Abstract: Space allocation for non-volatile memory is shown. A controller establish a first namespace set by allocating the non-volatile memory in units of a first storage unit, and establishes a second namespace set by allocating the non-volatile memory in units of a second storage unit. The first storage unit is bigger than or equal to the second storage unit, and the first storage unit has better input and output isolation than the second storage unit. The first namespace set and the second namespace set are in the different tiers in a hierarchical storage architecture.

Abstract: Space allocation for non-volatile memory is shown. A controller establish a first namespace set by allocating the non-volatile memory in units of a first storage unit, and establishes a second namespace set by allocating the non-volatile memory in units of a second storage unit. The first storage unit is bigger than or equal to the second storage unit, and the first storage unit has better input and output isolation than the second storage unit. The first namespace set and the second namespace set are in the different tiers in a hierarchical storage architecture.

Abstract: A data storage device is provided. The data storage device includes a flash memory and a controller. The flash memory includes a plurality of blocks for storing data and each block includes a plurality of pages. The controller is configured to convert a host read command into a read-operation instruction to the flash memory to perform a default read operation to read page data from the flash memory. The default read operation has a default read threshold voltage. In response to a failure of the default read operation, the controller is configured to sequentially perform a read operation on the flash memory using a read threshold voltage with respect to each entry of a plurality of entries in a read-retry table, and replace the default read threshold voltage with the read threshold voltage corresponding to the read operation being successfully performed.

Abstract: A data storage device is provided. The data storage device includes a flash memory and a controller. The flash memory includes a plurality of blocks for storing data and each block includes a plurality of pages. The controller is configured to convert a host read command into a read-operation instruction to the flash memory to perform a default read operation to read page data from the flash memory. The default read operation has a default read threshold voltage. In response to a failure of the default read operation, the controller is configured to sequentially perform a read operation on the flash memory using a read threshold voltage with respect to each entry of a plurality of entries in a read-retry table, and replace the default read threshold voltage with the read threshold voltage corresponding to the read operation being successfully performed.

Abstract: A data storage device with high security is disclosed. A nonvolatile memory provides a storage space divided into a plurality of first-level cells. The first-level cells are grouped into a plurality of second-level cells with each second-level cell containing several first-level cells. Each of the plurality of first-level cells is provided with checking and correcting code by a control unit. When reading a specified first-level cell, the control unit checks data in the specified first-level cell based on the checking and correcting code of the specified first-level cell and thereby performs a self-test on another space of a specified second-level cell. The specified first-level cell is provided in the specified second-level cell.

Abstract: A method and system provide for storage device metadata management. The storage device metadata management method comprises: a superblock is formed of at least one erase block; the superblock reserves a space for storing metadata related to the superblock; the metadata related to the superblock comprises a serial number distributed to the superblock and address mapping information in the superblock; the address mapping information stores a mapping relationship of a physical block address to a logic block address (S1); when data is written into the superblock, the address mapping information corresponding to the data is also written into the superblock (S2); when a system is recovered, a page table of the storage system is recovered according to the address mapping information of the superblock; the page table marks a mapping relationship of a logic block address to a physical block address (S3).

Abstract: A RAID system and method based on a solid-state storage medium. The system includes a plurality of solid-state storage devices and a main control unit. Each solid-state storage device includes a solid-state storage medium and a controller for controlling reading and writing of the solid-state storage medium. The main control unit is electrically connected to the controller of each of the solid-state storage devices in a RAID array. The main control unit is used for performing address mapping from a logical block address in the RAID array to a physical block address of the flash memory solid-state storage device. The address mapping and the RAID function can be integrated to solve the problems of write amplification and low performance. The unified management of address mapping of the solid-state storage devices can be implemented to improve the efficiency of garbage collection and wear leveling of the solid-state storage system.

Abstract: A data storage device includes a plurality of flash memories and at least one controller. Each of the flash memories includes a plurality of blocks. The controller operates the flash memories to access data in a plurality of working modes. The working mode of each flash memory is mutually independent. When the data storage device receives a control command from an application layer, the controller applies one of the working modes to one of the flash memories during operation, or switches the working mode of one of the flash memories during operation according to the control command.

Abstract: A host device is provided. The host device includes a processor and an interface. The processor generates a physical block address and a solid state disk (SSD) identification code according to a logical block address of an access operation. The interface is coupled to the processor. The processor indicates one of a plurality of SSDs through the interface according to the SSD identification code to access data at the physical block address.

Abstract: The invention relates to a data storage device and method, including at least one non-volatile storage and a controller with a two-layer structure. The two-layer structure includes a front end coupled to a host and a back end coupled to the non-volatile storage. The controller includes an instruction processor and at least one non-volatile storage controller. The instruction processor is arranged in the front end and communicates with the host and schedules operations of the data storage device in accordance with an external instruction. The non-volatile storage controller is arranged in the back end and controls the non-volatile storage in accordance with the schedule made by the instruction processor.

