Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for recording data in an optical recording medium which can record data in a write-once type optical recording medium at a high linear recording velocity using a laser beam whose recording power is set low.

Abstract: An information readout method for an optical information medium comprising an information recording layer having pits or recorded marks representative of information data involves the step of irradiating a laser beam to the information recording layer through an objective lens for providing readings of the pits or recorded marks. When the laser beam has a wavelength ? of 400 to 410 nm, the objective lens has a numerical aperture NA of 0.70 to 0.85, and the pits or recorded marks have a minimum size PL of up to 0.36?/NA, readout is carried out at a power Pr of at least 0.4 mW for the laser beam. When the laser beam has a wavelength ? of 630 to 670 nm, the objective lens has a numerical aperture NA of 0.60 to 0.65, and the pits or recorded marks have a minimum size PL of up to 0.36?/NA, readout is carried out at a power Pr of at least 1.0 mW for the laser beam. Pits or recorded marks of a size approximate to the resolution limit determined by diffraction can be read out at a high C/N.

Abstract: An optical reading method which suppresses variations in the reading quality of a low-reflection optical recording medium. The optical reading method is to read information from an optical recording medium by irradiating the medium with read laser light having a wavelength ? of 400 to 410 nm. In this method, an information recording layer of the optical recording medium is irradiated with the read laser light with an average read power Pra in excess of 1.2 mW if the information recording layer has a reflectance of 4% or less.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for recording data in an optical recording medium which can record data in a write-once type optical recording medium at a high linear recording velocity using a laser beam having a low recording power.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a hyaluronic acid-methotrexate conjugate useful as a therapeutic drug for joint disorders. There is provided a hyaluronic acid-methotrexate conjugate useful for the treatment of joint disorders, wherein methotrexate is conjugated with a hydroxy group of hyaluronic acid through a linker containing a peptide chain consisting of 1 to 8 amino acids, and the linker is conjugated with the hyaluronic acid through a carbamate group.

Abstract: To provide a GLP-1 analogue long-acting prophylactic or therapeutic agent for diabetes, diabetic complications and/or obesity due to diabetes which provides an extended half-life of a GLP-1 analogue in the blood to prevent frequent administration, and is biodegradable and safe. The present invention provides a conjugate obtained by binding, to a GLP-1 analogue into which a mercapto group is incorporated, water soluble hyaluronic acid modification product obtained by incorporating a substituent via an amide bond to the carboxyl group of glucuronic acid portion of hyaluronic acid as a derivative thereof, using a specific condensing agent in an aprotic polar solvent; and a prophylactic or therapeutic agent having a durable blood glucose lowering effect for diabetes, diabetic complications or obesity.

Abstract: An information readout method for an optical information medium comprising an information recording layer having pits or recorded marks representative of information data involves the step of irradiating a laser beam to the information recording layer through an objective lens for providing readings of the pits or recorded marks. When the laser beam has a wavelength ? of 400 to 410 nm, the objective lens has a numerical aperture NA of 0.70 to 0.85, and the pits or recorded marks have a minimum size PL of up to 0.36?/NA, readout is carried out at a power Pr of at least 0.4 mW for the laser beam. When the laser beam has a wavelength ? of 630 to 670 nm, the objective lens has a numerical aperture NA of 0.60 to 0.65, and the pits or recorded marks have a minimum size PL of up to 0.36?/NA, readout is carried out at a power Pr of at least 1.0 mW for the laser beam. Pits or recorded marks of a size approximate to the resolution limit determined by diffraction can be read out at a high C/N.

Abstract: A testing method capable of quantifying abrasion resistance on the translucent base surface of a high-recording-density optical information medium simply and in a form of reflecting an actual application environment, and judging criteria appropriate for the testing method.

Abstract: An information recording method enables the precise formation of a recording mark on a recording layer having a high light transmittance such as an L1 layer of a double-layered optical recording medium. The information recording method uses the following recording strategy. A laser beam is pulse-modulated so as to create a pulse series including a write pulse of a recording power and a cooling pulse of a base power. Data to be recorded is modulated to have a length of a recording mark along a track of the recording layer. At the same time, the length of the recording mark is made to correspond to an integral multiple nT of T where T is one clock cycle. An nT recording mark corresponding to nT is recorded by using the same number of write pulses and cooling pulses when n is 4 or larger. Moreover, an average width AveTc for a single cooling pulse width Tc is set to satisfy: 1.0<AveTc/T<1.6 and a total pulse width SumTc of the used cooling pulses is set to satisfy: 0.5?SumTc/nT?0.8.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling a video camera recorder or the like, capable of flexibly meeting user demands for image quality, recording time, etc. When recording information on a rewritable optical recording medium, the recording mode for the optical recording medium is selected at least from between write-once and rewritable based on a set recording rate. Before recording, the recording status of the optical recording medium is also determined at least between an unrecorded area and a recorded area.

Abstract: A rewritable phase-change optical recording medium is provided, which includes a substrate, a first information layer, a spacer layer, a second information layer, and a cover layer. The second information layer includes a recording film containing Sb as a main component and V or V and In as second components. When an amorphous mark formed in the recording film is irradiated with a reproduction beam, crystallization of the amorphous mark occurs only in a central portion in the width direction of the amorphous mark. The width direction is orthogonal to the scanning direction of the laser beam. The recording film is formed of a material that exhibits a change in degree of modulation of 5% or less when recorded information is repeatedly reproduced. The change in degree of modulation is a change from when the number of times of reproduction is 100,000 to when it is 400,000.

