Abstract: A removable memory card can include a plurality of connector contacts including a Universal Serial Bus (USB) controller module power contact and a separate controller module power contact configured to provide separate mutually exclusively applied voltage to the removable memory card.

Abstract: A method for reducing or eliminating coding artifacts in video pictures processed using intra block prediction methods, for example, according to the H.264 standard. The causes of the coding artifacts are identified to be the intra prediction modes with prediction directions that are not in the direction of the raster scan. Filtering the affected blocks with a simple one-dimensional spatial filter will reduce or even eliminate these coding artifacts.

Abstract: A digital broadcasting transmission/reception system having improved receiving performance and signal processing method thereof. A digital broadcasting transmitter according to the present invention includes a data pre-processor which processed robust data and generates robust data packet of predetermined format, a TS stream generator which combines robust data packet with a normal data packet to generate a TS stream of a predetermined format, a randomizer which randomizes the TS stream output from the TS stream generator, a convolution encoder which performs convolution encoding with respect to the robust data of the data output from the randomizer, and a RS encoder which performs RS encoding with respect to the data output from the convolution encoder. Accordingly, digital broadcasting receiving performance can be improved in a poor multipath channel, while maintaining compatibility with existing transmission/reception system.

Abstract: An offset frequency estimation method includes receiving an input signal comprised of complex samples, detecting phases of the complex samples, estimating a temporary offset frequency and an initial phase from the detected phases of the complex samples using a linear regression analysis method, and estimating a final offset frequency by skipping error samples detected using the temporary offset frequency and the initial phase.

Abstract: Disclosed is an automatic gain control device in an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing system. A variable gain amplifier controls a gain of an input signal; an energy calculator calculates an energy of the input signal; a truncator accumulates the calculated energies, finds an average thereof, and generates a DC offset of the input signal; a subtracter subtracts a predefined reference value from the DC offset, and outputs a signal; and an RC filter feeds the value output by the subtracter back to the variable gain amplifier so that the value output by the subtracter may be used for an automatic gain control. The predefined reference value given to be 4.Ov is a reference power generated based on a saturation to RMS ratio for minimizing the bit error rate of the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing system.

Abstract: A slide switch (100) includes a housing (1), a plurality of stationary contacts (2) embedded in the housing, a slide member (4) moveably contained in the housing, and a cover (6) attached to the housing. The housing includes a bottom surface (10) and a plurality of side surfaces (11) therearound, and said bottom surface and side surfaces cooperatively defines a cavity. The slide member includes a containing portion (42) and an operating portion (41). A coil spring (5) is sandwiched between one end of the containing portion and corresponding side surface of the housing, and the moveable contact (3) is attached to the containing portion. The containing portion includes a rib (421) at an upper portion of an opposite end thereof for abutting against opposite side surface of the housing, and the rib is higher than the spring in vertical direction.

Abstract: A thin film transistor (TFT) array panel exhibiting reduced residual images includes: an insulation substrate; gate lines formed on the insulation substrate; storage electrode lines formed between gate lines on the insulation substrate and including a plurality of storage electrodes; data lines crossing the gate lines and the storage electrode lines; TFTs each having first to third terminals, the first terminal being connected with the gate line and the second terminal being connected with the data line; and pixel electrodes connected with the third terminals of the TFTs and including upper, lower, left, and right sides.

Abstract: There is disclosed an inspection system that combines 2-D inspection and 3-D inspection of the components of an electronic device into one compact module. The inspection system of the present invention comprises a 2-D image acquisition assembly for inspecting 2-D criteria of the components, a 3-D image acquisition assembly for inspecting 3-D criteria of the components, and a computer for control and data analyzing. The 3-D image acquisition assembly comprises a 3-D image sensor and a 3-D light source. The 3-D light source is preferably a laser capable of generating a planar sheet of light that is substantially perpendicular to the inspection plane of the electronic device. The 2-D image acquisition assembly comprises a 2-D sensor and a 2-D light source positioned above the holder. The 2D and 3D image acquisition assemblies are arranged so that the 2D inspection and 3D inspection can be done while the electronic device is being held in one location.

Abstract: A portable terminal having a sliding module includes a first housing; a second housing coupled to the first housing while facing the first housing; and a sliding module interposed between the first and second housings, for connecting the first housing to the second housing so that the first housing linearly moves on the second housing. The sliding module includes a sliding plate disposed on a surface of the first housing and facing the second housing; a first magnetic substance mounted in the first housing; and a second magnetic substance mounted in the second housing and facing the first magnetic substance. The first and second magnetic substances are arranged in longitudinal and transverse directions of the first housing, respectively, to move the first housing in the longitudinal or transverse direction of the first housing by driving force caused due to attractive and repulsive forces between the first and second magnetic substances.

Abstract: A surface mounting device-type light emitting diode (SMD-type LED) comprises a lead frame composed of a pair of lead terminals; a package housing a portion of the lead frame therein, the package having an emission window which is opened so that light is emitted through the emission window; an LED chip mounted on the lead frame inside the package; a wire for electrically connecting the LED chip and the lead frame; and a molding material filled in the package, the molding material having surface irregularities with a predetermined shape formed on the surface thereof which is exposed through the emission window of the package.

