Abstract: A method of retransmitting a data packet in a wireless communication system having multiple antennas is disclosed. More specifically, a mobile station (MS) determines a retransmission format from a plurality of retransmission formats and then informs the determined retransmission format by which to retransmit the data packet.

Abstract: Disclosed is a coated member on which a porous metal coating layer is formed and a method of producing the same. The method comprises providing the mother material, feeding powder having a metal composition, which includes at least two different metals selected from the group consisting of Al, Mg, Zn, and Sn and which is expressed by xA-(1?x)B (0<x<1, where x is a weight ratio of A and B), onto the mother material, supplying high pressure gas to the powder, applying the metal powder using on the mother material by spraying the metal powder using the high pressure gas through an supersonic nozzle, and heat-treating the coated mother material to form the porous coating layer. In the method, it is possible to freely control the pore size and porosity of the coated member. Accordingly, it is available to various members for thermal and mechanical applications.

Abstract: A method for transitioning communications of a mobile subscriber station from a serving base station to a target base station includes receiving from the mobile subscriber station a transition request message having an identifier which identifies the mobile subscriber station, and transmitting a transition request notification message having the identifier to the target base station. The method further includes receiving a transition request notification response message having information relating to capabilities of the target base station, and transmitting a transition response message having the information to the mobile subscriber station.

Abstract: A locking device is for locking a heat sink to an electronic device. The locking device includes a retaining frame and a guiding member positioned on the retaining frame. The guiding member includes a seat having a base sitting on the retaining frame, a sleeve extending upwardly from the seat, and two spaced legs descending from the base of the seat to retain the guiding member to the retaining frame. A fastener is accommodated in the sleeve of the guiding member and is kept vertical to the retaining frame by the guiding member.

Abstract: A scan driving circuit includes a plurality of stages. Each stage receives three of four clocks that may be sequentially generated, receives and delays an input signal through an input terminal, and outputs an output signal through an output terminal. The input terminal of each stage is connected to the output terminal of a previous one of the stages. Each stage includes a transistor, a switch section, and a storage section. The transistor turns off/on a connection of the input terminal according to a second clock. The switch section transfers a first voltage to the output terminal according to a first clock and prevents the first voltage from being transferred to the output terminal according to the input signal. The storage section maintains a voltage of the output terminal for a predetermined time and transfers a voltage of a third clock to the output terminal according to the input signal.

Abstract: Disclosed is a phase change memory device comprising: a semiconductor substrate formed with a first insulating interlayer having a contact hole; a lower electrode formed within the contact hole of the first insulating interlayer; an insulating layer pattern formed on the lower electrode in such a manner so as to be sized smaller than the lower electrode, thereby exposing an edge portion of the lower electrode; a phase change layer formed in such a manner so as to cover the insulating layer pattern and come in contact with the exposed edge portion of the lower electrode; and an upper electrode formed on the phase change layer.

Abstract: A plasma display panel having reduced reflectance and increased luminance efficiency includes multiple discharge electrodes formed on an inner surface of a front substrate, multiple barrier ribs formed between the front substrate and a rear substrate to partition multiple red, blue and green discharge cells, and at least one red, blue or green phosphor layer in each respective red, blue and green discharge cell, where the red and the blue phosphor layers are respectively colored with red and blue pigments.

Abstract: A scan driving circuit and an organic light emitting display using the same. The scan driving circuit includes stages that each includes: a switch for turning on/off a connection of the input terminal according to a first clock among a plurality of clocks, the first clock for inputting through a first clock terminal; a switch section for transferring a first voltage to the output terminal according to the first clock among the three clocks, and for preventing the first voltage from being transferred to the output terminal according to the input signal; and a storage section for maintaining a voltage of the output terminal for a predetermined time, and for transferring a voltage of a second clock among the three clocks to the output terminal according to the input signal, the second clock for inputting through the second clock terminal.

Abstract: Provided are a robot capable of improving the computation rate by considering whether a parameter will diverge and modifying the experiment order of offspring during evolutionary computation, when the covariance of system noise and that of measurement noise are calculated for the purpose of localizing the robot by using a Kalman filter, and a method and medium of localizing a robot by using a calculated covariance.

Abstract: An electrostatic discharge protection device, and a method of fabricating the same, includes a substrate, an n-well formed in the substrate, a p-well formed on the n-well, an NMOS transistor formed on the p-well, the NMOS transistor including a gate electrode, an n+ source and an n+ drain, and a grounded p+ well pick-up formed in the p-well, wherein the n-well is connected to the n+ drain of the NMOS transistor and the n+ source is grounded. The n+ drain and the n-well are connected to decrease a voltage of a trigger and a current density of a surface of the substrate.