Abstract: A method whereby a compound having HCV replication inhibitory activity and desired optical activity can be synthesized selectively and at high yield in a small number of steps by using a compound having a specific chiral auxiliary as a starting compound is provided. A compound represented by the formula (1-8): [wherein Y represents a group represented by the following formula: Q represents a protected carbonyl group; D represents —(CH2)m—R?, etc.; and n represents an integer of 0 to 10].

Abstract: An electro-optical device includes a substrate that supports an electro-optical material; a plurality of display dot regions; and a light-shielding film that is provided among the plurality of display dot regions on the substrate and that is formed by laminating a plurality of colored layers. In the electro-optical device, one of the plurality of colored layers is formed such that both ends thereof in a widthwise direction protrude from edges of the other colored layers.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for recording data in an optical recording medium which can form a recording mark having desired length and width in a write-once type optical recording medium. The method for recording data in an optical recording medium according to the present invention is constituted so as to project a laser beam whose power is modulated by a pulse train pattern onto an optical recording medium including a substrate, a first recording layer, a second recording layer and a light transmission layer 16 wherein a recording pulse of the pulse train pattern is divided into (n?1) divided pulses and the power of the laser beam is set to a recording power Pw at the peak of each of the divided pulses, set to a second bottom power Pb2 at a portion immediately after a last divided pulse and set to a first bottom power Pb1 at other intervals where Pb1 is higher than Pb2.

Abstract: An optical recording medium is provided which includes two or more information layers in which an Sb-based eutectic material is used as the material for a recording film of a translucent information layer. There is also provided a recording film material for the optical recording medium. The translucent information layer is configured to include a recording film formed of a phase change material SbxGeyInz containing Sb, Ge, and In in an atomic ratio of x:y:z, where 5?y?15 and 4?z?15 are satisfied. The recording film further includes Te in an atomic ratio of a, provided that x+y+z+a=100 and 4?a?15 are satisfied. An interface layer formed of a ZrO2—Cr2O3 film having a thickness of 2 nm or more and 10 nm or less is provided on the laser beam incident side of the recording film. When the compositional ratio of the ZrO2—Cr2O3 film is given by ZrO2:Cr2O3=B:C (mol %), 20?B?90, 10?C?80, and B+C=100 are satisfied.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide an information recording method for recording information in a data rewritable type optical recording medium having a plurality of information recording layers, which can form recording marks having good shapes. In the information recording method according to the present invention, a plurality of recording marks selected from a group consisting of several types of recording marks with different lengths are formed in an optical recording medium 10 having at least a stacked L0 layer 20 and L1 layer 30 by projecting a laser beam via a light incidence plane. In the case of forming at least one recording mark among the several types of recording marks in L0 layer 20, the recording powers of a top pulse Ttop and a last pulse Tlp of the laser beam are set to Pw0? lower than the recording power Pw0 of a multi-pulse Tmp thereof.

Abstract: A next-generation optical recording medium has two or more information layers which include a translucent information layer. The translucent information layer has a recording film and an interface layer, provided adjacent to the recording film on the side of the light incident surface. The recording film is made of a phase change material having SbxTeyGez elements and elemental ratios. Y satisfies 5?y?15 and z satisfies 5?z?15. When In having an elemental ratio of a is further added and x+y+z+a=100 holds, a satisfies 4?a?15. The interface layer comprises of ZrO2—Cr2O3 film thickness of which is in a range of from 2 nm to 10 nm. When ZrO2:Cr2O3?C:D (mol %), the compositional ratios ZrO2 and Cr2O3 in the ZrO2—Cr2O3 film, holds, the C satisfies 20?C?90, and the D satisfies 10?D?80, and the C and the D satisfy C+D=100. The ZrO2 is stabilized ZrO2 which contains Y2O3, when ZrO2:Y2O3=(100-X):X (mol %), the compositional ratios ZrO2 and Y2O3 in the stabilized ZrO2, holds, the X satisfies 2?X?10.

Abstract: In an evaluation device and an evaluation system, the level of base power is set higher than that in an optimal recording condition at a set room temperature and lower than the level of bias power. In particular, the level of the base power is set so that the jitter value of a recording mark and a blank, which is formed in a required high temperature environment, during reproduction in the high temperature environment becomes minimum. By evaluating the recording characteristic of a recording mark and a blank formed by irradiation of recording laser light in the form of a pulse train, the recording characteristic of an optical recording medium in high-speed recording in high temperature environment is evaluated.

Abstract: A method for recording data in an optical recording disc including a substrate and a recording layer formed on the substrate and containing a phase change material as a primary component is constituted so that data can be recorded therein and data recorded therein can be erased by projecting thereonto at a high linear velocity equal to or higher than a predetermined linear velocity a laser beam whose power is modulated in accordance with a pulse train pattern including a plurality of kinds of unit pulse train patterns each having at least recording pulses whose levels are set to a recording power and bottom pulses whose levels are set to a bottom power onto the recording layer and forming a plurality of recording marks having different lengths in the recording layer, wherein among the plurality of kinds of unit pulse train patterns used for forming recording marks having different lengths those other than the unit pulse train pattern used for forming the shortest recording mark are determined so that they inc

Abstract: A method for recording data in an optical recording medium which can record data in information recording layers other than an information recording layer farthest from a light incidence plane of an optical recording medium including a plurality of information recording layers in a desired manner and reproduce data from information recording layers other than the information recording layer farthest from the light incidence plane in a desired manner.