Abstract: Provided herein are methods for the production of high density cultures of algae as well as nutritional supplements from such cultures and the use of such cultures to produce therapeutic proteins.

Abstract: This application discloses a photovoltaic direct-current breaking apparatus, including a positive connection terminal and a negative connection terminal for connecting a photovoltaic string and a photovoltaic energy converter, a first diode, a first switch, a convector circuit, and an energy absorption circuit, where the first switch, the convector circuit, and the energy absorption circuit are connected in parallel. The convector circuit can effectively avoid arc discharge and ablation generated when the first switch cuts off a direct-current circuit between the photovoltaic string and the photovoltaic energy converter. The first diode can effectively bypass energy stored by an energy storage device in the photovoltaic energy converter, helping reduce required specifications of a semiconductor device in the convector circuit. The energy absorption circuit can also effectively reduce required specifications of the semiconductor device and a varistor.

Abstract: A linkage protection system includes an inverter, an anti-potential-induced degradation (PID) apparatus, and an insulation-monitoring apparatus. The anti-PID apparatus is configured to inject a voltage into an input end or an output end of the inverter, to increase or decrease a voltage-to-earth of a photovoltaic system. The insulation-monitoring apparatus is configured to inject an insulation-monitoring voltage into a direct current (DC) side or an alternating current (AC) side of the inverter. The anti-PID apparatus and the insulation-monitoring apparatus directly or indirectly communicate with each other, to learn of information about whether a peer apparatus is operating, and perform linkage control. The anti-PID apparatus and the insulation-monitoring apparatus operate in different time periods.

Abstract: A video transcoding card includes a first transcoding assembly and a second transcoding assembly. The first transcoding assembly includes a first circuit board, first transcoding boards, and a first main electrical connector. The first transcoding boards and the first main electrical connector are disposed on the first circuit board and are electrically connected to the first circuit board. The second transcoding assembly includes a second circuit board, second transcoding boards and a second main electrical connector. The second transcoding boards and the second main electrical connector are disposed on the second circuit board and are electrically connected to the second circuit board. The first main electrical connector and the second main electrical connector are connected to each other, and the second transcoding boards are electrically connected to the first circuit board via the second circuit board, the second main electrical connector, and the first main electrical connector.

Abstract: An active noise control device includes a secondary path filter coefficient updating unit. The secondary path filter coefficient updating unit is configured to update a coefficient of a secondary path filter by using a coefficient of the secondary path filter after previous updating as a previous value, when a phase characteristic of the secondary path filter that sets an initial value as the coefficient and a phase characteristic of the secondary path filter that uses the previous value as the coefficient are not approximate to each other.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of detecting crystallographic defects, comprising: sampling wafer of an ingot in complying with a predetermined wafer sampling frequency; identifying crystallographic defects of the wafer to show the crystallographic defects of the wafer; characterizing observation of the crystallographic defects of the wafer and extracting a value characterizing the crystallographic defects; through a result of characterizing the crystallographic defects, obtaining a radial distribution of density of the wafer and categorizing the crystallographic defects; and obtaining an isogram of the crystallographic defects of the wafer to show a crystallographic defect distribution of the whole ingot according to the value characterizing the crystallographic defects and categories of the crystallographic defects.

Abstract: An active noise control device controls a speaker so as to output a canceling sound for canceling noise transmitted from a vibration source. The active noise control device includes a control signal generating unit configured to perform signal processing on a basic signal corresponding to a predetermined frequency by a feedback filter and a extraction filter, which is an adaptive notch filter, to generate a control signal that control the speaker, a secondary path filter updating unit configured to update sequentially and adaptively a secondary path filter, and a feedback filter setting unit configured to set the feedback filter based on the secondary path filter.

Abstract: An acoustic control device includes a control signal generating unit configured to perform signal processing on a sound source signal by a control filter, which is an adaptive FIR filter, to generate a control signal that controls speakers, and a control filter updating unit configured to update sequentially and adaptively the control filter in a manner that a difference between a sound pressure in a viewing area and a sound pressure in a quiet area becomes a predetermined level.

Abstract: A cooperative control unit is configured to cause a muffled sound control signal processing unit to start feedforward signal processing, and set, when a secondary path filter has converged, a narrow band noise control signal processing unit to the converged secondary path filter and cause the narrow band noise control signal processing unit to start feedback signal processing.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application disclose a photovoltaic system, to resolve a problem of high costs per kilowatt hour of a photovoltaic system. The photovoltaic system includes a first photovoltaic array, a first power converter, a second photovoltaic array, a second power converter, an energy storage converter, a storage battery, and a photovoltaic inverter. The first photovoltaic array is connected to the photovoltaic inverter through the first power converter. The second photovoltaic array is directly connected to the energy storage converter, or at least one part of the second photovoltaic array is connected to the energy storage converter through the second power converter. The energy storage converter is connected to the photovoltaic inverter and the storage battery. The photovoltaic inverter is connected to a power grid.

Abstract: A photovoltaic control apparatus and method, and a system, and relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation technologies, to reduce the system costs. The apparatus is applied to a photovoltaic system including a plurality of strings. The apparatus includes a control circuit, a first path circuit, a second path circuit, and an inverter circuit. The control circuit is configured to control a direct current signal of at least one first string in the plurality of strings to be transmitted by using the first path circuit. The first path circuit is configured to perform MPPT processing on the direct current signal of the first string. The control circuit is further configured to control a direct current signal of at least one second string in the plurality of strings to be transmitted by using the second path circuit.

