Abstract: The present invention relates to a solar powered cathodic protection system using a photocatalyst which functions as a non-sacrificial photoanode under sunlight, wherein said non-sacrificial photoanode consisting of the photocatalyst such as TiO2 (or ZnO) and an electrolyte, is galvanically connected to a metal structure to be protected and continuously provides electrons to the metal structure, whereby the metal structure is protected from the corrosion. The solar powered cathodic protection system using a non-sacrificial photoanode according to present invention is advantageous in that 1) an external power supply is not necessary, 2) it is easy to maintain the system because the non-sacrificial photoanode according to the present invention can be installed outdoors, and 3) the photocatalyst used as the non-sacrificial photoanode is inexpensive and semipermanent.

Abstract: An axial flow fan, used for cooling the compressor and the condenser within the machine compartment of a refrigerator, is disclosed. This axial flow fan delivers an adequate volume of air to the machine compartment, and effectively reduces operational noise of the refrigerator. The axial flow fan has a hub mounted to the rotating shaft of a motor, with a plurality of blades regularly fixed around the hub, with the number of the blades being three and a diameter ratio of the inner diameter of the axial flow fan, equal to a hub diameter, to the outer diameter of the fan being set to 0.21˜0.25. In addition, the axial flow fan of this invention has a large sweep angle, a large pitch angle and a high camber ratio.

Abstract: A stacked intelligent power module package is provided. The intelligent power module package of the present invention includes a power unit including a heat sink and a control unit which is separately manufactured from the power unit and is subsequently stacked on the power unit. The power unit and the control unit of the intelligent power module package are stacked in two different ways including stacking two wire-bonded leadframes of the power unit and the control unit and stacking two separate semiconductor packages of the power unit and the control unit by using locking means formed in each of the semiconductor packages after a trimming/forming process and an electrical property test are finished.

Abstract: Disclosed are a printer head using shape memory alloy and a method for manufacturing the same.

Abstract: There is provided a metal etching mask fabrication method. Chrome is first sputtered on a silica layer and a photoresist, which is thicker than the chrome layer, is deposited on the chrome layer. The photoresist layer is patterned, a first nickel is sputtered on the photoresist pattern layer and onto a first portion of the chrome layer exposed by the patterning. A second nickel layer is formed on the portions of the first nickel layer in contact with the first portion of the chrome layer by electroplating. The photoresist pattern has side walls having acute angles to prevent contact between the first nickel layer on the photoresist and the second nickel layer on the first portion of the chrome layer. The photoresist pattern layer and the first nickel layer formed on the photoresist pattern layer are removed using a solvent, and the chrome layer is removed by dry etching in plasma using a gas.

Abstract: A system and a method are disclosed for preventing scale defects during hot rolling by hot rolling equipment having a scale breaker provided at an entry side of a finishing mill line composed of a plurality of rolling mills arranged in tandem. A descaler is provided between a first stage rolling mill and a second stage rolling mill of the finishing mill line. A cooler for cooling a hot rolled steel plate is provided between the second stage rolling mill and a third stage rolling mill of the finishing mill line. A control device is provided for controlling the descaler and the cooler to be selectively driven such that neither of the descaler and the cooler is actuated, one of the descaler and the cooler is actuated, or both of the descaler and the cooler are actuated, according to rolling conditions. Thus, the hot rolled steel plate is rolled, with its oxide film thickness at an entry side of the third stage rolling mill being restricted to not more than a limiting oxide film thickness of 5 &mgr;m.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a coating method for the preparation of a coated nuclear fuel. Particularly, the present invention relates to the coating method of nuclear fuel surface with more than two coated layers of carbides, borides or nitrides and their compounds comprising deposition or permeation steps of i) elements or mixture that can form carbides, borides or nitrides and ii) a layer of pyrolytic carbon or boron prepared by chemical vapor deposition(CVD) or sputtering in sequence or in reverse sequence, or nitrogen prepared by gas permeation in sequence, on the nuclear fuel surface. The coated layers are formed with carbides, borides, nitrides or their mixture at high temperature and pressure by a combustion synthesis.

Abstract: In an apparatus and method for injecting a recording solution of a print head, a second thin film capable of regulating deforming quantity and buckling force of a vibration plate is coupled to a thin film shape memory alloy by using a semiconductor thin film fabricating process to increase the buckling force when the thin film shape memory alloy is cooled down to be buckled to its initial bending-deformed state. Thus, the time taken for buckling to the bending-deformed state of the vibration plate after injecting the recording solution is reduced and the operating frequency is increased to heighten printing speed, and rigidity of the vibration plate is heightened to reduce a concern about a damage by an external shock.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display preventing color shift is provided. The liquid crystal display comprises: a liquid crystal layer having a plurality of liquid crystal molecules; a lower substrate disposed at one side of the liquid crystal layer and having a sub pixel defined by crossing a gate bus line and a data bus line at an interface with said liquid crystal layer and further having a counter electrode and a pixel electrode for driving the liquid crystal molecules within each sub pixel; and an upper substrate disposed at the other side of the liquid crystal layer and having a color filter, wherein an electric field parallel to the surface of the substrate and the gate bus line and an electric field parallel to the data bus line are simultaneously formed when a voltage is applied to the counter electrode and the pixel electrode.