Abstract: A data storage device with high security is disclosed. A nonvolatile memory provides a storage space divided into a plurality of first-level cells. The first-level cells are grouped into a plurality of second-level cells with each second-level cell containing several first-level cells. Each of the plurality of first-level cells is provided with checking and correcting code by a control unit. When reading a specified first-level cell, the control unit checks data in the specified first-level cell based on the checking and correcting code of the specified first-level cell and thereby performs a self-test on another space of a specified second-level cell. The specified first-level cell is provided in the specified second-level cell.

Abstract: A method for processing return entities associated with multiple requests in a single ISR (Interrupt Service Routine) thread, performed by one core of a processing unit of a host device, is introduced. Entities are removed from a queue, which are associated with commands issued to a storage device, and the removed entities are processed until a condition is satisfied.

Abstract: A method for processing return entities associated with multiple requests in a single ISR (Interrupt Service Routine) thread, performed by one core of a processing unit of a host device, is introduced. Entities are removed from a queue, which are associated with commands issued to a storage device, and the removed entities are processed until a condition is satisfied.

Abstract: Provided are a power failure protection method and solid state drive (SSD). The SSD comprises: a power-failure detection device, for monitoring in real time whether the power supply is abnormal; a power-failure protection device performs a power-failure protection operation when the power supply is monitored to be abnormal: breaking a connection with a host system bus, an SSD internal clock breaking from a system bus clock and writing data in the SSD cache into a storage unit of the SSD by using the SSD internal clock. The technical solution ensures completion of the data protection operations by utilizing a remaining capacity, thus ensuring data integrity.

Abstract: An auto-adaptive system to implement partial write buffering for storage systems comprises: dynamically determining a wiring method for a data queue which needs to be written, and on the basis of a determination result, directly writing to a storage medium data suited to being written directly, and as for data suited for being written after being cached, caching the data by a caching device and then writing the data to the storage medium. A dynamic caching system uses the above method. The method and system significantly reduce the space requirements for caching, enable fault tolerance integration, and improve system performance.

Abstract: A storage device metadata management method includes: a superblock is formed of at least one erase block; the superblock reserves a space for storing metadata related to the superblock; the metadata includes a serial number distributed to the superblock and address mapping information in the superblock; the address mapping information stores a mapping relationship of a physical block address to a logic block address; when data is written into the superblock, the address mapping information corresponding to the data is also written into the superblock; when a system is recovered, a page table of the storage system is recovered according to the address mapping information of the superblock; the page table marks a mapping relationship of a logic block address to a physical block address. The method can ensure a complete recovery of the page table during startup and a normal operation of the storage device when started.

Abstract: “A RAID system and method based on a solid-state storage medium. The system includes a plurality of solid-state storage devices and a main control unit. Each solid-state storage device includes a solid-state storage medium and a controller for controlling reading and writing of the solid-state storage medium. The main control unit is electrically connected to the controller of each of the solid-state storage devices in a RAID array. The main control unit is used for performing address mapping from a logical block address in the RAID array to a physical block address of the flash memory solid-state storage device. The address mapping and the RAID function can be integrated to solve the problems of write amplification and low performance. The unified management of address mapping of the solid-state storage devices can be implemented to improve the efficiency of garbage collection and wear leveling of the solid-state storage system.

Abstract: Provided are a power failure protection method and solid state drive (SSD) The SSD comprises: a power-failure detection device, for monitoring in real time whether the power supply is abnormal; a power-failure protection device performs a power-failure protection operation when the power supply is monitored to be abnormal: breaking a connection with a host system bus, an SSD internal clock breaking from a system bus clock and writing data in the SSD cache into a storage unit of the SSD by using the SSD internal clock. The technical solution ensures completion of the data protection operations by utilizing a remaining capacity, thus ensuring data integrity.

Abstract: A storage system for constructing RAID on the basis of flash memory comprises: one or more RAID processors and a plurality of flash memories. The RAID processor comprises a plurality of read-and-write processing units, a data block pointer unit, a data block counter and a parity check code buffer. One read and write processing unit can control one or more flash memory units. A method for constructing RAID in a storage system on the basis of flash memory can realize the function of RAID in a very small logic area and approximately negligible time and realize the unification of the function and performance of a storage system such as an enterprise-level SSD.

Abstract: A system including a write module to write pilot data at predetermined locations in a page of memory cells that are interspersed with user data in the page. The pilot data has a first predetermined pattern and provides an indication of a disturbance experienced by the user data due to noise and a read, write, or erase operation performed on the page. A read module reads data from the predetermined locations subsequent to writing the pilot data. A signal processing module compares the data read from the predetermined locations with the pilot data and estimates, based on the comparison of the data read from the predetermined locations in the page with the pilot data, and the first predetermined pattern of the pilot data, the disturbance experienced by the user data due to the noise and the read, write, or erase operation performed on the page.