Abstract: An active sound effect generating device includes a tone adjusting unit for setting a plurality of different sub-fundamental frequencies by multiplying a fundamental frequency by coefficients, a first tone signal generating unit, a second tone signal generating unit, a third tone signal generating unit, and a fourth tone signal generating unit for generating tone signals corresponding to the respective sub-fundamental frequencies, and a sound effect signal generating unit for generating a sound effect signal for outputting sound effects from a speaker based on the tone signals.

Abstract: A rotational speed detecting device that detects an engine rotational speed includes: a frequency estimation unit for estimating a frequency of vehicle interior sound as an estimated frequency based on a period of the vehicle interior sound detected by a microphone; an analysis frequency band setting unit for setting an analysis frequency band based on the estimated frequency; a frequency detection unit for performing spectrum analysis of the vehicle interior sound by discrete Fourier transform in the analysis frequency band and detecting the frequency of the vehicle interior sound as a detection frequency; and a rotational speed calculation unit for calculating an engine rotational speed based on the detection frequency.

Abstract: An active noise control device performs signal processing on a basic signal corresponding to a control target frequency by a control filter, which is an adaptive notch filter, to generate a control signal that controls a speaker, sequentially and adaptively updates coefficients of the control filter, compares a magnitude of a primary path filter with a magnitude of the control filter, and determines whether the state of the control filter is unstable or not.

Abstract: An active noise control device includes a secondary path filter coefficient updating unit. The secondary path filter coefficient updating unit is configured to update a coefficient of a secondary path filter by using a coefficient of the secondary path filter after previous updating as a previous value, when a phase characteristic of the secondary path filter that sets an initial value as the coefficient and a phase characteristic of the secondary path filter that uses the previous value as the coefficient are not approximate to each other.

Abstract: An MPTCP Incast performance evaluation model based on a queuing network is provided. The invention establishes a multi-level collaborative MPTCP Incast data transmission performance evaluation model of M/M/N/mI?M/M/L/mII?M/M/K/mIII the queuing network based on a multi-homed FatTree topology and a Markov property of an MPTCP data scheduling process. M/M/N/mI, M/M/L/mII and M/M/K/mIII respectively characterize a three-level collaborative process of arrival of data traffic groups in a bottleneck link of an edge layer, a transmission hotspot ToR cluster and a bottleneck link of a convergence layer.

Abstract: A post over-erase correction (POEC) method with an auto-adjusting verification mechanism and a leakage degree detection function detects gm degradation or leakage degree of flash cells before or after entering the POEC process. When a preset condition is satisfied, the auto-adjusting verification mechanism of the POEC is switched on to further reduce leakage current. After cycling, the POEC repairs Vt of over-erased cells to a higher level to solve leakage issues. The erase shot count increases due to slower erase speeds after cycling. Therefore, the cycling degree of flash cells is detected by observing the shot number that the erase operation used. When the leakage phenomenon becomes serious, the bit line (BL) leakage current, amount of repaired BLs, and over-erase correction (OEC) shot number will increase during the OEC procedure. Therefore, the leakage degree of flash cells can be detected by inspecting the above data.

Abstract: A post over-erase correction (POEC) method with an auto-adjusting verification mechanism and a leakage degree detection function detects gm degradation or leakage degree of flash cells before or after entering the POEC process. When a preset condition is satisfied, the auto-adjusting verification mechanism of the POEC is switched on to further reduce leakage current. After cycling, the POEC repairs Vt of over-erased cells to a higher level to solve leakage issues. The erase shot count increases due to slower erase speeds after cycling. Therefore, the cycling degree of flash cells is detected by observing the shot number that the erase operation used. When the leakage phenomenon becomes serious, the bit line (BL) leakage current, amount of repaired BLs, and over-erase correction (OEC) shot number will increase during the OEC procedure. Therefore, the leakage degree of flash cells can be detected by inspecting the above data.

Abstract: A power system is disclosed. Output terminals of a power supply or a DC-to-DC unit are cascaded to increase an output voltage, so as to reduce a current between the power supply or the DC-to-DC unit and the DC-to-AC unit, and resolve cost and loss problems of the cable from the power supply or the DC-to-DC unit to the DC-to-AC unit. In addition, according to the power system provided in the embodiments of this application, a quantity of cables from the power supply or the DC-to-DC unit to the DC-to-AC unit may be further reduced by cascading output terminals of the power supply or the DC-to-DC unit and cascading inputs of the DC-to-AC unit, thereby reducing system costs. In addition, in the power system provided in the embodiments of this application, cascaded input and isolated output of the DC-to-AC unit can reduce a specification of a power conversion device.

Abstract: An energy storage system includes one or more energy storage unit clusters, and the energy storage unit cluster includes at least two energy storage modules connected in series. The energy storage system further includes a first bus, a second bus, and a centralized monitoring system of the energy storage unit cluster, where the second bus is a direct current bus. The energy storage unit cluster is coupled to the first bus by using a first converter. One energy storage module includes one energy storage element group and one DC/DC converter, and the energy storage element group is coupled to the second bus by using the DC/DC converter. The centralized monitoring system is connected to the energy storage unit cluster through a control bus, and is configured to control a DC/DC converter in any energy storage module in the energy storage unit cluster.