Abstract: A circuit connection control system of a fuel cell includes a point connection portion to which an anode current collecting portion and a cathode current collecting portion of each unit cell are electrically connected, a voltage measuring unit that measures an output voltage of each unit cell, a switching unit connecting the anode current collecting portions and the cathode current collecting portions of the plurality of unit cells at the point connection portion; and a DC-DC converter that converts a voltage generated from the fuel cell to a predetermined voltage. A method of operating the circuit connection control system includes measuring an output voltage of each unit cell; detecting a first unit cell showing an output voltage lower than a predetermined first voltage; and connecting the first unit cell in parallel to a second unit cell.

Abstract: A system measures reflectance in a scene. A first optical sensor is configured to measure incident energy at a location in a scene. A second optical sensor is configured to measure reflected energy from the location in the scene. The incident energy and the reflected energy are analyzed to determine a photometric property at the location of the scene.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a housing of an electronic device having a plurality of hidden ventilation holes, which comprises an intermediate frame, an upper shell and a lower shell, wherein the intermediate frame comprises an upright flange along the outer edges thereof, the upper shell and the lower shell respectively have its edge secured to an inner edge inside the flange of the intermediate frame, the upper shell and the lower shell both comprise a plurality of spaced cavities formed along the edge of the upper shell and the lower shell, and both the cavities are concealed behind the flange when the intermediate frame is assembled with the upper shell and the lower shell respectively, so as to maintain a structural strength of the housing and to be looked aesthetic.

Abstract: A computer implemented method for facilitating the root cause analysis of an event through spatial and pattern recognition. Alarms can be graphically represented in an alarm summary screen by individual colored rectangles with different luminance and patterns and are organized into categories, which are used to form logical alarm clusters that provide spatial advantage, wherein the size and color of the rectangle defines its priority and precedence. The summary screen also provides operators with strong visual cues, a play forward feature to project how alarms might evolve if particular actions are taken and a play backward feature that can replay the sequence of alarms.

Abstract: Disclosed is a digital broadcasting transmission/reception system having an improved reception performance and a signal-processing method thereof. A digital broadcasting transmitter comprises a TS stream generator for inputting robust and normal packets having stuff bytes in predetermined positions and generating dual TS stream by inserting the robust packets between the normal packets; a randomizer for randomizing the dual TS stream; a stuff byte exchanger for replacing the stuff bytes of a randomized data streams from the randomizer to a predetermined known data; and an encoder for encoding a data streams to which the known data is inserted. Accordingly, the present invention detects the known data from a signal received from a reception side and uses the detected known data for synchronization and equalization, so that the digital broadcasting reception performance can be improved at poor multipath channels.

Abstract: Disclosed is a system for detecting a protease inside a cell. In one embodiment, the system includes a chimeric protein that comprises as covalently linked components: 1) at least one optionally masked signal protein; 2) at least one protease-specific cleavage site; and 3) at least one detectable amino acid sequence. The invention has a wide spectrum of applications including use in the detection of novel protease inhibitors inside cells and tissue.

Abstract: Inorganic nanofibers comprise an inorganic matrix material surface functionalized with at least one metal oxide in crystalline form. Crystal growth on external surfaces may occur in substantial alignment with a longitudinal axis of the nanofibers, and the crystals are typically between about 10.0 nm and 30.0 nm in size. The nanofibers may be hollow (i.e., nanotubes) or they may be randomly dispersed together in the form of a nanofiber mat. Methods for making the nanofibers comprise spinning a dispersion comprising linear polymers and metal oxide precursors.

Abstract: Provided are a filtering method and apparatus for removing blocking artifacts and ringing noise. The filtering method includes transforming video data on a block-by-block basis, and detecting the presence of an edge region in the video data by checking the distribution of values obtained by the transformation. Accordingly, it is possible to completely remove blocking artifacts and/or ringing noise by more effectively detecting the presence of an edge region in video data.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide a high voltage transfer circuit, a row decoder circuit comprising the high voltage transfer circuit, and a non-volatile semiconductor memory device comprising the high voltage transfer circuit. In one embodiment, the invention provides a high voltage transfer circuit of a semiconductor memory device comprising a high voltage switch comprising a high voltage transistor comprising a first terminal connected to a boosted voltage via a first depletion-type transistor and comprising a second terminal connected to an output node via a second depletion-type transistor. The high voltage transfer circuit further comprises a driver circuit adapted to drive the first and second depletion-type transistors and the high voltage transistor in response to an input signal.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a CMOS thin film transistor includes: providing a substrate; forming an amorphous silicon layer on the substrate; performing a first annealing process on the substrate and crystallizing the amorphous silicon layer into a polysilicon layer; patterning the polysilicon layer to form first and second semiconductor layers; implanting first impurities into the first and second semiconductor layers; implanting second impurities into the first or second semiconductor layer; and performing a second annealing process on the semiconductor layers to remove the metal catalyst remaining in the first or second semiconductor layer, on which the second impurities are implanted, wherein the first impurities are implanted at a dose of 6×1013/cm2 to 5×1015/cm2, and the second impurities are implanted at a dose of 1×1011/cm2to 3×1015/cm2.

