Abstract: In one or more embodiments, one or more systems of a physical optical network that may implement and/or manage a virtual optical network (VON) that interconnects multiple data centers. Virtual nodes based the multiple data centers to be interconnected may be determined, and each of the virtual nodes may be mapped to at least two physical nodes of the physical optical network. Virtual links for pairs of the virtual nodes may be determined, and each virtual link may be mapped to at least one optical network connection of the physical optical network. At least one of a physical node impairment and an optical network connection impairment that is associated with a first physical node implementing a first virtual node may be detected, and the first virtual node may be implemented via a second physical node.

Abstract: A method for web page sharing may include receiving, by at least one processor, a triggering operation executed on an interface of a current application running on a terminal device by a user of the terminal device; calling, by at least one processor, a sharing interface of a target application from the interface of the current application in response to the triggering operation; displaying, by at least one processor, a plurality of contacts of the user associated with the target application on the sharing interface of the target application; receiving, by at least one processor, a first selection operation from the user to select a contact of the user from the plurality of contacts; generating, by at least one processor, a sharing message in response to the first selection operation; and sending, by at least one processor, the sharing message to the selected contact through the server.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a picture book recognition method applied to an apparatus with a camera, comprising: acquiring an image of the picture book with the camera at a preset acquisition frequency; uploading the image to a server; receiving a first audio link corresponding to the image returned from the server and, if the image is an image of a cover of the picture book, receiving a picture book ID corresponding to the cover image; and connecting to a first audio stream in the server and playing the audio according to the first audio link. The present invention further provides a picture book recognition apparatus, system and electronic device. The picture book recognition method, apparatus, system and electronic device provided by the present invention solve the problem of high error rate in picture book recognition in the prior art.

Abstract: A chemically toughened ultrathin glass is provided. The glass has a thickness less than 500 ?m and a surface compressive layer having a depth of at most 30 ?m. The toughened ultrathin glass sheet is more flexible and has extraordinary thermal shock resistance with the glass being easier to handle for processing.

Abstract: Systems and methods for performing distributed virtual network embedding are disclosed. A resource orchestrator may receive a virtual network request specifying a set of virtual nodes, a set of virtual links, each connecting two virtual nodes in a mesh topology, and resource requirements for some virtual nodes. The orchestrator may partition the virtual network request into multiple sub-requests, each specifying a linear topology for a subset of the virtual nodes and links within the mesh topology. The sub-requests may collectively include all virtual links within the mesh topology with no overlapping links. Resource orchestrators may collaborate to compute, independently for each sub-request, a respective chaining solution in which each virtual node is mapped to a physical node having resources sufficient to implementing the virtual node. A resource orchestrator may combine the respective chaining solutions for each of the sub-requests to generate a mapping solution for the virtual network request.

Abstract: Systems and methods for identifying a mapping solution for a virtual network request are disclosed. A resource orchestrator may receive a virtual network request specifying resources required on physical nodes in a network and generate a mapping solution for the request. Generating the mapping solution may include identifying vertices at which a first resource is available, mapping each identified vertex to the first resource in a respective candidate chaining solution, determining, for each identified vertex, a number of messages including the candidate chaining solution to be forwarded to respective neighbor vertices, and forwarding the determined number of messages to the respective neighbor vertices. Determining the number of messages to be forwarded may include applying a message forwarding policy to reduce the total number of messages forwarded between vertices when generating the mapping solution. The policy may be dependent on the topology of the virtual network request.

Abstract: In one or more embodiments, one or more systems, methods, and/or processes may receive a service function chain description that includes service functions associated with multiple domains, and rather than any of the domains ignoring or rejecting outside nodes, nodes may be configured to communicate with the outside nodes in implementing a service function chain associated with the service function chain description. For example, an arbiter (e.g., a central arbiter) may provide control information and/or configuration information, based on the service function chain description, to one or more systems of each domain. In one instance, the arbiter may provide the control information and/or the configuration information to a border node of each domain. In another instance, the arbiter may provide the control information and/or the configuration information to a domain controller of each domain.

