Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method for the establishment of a service tunnel in a wireless local area network (WLAN). The method includes a service authentication authorization unit making authentication and authorization to a WLAN user terminal currently requesting a service, and judging whether the authentication and authorization is successful. If successful, the method includes generating service authorization information that includes a shared communication key used for communication between the WLAN user terminal and a destination packet data gateway (PDG), and otherwise ending the procedure. The method further includes the service authentication authorization unit sending to the destination PDG the generated service authorization information including the shared communication key, and the destination PDG, according to the shared communication key, establishing a trust relation with the WLAN user terminal through negotiation with the WLAN user terminal.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for a roaming user to establish security association with the application server in the visited network. When receiving the service request from the roaming user, the application server in the visited network establishes security association with the roaming user by making use of the authentication results of the generic authentication architecture in the home network via the BSF in the local network, or the generic authentication architecture proxy in the local network, or the AAA server in the local network and the AAA server in the roaming user's home network, so as to achieve the object that the roaming user is able to use the services of the visited network after authentication of the generic authentication architecture in his home network.

Abstract: A zero-emissions power plant receives natural gas from wells at elevated pressure and temperature. Gas is expanded through one or more turbo-expanders, preferably reformed, and sent to a fuel cell where electricity, heat, carbon-dioxide, and water are generated. The carbon-dioxide is compressed by at least one compressor and piped downhole for sequestration. The turbo-expanders have shafts which preferably share the shafts of the compressors. Thus, energy given up by the natural gas in the turbo-expanders is used to run compressors which compress carbon dioxide for downhole sequestration. In one embodiment, the natural gas is applied to heat exchangers in order to generate a stream of liquid natural gas. The remainder of the gas is expanded through the turbo-expanders and processed in the reformer prior to being sent to the fuel cell. A shifter may be used between the reformer and fuel cell. A solid oxide fuel cell is preferred.

Abstract: Methods for managing a local Terminal Equipment (TE) accessing a network are provided. One is to set in a Mobile Terminal (MT) a management list containing the identities of local TEs, and to decide according to the information of the management list whether to accept a request message from the TE, thereby implementing the management of local TE that accesses the network using resources of the MT, improving the function of the MT, and at the same time, enhancing the security of users' accounts. In accordance with this invention, a user is able to define an authority for the TE to access and learn the current state of the TE, which gives the user facilities for daily use.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method of counting the number of MBMS subscribers, comprising: setting different types of notifications, each of which is designed to instruct UEs in at least one mode to respond said counting number of subscribers; the network side issuing different types of notifications, so as to monitor the activation of UEs in at least one mode in the MBMS with said notifications, and thereby achieving counting the number of subscribers of each MBMS. The method of counting the number of MBMS subscribers provided in the present invention can be used to perform counting the number of subscribers of each MBMS more accurately, so as to take fuller advantage of the precious air interface resource.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for processing the service connection between a user terminal and a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) applicable to a WLAN interactive network that at least comprises: a WLAN user terminal, a WLAN access unit, a service control unit and a user information storage unit. The method comprises: setting flags that represent the attached or detached status of the service connection between the user terminal and the WLAN in the WLAN user terminal and the service control unit respectively; establishing or canceling the connection between the user terminal and the network through the interaction between the WLAN user terminal and the WLAN, meanwhile modifying the corresponding flags.

Abstract: A method for a WLAN user establishing a session connection includes: determining whether an authentication corresponds to a new session connection by a device performing the authentication for a WLAN user; and determining whether an ongoing session connection is to be deleted according to at least one of a network configuration rule, user subscription information and whether a limit of the number of session connections for the WLAN user is exceeded, upon determining that the authentication corresponds to the new session connection. The invention may prevent one WLAN user from performing access authentication in multiple AAA Servers, thereby avoiding dispersion of the user data. Meanwhile, the implementation of the method is simple, convenient and flexible.

Abstract: A Gateway Home Location Register (GHLR) includes a signaling transceiving module, a security rule configuration module, and a routing information security analysis module. A method of exchanging roaming subscriber routing information includes the following steps: the GHLR in the home network receives an information request and determines the request according to the security rules in GHLR; if the request is according to the security rules in GHLR, GHLR sends called information to the network element capable of fetching subscriber routing information in the visited network. Through introducing a roaming subscriber information security control method and a device GHLR, this invention can solve the problem of exchanging roaming subscriber information between networks, support the visited network to provide service for the roaming subscribers in it, and protect security of the home operator and subscriber information.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for processing the service connection between a user terminal and a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) applicable to a WLAN interactive network that at least comprises: a WLAN user terminal, a WLAN access unit, a service control unit and a user information storage unit. The method comprises: setting flags that represent the attached or detached status of the service connection between the user terminal and the WLAN in the WLAN user terminal and the service control unit respectively; establishing or canceling the connection between the user terminal and the network through the interaction between the WLAN user terminal and the WLAN, meanwhile modifying the corresponding flags.

