Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for creating a bearer in Multimedia Broadcast/Multicast service (MBMS), including the activating process. In the method, an extended MBMS Network Service Access Point Identity (MBMS_NSAPI) and an MBMS context identity are adopted such that a user can activate more than eleven MBMS bearer services simultaneously, and avoid the complexity of manual activation. This invention provides another method for creating a bearer in MBMS, including the deactivating process of an MBMS service corresponding to the above activating process. This invention also provides a User Equipment (UE) which creates a bearer in MBMS and a Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN) which creates a bearer in MBMS.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for processing a location information request in a location service, comprising: a location information request initiator sending a location information request containing a processing indication to a location information request receiver; after receiving the location information request, the location information request receiver determining whether to perform synchronous processing or asynchronous processing for the location information request according to type of the processing indication, and then implementing corresponding processing for the location information request. This method is capable of effectively saving system resource of a LCS system, avoiding resource waste at a location service interface and increasing processing performance of a location service.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an interactive method for a WLAN UE accessing a new operation network, which comprises: when the WLAN UE which has accessed a first Visited Mobile Communication Network needs to re-select a second Visited Mobile Communication Network to access, the WLAN UE sending authentication information to a Home Network of the WLAN UE through a WLAN Access Network and the second Visited Mobile Communication Network; after receiving the authentication information, the Home Network of the WLAN UE authenticate the WLAN UE according to the authentication information via the second Visited Mobile Communication Network, and sending an access instruction to the WLAN Access Network through the second Visited Mobile Communication Network; and on receiving the access instrucion, the WLAN UE accesses the second Visited Mobile Communication Network via the WLAN Access Network.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for releasing a service tunnel in WLAN. This method comprises: an originating end point that desires to release a service tunnel in a WLAN sending a release tunnel request to a corresponding end point of the service tunnel; the corresponding end point returning a release acknowledgement to the originating end point, and releasing resources of the service tunnel, a Packet Data Gateway (PDG) sends a tunnel disconnection report to a service authentication and authorization unit, and upon receiving the tunnel disconnection report, the service authentication and authorization unit updates self-stored information related to the released service tunnel. The method in accordance with the present invention makes it possible to implement the release of a designated service tunnel and release or update the related resources and information in time.

Abstract: The present invention discloses method for wireless network re-selection in a plurality of networks environment, comprising: when a user terminal changes from a current serving network to another network, sending a network re-selection request that includes a network information to a network side; establishing a connection of said another network if said another network indicated in said network re-selection request is different from said current serving network. By applying this method, the user terminal can re-select another network when already accessed to a network.

Abstract: A rechargeable power system comprising: a drill string configured to operate in a well bore, the drill string comprising: a fuel cell system; a generator in electrical communication with the fuel cell system; a turbine, configured to rotate due to an impingement of drilling mud on one or more turbine blades, the turbine in operable communication with the generator; and where the fuel cell system is configured to provide power at least when drilling mud is not circulating in the well bore, and further configured to be recharged by the generator when drilling mud is circulating in the well bore. A method for operating a rechargeable downhole fuel cell. The method comprises: monitoring a fluid supply pressure; determining whether the fluid supply pressure is below a threshold value; and stopping a fuel cell discharge if the fluid supply pressure is below the threshold value.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for processing network selection information for a user terminal in wireless local area network (WLAN). When a WLAN user terminal accesses a wireless communications network via a WLAN access network (WLAN AN), the WLAN user terminal sends to the WLAN AN an authentication signal carrying network selection information. This network selection information of the user terminal may be placed in a user identity field defined in the format of a network access identifier (NAI). This invention enables the user terminal to select an appropriate wireless communication network to access when attempting to access a network via a WLAN connecting a plurality of wireless communication networks.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for user equipment (UE) maintaining the setting of initial network selection in a wireless local area network (WLAN). A UE sets and stores an initial network selection in itself when entering a roaming state, and the UE detects and acquires a piece of current time information or a piece of WLAN-associated information. Then, the UE decides according to the change of the acquired time information or WLAN-associated information whether it is necessary to change the setting of the initial network selection. If necessary, the stored initial network selection of the UE is updated. Otherwise, the set initial network selection is kept. In accordance with the disclosed method, the UE is able to make proper and timely selection of a wireless communication network to access when the UE is trying to get accessed via a WLAN that is connected with a plurality of wireless communication networks.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for preventing Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) from frequent network selection interaction. Every time it is needed to issue the information of operating networks of mobile communications, decide according to the number of times for which the information has been issued in a defined period of time whether the information of operating networks of mobile communications is allowed to be issued. If allowed, go ahead with issuing the information of operating networks of mobile communications and record the number of times for which the information has been issued; otherwise, stop issuing the information. When the decision period changes, update the issuing record. When a request for issuing information is received after the issuing has been stopped, discard the request or issue the information after a delay. This invention can prevent WLAN from suffering congestion induced by the network selection mechanism or attacks launched by malicious UEs.

Abstract: A subsea fuel cell and system adapted for long duration use. The subsea fuel cell comprises a fuel cell stack and a water discharge system. In alternate embodiments, the subsea fuel cell can further comprise an impurity discharge system.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an interactive method for determining network selection information of user terminal in wireless local area network (WLAN). In the present invention, a user terminal covered by more than one WLAN inquires each detected WLAN successively in turn using preset initial network selection information. If the current WLAN access network is directly connected with the initially selected network of the user terminal, the initially selected network of the user terminal is determined to be the network to be accessed. If the current WLAN access network is not directly connected with the initially selected network of the user terminal, the next WLAN is inquired, and so on, until a WLAN access network directly connected with the initially selected network of the user terminal is found.

