Abstract: A method for programming a memory device comprises the following steps: performing an interleaving programming, including: programming a first memory cell during a first time interval and correspondingly verifying the first memory cell during a second time interval; programming a second memory cell during a third time interval and correspondingly verifying the second memory cell during a fourth time interval between the first and second time intervals; and inserting at least one dummy cycle between the first and second time intervals to ensure that a resistance change per unit of time of the first memory cell is less than a threshold.

Abstract: A memory device and an erase method for the memory device are provided. The memory device includes plural blocks and a controller. The plural blocks include at least one first block and at least one second block. The erase method is controlled by the controller and includes the following steps. A first stage erase operation and a second stage erase operation are sequentially performed on the at least one first block in a first time interval and a second time interval. The first stage erase operation and the second stage erase operation are sequentially performed on the at least one second block in the second time interval and a third time interval.

Abstract: A memory device includes a memory controller and a non-volatile memory communicatively coupled to the memory controller and storing a mapping table and a journal table. The memory controller is configured to write data and a logical address of the data into the non-volatile memory, load mapping information related to the logical address of the data from the mapping table of the non-volatile memory into a mapping cache of the memory controller, update the mapping cache with an updated mapping relationship between the logical address of the data and a physical address of the data, and perform a journaling operation to write the updated mapping relationship into the journal table.

Abstract: A memory device and an erase method for the memory device are provided. The memory device includes plural blocks and a controller. The plural blocks include at least one first block and at least one second block. The erase method is controlled by the controller and includes the following steps. A first stage erase operation and a second stage erase operation are sequentially performed on the at least one first block in a first time interval and a second time interval. The first stage erase operation and the second stage erase operation are sequentially performed on the at least one second block in the second time interval and a third time interval.

Abstract: A charging apparatus with dynamical charging power is configured to charge an electric vehicle. The charging apparatus includes a main power conversion unit, an auxiliary power conversion unit, and a control unit. The main power conversion unit receives an AC power and converts the AC power into a main output power. The auxiliary power conversion unit receives an auxiliary DC power and converts the auxiliary DC power into an auxiliary output power. The control unit controls maximum output power of the main output power to be an upper-limit output power value. When a charging power value of charging the electric vehicle is greater than the upper-limit output power value, the control unit dynamically controls the auxiliary output power according to a power difference value between the charging power value and the upper-limit output power value.

Abstract: An audio playback device is provided. The audio playback device includes a magnetic module, an annular armature, a coil module and a diaphragm. The magnetic module includes a magnetic source and two yokes each connected to one of two magnetic poles generated by the magnetic source and extends to form a magnetic field. The annular armature includes a first, a second, a third and a fourth arms that form a hollow area. At least part of the first arm is located in the magnetic area. The coil module is winded on the second arm and generates two varying electro-magnetic poles according to an alternating current data signal. The annular armature vibrates according to a relation of the two varying electro-magnetic poles and the magnetic field. The diaphragm is connected to the annular armature through a driving rod to vibrate according to the annular armature to generate a sound wave.

Abstract: A soft-switching bi-directional power converter includes a main inductor, a bi-directional switch module, a first switch module, a second switch module, and a control unit. The bi-directional switch module has a bi-directional switch and a resonance inductor. The first switch module has a first switch and a first resonance capacitor; the second switch module has a second switch and a second resonance capacitor. When the bi-directional switch is controlled to occur a resonance of the resonance inductor and the first and the second resonance capacitors so that a voltage of the first resonance capacitor drops to zero, the first switch is turned; when the bi-directional switch is controlled to occur a resonance thereof so that a voltage of the second resonance capacitor drops to zero, the second switch is turned on. Accordingly, the power converter can implement the bi-directional soft switching function.

Abstract: A read leveling method for a memory device is provided. The memory device includes a first memory block and at least a second memory block. The read leveling method includes the following steps. Determining whether a block read count of the first memory block is larger than or equal to a first threshold. Detecting a page read count of a page of the first memory block when the block read count of the first memory block is larger than or equal to the first threshold. Determine whether the block read count of the first memory block is larger than or equal to a second threshold. Move data of one of the page of the first memory block to a page of the second memory block when the block read count of the first memory block is larger than or equal to the second threshold.

Abstract: An operating method for a memory, the memory comprising at least one memory block including a plurality of first pages and a plurality of second pages corresponding to the first pages, the operating method including the following steps: determining whether a target first page of the first pages is valid, wherein the target first page is corresponding to a target second page of the second pages; if the target first page is valid, performing first type programming on the target second page; if the target first page is invalid, performing second type programming on the target second page.

Abstract: A multiple-bit-per-cell, page mode memory comprises a plurality of physical pages, each physical page having N addressable pages p(n). Logic implements a plurality of selectable program operations to program an addressed page. Logic select one of the plurality of selectable program operations to program an addressed page in the particular physical page using a signal that indicates a logical status of another addressable page in the particular physical page. The logical status can indicate whether the other addressable page contains invalid data. The first program operation overwrites the other addressable page, and the second program operation preserves the other addressable page. The first program operation can execute more quickly than the second program operation. The logic can also be applied for programming multiple-bit-per-cell memory not configured in a page mode.

