Abstract: A method and system for providing secure data communication between two or more user terminals in a communication network is proposed. The method may include receiving, from a first user terminal, a first instruction set configured to request that a private account be converted into a group account, the private account owned by a user of the first user terminal. The method may also include generating the group account jointly owned by at least the user of the first user terminal and a user of a second user terminal. The method may also include controlling a first database to store a second information set relating to the group account, and generating a second virtual database different from the first database. The method may also include copying the second information set stored in the first database and recording the copied second information set in the second virtual database.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electrode assembly in which a negative electrode coated with a negative electrode active material on a surface of a negative electrode collector, a separator, and a positive electrode coated with a positive electrode active material on a surface of a positive electrode collector are repeatedly laminated, the electrode assembly comprising: monocells in which the positive electrode, the separator, the negative electrode, and the separator are laminated, wherein at least two or more monocells are laminated, wherein, in any one of the monocells, an expansion part extending lengthily to one side is formed on the separators, and the expansion part of the separator surrounds the monocells laminated to be disposed at the outermost layers to fix the laminated monocells.

Abstract: Provided is a hybrid bonding apparatus including a plurality of chambers, and a transferer configured to transfer a plurality of wafers between the plurality of chambers and transfer a plurality of bonded wafers to an annealing chamber, the plurality of wafers including a plurality of substrate wafers and a plurality of die supply wafers, wherein the plurality of chambers respectively includes a wafer supplier configured to store the plurality of wafers, a bonding device configured to bond the plurality of wafers, the bonding device including a bonder configured to bond dies on the plurality of substrate wafers from the plurality of die supply wafers, and a pre-annealing oven configured to primarily anneal the plurality of substrate wafers, and a processor.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electrode assembly in which a negative electrode coated with a negative electrode active material on a surface of a negative electrode collector, a separator, and a positive electrode coated with a positive electrode active material on a surface of a positive electrode collector are repeatedly laminated, the electrode assembly comprising: monocells in which the positive electrode, the separator, the negative electrode, and the separator are laminated, wherein at least two or more monocells are laminated, wherein, in any one of the monocells, an expansion part extending lengthily to one side is formed on the separators, and the expansion part of the separator surrounds the monocells laminated to be disposed at the outermost layers to fix the laminated monocells.

Abstract: An electrode includes an electrode active material layer, the electrode active material layer including an electrode active material and a conductive agent, the conductive agent including: graphene; a carbon nanotube structure in which 2 to 5,000 single-walled carbon nanotube units are bonded to each other; and carbon black, wherein the carbon nanotube structure is contained in the electrode active material layer in an amount of 0.01 wt % to 0.5 wt %. A secondary battery including the electrode is also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing botulinum toxin in various fragments to then be reassembled, for safely producing same. In the present invention, devised is a method in which: botulinum toxin is produced in fragments by cleaving light and heavy chains thereof into two or three pieces, respectively, and then combined as a full-length toxin, thereby allowing high complexity in production, due to toxicity, as well as low safety and economic feasibility, to be overcome; production of water-soluble botulinum toxin is enabled by using bacteria, thereby markedly shortening the production time as compared to existing production methods; and conjugation of the produced fragments with other proteins and nanoparticles is also enabled, thereby increasing the pharmaceutical extensibility of the toxin.

Abstract: An electrode includes an electrode active material layer, the electrode active material layer including an electrode active material and a conductive agent, the conductive agent including: a point-type conductive agent; and a carbon nanotube structure in which 2 to 5,000 single-walled carbon nanotube units are bonded to each other, wherein the carbon nanotube structure has an average length of 1 ?m to 500 ?m, and the carbon nanotube structure is contained in the electrode active material layer in an amount of 0.01 wt % to 5.0 wt %. A secondary battery including the electrode is also provided.

Abstract: An apparatus estimating a state of charge (SOC)-open circuit voltage (OCV) profile, including: a storage unit storing: a beginning of life (BOL) positive electrode (PE) half-cell SOC-OCV profile and available range (AR), a BOL negative electrode (NE) half-cell SOC-OCV profile and AR, and a BOL full-cell SOC-OCV profile and total capacity (TC), and a control unit estimating a full-cell SOC-OCV profile at middle of life (MOL), including: an AR determination module for: calculating an MOL full-cell TC while a secondary battery is fully charged/discharged at MOL, and determining the MOL PE and NE ARs so a ratio of the MOL to the BOL full-cell TCs equals a ratio of the MOL to the BOL PE ARs and a ratio of the MOL to the BOL NE ARs, and a profile management module for: estimating, as an MOL full-cell SOC-OCV profile, a differential profile, and updating the BOL full-cell SOC-OCV profile.

