Abstract: A cooking apparatus to effectively agitate and evenly distribute high-temperature air into a cooking chamber by use of a single driving fan and a plurality of driven fans. The cooking apparatus includes the cooking chamber, the driving fan arranged at a rear wall of the cooking chamber, a convection heater to surround the driving fan, the plurality of driven fans arranged on a circumference of the driving fan, and a fan cover having a plurality of suction holes and discharge holes. The driving fan is connected with a drive motor to rotate in accordance with an operation of the drive motor. The driven fans rotate by use of air streams generated when the driving fan rotates. The high-temperature air is evenly agitated in accordance with the rotation of the driven fans to be distributed into the cooking chamber via the discharge holes in all directions.

Abstract: The present invention is related to a negative voltage generating circuit for reliably providing the semiconductor integrated circuit (IC) with a negative voltage. An electric charge pumping device generates a negative voltage by pumping an electric charge to a predetermined level supplied to one of a first node and a second node. A controlling device provides first and second pumping clock signal being clocked alternately every predetermined interval in response to a level of the negative voltage. A pumping controller controls an amount of electric charge supplied to the first node and the second node in response to the first and second pumping clock signals. Further, a reset controller resets the first node and the second node of the electric charge pumping means as the level of the negative voltage when the first and second pumping clock signals are inactivated.

Abstract: An internal voltage converter and method is provided capable of reducing power consumption using a selective voltage reference, a semiconductor device including the internal voltage converter. A semiconductor device uses the internal voltage converter which discriminates an IVC stand-by state from a normal operation state, selects a voltage reference with low power consumption among selective voltage references in the IVC stand-by state, and generates an internal voltage.

Abstract: An on-die termination circuit with a stable effective termination resistance value and stabilized impedance mismatching. The on-die termination circuit includes: a decoding unit for decoding set values of an extended mode register set; an ODT output driver block including a plurality of output driver units connected in parallel with an output node for outputting an output signal and assigned with different resistance values; and a control signal generation block for generating a plurality of pull up and pull down control signals for turning on/off the plurality of output driver units in response to output signals of the decoding unit.

Abstract: A hand-supportable digital imaging-based bar code symbol reader comprises: an automatic object presence detection subsystem; a multi-mode area-type image formation and detection subsystem having narrow-area and wide-area image-capture modes of operation; a multi-mode LED-based illumination subsystem having independently controllable LED illumination arrays; an automatic light exposure measurement and illumination control subsystem; an image capturing and buffering subsystem; an image-processing bar code symbol reading subsystem; an input/output subsystem; and a system control subsystem for controlling the subsystems. The hand-supportable imaging-based bar code reader employs a method of intelligently illuminating objects during image capture, wherein the LED illumination arrays are independently controlled during particular moments of object illumination to generate digital images of objects which, through digital image analysis, are determined to be substantially free of noise (i.e.

Abstract: A portable flood-barrier-system can include a portable block of substantial mass; and a deflatable bladder, a first portion of which is disposed on a substrate; the block being disposed at least partly on the first portion of the bladder so as to releasably compress the first portion between the block and the substrate and so releasably hold the first portion therebetween due to friction.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of driving a liquid crystal display device that is adaptive for preventing a deterioration of picture quality. More specifically, a method of driving a liquid crystal display includes dividing input data into most significant bit data and least significant bit data, delaying the most significant bit data for one frame period, and modulating the most significant bit data in accordance with a difference between the delayed most significant bit data and the current most significant bit data, wherein the modulated data have a data width not wider than that of the input data and not narrower than that of the most significant bit data.

Abstract: A method for reducing a thickness variation of a nitride layer in a shallow trench isolation (STI) CMP process is provided, the method including forming an active region pattern in an alignment key region of a scribe lane where a device isolation film is formed at an ISO level, and forming a dummy active region pattern substantially adjacent to a vernier key pattern in the scribe lane during formation of the vernier key pattern, wherein the dummy active region pattern is spaced apart from the vernier key pattern by a known distance. Preferably, the active region pattern and the dummy active region pattern are formed prior to the STI CMP process.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent device includes: first and second substrates facing each other and spaced apart from each other, the first and second substrates having a central portion and a peripheral portion; an array layer on the first substrate, the array layer including a thin film transistor; an organic electroluminescent diode on the second substrate; a connection pattern between the first and second substrates, the connection pattern electrically connecting the thin film transistor and the organic electroluminescent diode; and a seal pattern in the peripheral portion, the seal pattern including a metallic material for attaching the first and second substrates.

