Abstract: Provided are a phase shifter with a photonic band gap (PBG) structure using a ferroelectric thin film. The phase shifter includes a microstrip transmission line acting as a microwave input/output line and a plurality of tunable capacitors arranged in the microstrip transmission line at regular intervals. Electrodes disposed on a substrate apply DC voltages to the plurality of tunable capacitors. Radio frequency (RF) chokes and quarter wavelength radial-stubs are connected between the electrodes and the microstrip transmission line in order to prevent high frequency signals from flowing into a DC bias terminal. A plurality of PBGS are periodically arrayed on a ground plane of the substrate.

Abstract: A flexible member that is configured to be connected with a liquid crystal display panel comprising a common electrode, a gate line, and a data line intersecting the gate line, includes a flexible film, a data lead that is formed on the flexible film and is connected with the data line, first and second application leads that are formed on the flexible film and apply a common voltage to the common electrode, with the data lead located between the first and second application leads, and a feedback lead that is formed on the flexible film and feedbacks the common voltage applied to the common electrode.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a cutting tool having high toughness and abrasion resistance, in which a coated cutting tool including a cemented carbide substrate, a cermet substrate or a ceramic substrate coated with a hard coating film by means of chemical vapor deposition, moderate temperature-chemical vapor deposition or physical vapor deposition, and/or a cemented carbide cutting tool, a cermet cutting tool or a ceramic cutting tool are subjected to wet blasting using 10-300 ?m sized particles to decrease residual tensile stress or increase residual compressive stress, thereby improving toughness, and also, reducing surface roughness of the cutting tool, thus remarkably increasing chipping resistance and flaking resistance.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a gene being capable of modifying resistance against a heavy metal or salt, or accumulation properties, a recombination vector including the genes, and a transformant using the recombination vector. A gene having heavy metal resistance and accumulation properties includes a sequence encoding a transmembrane protein having five times repeated similar four transmembrane domains. A recombination vector includes the gene having heavy metal resistance and accumulation properties, and further includes a salt or drought resistance gene having at least one selected from the group consisting of a sequence encoding an ABC transporter including twice repeated six transmembrane domains and ATP-binding domains.

Abstract: A fast motion estimation system that determines a reference macroblock or sub-block combination within a reference frame for a current macroblock in a current frame includes a memory, a reference macroblock search circuit, a sub-block combination search circuit, and a comparator circuit. The reference macroblock search circuit determines a motion vector, multiple difference values, and a cost value for each macroblock within the reference frame according to a fast motion estimation search pattern, and stores the motion vector and the difference values in the memory. The sub-block combination search circuit searches the motion vector and the difference values in the memory for determining a corresponding one of multiple lowest cost sub-block combinations for each of multiple sub-block motion modes. The comparator circuit determines a lowest cost macroblock and selects from among the lowest cost macroblock and the lowest cost sub-block combinations to determine the reference macroblock.

Abstract: A method of supporting a hybrid automatic retransmission request (HARQ) in an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing access (OFDMA) radio access system is disclosed. Preferably, the method comprises receiving a downlink data frame comprising a data map information element and a data burst comprising a plurality of layers, wherein each layer is encoded with a corresponding channel encoder, and wherein the data map information element is configured to support multiple antennas to achieve space time transmit diversity by providing control information associated with each one of the plurality of layers, wherein the control information comprises allocation of acknowledgement status channels corresponding to the plurality of layers, and transmitting in an uplink data frame a plurality of acknowledgement status, each acknowledgement status being associated with whether a corresponding layer of the plurality of layers is properly decoded.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a variety of conductive ink compositions comprising a metal complex compound having a special structure and an additive and a method for preparing the same, more particularly to conductive ink compositions comprising a metal complex compound obtained by reacting a metal or metal compound with an ammonium carbamate- or ammonium carbonate-based compound and an additive and a method for preparing the same.

Abstract: A system and method for generating a highly stable holdover clock utilizing an integrated circuit and an external OCXO is presented. The integrated circuit comprises an input reference clock receiver, a phase and frequency detector that generates an error signal between the input reference clock signal and a feedback clock signal, a data storage block that stores model parameters to predict frequency variations of the OCXO, an adaptive filtering module that includes a digital loop filter and algorithms for updating the model parameters and predicting frequency variations based on the model, a switch that enables the system to operate in normal or holdover mode, a digitally controlled oscillator, and a feedback divider.

Abstract: A method for joining two ceramic parts, or a ceramic part and a metal part, and the joint formed thereby. The method provides two or more parts, a braze consisting of a mixture of copper oxide and silver, a diffusion barrier, and then heats the braze for a time and at a temperature sufficient to form the braze into a bond holding the two or more parts together. The diffusion barrier is an oxidizable metal that forms either a homogeneous component of the braze, a heterogeneous component of the braze, a separate layer bordering the braze, or combinations thereof. The oxidizable metal is selected from the group Al, Mg, Cr, Si, Ni, Co, Mn, Ti, Zr, Hf, Pt, Pd, Au, lanthanides, and combinations thereof.