Abstract: A memory device includes a gate stack on a substrate. The gate stack is disposed between a source and a drain. The gate stack includes a tunneling film, storage node, and control oxide film. A thickness of the control oxide film is greater than or equal to about 5 nm and less than or equal to about 30 nm. A method of manufacturing a memory device, including a gate stack on a substrate, wherein the gate stack is disposed between a source and a drain, includes: sequentially forming a tunneling film, a first silicon-rich oxide film, and a control oxide film on the substrate, wherein the first silicon-rich oxide film comprises a SiOx film (1.5<x<1.7); converting the first silicon-rich oxide film into a silicon oxide (SiO2) film comprising silicon nano-crystals; and patterning the control oxide film, the silicon oxide film, and the tunneling film to form the gate stack.

Abstract: A semiconductor package assembly including a molded leadless package (MLP) having an exposed top emitter pad and an exposed bottom source pad. A folded heat sink is attached to the exposed top emitter pad of the MLP by a soft solder attach process. The folded heat sink has a planar member generally coextensive in size with the MLP and in electrical and thermal contact with the top emitter pad of the MLP, and also has one or more leads extending generally perpendicularly to the planar member in a direction towards the lower surface of the MLP. These heat sink leads may provide the emitter connection to a printed circuit (PC) board.

Abstract: A lifting pump for manganese nodules includes: a cylindrical body that is sealed at upper and lower portions thereof by a semi-spherical upper cap having a fluid outflow port and a cable insertion tube, and by a semi-spherical lower cap to which an inflow case of a pump unit is coupled; a pumping motor that has a fluid passage formed between an inner surface of the body and an outer surface thereof, is vertically fixed in the body, and drives the pump unit using electric power supplied through a cable; a cover that provides a seal around a shaft of the pumping motor; the pump unit that is installed between the shaft of the pumping motor and the semi-spherical lower cap, is driven by the rotation of the pumping motor, and lifts seawater together with the manganese nodules; a sealing means that provides a seal between the pumping motor and the pump unit; and a reducer that is coupled to the bottom of the pump unit and guides the seawater including the manganese nodules to the pump unit.

Abstract: A display system and method of a portable phone using an external display device are provided, in which application data is displayed, a user input information presentation mode is activated while the application data is displayed, and a user input information corresponding to a signal is presented on the application data, if the signal is input in the user input information presentation mode.

Abstract: The present invention relates to certain esters of substituted 3-aminopropane phosphinic acid derivatives of formula I: wherein R, R1 and R2 are as defined herein. The compounds of this invention are useful in treating a variety of diseases including but not limited to depression, anxiety, certain psychiatric symptoms, cognitive impairment and schizophrenia.

Abstract: Provided is a flat panel display device and a method for fabricating the same. The flat panel display device comprises a first substrate, a light emitting unit, a second substrate, and insulating films. The light emitting unit comprises thin film transistors positioned on the first substrate, a first electrode electrically connecting with the thin film transistors, a second electrode facing the first electrode, and an emission layer or a liquid crystal layer interposed between the first and second electrodes. The second substrate is sealed with the first substrate by an ultraviolet curing sealant, and has a greater thermal expansion coefficient than the first substrate. The insulating films are positioned on one or more surfaces of the first and/or second substrates.

Abstract: A novel black matrix, a method for preparing the same, and a flat display device and an electromagnetic interference filter to which the black matrix is applied. The black matrix is prepared by exposing a photoactive compound to form a latent pattern of nuclei for crystal growth and treating the latent pattern of nuclei for crystal growth with a metal salt solution to give a metal particle-deposited pattern; forming an electroless Ni-plated layer on the metal particle-deposited pattern; and forming an electroless Cu-plated layer on the electroless Ni-plated layer. Exhibiting improved black tone, which is achieved only by a selective multilayer plating process, without using expensive vacuum sputtering apparatus or a photolithographic process, the black matrix can be applied to various flat display devices. In addition, due to improved electric conductivity, the black matrix can be used in an electromagnetic interference filter, without employing an additional front surface blackening process.

Abstract: Disclosed is a system and method for performing soft handover in a broadband wireless access communication system. An anchor base station transmits first information including channel assignment information of an active non-anchor base station when it is determined that a mobile station is to perform the soft handover, and when there are signals to be transmitted to the mobile station from the non-anchor base station, the non-anchor base station transmits second information including channel assignment information of the anchor base station when it is determined that the mobile station is to perform the soft handover, and when there are signals to be transmitted to the mobile station from the anchor base station, and the mobile station receives signals from the anchor base station and the non-anchor base station corresponding to the first information and the second information when it is determined that the mobile station is to perform the soft handover.

Abstract: A method of effectively compressing a test vector is introduced for testing a system-on-chip (SOC) semiconductor device. Since the number of test vectors is increased in a SOC, the number of ‘0’s is increased if adjacent test vectors are properly aligned using an ordering algorithm. ‘0000’ is considered as a single block and a counter of ‘0-group’ is incremented by one to encode each further instance of the string ‘0000’. A codeword capable of being decompressed can be generated using only a counter without using a memory block.