Abstract: A method and electrode assembly for evaluating performance of an electrode uses a negative electrode on which a negative electrode active material is applied to both surfaces of a negative electrode collector; a positive electrode on which a positive electrode active material is applied to both surfaces of a positive electrode collector and which is stacked with the negative electrode; two separators stacked between the negative electrode and the positive electrode; a reference electrode stacked between the two separators; and a second negative electrode stacked between the separator, which is relatively close to the negative electrode, of the two separators and the negative electrode.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electrode assembly in which a plurality of unit cells are disposed, wherein one of the unit cells comprises: a first double-sided electrode in which a slurry is on opposite surfaces of a first collector; a separator adjacent to the first double-sided electrode; a second double-sided electrode adjacent to the separator and in which a slurry is on opposite surfaces of a second collector; and a single-sided electrode adjacent to the second double-sided electrode and in which the slurry is only on one surface of a third collector, the one surface facing the second double-sided electrode, the single-sided electrode having a coating layer on the slurry thereof, the coating layer preventing contact between the slurry of the single-sided electrode and the slurry on one of the surfaces of the second collector that faces the single-sided electrode, the coating layer allowing ions to pass therethrough.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a battery management apparatus and method, which sets a degraded SOC region based on a SOC-based voltage difference between a charging voltage and a discharging voltage according to a SOC of a battery and estimates a degree of degradation of the battery based on the voltage difference in the set degraded SOC region.

Abstract: According to one aspect of the present invention, a group account service providing server capable of converting a private account into a group account in real time through a terminal of the host of a comprises: an account management unit configured to convert a first account into a group account when a group account conversion request for the first account of a host of a group is generated; a transaction ledger management unit configured to record change information in a transaction ledger for the group account when the change information including at least one of a transaction occurrence event and an information occurrence event is generated for the group account; a virtual ledger management unit configured to generate a virtual ledger to be mapped to the transaction ledger when the first account is changed to the group account.

Abstract: Disclosed is a refrigerator including: a second main body including a second camera configured to photograph a second storage chamber; and a first main body including a first display provided on at least one side of the first main body, a first camera configured to photograph a first storage chamber, and a first controller allowing an image captured by the first camera and an image captured by the second camera to be displayed on the first display. The refrigerator allows information about stored contents stored in a plurality of main bodies to be displayed on a single display, and thus a user may easily manage the stored contents in the plurality of main bodies.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electrode assembly in which a negative electrode coated with a negative electrode active material on a surface of a negative electrode collector, a separator, and a positive electrode coated with a positive electrode active material on a surface of a positive electrode collector are repeatedly laminated, the electrode assembly comprising: monocells in which the positive electrode, the separator, the negative electrode, and the separator are laminated, wherein at least two or more monocells are laminated, wherein, in any one of the monocells, an expansion part extending lengthily to one side is formed on the separators, and the expansion part of the separator surrounds the monocells laminated to be disposed at the outermost layers to fix the laminated monocells.

Abstract: The present invention provides a curing die for manufacturing a gel polymer electrolyte, and a method for manufacturing a gel polymer battery cell by using the same, the curing die comprising: a first die having a recessed part, which is formed inside a battery case and has a processing battery cell mounted therein and including an electrode assembly and a composition for forming the gel polymer electrolyte; and a second die coupled to the first die so as to seal the processing battery cell mounted in the recessed part.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a battery management apparatus and method, which sets a degraded SOC region based on a SOC-based voltage difference between a charging voltage and a discharging voltage according to a SOC of a battery and estimates a degree of degradation of the battery based on the voltage difference in the set degraded SOC region.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a high loading electrode, which prevents the phenomenon of the binder being lifted, does not cause drying of the electrode slurry, and does not cause damage of the electrode layer and reduction of the electrode strength at the corners in the punching is provided. The method of manufacturing the high loading electrode includes applying an electrode slurry on a release film to thereby produce an electrode layer having the release film attached thereto, punching the electrode layer having the release film attached thereto to provide a plurality of punched electrode layers, each punched electrode layer having a size of a unit electrode, separating and removing the release film from the punched electrode layers, and stacking and rolling at least two punched electrode layers on a current collector.

Abstract: A particle matter analysis device, an analysis method and a manufacturing method are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composition of long-term constant-concentration aqueous chlorine dioxide solution including dissolved chlorine dioxide, a decomposition inhibitor for dissolved chlorine dioxide, and a pH modifier, and a method for preparing the same.

Abstract: An electric vehicle having a watt-hour meter, according to one embodiment of the present invention, can comprise: a battery provided in the electric vehicle; a connector provided in the electric vehicle, and connected to an electric vehicle charger in a wired manner or a short-range wireless manner so as to receive power from the electric vehicle charger and deliver the power to the battery or to receive power from the battery and deliver the power to the electric vehicle charger; a watt-hour meter provided in the electric vehicle and measuring power delivered through the connector; and an output unit provided in the electric vehicle and outputting or remotely transmitting measurement data of the watt-hour meter.