Abstract: A Proxy for calls to a roaming subscriber CRP including a voice bear and a signaling management module, a call access control module, a message processing module, and a waiting call data storage module; and a proxy method for calls to a roaming subscriber including initiating a request to the CRP; the CRP informs the roaming subscriber to call back; and then accomplishing the call switching for the calling subscriber and the called subscriber; and with the afore-mentioned device and method, both the calling subscriber and the called subscriber in this call actually act as a calling party from the viewpoint of the CRP, to avoid unnecessary long distance call costs for both parties and improving communication quality for roaming subscribers.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an interacting method for WLAN UE fast selecting an optimal mobile communication network to access in WLAN, first a WLAN UE judges whether the identity information of the WLAN AN exists in the WLAN identity information stored when mobile connection with the WLAN AN is established, if so, the network selection information corresponding to the identity of the WLAN stored will be sent to the WLAN AN, otherwise, a pre-configured mobile communication network with highest priority is regarded as network selection information to be sent to the WLAN AN; the WLAN AN identifies the mobile communication network to access according to the network selection information carried in Authentication Request, and connects the WLAN UE to the selected network to implement authentication. The method makes the WLAN UE select a mobile communication network to access rapidly when the WLAN UE accesses from a WLAN connected with multiple mobile communication networks.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for reducing the load on Home Subscriber Server (HSS)'s interface. After receiving a request message from Serving Call Session Control Function (S-CSCF) comprising the request for storing the name of the S-CSCF and for downloading the user's subscription information, HSS first stores the name of S-CSCF in the request message, then returns to the S-CSCF a response message comprising the user's subscription information. This invention simplifies the steps of inquiring about the user's subscription information, optimizes the service procedure, and reduces the load on HSS's interface. In addition, when receiving the inquiry message from I-CSCF, HSS returns directly to I-CSCF response message comprising the S-CSCF name and the S-CSCF capability information set that has the capability to meet the most strict service subscription requirement of the UE, further reducing the load on HSS's interface.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an optimized interaction method of a WLAN user terminal selecting an access mobile communication network. In this method, after a wireless connection between the WLAN user terminal and a WLAN access network is established, the WLAN access network or the WLAN user terminal initiates an access authentication procedure, and the WLAN access network sends a user identity request message to the WLAN user terminal. After receiving the user identity request message, the WLAN user terminal determines network selection information to be currently carried according to a detecting result of whether the WLAN access network is changed or according to user selection information, and returning a message containing the determined network selection information to the WLAN access network.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for implementing Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service (MBMS), wherein multiple service modes are set for the MBMS and each service mode is corresponding to a path, a user equipment (UE) activates at least one service mode supported by the current network and receives the MBMS data in the corresponding path of the activated service mode from the network side. This method guarantees that UE covered by networks of multiple types can safely receive the subscribed MBMS data. When the current network covering UE fails to support the activated service mode, the UE will activate a service mode that the current network supports such that the UE can receive the MBMS data in this service mode. Therefore, it is ensured that UE can receive the subscribed MBMS data in any network environments, thus satisfying subscribers' demands to a larger extent.

Abstract: A wireless local area network access gateway (WAG) includes a routing enforcement module and a charging module. The data packets sent via the WAG are outputted to the service authentication and authorization unit or packet data gateway (PDG) of WLAN or the WLAN UE after the forced route processing and collection of charging information. The WAG further includes a message filtering module for acquiring and storing packet filtering rules as well as discriminating, filtering and screening the data packets currently passing the WAG. Also disclosed is a method for ensuring network security by utilizing the WAG. With the disclosed WAG and method, data packets can be discriminated, filtered, and screened so as to prevent as much as possible illegal messages from interfering and threatening the network operation, prevent the transmission of illegal messages, improve the security of the network, and reduce the load of the network.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for selecting a charging rule in connection with a subscriber. The method comprises: an AF providing a CRF with service information and user information used for selecting a charging rule; the CRF selecting a charging rule for the subscriber according to the user information and service information. The present invention also provides a system for selecting a charging rule in connection with subscriber. By this invention, the CRF, when selecting a charging rule, can select a charging rule in connection with different subscribers according to the user information and implement diversified charging based on different using situations of the same packet data service, which will attract subscribers to use packet data service, increase the using frequency of packet data service, and be conducive to the promotion and application of packet data service.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for implementing roaming charging, including: a proxy CRF is configured in the PLMN; a terminal uses bearer resources or packet data services in the currently visited PLMN to provide information for selecting charging rules for the home CRF through the proxy CRF in the PLMN, the home CRF selects the charging rules according to the information and provides the charging rules for the TPF serving the current terminal. The present invention also provides a system for implementing roaming charging, which includes a TPF, a home CRF in the terminal's home PLMN and a proxy CRF in the PLMN other than the terminal's home PLMN. When the terminal is roaming and utilizing the bearer resources or packet data services in the currently visited PLMN, the problem of addressing among the functions when implementing the data flow based charging procedure based on FBC mechanism is solved.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for a network to choose an authentication mode, wherein the key lies in that, according to the received authentication information in the authentication vector request message from S-CSCF as well as according to type of the requesting subscriber, HSS returns authentication information of the Early-IMS-based authentication vector to S-CSCF, or returns authentication information of the Full-IMS-based authentication mode to S-CSCF, or directly returns failure information to S-CSCF. If it is under the former two situations, the subscriber will be authenticated by adopting the corresponding authentication mode, and then S-CSCF will return access-allowed or access-rejected information to the subscriber according to authentication result. If it is in the latter situation, S-CSCF will directly send access-rejected information to the subscriber.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for creating a bearer in Multimedia Broadcast/Multicast service (MBMS), including the activating process. In the method, an extended MBMS Network Service Access Point Identity (MBMS_NSAPI) and an MBMS context identity are adopted such that a user can activate more than eleven MBMS bearer services simultaneously, and avoid the complexity of manual activation. This invention provides another method for creating a bearer in MBMS, including the deactivating process of an MBMS service corresponding to the above activating process. This invention also provides a User Equipment (UE) which creates a bearer in MBMS and a Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN) which creates a bearer in MBMS.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for processing a location information request in a location service, comprising: a location information request initiator sending a location information request containing a processing indication to a location information request receiver; after receiving the location information request, the location information request receiver determining whether to perform synchronous processing or asynchronous processing for the location information request according to type of the processing indication, and then implementing corresponding processing for the location information request. This method is capable of effectively saving system resource of a LCS system, avoiding resource waste at a location service interface and increasing processing performance of a location service.