Abstract: Micro-droplets of liquid confining organic molecules of interest are dried on selected planar solvo-phobic substrates under conditions facilitating segregated precipitation of the larger, less soluable analytes toward edge portions of the deposit. Micro-spectrometer imaging using white light and FTIR false color can identify points of interest, and the same optics generally directed perpendicularly to the substrates selectively captures normal Raman spectra from selected points in the deposit. The spectra are manipulated using various data techniques to extract reliable information concerning analytes present at pico-Molar levels. The selected spots can also be subjected to FTIR spectroscopy followed by MALDI mass spectroscopy to obtain a variety of information from the identical specimen.

Abstract: An optical recording/reproducing apparatus includes an optical pickup and a signal processor. The optical pickup includes an optical splitting device which splits light emitted from a first light source into a main light beam and sub-light beams which are symmetrical with respect to the main light beam and irradiates the split light beams on a recording medium, and a light detection device which receives the main light beam and the sub-light beams reflected by the recording medium, so as to detect a tracking error signal in a three-beam method and one of a push-pull method and an improved push-pull method.

Abstract: A planar light source device includes a light source body having at least one partition member in a space formed by first and second substrates, and at least one plasma container. Plasma is generated in a plurality of discharge regions that are connected to one another through the plasma container. The plasma container is disposed at a position adjacent to the partition member to receive a portion of the plasma. According to this configuration, distribution of the plasma in the discharge regions is uniform and luminance of the light generated from the planar light source device is uniform. As a result, the planar light source device implements a good display quality of the LCD apparatus.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a vertical type nitride semiconductor light emitting diode. The nitride semiconductor light emitting diode comprises an n-type nitride semiconductor layer, an active layer formed under the n-type nitride semiconductor layer, a p-type nitride semiconductor layer formed under the active layer, and an n-side electrode which comprises a bonding pad formed adjacent to an edge of an upper surface of the n-type nitride semiconductor layer and at least one extended electrode formed in a band from the bonding pad. The bonding pad of the n-side electrode is formed adjacent to the edge of the upper surface of the n-type nitride semiconductor layer acting as a light emitting surface, thereby preventing a wire from shielding light emitted from the active layer. The extended electrode can be formed in various shapes, and prevents concentration of current density, thereby ensuring effective distribution of the current density.

Abstract: A PIP processing system and method of a monitor coupled to a computer main body, include a mouse coupled to the computer main body outputting a mouse signal and a mouse input processing part provided in the computer main body coupled to the mouse, converting the mouse signal into a PIP screen control signal to control a PIP function, and transmitting the PIP screen control signal to the monitor. A PIP processing part supports the PIP function displaying a main picture as a full screen and a PIP screen smaller than the main picture. A micro controller controls the PIP processing part based on the PIP screen control signal transmitted from the mouse input processing part, and adjusts a size or a position of the PIP screen.

Abstract: A memory card includes a non-volatile memory; and a power management unit for receiving an external supply voltage to supply an operating voltage to the non-volatile memory. The power management unit boosts/bypasses the external supply voltage based on whether the external supply voltage is lower than a detection voltage and then outputs the boosted/bypassed voltage as the operating voltage of the non-volatile memory.

Abstract: A cyclone and a cyclone air purifier include a device with an inlet port structure such that a suction area through which a fluid is suctioned into the cyclone is increased, pressure loss is reduced, and a centrifugal force applied to the fluid is increased, to improve performance of air purification and to reduce noise. The cyclone includes a cylinder into which a fluid is suctioned, a guide extended from the cylinder, an outlet pipe provided in a center of the cylinder to guide a fluid that inversely rises to be discharged, and a vortex induction member provided between the cylinder and the outlet pipe to form vortex channels.

Abstract: The subject invention provides a method of treating a subject afflicted with a form of multiple sclerosis comprising periodically administering to the subject an amount of glatiramer acetate and an amount of minocycline, wherein the amounts when taken together are effective to alleviate a symptom of the form of multiple sclerosis in the subject so as to thereby treat the subject. Additionally, the subject invention provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising an amount of glatiramer acetate and an amount of minocycline, wherein the amounts when taken together are effective to alleviate a symptom of a form of multiple sclerosis in a subject. The subject invention also provides a package comprising glatiramer acetate, minocycline and instructions for use of the together to alleviate a symptom of a form of multiple sclerosis in a subject.

Abstract: A data driver including a shift register unit configured to receive a first clock signal, a second clock signal, and a start pulse, and to generate a sampling pulse, a sampling latch unit configured to receive and output bits and reversed bits of digital data, in correspondence with the sampling pulse, a holding latch unit configured to receive the bits and reversed bits output by the sampling latch unit, and to output the bits and reversed bits, in correspondence with a first enable signal and a second enable signal, and a digital-to-analog converter configured to receive the bits and reversed bits output by the holding latch unit and to generate an analog signal corresponding to values of the received bits and reversed bits.