Abstract: Gate-driving circuitry of a thin film transistor array panel is formed on the same plane as a display area of the transistor array panel. The gate-driving circuitry includes driving circuitry and signal lines having apertures. Thus, a sufficient amount of light, even though illuminated from the thin film transistor array panel side, can reach a photosetting sealant overlapping at least in part the gate-driving circuitry. The thin film transistor array panel and the counter panel are put together air-tight and moisture-tight. Consequently, the gate-driving circuitry can avoid corrosion by moisture introduced from outside. Gate-driving circuitry malfunctions can also be reduced.

Abstract: A cyclone dust-collecting apparatus to separate dust from air drawn in through a suction port body of a vacuum cleaner using a centrifugal force and to collect the separated dust is provided. The cyclone dust-collecting apparatus includes a primary cyclone unit to separate dust from air drawn in through the suction port body; a secondary cyclone unit disposed inside the primary cyclone unit to separate dust from air discharged from the primary cyclone unit; and a tertiary cyclone unit disposed above the primary cyclone unit at an angle different from the primary and secondary cyclone units.

Abstract: A method is provided for transmitting a MAP message in a wireless communication system. A base station transmits the MAP message including operation mode information indicating a data burst allocation scheme, to a mobile station. The mobile station identifies a data burst according to the operation mode information included in the MAP message received from the base station.

Abstract: Phase-changeable memory devices include a lower electrode electrically connected to an impurity region of a transistor in a substrate and a programming layer pattern including a first phase-changeable material on the lower electrode. An adiabatic layer pattern including a material having a lower thermal conductivity than the first phase-changeable material is on the programming layer pattern and an upper electrode is on the adiabatic layer pattern.

Abstract: A method and apparatus to record data on an optical recording medium include generating a recording waveform having an erase pattern comprising a multi-pulse having a high level which is higher than an erase power level and a low level which is lower than the erase power level. A power level of a leading one of the multi-pulse of the erase pattern and a power level between an end of the erase pattern and a start point of a leading pulse of a recording pattern are controlled to be the low level and the high level, respectively, the high level and the high level, respectively, the high level and the low level, respectively, or the low level and the low level, respectively.

Abstract: A display device including plural pixels, plural scan lines for applying scan signals to the pixels, plural first data lines for transmitting first data currents to the pixels, a scan driver for outputting the scan signals, a demultiplexer including plural demultiplexing circuits for demultiplexing second data currents into the first data currents, and for transmitting the first data currents to the plural first data lines, and a data driver for transmitting the second data currents. A demultiplexing circuit demultiplexes one of the second data currents into at least two first data currents, and transmits them to at least two first data lines. The number of the at least two first data lines is an integer multiple of the number of sub-pixels in each pixel. A display device and a demultiplexer having a simple structure data driver, where a stationary pattern due to demultiplexing is reduced or eliminated, can be provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to method and apparatus of providing data stream together with program specific information (PSI) requisite for data stream selecting, separating, and decoding of a digital TV set. The present invention, when transmitting PSI to a digital TV set, measures time length of the PSI, creates time information preceding a transport time of the first TP belonging to data stream by the measured time length, converts PSI to at least one TP the created time information is added to, and transmits the converted PSI TPs before data stream TPs. Owing to the PSI provided along with a digital data stream, the digital data stream from a recording medium can be selected, separated, and decoded at a digital TV set without data loss. Furthermore, even though PSI is additionally provided, continuity among time information written successive TPs of PSI and data stream is always ensured.

Abstract: A phase change memory device includes a semiconductor substrate having a plurality of bar-type active areas. A plurality of word lines are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the active areas on the semiconductor substrate, and a first pair of the word lines connected to each other at each first end thereof is arranged alternately with a second pair of the word lines connected to each other at each second end thereof opposite to the first end. Source areas and drain areas are formed in the active areas. Common source areas are each connected to the source areas. A plurality of lower electrodes are connected to the respective drain areas. Phase change layers make contact with every two diagonally adjoining lower electrodes. Upper electrodes are formed on the phase change layers, and bit lines are arranged in a direction of the active areas and are connected to the upper electrodes.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for performing offset compensation, and a computer-readable recording medium for performing the offset compensation are disclosed. The offset compensation apparatus for use in an optical zoom lens system includes: a lens unit including a zoom lens and a focus lens; a lens conveyance unit for conveying the zoom lens and the focus lens; an offset measurement unit for measuring an offset of the zoom lens and an offset of the focus lens; an offset verifier for verifying the measured offset data of the zoom lens and the focus lens; and a controller for controlling the zoom lens and the focus lens according to the verified offset data.

Abstract: A dispenser for a liquid crystal display panel includes a syringe for applying a dispensing material to a substrate through a nozzle provided at one end portion thereof, a cap unit provided at the other end portion of the syringe, a gas supply unit for supplying a gas to the syringe through a gas pipe penetrating the cap unit, a valve provided in the gas pipe, a detecting unit for detecting a residual quantity of the dispensing material remaining in the syringe through a flow amount of gas supplied from the gas supply unit to the syringe and a controller for controlling the gas supply unit, the valve and the detecting unit.

Abstract: A method of wiring data transmission lines between a CPU including CPU data pins identified by a set of pin numbers and a DRAM including DRAM data pins also identified by the set of pin numbers, the method including connecting the CPU data pins to the DRAM data pins with data transmission lines including unit-bit data transmission lines so that the unit-bit data transmission lines do not cross each other and without matching the pin numbers of the CPU data pins to the pin numbers of the DRAM data pins.