Abstract: Technology is described that increases endurance of memory devices through heal leveling. Heal leveling is a lightweight solution to distribute healing cycles among memory blocks. Approaches described herein can accomplish heal leveling without introducing a large amount of overhead. Heal leveling significantly improves the access performance and the effective lifetime of memory blocks. By more evenly distributing the heal count it may not be necessary to directly apply wear leveling based on access counts of each block because each block will be more evenly accessed in the long run. Heal leveling may be performed by moving data that is seldom or never modified after creation, such as read-only files, to blocks having suffered the greatest number, or a high number, of healing cycles.

Abstract: A power supply includes power modules. Each of the power modules includes an input stage configured to convert an input voltage into an intermediate voltage, and an output stage configured to output a DC supply voltage according to the intermediate voltage. Input terminals of the input stages in the plurality of power modules are electrically connected in series, and the input stages are configured to be controlled with at least one first common control signal having a common duty cycle. Output terminals of the output stages in the plurality of power modules are electrically connected in parallel, and the output stages are configured to be controlled with at least one second common control signal having a common duty cycle. A method of supplying power is also disclosed herein.

Abstract: An anti-theft charging system for charging a chargeable battery of an electric vehicle is disclosed and includes a power supplying device, an output terminal assembly, and a burglarproof detecting device. The power supplying device is used for outputting a charging energy. The output terminal assembly is electrically connected with the power supplying device and detachably coupled to the electric vehicle for receiving and transmitting the charging energy to the chargeable battery. The burglarproof detecting device includes a responding unit disposed within the output terminal assembly for issuing a response signal and a detecting unit disposed within the power supplying device and in signal connection with the responding unit for detecting the response signal. If the output terminal assembly is stolen, the detecting unit realizes that the output terminal assembly is stolen according to a change of the response signal.

Abstract: Operation methods for a memory device is provided. An operation method for the memory device comprises programming the memory device as described in follows. Data are provided. The data comprise a plurality of codes. Each number of the codes is counted. Then, a mapping rule is generated according to each number of the codes. In the mapping rule, each of the codes is mapped to one of a plurality of verifying voltage levels which are sequentially arranged from low to high. After that, the data are programmed into the memory device according to the mapping rule.

Abstract: A power supply includes power modules. Each of the power modules includes an input stage and an output stage. The input stage generates an intermediate voltage, and the output stage outputs a DC supply voltage according to the intermediate voltage. The input stages are controlled with at least one first common control signal having a common duty cycle, and the output stages are controlled with at least one second common control signal having a common duty cycle.

Abstract: A power supply includes power modules. Each of the power modules includes an input stage configured to convert an input voltage into an intermediate voltage, and an output stage configured to output a DC supply voltage according to the intermediate voltage. Input terminals of the input stages in the plurality of power modules are electrically connected in series, and the input stages are configured to be controlled with at least one first common control signal having a common duty cycle. Output terminals of the output stages in the plurality of power modules are electrically connected in parallel, and the output stages are configured to be controlled with at least one second common control signal having a common duty cycle. A method of supplying power is also disclosed herein.

Abstract: A multifunction back cover for cell phone is disclosed. The back cover is installed on a cell phone body having at least one application mode. An entity button and an electric quantity indicator are disposed on the back cover. A main controller built in the back cover cooperates with a function operation mode of the entity button and the application mode of the cell phone body. When a user presses down the entity button to switch the function operation mode, the main controller sends out a control signal. A battery is built in the back cover to provide enough power to the entity button. An electricity controller can monitor the electric quantity of the battery to control the electric quantity indicator to show the electric quantity signal.

Abstract: A source driving device, capable of reducing stand-by period and saving power consumption, includes a plurality of source drivers connected in series, which include one or more cascade source drivers. The one or more cascade source drivers include one or more first-type cascade source drivers, each of which, at different times to other first-type cascade source drivers, is respectively activated by a pulse signal generated by a previous source driver, and after the activation, is triggered by a frame signal to receive corresponding frame data in the frame signal. Each of the source drivers generates a pulse signal after receiving the corresponding frame data to activate the next source driver.

Abstract: A charging system is provided for charging a chargeable battery. The charging system includes a phase-shifting transformer and a converting unit. The phase-shifting transformer includes a three-phase primary winding assembly and plural three-phase secondary winding assemblies. After a three-phase AC input voltage is received by the three-phase primary winding assembly, the three-phase AC input voltage is decreased, so that plural three-phase AC output voltages are outputted from respective three-phase secondary winding assemblies. The converting unit is electrically connected with the phase-shifting transformer, and includes plural three-phase rectifying circuits and a DC-DC converting circuit. The plural three-phase AC output voltages are rectified by the three-phase rectifying circuits, and the rectified voltage is converted into a DC charging voltage to charge the chargeable battery.

Abstract: A soft-switching bi-directional power converter includes a main inductor, a bi-directional switch module, a first switch module, a second switch module, and a control unit. The bi-directional switch module has a bi-directional switch and a resonance inductor. The first switch module has a first switch and a first resonance capacitor; the second switch module has a second switch and a second resonance capacitor. When the bi-directional switch is controlled to occur a resonance of the resonance inductor and the first and the second resonance capacitors so that a voltage of the first resonance capacitor drops to zero, the first switch is turned; when the bi-directional switch is controlled to occur a resonance thereof so that a voltage of the second resonance capacitor drops to zero, the second switch is turned on. Accordingly, the power converter can implement the bi-directional soft switching function.