Abstract: A working machine such as a wheel loader for moving a load measures the weight of the load accurately. While the load is lifted by a boom of the working machine, a boom angle (?) and a pressure value (P) of a boom cylinder are measured and a boom angular speed (?) is calculated. A corrected factor (?) is determined according to the boom angular speed (?), and a corrected pressure value (P?) is calculated from “P?=P???.” A predetermined table is referred to and the weight (W) of the load is determined based on the boom angle (?) and the corrected pressure value (P) of the boom cylinder. Further, calibrations are performed as needed, and each time when a calibration is made, the average value of the calibrated value and the preceding calibrated value is calculated and data is rewritten to this average value.

Abstract: A spin-injection magnetic random access memory of an aspect of the present invention includes a magnetoresistive element, a unit which writes data into the magnetoresistive element by use of spin-polarized electrons generated by a spin-injection current and which applies, to the magnetoresistive element, a magnetic field of a direction of a hard magnetization of the magnetoresistive element during the writing.

Abstract: A TMR device comprising an antiferromagnetic layer made of an antiferromagnetic material containing Mn, a magnetization fixed layer made of a ferromagnetic material, a tunnel barrier layer made of a dielectric material, and a magnetization free layer made of a ferromagnetic material. An insulator material layer is inserted in the magnetization fixed layer at a distance from the antiferromagnetic material layer and the tunnel barrier layer. One material can be expressed by NX, where X is a first element selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen and carbon; and N is a second element, provided that the bonding energy between the first and the second elements is higher than the bonding energy between manganese and the first element. A second material can be expressed by MX, where M is an element selected from the group consisting of titanium, tantalum, vanadium, aluminum, europium, and scandium; and X is an element selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen and carbon.

Abstract: A magnetic switching element includes a ferromagnetic layer which is substantially pinned in magnetization in one direction; and a magnetic semiconductor layer provided within a range where a magnetic field from the ferromagnetic layer reaches, where the magnetic semiconductor layer changes its state from a paramagnetic state to a ferromagnetic state by applying a voltage thereto, and a magnetization corresponding to the magnetization of the ferromagnetic layer is induced in the magnetic semiconductor layer by applying a voltage to the magnetic semiconductor layer.

Abstract: A sound absorbing body 40 has a molded body 44 including two unexpanded layers 41, 42 and an expanded layer 43 having a number of voids and held between these unexpanded layers 41, 42, a plurality of holes 41A of a depth that passes through the unexpanded layer 41 and does not reach the other unexpanded layer 42 are formed at any positions on the molded body 44, a cross-sectional area of the hole 41A is in the range from 0.785 to 314 mm2, and the pitch is 1 mm or larger. Laminating a plurality of materials is not required, and both the sound absorbing capability and sound insulating capability can be secured by integral molding, and further, only unpleasant sounds can selectively be absorbed.

Abstract: A TMR device comprising an antiferromagnetic layer made of an antiferromagnetic material containing Mn, a magnetization fixed layer made of a ferromagnetic material, a tunnel barrier layer made of a dielectric material, and a magnetization free layer made of a ferromagnetic material. An insulator material layer is inserted in the magnetization fixed layer at a distance from the antiferromagnetic material layer and the tunnel barrier layer. One material can be expressed by NX, where X is a first element selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen and carbon; and N is a second element, provided that the bonding energy between the first and the second elements is higher than the bonding energy between manganese and the first element. A second material can be expressed by MX, where M is an element selected from the group consisting of titanium, tantalum, vanadium, aluminum, europium, and scandium; and X is an element selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen and carbon.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a magnetoresistive effect element, which has a large MR ratio, excellent thermostability and a small switching magnetic field even if its size is decreased, and a magnetic memory using the magnetoresistive effect element. The magnetoresistive effect element includes: a storage layer formed by stacking a plurality of ferromagnetic layers via non-magnetic layers; a magnetic film having at least one ferromagnetic layer; and a tunnel barrier layer provided between the storage layer and the magnetic film. Each of the ferromagnetic layers of the storage layer is formed of an Ni—Fe—Co ternary alloy. A peak-to-peak maximum surface roughness on each of an interface between the storage layer and the tunnel barrier layer and an interface between the magnetic film and the tunnel barrier layer is 0.4 nm or less.