Abstract: In an apparatus for injecting a recording solution of a print head, a buckling force of a thin film shape memory alloy is increased by a pressure lower than an atmospheric pressure when the thin film shape memory alloy is cooled down to be buckled to its initial state. Thus, time taken for refilling a liquid chamber after the recording solution is injected, i.e., an operating frequency, is increased to enhance printing performance.

Abstract: An apparatus for automatically recognizing recording time of a time-lapse recorder (TLV) in a closed circuit television (CCTV) system is provided. The automatic TLV-recording time recognizing apparatus includes: a buffer for restoring attenuation of a trigger pulse signal output from the TLV and removing noise of the trigger pulse signal to improve signal driving capability; a mono-stable multivibrator for detecting the trigger pulse signal from a signal output from the buffer and performing a retrigger function; a pulse cycle comparator for comparing the cycle of the trigger pulse signal output from the buffer with a predetermined reference value; and a recording mode determiner for determining the recording mode of the connection switching device corresponding to the recording time of the TLV based on the output data of the mono-stable multivibrator and the pulse cycle comparator.

Abstract: In a recording apparatus, one marking fluid container is cantilevered from one end at one side of a chamber. The one marking fluid container has an ejection hole and an internal passage from the ejection hole to the chamber for supplying marking fluid from the chamber to the ejection hole, whereby the marking fluid is ejected from the ejection hole by inertia upon release of flexural bending of the one marking fluid container for recording on a recording medium. Another marking fluid container extends in a second direction from one end cantilevered at an opposite side of the chamber. The one marking fluid container has a rectangular cross section transverse to the first direction for accommodating still another marking fluid container in a row. The one and other marking fluid containers cantilevered from the opposite sides of the chamber are parallel and staggered relative to each other.

Abstract: A polyester filamentary yarn having a novel internal microstructure, a polyester tire cord produced from the yarn and a process for production thereof are provided. The polyester yarn of the present invention comprising at least 90 mol % polyethylene terephthalate and having a fineness of 3 to 5 denier per filament, wherein said yarn satisfies the following i).about.iii) characteristics, after it has been treated for 3 minutes at temperature of 240.degree.0 C., tension of 0.1 g/d, said yarn satisfies the following iv).about.vii) variations of mircrostructural physical properties: i) a density of 1.38.about.1.39 g/cm.sup.3, ii) a birefringence index in amorphous portions of 0.06.about.0.09, iii) tan .delta. peak temperature of 140 .degree. C. and below, iv) the increment of a percent crystallinity (.DELTA.X.sub.c) of 10.about.20 wt. %, v) the decrement of an amorphous orientation coefficient (.DELTA.F.sub.a) of at least 0.05, vi) the increment of a long period value (.DELTA.LP) of at least 10.ANG.

Abstract: A diesel engine controller for a car is disclosed including preheating determine means for determining according to data detected during starting whether a preheating device is driven; fuel injection time determining means for deciding a fuel injection time according to the detected data; air conditioner operation determining means for determining whether the engine is overloaded or not according to the data detected when the air conditioner switch operates; idling number determining means for during engine idling, determine whether the idling number is normal according to the detected data from the transmission lever position detecting sensor; self-diagnosing means for determining whether a trouble is caused according to the detected data; and an electronic control unit for controlling the output according to respective decision results.

Abstract: A wafer transfer blade in a wafer transfer arm employed for a semiconductor device manufacturing process, includes a flat region whereon a wafer is loaded; and an end region being integral with the flat region and having a rounded side surface so as to deflect impact on the wafer when colliding with the transfer blade, to thereby reduce wafer edge chipping.

Abstract: A metabolite, e.g., ethanol, is continuously produced from low cost carbohydrate substrates by a process which comprises pulverizing the carbohydrate substrate; liquefying and saccharifying the pulverized substrate; continuously fermenting the lique-saccharified substrate in a fermentor equipped with a moving filter, in the presence of flocculent biological cells maintained at a concentration ranging from 90 to 160 g/l by using the moving filter and a culture medium to produce a fermentation product mixture; and recovering the desired metabolite from the fermentation product mixture.

Abstract: A water purifier includes a replaceable pre-processing filter, a washable membrane, and a replaceable post-processing filter through which potable water is sequentially conducted. A controller determines a total use time of the filters and membrane and compares the total use time with a reference time for replacement of the filters and washing of the membrane. When the total use time for the filters has reached the reference time, visual and audio indicators are activated. When the total use time for the membrane has reached the reference time, a valve is actuated which permits potable water to flow across and clean the membrane and then be discharged to waste.

Abstract: A method for producing protein in a cell-free system uses cell-free extract required for protein production, extracted from a biological cell. According to the present invention, a wide range of proteins can be produced economically and efficiently even in a semi-continuous operation mode, by regenerating energy source, increasing operation time of the reactor with porous solid material and using selective protein isolating means having high specific affinity to a desired protein. Thus, problems appearing in the living cell (in vivo) system due to the absence of post-translational processing can be avoided and the total production amount can be greatly increased due to prolonged operation time of the reactor and increased protein productivity.

Abstract: Disclosed is a circuit for commonly controlling the contrast and brightness of both TV and TTX pictures in a TV receiver with TTX. A microcomputer processes the user's key-input for controlling the contrast and brightness of the TV or TTX pictures to generate PWM pulses, which are integrated so as to simultaneously control the contrast and brightness of the TV and TTX pictures, one of which is selectively applied to the CRT driver 7 to drive the display.