Abstract: Capacity enhancement schemes are described for forward and reverse links of distributed cellular base stations consisting of a central unit and one or more remote units. In general, in one aspect, reverse link capacity is shared among remote units. The capacity sharing can be determined dynamically. The forward link capacity can also be enhanced by estimating the location of the mobile stations.

Abstract: A transmission apparatus for DS/CDMA system with MIMO antenna system is disclosed. The apparatus includes a transmitter for transmitting data by applying different scramble code to each transmitting data through a plurality of the transmitting antennas and receiver for receiving transmitted data by obtaining diversity gain based on the maximum order of the diversity in order to effectively detect data. The present invention has excellent detection performance by receiving data with full order of diversity, which is multiple of the number of receiving antennas and the number of multipath, without complicated operation such as a decision feed equalizer.

Abstract: A multilayer insulated wire having two or more extrusion-insulating layers provided on a conductor to coat the conductor, wherein at least one layer of the insulating layers is composed of a polyethersulfone resin (i), or a resin mixture (ii) made by blending: 100 parts by weight of a resin (A) of at least one selected from polyetherimide resins and polyethersulfone resins, and 10 parts by weight or more of a resin (B) of at least one selected from polycarbonate resins, polyarylate resins, polyester resins and polyamide resins; and wherein at least one layer other than the insulating layer composed of the resin (i) or resin mixture (ii) is provided as an outer layer to the insulating layer and is composed of a polyphenylenesulfide resin. A transformer in which the insulated wire is used.

Abstract: A duobinary optical transmission apparatus is provided to generate duobinary optical signals, without using an electric low-pass-filter (LPF), by restricting a bandwidth of a Mach-Zehnder-interferometer-type optical intensity modulator (MZ MOD). Alternatively, a LPF having a single pole with a single capacitor is implemented instead of an expensive LPF, thereby providing a simple transmitter with a lower production cost in comparison with a transmitter using a conventional electric LPF.

Abstract: A method of generating a net-list for designing an integrated circuit device is provided, including generating a pin template file by laying out logic elements included in the integrated circuit device, generating a pin file by assigning a serial number to the logic elements and setting power names necessary for operating the logic elements, and generating a power inform template file by grouping an internal circuit of the integrated circuit device by a unit of power, generating a power inform file by combining the pin file with the power inform template file and arranging power information which is separately applied to each logic element, generating a final power inform file by assigning correct power names to power ports, to which power applied thereto is not defined, and completing a final net-list by combining core-related information of the integrated circuit device with the final power inform file.

Abstract: A method for controlling CD of etch process defines difference between designed dimension and etched dimension as dimensional displacement and defines target value of the dimensional displacement. A plurality of samples are prepared in each group having different exposure ratios. The plurality of samples of each group are etched until etch end point is detected and then over-etched for uniform time interval after detecting the etch end point. Using etch end point and over-etch time, correlation function of the over-etch time to the etch end point time is determined and the over-etch time to the etch end point is determined using the correlation function.

Abstract: A disc cartridge including a case to form a space in which a disc is received, and a shutter to selectively open and shut an aperture formed on the case, wherein the aperture is formed only one side of the case. The size of the aperture of the disc cartridge can be reduced by half while the shutter is open, which will remarkably reduce pollution of the disc by foreign substances such as dust.

Abstract: A four-axial driving actuator for an optical pickup with improved bobbin dynamic characteristics, in which the winding starting ports for a focus coil, tracking coil, and tilt coil are separate from one another, and the winding end ports thereof are combined as a common ground. The four-axial driving actuator includes: a base; a holder fixed on the base; a bobbin to which an objective lens is fixed; spring wires connected between the bobbin and the holder; and a magnetic driving unit driving the bobbin in the focus, track, or tilt direction with a focus coil, a tracking coil, and a tilt coil, wherein the magnetic driving unit comprises a circuit unit including winding starting ports for the focus coil, tracking coil, and tilt coil, and a common ground port at which winding end ports for the focus coil, tracking coil, and tilt coil are grounded, and the circuit unit applies a voltage to the tracking coil, tracking coil, and tilt coil.

Abstract: An exposure method and apparatus for use in exposing a photoresist on a semiconductor wafer do not employ an aperture for shaping the exposure light. The exposure apparatus includes a light source unit, a reflecting mirror unit having a micro mirror array (MMA) and a control unit that controls the MMA, and a pattern transfer unit that transfers the pattern of a photomask onto the photoresist. The angles of inclination of the respective mirrors of the MMA are adjusted to reflect incident light in a manner that shapes the incident light. Accordingly, it is possible to form a pattern having the highest degree of resolution and optimum depth of focus (DOF) in the shortest amount of processing time.

Abstract: An adaptive interference suppression receiver for a DS/CDMA system includes: input signal generators outputting a part of received signals of receiver antennas that has a coding block's transfer code; adaptive filter blocks filtering a complex signal output from the input signal generators with a tab weight updated based on a constraint MMSE criterion and estimating phase and amplitude components of a specific user channel using the filtering output signal to generate a channel-estimated signal; a signal restorer combining the channel-estimated signal and the filtering output signal and restoring an original signal; a signal selector for selecting known training data signal or the restored signal; and error generators comparing the channel-estimated signal and the filtering output signal and calculating an error between the two signals.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an anode material for a battery and a preparation method thereof, and particularly to surface-treated carbon that has a large capacity and superior room temperature and high temperature cycle life properties, and that comprises a carbon core and a coating layer containing a fluorine-type organometal salt, and thus can be used as an anode material for a battery; and a preparation method thereof. A lithium or lithium ion secondary battery comprising the surface-treated carbon as an anode material has improved high temperature cycle life properties and stability.

