Abstract: A heat pipe includes a sealed hollow casing, a wick structure lining an inner surface of the casing and a working medium contained in an interior of the casing. The casing includes an elongated main body having an elongated opening extending axially in the main body and a transparent cover fixed onto the main body and sealing the opening of the main body. The wick structure is provided by only lining an inner surface of the main body of the casing.

Abstract: A method of forming a waveguide including a core region, a cladding region, and an index contrast region situated therebetween includes depositing a polymerizable composite on a substrate to form a layer, patterning the layer to define an exposed area and an unexposed area of the layer, irradiating the exposed area of the layer, and volatilizing the uncured monomer to form the waveguide, wherein the polymerizable composite includes a polymer binder and sufficient quantities of an uncured monomer to diffuse into the exposed area of the layer and form the index contrast region. The resulting waveguide includes an index contrast region which has a lower index of refraction than that of the core and cladding regions.

Abstract: A heat pipe includes a casing and a three-dimensional cross-linkage wick structure received in the casing. The three-dimensional cross-linkage wick structure has a plurality of pores therein for providing a capillary action and includes a bottom layer being attached to the casing and a plurality of protrusions extending from the bottom layer and spaced from each other. A groove is defined between two adjacent protrusions. The bottom layer has a connecting portion under the groove. The connection portion is formed between and connects with the two adjacent protrusions. The connection portions have a smaller pore size than the protrusions.

Abstract: A multiband antenna is located on a substrate and comprises a first radiator, a second radiator, a feeding portion, a grounding portion and a third radiation. The first radiator transmits at least two frequency band signals. The second radiator is connected to the first radiator, and is arranged so as to surround the first radiator. The feeding portion feeds electromagnetic signals to the first radiator and the second radiator. The third radiator is located between the grounding portion and the second radiator, and electrically connected to the grounding portion.

Abstract: An antenna (100) disposed on a first substrate (10) and a second substrate (20) includes a feeding portion (110) and a radiating portion (120). The feeding portion (110) is disposed on a first surface of the first substrate (10), for feeding electromagnetic signals. The radiating portion (120) connected to the feeding portion (110) for transceiving electromagnetic signals includes a first radiator (121), a second radiator (122) and a third radiator (123). The first radiator (121) is disposed on the first surface and connected to the feeding portion (110). The second radiator (122) is disposed on a second surface of the second substrate (20). The third radiator (123) includes a first cylinder portion (1231) and a second cylinder portion (1232) connected to the first cylinder portion (1231). The first cylinder portion (1231) and the second cylinder portion (1232) are connected to the first radiator (121) and the second radiator (122), respectively.

Abstract: A transmitter and the method therefor are provided. The transmitter is applied in an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) based or other multicarrier communication systems. The transmitter uses N sub-carriers. Among the N sub-carriers, L sub-carriers (or tones) are reserved for PAPR reduction. L is less than N. The method includes the following steps. Original frequency domain data symbols are generated and fed into the reserved-tone symbol generation unit. The reserved-tone symbols are generated by using pure frequency domain signal processing. Then the reserved-tone symbols are combined with original data symbols to generate combined PAPR reduction signal. The resultant PAPR reduction signal can be fed into reserved-tone symbol generation unit iteratively to obtain updated reserved-tone symbols. For proper iterations, the original data symbols combined with L frequency domain reserved-tone symbols will result in lower PAPR transmit signal.

Abstract: A label side of a light-scribe optical disc includes a control feature zone recording therein reference information of the optical disc and a label zone to be marked based on the reference information. An optical head is moved in the label zone to determine a first FE gain and a first sub-beam addition (SBAD) signal by way of focusing servo technology. The optical head is further moved in the control feature zone to determine a second SBAD Signal. The first and second SBAD signals are operated to obtain a ratio. The ratio is used with the first FE gain to estimate a second FE gain for accessing to the control feature zone.

Abstract: A method of obtaining accurately a heat-dissipating requirement for electronic systems of a same kind uses a thermal analysis software, a passed thermal module with a fan, and a fan speed regulating device. The method includes steps of: (1) connecting the fan to the fan speed regulating device; (2) turning on one electronic system and running the fan, monitoring the electronic system; (3) reducing the speed of the fan until the electronic system is shut down, recording the fan speed; (4) getting a thermal resistance (Ri) of the thermal module when it runs in an open space with the fan running at the speed at which the electronic system is shut down; (5) repeating above four steps to get some Ri's of some other such electronic systems; (6) using the thermal analysis software to analyze the Ri's of the electronic systems and getting accurately the heat-dissipating requirement for the electronic systems.

Abstract: A system and method for managing optical power for controlling thermal alteration of a sample undergoing spectroscopic analysis is provided. The system includes a moveable laser beam generator for irradiating the sample and a beam shaping device for moving and shaping the laser beam to prevent thermal overload or build up in the sample. The moveable laser beam generator includes at least one beam shaping device selected from the group consisting of at least one optical lens, at least one optical diffractor, at least one optical path difference modulator, at least one moveable mirror, at least one Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) integrated circuit (IC), and/or a liquid droplet. The system also includes an at least two degree of freedom (2 DOF) moveable substrate platform and a controller for controlling the laser beam generator and the substrate platform, and for analyzing light reflected from the sample.

