sintered material.

Abstract: The invention provides a drill head for deep hole machining capable of raising circularity and straightness of a hole and improving precision of hole machining. In the drill head for deep hole machining constituted by fixing a cutting blade to a tip surface of a head body and fixing guide pads to a periphery of a tip of the head body, the length Lm of a margin, which is formed at a tip side of a periphery of the cutting blade in a drill rotating direction, in an axis direction is made substantially the same as the length Lp of the guide pads in the axis direction, and a top end and rear end of the margin are substantially aligned with a top end and rear end of the guide pads, respectively, in a circumference direction.

Abstract: In a deep hole drilling machine employing an external system for supplying coolant to a drilling portion in which high drilling efficiency can be achieved even if the drilling hole is deep by enhancing the discharge performance of chips from the drilling portion without setting the supply pressure of coolant at a high level, a tubular boring head having discharging openings is attached to the distal end of a hollow boring bar having an interior serving as the chip discharge passage. Bypass holes are provided at a plurality of circumferential positions in the circumferential wall of the boring head to penetrate obliquely such that the outer opening is located closer to the distal end side of the head than the inner opening, and a part of the coolant supplied externally to the drilling portion side flows through the bypass holes into the boring head, thus generating attraction force to the discharge side and accelerating discharge of the chips.

Abstract: A complex system where a plant group having a heat island phenomenon suppression effect and a solar cell having a carbon dioxide generation suppression effect are installed together. The purposes are to eliminate an adverse influence of both shadows of the plant group and the solar cell and to prevent the solar cell system from flying away by the wind pressure against the base side. The average height of the solar cell module is greater than that of the plant group. The plant group and the solar cell module are installed with a gap larger than the distance corresponding to the height difference between them. At least between the paired plant group and solar cell which face each other, an area for a person to walk through is provided. More than half of the ventilation area of the base side is covered with the plant group, a heat insulating material, and a moisture-retaining material.

Abstract: A phase plate having a reduced size and a reduced weight and having accurately parted regions while it has the same function as a conventional two-parted optical rotation plate and an optical data recording/reproducing device capable of stably recording and reproducing are presented. A phase plate P1 comprising a polymer liquid crystal film 2 held between transparent substrates i, 4, wherein the polymer liquid crystal film 2 is parted spatially in the region into which an incident light enters, so that the light transmitting the phase plate assumes a different state of polarization depending on an aligning direction of the molecules of the polymer liquid crystal film 2. The phase plate is located as a two-parted optical rotation plate in an optical data recording/reproducing device.

Abstract: A gun drill having excellent cutting efficiency, having high deep-hole drilling efficiency, and having a prolonged blade service life has a cutter head having a coolant discharge port communicating with a coolant supplying path at the distal end face at the distal end of a hollow shank portion having a cutting chip discharge groove, whose section along the lengthwise direction is V-shaped, on the outer surface and having the interior thereof made into a coolant supplying path, wherein a blade portion of the cutter head is made of cemented carbide alloy, and at the same time, the guide pads that are brought into sliding contact with the inner circumference of a cutting bore are composed of a dissimilar material having higher hardness than the cemented carbide alloy.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for reliable, easy, and low cost manufacturing of a drill head of such a kind that a cutting blade tip is brazed to a cutting blade mounting seat of a head body, with high dimensional accuracy and blade edge accuracy. In the manufacturing of a drill head 10 used with a screw shank 2 coupled in threading relation with a distal end portion of a tool shank 5 of a deep-hole cutting drill and with bounded circumferential face portions 22 and 23 at both sides which sandwich a male thread 21 portion adhered closely to a circumferential face of the tool shank 5, a screw shank cylindrical member 20A with a cutting stock 7 left at least on the bounded circumferential face portions 22 and 23 is welded and integrated with a rear end of a head body 1 for which cutting blade tips 30a to 30c have been brazed, thereafter cutting the cutting stock 7 of the screw shank cylindrical member 20A so as to be finished into the screw shank 2.

Abstract: The present invention provides a means capable of preventing generation of a spiral mark on an inner circumferential face of a through-hole and obtaining a superior appearance and high working accuracy when the hole is formed on a work material by a drill head provided with a brazed-type cutting blade. In forming a through-hole H on a work material W by a drill head 1A with cutting blades 3A to 3C brazed to cutting blade mounting seats 13a to 13c, a drill head provided with roundness R on a blade edge outer end portion 31a of a cutting blade 3A responsible for cutting of the outermost periphery is used as the drill head 1A.

Abstract: A method of charging for use of a facsimile apparatus, using an information processing unit provided therein, is disclosed that includes the steps of (a) the information processing unit obtaining the amount of facsimile transmission; (b) the information processing unit obtaining a transmission condition specified by a user; and (c) the information processing unit calculating a charge for the facsimile transmission using the amount of facsimile transmission and a charge corresponding to the transmission condition. The information processing unit stores data on the charge corresponding to the transmission condition for the facsimile transmission.

Abstract: In a method of laying tiles and a solar cell module on a roof, at least one waterproof member is laid between the solar cell module and one tile laid adjacent in the direction of gradient of the roof.

Abstract: A solar battery module capable of assuring the fluid-tight structure of the roof panels adjacent to each other in lateral direction, realizing a weathering between the modules, eliminating a process for providing a seal member between the ends of the modules adjacent to each other, and facilitating an assembly operation, wherein a recessed part extending from the ridge side to the eaves side of the solar battery module is formed at lateral one end thereof, a projected part in the shape of coming into the recessed part is formed at the other end, and a waterproof means for suppressing the rain water invaded onto the upper surface of the projected part from circulating to the lower surface thereof is installed on the projected part in the state of being inserted into the corresponding recessed part of the solar battery module disposed adjacently to the side.

Abstract: A liquid crystal lens element having a lens function is provided, which is small sized without having moving part, and which can stably carry out correction of spherical aberration containing a power component corresponding to focal point change of incident light.

Abstract: A solar battery module capable of assuring the fluid-tight structure of the roof panels adjacent to each other in lateral direction, realizing a weathering between the modules, eliminating a process for providing a seal member between the ends of the modules adjacent to each other, and facilitating an assembly operation, wherein a recessed part extending from the ridge side to the eaves side of the solar battery module is formed at lateral one end thereof, a projected part in the shape of coming into the recessed part is formed at the other end, and a waterproof means for suppressing the rain water invaded onto the upper surface of the projected part from circulating to the lower surface thereof is installed on the projected part in the state of being inserted into the corresponding recessed part of the solar battery module disposed adjacently to the side.