Abstract: Provided herein is an electronic message management platform that enables management and execution of electronic message campaigns while appropriately managing challenges presented by spam filters, black lists, and domain blocking technologies, and that includes elements for managing an electronic message campaign based on dynamic conditions, quality measures, engagement factors, and other measures, factors and conditions.

Abstract: Methods and systems for determining optical network utilization efficiency include generating a random demand set and calculating a demand fill ratio (DFR) based on the random demand set. The random demand set includes network demands for a given optical network topology that provide 100% of the wavelength slots in the optical network topology. The DFR may be calculated using different wavelength assignment algorithms, such as a first fit wavelength assignment algorithm, from the randomly generated demands in the random demand set. The DFR may be calculated without and with wavelength conversion nodes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the well drilling field in petrochemical industry, in particular to use of dual-cation fluorocarbon surfactant as amphiphobic wettability reversal agent in drilling fluid. The dual-cation fluorocarbon surfactant is a dual-cation fluorocarbon surfactant of which the cation part is represented by the following formula (1). The dual-cation fluorocarbon surfactant of the present invention can serve as wettability reversal agent when it is used for oil-gas drilling to enable rock amphiphobic, and is an amphiphobic wettability reversal agent which can cause rock surface to be non-hydrophilic and non-lipophilic. Using of dual-cation fluorocarbon surfactant, especially when drilling highly hydrous mud shale, can avoid permeation of water and oil into the rock effectively and thereby a capillary phenomenon can be prevented, and an effect of stabilizing the well wall and protecting the reservoir is attained.

Abstract: A method for preparing a substrate with an insulating buried layer includes: providing a substrate, the substrate having a supporting layer and an insulating layer arranged on a surface of the supporting layer; performing first ion implantation, implanting modified ions into the substrate, wherein a distance from an interface between the insulating layer and the supporting layer to a Gaussian distribution peak of modified ion concentration is less than 50 nm, such that the modified ions form a nano cluster in the insulating layer; and performing a second ion implantation, continuing to implant the modified ions into the insulating layer, wherein the ions are implanted in the same way as the first ion implantation, and a distance from a Gaussian distribution peak of modified ion concentration in this step to the Gaussian distribution peak of modified ion concentration in the first ion implantation is less than 80 nm.

Abstract: A method and device for suppressing an interference signal, the method comprising: performing signal reduction on a received signal of a given cell; performing channel estimation on the signal-reduced received signal of the given cell on the basis of a reference signal of the given cell and a reference signal of a neighboring cell to obtain a precise interference signal; and performing signal suppression on the precise interference signal. In the present application, before acquiring an interference signal, signal reduction is first performed on a received signal of a given cell, and then using a signal obtained by performing the signal reduction on the received signal of the given cell, estimation of interference is performed on the basis of scheduling information of a joint neighboring cell to acquire an accurate interference signal, achieving improved suppression of neighboring cell uplink co-channel interference.

Abstract: The present invention provides for recombinant Endo-S mutants that exhibit reduced hydrolysis activity and increased transglycosylation activity for the synthesis of glycoproteins wherein a desired sialylated oxazoline or synthetic oligosaccharide oxazoline is added to a core fucosylated or nonfucosylated GlcNAc-protein acceptor. Such recombinant Endo-S mutants are useful for efficient glycosylation remodeling of IgG1-Fc domain to provide different antibody glycoforms carrying structurally well-defined Fc N-glycans.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for preparing a substrate with a carrier trapping center. The method includes: implanting bubbling ions into the semiconductor substrate to form a splitting layer, and implanting modified ions into the insulating layer to form a nano cluster; providing a supporting substrate; bonding the supporting substrate to the semiconductor substrate by using the insulating layer as an intermediate layer; performing a first heat treatment for the bonded substrate such that a splitting layer is formed at the position where the bubbling ions are implanted, and causing the semiconductor substrate to split at the position of the splitting layer; performing rapid thermal annealing for the substrate; and performing a second heat treatment for the rapidly thermally annealed semiconductor substrate to consolidate the bonding interface and form the nano cluster at the position where the modified ions are implanted.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for preparing a substrate with a carrier trapping center. The method includes: injecting bubbling ions into the semiconductor substrate to form a splitting layer, and injecting modified ions into the insulating layer to form a nano cluster; providing a supporting substrate; bonding the supporting substrate to the semiconductor substrate by using the insulating layer as an intermediate layer; performing a first heat treatment for the bonded substrate such that a splitting layer is formed at the position where the bubbling ions are injected, and causing the semiconductor substrate to split at the position of the splitting layer; thinning a splitting surface of the split semiconductor substrate; and performing a second heat treatment for the thinned semiconductor substrate to consolidate the bonding interface and form the nano cluster at the position where the modified ions are injected.