Abstract: The present invention is an interactive processing method for selecting network information for a user terminal in a WLAN. After a radio connection between a WLAN user terminal and a WLAN AN is established, the WLAN AN or the WLAN user terminal initiates an authentication procedure, and the WLAN AN sends to the WLAN user terminal a user identity request message. After receiving the user identity request message, the WLAN user terminal returns to the WLAN AN a message containing network selection information, judges whether the network selection information in the received message identifies a wireless communication network connected with the WLAN, and, if yes, sends the authentication request of the WLAN user terminal to the wireless communication network identified by the network selection information. Otherwise, the network sends an advisement message to the WLAN user terminal, and the WLAN user terminal performs subsequent operations according to the contents of the advisement.

Abstract: A downhole pipe or casing repair method and apparatus includes a corrosion monitoring tool adapted for examining an interior of a pipe or tubing or casing to create a record of the condition of said interior of said pipe, a surface treatment apparatus for cleaning said interior of said pipe, a plating apparatus for plating a new surface over the interior of said pipe after the surface treatment apparatus cleans the interior of said pipe, a packer sealing apparatus for sealing the surface treatment apparatus from the corrosion monitoring tool, and another packer sealing apparatus for sealing the plating apparatus from the surface treatment apparatus. The corrosion monitoring tool will examine the interior of the pipe, the surface treatment apparatus will clean the interior of the pipe, the plating apparatus will plate a new surface over the newly cleaned interior of the pipe, and the corrosion monitoring tool will re-examine the interior of the pipe after the plating step is completed.

Abstract: This invention relates to fuel cells, and in one embodiment, to fuel cells that are especially well suited for downhole use in oil and gas wells, and for subsea use in connection with offshore wells.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method for Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) User Equipment (UE) selection of a Packet Data Gateway (PDG). When the WLAN UE fails to access, the PDG returns a message containing the failure cause value to the WLAN UE that has sent the request such that the WLAN UE could perform different operations according to the specific failure cause value in the message to select a PDG. For example, the WLAN UE may request DNS again to obtain the IP address of the PDG in a home network by parsing in connection with a requested service, or the WLAN UE may first subscribe to the service before re-performing the operation of selecting a PDG, or the WLAN UE may re-select a PDG with another parsed IP address and send a connection request thereto. As a result, the process of WLAN UE asking DNS to re-direct to the home network to select PDG is left out when possible, unnecessary signaling is avoided, and the network resources are saved.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method of user access authorization in wireless local area networks. The method comprises: when a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) user terminal is accessing a WLAN operational network, the WLAN operational network, while authenticating this WLAN user terminal, judging whether to allow this WLAN user terminal to access according to authorization conditions having an impact on the access of this WLAN user terminal, if yes, the WLAN operational network will determine the access rules of this WLAN user terminal according to the said authorization conditions; otherwise, the WLAN operational network will notify the WLAN user terminal about the failure. By adopting the method of the present invention, different users can be controlled to access the network according to different authorization conditions, and be restricted by different access rules after getting accessed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for transmitting service data to wireless local area network (WLAN) users. A service notification unit is set in the network for use in transmitting service access notices to WLAN users. After accessing the network, a WLAN user terminal immediately establishes a continuous connection between itself and the network as a common channel for transmitting service access notices. Before a service serving unit transmits service data to a WLAN user terminal that has no direct connection with the serving unit, the method further includes the service serving unit sending a service access notice to the service notification unit. The method still further includes, after receiving the service access notice, the service notification unit inquiring and acquiring the routing information of the established common channel, and sending the service access notice to the WLAN user terminal via the established common channel in accordance with the acquired routing information.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for a user terminal in a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) quickly accessing its home network. Pre-store in each user terminal, respectively, the identifications of all the WLANs with direct connections to the home network of the corresponding user terminal. For a user terminal that is in an area covered by more than one WLAN, compare the identification of each of the detected WLANs with the WLAN identifications stored in the current user terminal. A successful matching between the identification of a detected WLAN and a pre-stored WLAN identification then means that the home network of the current user terminal is connected with the corresponding WLAN access network and can be accessed via this WLAN. If a plurality of detected WLAN identifications match the stored identifications, select in accordance with a pre-defined selecting rule one of the corresponding WLANs and get accessed via the selected WLAN.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for resolving and accessing a selected service in a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), wherein a service resolving unit is preconfigured for initial access, the method comprising: a WLAN user terminal sending a service establishing request to the service resolving unit; after receiving the service establishing request, the service resolving unit sending a service authentication and authorization request containing the user's subscription information to the service authentication authorization unit, which performs authentication and authorization to the requesting WLAN user terminal; then judging whether the authentication and authorization is successful, if yes, the service authentication authorization unit returning the address of the authorized destination device to the requesting WLAN user terminal so as to establish a service connection between the WLAN user terminal and the destination device; otherwise, the service authentication authorization unit returning the

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method useful for target user equipment (UE) sending a location report. When the target UE is located in a first central network (CN) of a location service (LCS) system, the target UE reports the location report to the LCS system. If the target UE does not receive a location report response from the LCS system, when being located in a second CN of LCS system, target UE will continue to report the location report to LCS system. In accordance with one aspect of the disclosed method, the waste of location service system resource is avoided as well as the execution efficiency of location service is increased. In addition, during procedure of change of area event location request, the consequent processing of request thereof is guaranteed to be normal, so that execution efficiency of location service is increased. Moreover, message interaction between the function entities is saved for the exception cases.