Abstract: An arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) module monitors the quality of a wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) multi-channel optical signal without using a special measurer in a wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) system, and a device monitors a WDM optical signal using the AWG module. The AWG module includes an input waveguide, a first star coupler, an AWG unit, a second star coupler, and an optical power measurer. The input waveguide receives the WDM optical signal via an optical signal transmission medium. The first star coupler splits the power of the received WDM optical signal and transmits split optical signals to waveguides of the AWG unit. The AWG unit processes the split optical signals so that they have phase differences which are proportional to the difference between the lengths of the waveguides included in the AWG unit. The second star coupler focuses the optical signals received from the AWG unit at different locations by causing mutual interference between the received optical signals.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for obtaining high-resolution images of rotating targets by using an image reconstruction algorithm without interpolation, are provided. The method comprises the steps of: a) acquiring initial information; b) calculating parameters; c) computing a start frequency ƒsk and a step frequency &dgr;ƒk; d) measuring data for the target to store them; e) determining whether or not the step d) is completed; f) if the determination result is negative, repeating the steps a) to e); and, if otherwise, obtaining the image; and g) displaying the image.

Abstract: A disc cartridge includes a case accommodating a disc and having an aperture hole formed on a first surface of the case so that a recording/reproducing apparatus access a recording surface of the disc, and an open hole formed on a second surface to be open to an outside of the case, a shutter opening/shutting the aperture hole and installed in the case, a disc holder installed at a side defining the open hole to move up and down and covering a gap between an outer circumference of the disc and an inner surface of the side defining the open hole when the disc holder descends, and a shutter driving mechanism moving the shutter so that the aperture hole is open/shut. Thus, a passage through which dust is introduced toward an information area of the disc, and a gap formed at an outer circumference are blocked by the disc holder so that a possibility of contamination by dust can be reduced.

Abstract: A system for estimating a traffic rate of calls in system environments providing wireless personal communication services on an open queuing network includes modules that have functions of making three sets of nodes, “log_off”, “log_on” and “active” according to the status of communication terminal equipment, observing the number of “log_on” and “active” terminals by minimum areas of each wireless personal communication service, and predicting traffic probability by minimum areas.

Abstract: A frictional variable transmission for a vehicle comprising a rotating unit rotated by an engine of the vehicle; a power-varying unit that varies, in a state of contacting the rotating unit, a rotational force transmitted from the rotating unit 21 by moving in a predetermined direction; a hydraulic clutch mounted off-center from the rotating unit, and varying between states of frictional contact with or separation from the power-varying unit by hydraulic pressure generated according to a depressed state of a clutch pedal, thereby controlling the transmission of rotational force of the power-varying unit; and a power transmitter linked to the movement of the hydraulic clutch, and transmitting a rotational force corresponding to an input state of rotational force transmitted through the rotating unit and the power-varying unit.

Abstract: An optical pickup apparatus having compatibility with a recodable compact disk (CD-R) and a digital video disk (DVD), which uses a wavelength of one of a first light beam and a second light beam according to the recording medium to be used. In the optical pickup apparatus, laser light sources emit a first light beam having a relatively shorter wavelength for the DVD and a second light beam having a longer wavelength for the CD-R, respectively. An objective lens has a predetermined focal length in accordance with the position of an information recording surface in the DVD. An optical path control unit controls the path of light beams so that the light beam emitted from one of the laser light sources is directed to the objective lens and the light output from the objective lens is directed to the optical detection unit.

Abstract: A nail care device assembly having a handle housing a power driven motor, a spindle connected to the shaft of the motor for receiving a removable grooming accessory, the main feature residing on a covered holder for storing a number of grooming accessories. The covered holder is attachable to the handle for portability and is easily detachable from the handle whenever grooming of the fingernails is initiated.

Abstract: Disclosed are concatameric proteins comprising two soluble domains, in which the C-terminus of a soluble domain of a biologically active protein is linked to the N-terminus of an identical soluble domain or a distinct soluble domain of a biologically active protein. Also, the present invention discloses dimeric proteins formed by formation of intermolecular disulfide bonds at the hinge region of two monomeric proteins formed by linkage of a concatamer of two identical soluble extracellular regions of proteins involving immune response to an Fc fragment of an immunoglobulin molecule, their glycosylated proteins, DNA constructs encoding the monomeric proteins, recombinant expression plasmids containing the DNA construct, host cells transformed or transfected with the recombinant expression plasmids, and a method of preparing the dimeric proteins by culturing the host cells. Further, the present invention discloses pharmaceutical or diagnostic compositions comprising the dimeric protein or its glycosylated form.

Abstract: A mask blank and a method of fabricating a phase shift mask from the same. The mask blank includes a transparent substrate, a light shield layer formed on the entire upper surface of the transparent substrate, and a multifunctional protective layer formed on the entire surface of the light shield layer. To make the phase shift mask from the blank, the protective layer is patterned, and the exposed portions of the light shield layer are etched using the protective layer pattern as an etch mask to in turn expose first and second regions of the substrate. The phase shift region is formed by etching a groove in the second region of the substrate while the protective layer pattern protects the light shield layer from the etchant. Therefore, undesirable residue is prevented from forming as a result of a reaction between the etchant and the light shield layer and hence, from accumulating at the bottom of a groove constituting the phase shift region.