Abstract: Systems and methods for performing vertex-centric service function chaining in multi-domain networks are disclosed. A resource orchestration framework of a multi-domain network may include vertices representing physical nodes and edges representing physical links in the network. A sole resource orchestrator (in a centralized system) or multiple resource orchestrators (each associated with a respective domain in a distributed system) may coordinate execution of a common compute function on multiple vertices to identify candidate service function chain solutions to a service function chain request. The request may specify a fixed-ordered chain or a flexible-ordered chain. The compute function may, during each of multiple supersteps, determine whether a partially mapped chain can be extended on a given vertex, send a controller message to a neighbor vertex with which it has a qualified link, or return a completed chain, which may be selected for execution, dependent on applicable policies.

Abstract: A method for cleaning semiconductor substrate without damaging patterned structure on the substrate using ultra/mega sonic device comprising applying liquid into a space between a substrate and an ultra/mega sonic device; setting an ultra/mega sonic power supply at frequency f1 and power P1 to drive said ultra/mega sonic device; before bubble cavitation in said liquid damaging patterned structure on the substrate, setting said ultra/mega sonic power supply at frequency f2 and power P2 to drive said ultra/mega sonic device; after temperature inside bubble cooling down to a set temperature, setting said ultra/mega sonic power supply at frequency f1 and power P1 again; repeating above steps till the substrate being cleaned. Normally, if f1=f2, then P2 is equal to zero or much less than P1; if P1=P2, then f2 is higher than f1; if the f1<f2, then, P2 can be either equal or less than P1.

Abstract: Methods and systems enable optimized placement of wavelength shifters in optical networks. The wavelength shifters may include O-E-O regenerators for a single wavelength and all optical wavelength shifters for one or more wavelengths. An auxiliary graph is used to represent various links in a provisioned optical path. By applying cost values to each of the links, different types of optimizations for network resource utilization may be realized.

Abstract: A method for threshing and pneumatic separation of tobacco leaves, including: 1) transporting a mixture of the tobacco slices and stems from a primary threshing set into primary pneumatic separation unit for sorting out tobacco slices, and transporting a remaining mixture into a secondary threshing set; 2) transporting the mixture from the secondary threshing set into a secondary pneumatic separation unit for sorting out the tobacco slices and qualified stems, and transferring a remaining mixture to a tertiary threshing set; 3) transporting the mixture from the tertiary threshing set into a tertiary pneumatic separation unit for sorting out the tobacco slices and the qualified stems, and transferring a remaining mixture into a quaternary threshing set; 4) transporting the mixture from the quaternary threshing set into a quaternary pneumatic separation unit for sorting out the tobacco slices and the qualified stems, and returning a remaining mixture to the quaternary threshing set.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for determining a shortest minimum regeneration path in an optical network. The method includes creating a virtual node at a source node, the source node communicatively coupled to a destination node through a plurality of nodes and links. The method includes traversing the virtual nodes, wherein traversing the virtual nodes comprises selecting an unvisited virtual node at a node; identifying a candidate virtual node from the unvisited virtual node; determining whether the candidate virtual node exceeds a maximum permitted weight; determining whether the candidate virtual node violates a shortest minimum regeneration path condition; and creating the new virtual node from the candidate virtual node if the candidate virtual node does not exceed the maximum permitted weight and if the candidate virtual node does not violate the shortest minimum regeneration path condition.