Abstract: In wireless communication system and method, a guard band detection (GBD) is performed in a channel to detect the existence of guard bands of a correct channel, so to predetermine that whether the current channel is correct or not. If GBD and a subsequent authorization are both passed in the channel, then the channel is determined as the correct channel. Besides, multiple point estimation (MPE) can be used to analyze the signal strengths in different frequencies to predict the location of the correct channel.

Abstract: A method for decapsulating a package is provided. The method comprises steps of providing a package having a chip therein, wherein the chip has an active surface and a rear surface. Further, the package further comprises a heat sink, a plurality of solder bumps, a substrate, an underfill and a plurality of solder balls. The method further comprises removing the heat sink and removing the substrate together with the solder balls. A dry etching process is performed to remove a portion of the underfill. A wet etching process is performed to remove the rest portion of the underfill. A thermal process solder bump removal process is performed to melt the solder bumps and then a solder bump removal process is performed to remove the melted solder bumps from the active surface of the chip.

Abstract: A method for decapsulating a package is provided. The method comprises steps of providing a package having a chip therein, wherein the chip has an active surface and a rear surface. Further, the package further comprises a heat sink, a plurality of solder bumps, a substrate, an underfill and a plurality of solder balls. The method further comprises removing the heat sink and removing the substrate together with the solder balls. A dry etching process is performed to remove a portion of the underfill. A wet etching process is performed to remove the rest portion of the underfill. A thermal process solder bump removal process is performed to melt the solder bumps and then a solder bump removal process is performed to remove the melted solder bumps from the active surface of the chip.

Abstract: A method for determining analyte concentration levels is provided. The method includes acquiring radiation scattered off or transmitted by a target, analyzing at least a first portion of the radiation via a first technique to generate a first measurement of analyte concentration levels, and analyzing at least a second portion of the radiation via a second technique to generate a second measurement of analyte concentration levels. The method further determines analyte concentration levels based on at least one of the first measurement or the second measurement. In addition, a system for implementing the method and a probe for measuring and monitoring the analyte concentration levels is provided.

Abstract: A multiband antenna is positioned on a substrate and includes a feeding portion, a grounding portion, and a radiating portion. The feeding portion is configured for feeding electromagnetic signals. The grounding portion is positioned on the substrate. The radiating portion electrically connects to the feeding portion for transceiving the electromagnetic signals. The radiation portion includes a first radiator and a second radiator. The first radiator includes a first radiating section that electrically connects to the feeding portion, a second radiating section, and a third radiating section, all of which electrically connects one another one-by-one in sequence and cooperatively defines a receiving space. The second radiator is housed in the receiving space and electrically connects to the feeding portion.

Abstract: A system and method for optical transmission of ultrasound data signals from a probe to an image processing system is provided. By using a silicon-based optical modulator to encode ultrasound data signals onto an optical signal, an optical transmission link between the ultrasound probe and the image processing system can achieve a high signal to noise ratio with a lower power input.

Abstract: An antenna device disposed on a substrate includes a feed part, a body part, at least one ground plane, and a matching part. The feed part is for feeding electromagnetic signals. The body part for radiating and receiving the electromagnetic signals is electronically connected to the feed part. The body part includes a first radiation part located on a first plane, a second radiation part located on a second plane, and a third radiation part located on a third plane. The second radiation part is electronically connected between the first radiation part and the third radiation part. The ground plane for grounding is disposed on one surface of the substrate. The matching part for impedance matching includes one end electronically connected to one end of the body part and one end of the feed part, and another end electronically connected to the ground plane.

Abstract: A heat dissipating device includes a circuit board (23), an electronic component (24) being arranged on the circuit board, a base (211) being thermally attached to the electronic component, and a plurality of fasteners (22). The circuit board defines a plurality of screw holes (230) therein. The base defines a plurality of through holes (213) corresponding to the screw holes of the circuit board. Each fastener includes a bolt (27) extending through a corresponding through hole of the base and then threadly engaging into a corresponding screw hole of the circuit board, and a coil spring (28) mounted around the bolt. The base forms a plurality of latch hooks (214) near each through hole. A bottom ring (222) of the coil spring is sandwiched between the latch hooks and the base.

Abstract: An antenna device (10) is disposed on a substrate (30), and includes a feed part (14), a holder (20), a body part (18), at least one ground plane (11), and a matching part (16). The feed part is for feeding electromagnetic signals. The body part for radiating and receiving the electromagnetic signals is electronically connected to the feed part. The body part includes at least two radiation parts electronically connected in sequence and disposed on at least two adjacent surfaces of the holder. The at least one ground plane for grounding is disposed on one side of the substrate. The matching part for impendence matching includes one end electronically connected to the body part and another end electronically connected to the ground plane. The ground plane surrounds two adjacent sides of the matching part.

Abstract: An optofluidic device is provided. The device includes a cladding region having a first refractive index, and a channel defined by the cladding region such that the cladding region forms an inner surface or an interface of the channel. The channel is configured to house one or more of a liquid, a solid, a gas, a colloidal, or a suspension sample, wherein the sample has a second refractive index, where the channel is configured to guide radiation, and where the first refractive index is lower than the second refractive index.

Abstract: An optofluidic device is provided. The device includes a cladding region having a first refractive index, and a channel defined by the cladding region such that the cladding region forms an inner surface or an interface of the channel. The channel is configured to house one or more of a liquid, a solid, a gas, a colloidal, or a suspension sample, wherein the sample has a second refractive index, where the channel is configured to guide radiation, and where the first refractive index is lower than the second refractive index.