Abstract: An optical mouse employs an optical mouse controller and an optical mouse sensor. In operation, the optical mouse sensor generates an image sensing report signal indicative of a movement of the optical mouse over a surface of an object and communicates the image sensing report signal to the optical mouse controller based on a CPI resolution setting of the optical mouse sensor. To be responsive to varying applications, the optical mouse sensor detects a dynamic movement variable associated with the movement of the optical mouse over the surface of the object and controls a switching of the CPI resolution setting among at least two different CPI resolutions based on a detection of the dynamic movement variable.

Abstract: An audio and video synchronization compensation method and apparatus for smoothly compensating audio and video synchronization in an audio and video system such as a DTV and a DVD player are provided. The apparatus includes a signal decoder unit which extracts time information for reproducing a video and/or audio signal and reference operation time information of a reproduction system from an input compressed stream; a signal synchronization control unit which determines the reproduction state of a signal by comparing reproduction time information of the stream with reference time information of the system, measures the difference between the reproduction time information and the reference time information in the determined signal reproduction state, and adjusts a transition speed used to approach from a signal reproduction interval to a signal synchronization interval according to a reproduction speed value of a pattern corresponding to the difference.

Abstract: A liquid cooling device includes a base, a housing and a heat exchanger. The base and the housing enclose a chamber which receives the heat exchanger therein. Inlet and outlet for liquid are provided at the housing. The heat exchanger includes stacked flakes. Each flake includes parallel and alternately arranged first and second strips each having a void defined therein. The flakes are stacked in a manner such that each first strip overlays and abuts against a corresponding second strip of an adjacent flake and that the void in each first strip and the void in the corresponding second strip of the adjacent flake are in fluid communication with each other to thereby form a channel between the inlet and the outlet.

Abstract: A variable radio frequency band filter capable of varying the resonance frequency band comprises a housing having a support; a number of resonator rods arranged along the longitudinal direction of the housing; at least one tuning rod positioned on top of the resonator rods; a tuning support extending through the respective tuning rods along the longitudinal direction of the housing and adapted to slide on top of the respective resonator rods to vary the position of the tuning rods; and a frequency variation unit positioned on a lateral surface of the housing. The frequency variation unit being coupled to an end of the tuning support and adapted to vary the position of the tuning rods, as the tuning support is slid, according to the frequency band.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a nitrogen-regulated GATA transcription factor gene required for sugar sensing and the modulation of the expression of this gene to modulate a characteristic in a plant. The GATA transcription factor of the present invention is involved in regulating sugar sensing in plants and its expression is influenced by nitrogen status. Increased expression of this or substantially similar genes can produce plants with improved nitrogen utilization and increased yield.

Abstract: There is provided a dishwasher and a method of controlling the dishwasher. The dishwasher includes a temperature detecting unit for detecting a temperature of washing water supplied, a control unit for calculating an actual washing time in response to the washing water temperature detected by and transferred from the temperature detecting unit, and a display unit for displaying the actual washing time calculated by the control unit.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) includes an image display unit, a backlight unit that supplies light to the display unit, and an optical film unit including a diffusion sheet and a prism sheet disposed between the display and the backlight units. The prism sheet includes right angle prisms and acute angle prisms that are greater in height than the right angle prisms, which are formed together in the prism film. The arrangement of prisms enables light that would otherwise be lost inside of the display to be recycled, thereby providing an increase in the efficiency of light use by the display and an increase in the angle at which light exits it.

Abstract: A latch mechanism includes a latching member, a push member, and a sliding member. The latching member is slidably installed in a cover unit in parallel to a front wall thereof. The latching member includes a hook for engaging with a base unit. The push member is slidably installed in the cover unit parallel to a sidewall perpendicular to the front wall thereof. The sliding member is connectable with the push member, and is capable of being operated to drive the push member to push the latching member for disengaging the hook of the latching member from the base unit.

Abstract: A device and method for inputting keys in a portable terminal, where a key used for performing functions of the portable terminal can be easily input. The device includes a key input unit including keys that have at least two regions on each key wherein data are arranged on each key to correspond to each region. The device also includes a controller unit for displaying the data on one of at least two regions of a key. For example, the region corresponds to a key input when the key provided to the key input unit is inputted and thereafter, displays only data arranged on a region in a corresponding region input mode of displaying only data arranged on one of at least two regions of a key when the key provided to the key input unit is inputted or displays data set to a key group including the inputted key.

Abstract: A continuous butt welding method using plasma and laser, and a method for fabricating a metal tube using the butt welding method are disclosed. The butt welding method conducts a laser welding and a plasma welding together against an object to be welded, which has a very narrow butt space. In particular, the plasma is prior to the laser so that the object is preheated by the plasma, and then a preform is melted by a laser beam in order to accomplish the major welding. In addition, a metal sheet is bent to have a circular section so that its both ends are faced with each other, and then the faced both ends are welded using the aforementioned butt welding method, thereby fabricating a metal tube. The butt welding method and the metal tube fabricating method mentioned above remarkably improve a welding speed and productivity of metal tube.