Abstract: A magnetic switching element includes: a ferromagnetic layer which is substantially pinned in magnetization in one direction; and a magnetic semiconductor layer provided within a range where a magnetic field from the ferromagnetic layer reaches, where the magnetic semiconductor layer changes its state from a paramagnetic state to a ferromagnetic state by applying a voltage thereto, and a magnetization corresponding to the magnetization of the ferromagnetic layer is induced in the magnetic semiconductor layer by applying a voltage to the magnetic semiconductor layer.

Abstract: A magnetoresistive element has a ferromagnetic double tunnel junction having a stacked structure of a first antiferromagnetic layer/a first ferromagnetic layer/a first dielectric layer/a second ferromagnetic layer/a second dielectric layer/a third ferromagnetic layer/a second antiferromagnetic layer. The second ferromagnetic layer that is a free layer consists of a Co-based alloy or a three-layered film of a Co-based alloy/a Ni—Fe alloy/a Co-based alloy. A tunnel current is flowed between the first ferromagnetic layer and the third ferromagnetic layer.

Abstract: A spin MOSFET includes: a semiconductor substrate; a first magnetic film formed on the semiconductor substrate and including a first ferromagnetic layer, a magnetization direction of the first ferromagnetic layer being pinned; a second magnetic film formed on the semiconductor substrate to separate from the first magnetic film and including a magnetization free layer, a first nonmagnetic layer being a tunnel insulator and provided on the magnetization free layer, and a magnetization pinned layer provided on the first nonmagnetic layer, a magnetization direction of the magnetization free layer being changeable and a magnetization direction of the magnetization pinned layer being fixed; a gate insulating film provided at least on the semiconductor substrate between the first magnetic film and the second magnetic film; and a gate electrode formed on the gate insulating film.

Abstract: A spin memory includes a magneto-resistance element having a first ferromagnetic layer in which a magnetization direction is pinned, a second ferromagnetic layer in which a magnetization direction changes, and a first nonmagnetic layer between the first and second ferromagnetic layers, a lower electrode and an upper electrode extending in a direction between 45 degrees and 90 degrees relative to an axis of hard magnetization of the second ferromagnetic layer, and sandwiching the magneto-resistance element at one end in a longitudinal direction, a switching element connected to another end in a longitudinal direction of the lower electrode, and a bit line connected to another end in a longitudinal direction of the upper electrode, wherein writing is carried out by supplying spin-polarized electrons to the second ferromagnetic layer and applying a magnetic field from the lower electrode and the upper electrode to the second ferromagnetic layer.

Abstract: A write word line is disposed right under a MTJ element. The write word line extends in an X direction, and side and lower surfaces of the write word line are coated with a hard magnetic material and yoke material. The hard magnetic material is magnetized by a surplus current passed through the write word line, and a characteristic of the MTJ element is corrected by residual magnetization. A data selection line (read/write bit line) is disposed right on the MTJ element. The data selection line extends in a Y direction intersecting with the X direction, and a part of the surface of the data selection line is coated with the yoke material.

Abstract: It is possible to obtain excellent heat stability even though the element is miniaturized and keep stable magnetic domains even though switching is repeated any number of times. A magneto-resistive effect element includes: a magnetization-pinned layer including a magnetic film having a spin moment oriented in a direction perpendicular to a film surface thereof and pinned in the direction; a magnetic recording layer having a spin moment oriented in a direction perpendicular to a film surface thereof; a nonmagnetic layer formed between the magnetization-pinned layer and the magnetic recording layer; and an anti-ferromagnetic film formed on at least side surfaces of the magnetization-pinned layer.

Abstract: A magnetoresistive element has a ferromagnetic double tunnel junction having a stacked structure of a first antiferromagnetic layer/a first ferromagnetic layer/a first dielectric layer/a second ferromagnetic layer/a second dielectric layer/a third ferromagnetic layer/a second antiferromagnetic layer. The second ferromagnetic layer that is a free layer consists of a Co-based alloy or a three-layered film of a Co-based alloy/a Ni—Fe alloy/a Co-based alloy. A tunnel current is flowed between the first ferromagnetic layer and the third ferromagnetic layer.

