Abstract: An image forming apparatus is provided. The image forming apparatus includes a main body; process cartridges, each including a photosensitive drum and a developing roller; a body frame including a abutment portions and projecting portions; fixing members configured to rotate to a locked state where the fixing members bring the process cartridges into abutment with the abutment portions and to an unlocked state where the fixing members are spaced apart from the process cartridges; spacing members which move to a spacing position where the developing rollers are spaced apart from the photosensitive rollers and a permissive position where the developing rollers are in contact with the developing rollers; and a translation member reciprocating in a straight line for displacing the fixing members between the locked state and the unlocked state and moving the spacing members between the spacing position and the permissive position.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus is provided. The image forming apparatus includes an apparatus main body; a plurality of image carrying members; a plurality of developing members; a translation member that reciprocates in a straight line in a direction in which the image carrying members are aligned to move the developing members between an engagement position where the developing members are brought into contact with the image carrying members and a disengagement position where the developing members are disengaged from the image carrying members; and a force imparting mechanism, when at least one of the developing members is moved from the disengagement position to the engagement position by a movement of the translation member in a first direction, the force imparting mechanism imparting a force that includes a force component directed to a second direction opposite to the first direction into the translation member.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus comprising: an image forming unit; a main body member; a door member for opening and closing an opening provided in the main body member; a hinge mechanism which joins the door member swingably with respect to the main body member; and a lock mechanism which is provided at a position deviated from the hinge mechanism, wherein the hinge mechanism includes; a first hinge hole and a second hinge hole which are provided in at least one of the door member and the main body member, and are arranged substantially coaxially while being spaced from each other, a hinge shaft inserted across the first hinge hole and the second hinge hole, and a spring unit which presses the hinge shaft against inner peripheral surfaces of the first and second hinge holes, and furthermore, the first hinge hole is smaller in size than the second hinge hole.

Abstract: An endcap for a hypodermic syringe is disclosed. The endcap is comprised of a sheath and a base section. The sheath, having a proximal and distal end, is hollow and resiliently deformable and has a slit extending substantially the length of the sheath. The proximal end of the sheath is open. The base section is attached to and extends radially outwardly from the periphery of the sheath's proximal end. The base section is disposed opposite of the slit and includes two spaced apart outwardly extending leg supports.

Abstract: Mass air flow into an internal combustion engine is measured as a function of throttle opening. The mass air flow rate is expressed as an idle offset constant and the product of gain and effective air intake area which is a function of throttle position. During idle, the idle offset term is updated in response to an exhaust oxygen sensor feedback and during part throttle operation the gain is similarly updated to achieve stoichiometry. For subsonic air flow the mass air flow is further modified as a function of the ratio of manifold pressure to the pressure upstream of the throttle. At the same time the manifold dilution is controlled via an EGR valve to a predetermined schedule.