Abstract: A baseline can be defined using specific attributes of the network traffic. Using the established baseline, deviation can then be measured to detect anomaly on the network. The accuracy of the baseline is the most important criterion of any effective network anomaly detection technique. In a local area network (LAN) environment, the attributes change very frequently by many change agents; for example, new entities, such as users, application, and network-enabled devices, added to and removed from the LAN environment. The invention provides an improved method of establishing a baseline for network anomaly detection based on user's behaviour profiling. A user behaviour profiling is a distinct network usage pattern pertaining to a specific individual user operating on the LAN environment. No two users profiling would be the same. A group of users that have similar network usage attributes can be extrapolated using data mining technique to establish a group profiling baseline to detect network usage anomaly.

Abstract: A method of supporting operation of sleep mode in a wideband radio access system is disclosed. More specifically, a mobile subscriber station (MSS) which determines a frame offset information for synchronizing listening windows of at least one MSS that is in sleep mode, and transmits the determined framed offset information to at least one MSS.

Abstract: A memory card (100) includes a main body portion (1) and a rotatable portion (2) connected by a pair of hinges (3) to rotate around an axis extending across a width of the memory card. A conductive member (12) includes a base (121) retained in the main body portion (1) to form a SD card interface and an extension (122) extending beyond the main body portion to form a USB plug interface. The rotatable portion has a slot (2117) and a slider (22) movably received in the slot. The slider (22) includes a locking projection (2215) holding a distal end (123) of the extension at a closed position and sliding away the distal end to expose the second interface at an opened position.

Abstract: A hinge device for a portable terminal that includes a first housing and a second housing is provided. The first and second housings are connected by a hinge device at one end of the first housing, and they rotate so that the front and back faces may be reversed. The hinge device includes a first hinge base combined with one side of an end portion of the first housing, a second hinge base combined with one side of an end portion of the second housing and rotating in opposition to the first hinge base, and an elastic member providing an elastic force in a direction that the first hinge base and the second hinge base are adhered closely to each other. The hinge device facilitates a user's viewing of video, such as DMB video, and contributes to the diversification of the design of the portable terminal.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a data line and a gate line including a gate electrode on a first substrate, a first partition on the gate and data lines and including a first opening exposing the gate electrode, a gate insulator in the first opening, a source electrode on the gate insulator, a pixel electrode including a drain electrode facing the source electrode and on the gate insulator, a second partition on the source and pixel electrodes and including a second opening exposing portions of the source and drain electrodes, an organic semiconductor in the second opening, a second substrate facing the first substrate and a liquid crystal layer between the first and second substrates and having a same thickness as the second partition.

Abstract: Disclosed are a reformer with a plurality of heaters for precisely controlling the temperature thereof, and a fuel cell system using the same. The fuel cell system is constructed with an electric generator that generates electricity through electrochemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen, a pump that supply the electric generator with oxygen in the air, a reformer that supplies the electric generator with hydrogen, a water container that supplies the reformer with water, and a fuel container that supplies the reformer with reforming fuel containing hydrogen and inflammable combustion fuel.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for blocking laser beams using a human body sensor in an image projector includes the steps of: monitoring, using the human body sensor, in a projected direction in which the image projector projects on a screen laser beams corresponding to a predetermined image; when an obstacle is sensed on the screen of the projected direction, measuring a temperature value of the obstacle by absorbing infrared (IR) rays emitted by the obstacle; comparing the measured temperature value of the obstacle to a pre-set temperature range; and if the measured temperature value of the obstacle is within the pre-set temperature range, blocking the laser beams corresponding to the predetermined image by stopping driving the image projector.

Abstract: A multimode/multiband mobile station and a method for operating the same are provided. A transmission module transmits multimode/multiband signals through transmitters. A reception module receives radio signals for different services of the same frequency band among multimode/multiband signals through receivers for the same frequency band, and receives radio signals of different frequency bands among the multimode/multiband signals through receivers for the different frequency bands. As compared with the conventional mobile station, the multimode/multiband mobile station can reduce the number of receivers by making use of one receiver to receive radio signals for different services of the same frequency band. The multimode/multiband mobile station can use a duplexer of the conventional frequency division duplex (FDD) technique (e.g., wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA)) in a time division duplex (TDD) technique (e.g.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for optimizing a data rate in a wireless communication system supporting Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest (HARQ) are provided. The method includes estimating Channel State Information (CSI) of a signal to be transmitted, by using other CSIs received in a previous cycle; determining an instantaneous data rate, at which the CSI is transmitted with an optimal data rate, and the amount of redundancy information to be retransmitted; and retransmitting the redundancy information of the signal according to the amount of redundancy information and the instantaneous data rate, if a receiving end requests signal retransmission. Accordingly, the packet can be transmitted with the optimal data rate.

Abstract: Anode active materials and methods of preparing the same are provided. One anode active material includes a carbonaceous material capable of improving battery cycle characteristics. The carbonaceous material bonds to and coats metal active material particles and fibrous metallic particles to suppress volumetric changes.