Abstract: It is possible to obtain excellent heat stability even though the element is miniaturized and keep stable magnetic domains even though switching is repeated any number of times. A magneto-resistive effect element includes: a magnetization-pinned layer including a magnetic film having a spin moment oriented in a direction perpendicular to a film surface thereof and pinned in the direction; a magnetic recording layer having a spin moment oriented in a direction perpendicular to a film surface thereof; a nonmagnetic layer formed between the magnetization-pinned layer and the magnetic recording layer; and an anti-ferromagnetic film formed on at least side surfaces of the magnetization-pinned layer.

Abstract: In order to provide a long-life, highly-reliable guide apparatus which exhibits dustproof performance and prevents intrusion of dust into the moving block in environments where there are lots of fine dust such as gypsum and ceramic powder and where no oil contents or oil contents are not liked, there is provided a guide apparatus having a track rail 11, in which rolling-element raceway grooves 12-1 to 12-4 are formed along a longitudinal direction thereof, and a moving block 20 attached to the track rail by way of a plurality of rolling elements in a relatively-movable manner, wherein an end-face dustproof brush 25, which has a brush member 36 whose tip end contacts a surface of the track rail 11 and which eliminates extraneous matters adhering to the surface of the track rail 11 by means of the brush member 36, is attached to outside of each of the side covers 22 with respect to the direction of relative movement.

Abstract: It is possible to provide a magnetoresistive effect element which has thermal stability even if it is made fine and in which the magnetization in the magnetic recording layer can be inverted at a low current density. A magnetoresistive effect element includes: a magnetization pinned layer having a magnetization pinned in a direction; a magnetization free layer of which magnetization direction is changeable by injecting spin-polarized electrons into the magnetization free layer; a tunnel barrier layer provided between the magnetization pinned layer and the magnetization free layer; a first antiferromagnetic layer provided on the opposite side of the magnetization pinned layer from the tunnel barrier layer; and a second antiferromagnetic layer which is provided on the opposite side of the magnetization free layer from the tunnel barrier layer and which is thinner in thickness than the first antiferromagnetic layer.

Abstract: A spin-injection magnetic random access memory according to an embodiment of the invention includes a magnetoresistive element having a magnetic fixed layer whose magnetization direction is fixed, a magnetic recording layer whose magnetization direction can be changed by injecting spin-polarized electrons, and a tunnel barrier layer provided between the magnetic fixed layer and the magnetic recording layer, a bit line which passes spin-injection current through the magnetoresistive element, the spin-injection current being used for generation of the spin-polarized electrons, a writing word line through which assist current is passed, the assist current being used for the generation of an assist magnetic field in a magnetization easy-axis direction of the magnetoresistive element, and a driver/sinker which determines a direction of the spin-injection current and a direction of the assist current.

Abstract: A resin-made interior member for an opening and closing body of the invention is a resin-made interior member to be attached to an inside of an outer panel of the opening and closing body and is formed by an injection molding method using a molding material of polypropylene type resin containing a reinforcing fiber and rubber and by properly setting the respective contents of the reinforcing fiber and the rubber component, the modulus of bend elasticity is improved by blending the reinforcing fiber without being accompanied with deterioration of the moldability as the material resin and the appearance of the molded product to improve rigidity of the interior member and impact resistance is assured by blending the rubber component to give the interior member with good moldability and appearance in form of the molded product and having a required rigidity and impact resistance.

Abstract: The magnetic memory includes a plurality of memory cells, each memory cell including: at least one writing wire; at least one data storage portion, provided on at least one portion of an outer periphery of the writing wire, which comprises a ferromagnetic material whose magnetization direction can be inverted by causing a current to flow in the writing wire; and at least one magneto-resistance effect element, disposed in the vicinity of the data storage portion, which senses the magnetization direction of the data storage portion.