Abstract: To prevent patients from being overexposed or underexposed, it has been attempted to modulate either voltage or current in conventional single energy CT systems. The voltage modulation causes incompatibility in projection data among the views while the current modulation reduces only noise. To solve these and other problems, dual energy CT is combined with voltage modulation techniques to improve the dosage efficiency. Furthermore, dual energy CT has been combined with both voltage modulation and current modulation to optimize the dosage efficiency in order to minimize radiation to a patient without sacrificing the reconstructed image quality.

Abstract: An exemplary method for online character recognition of East Asian characters includes acquiring time sequential, online ink data for a handwritten East Asian character, conditioning the ink data to produce conditioned ink data where the conditioned ink data includes information as to writing sequence of the handwritten East Asian character and extracting features from the conditioned ink data where the features include a tangent feature, a curvature feature, a local length feature, a connection point feature and an imaginary stroke feature. Such a method may determine neighborhoods for ink data and extract features for each neighborhood. An exemplary Hidden Markov Model based character recognition system may use various exemplary methods for training and character recognition.

Abstract: A fastener includes a sleeve and a rod received in the sleeve. The sleeve includes a top end including at least one outer flange extending radially outward therefrom and at least one inner flange extending radially inward therefrom and a lower end including at least one spring tab. At least one spring tab comprises an outer flange at its end that extends radially outward. the sleeve is inserted into the receiving holes of the top article and the bottom article until the outer flange of the top end rests on the top plate, the rod is then pressed to move to drive at least one spring tab to deflect outwardly until the outer flange of at least one spring tab is held in contact with the bottom plate.

Abstract: Described is a technology by which online recognition of handwritten input data is combined with offline recognition and processing to obtain a combined recognition result. In general, the combination improves overall recognition accuracy. In one aspect, online and offline recognition is separately performed to obtain online and offline character-level recognition scores for candidates (hypotheses). A statistical analysis-based combination algorithm, an AdaBoost algorithm, and/or a neural network-based combination may determine a combination function to combine the scores to produce a result set of one or more results. Online and offline radical-level recognition may be performed. For example, a HMM recognizer may generate online radical scores used to build a radical graph, which is then rescored using the offline radical recognition scores. Paths in the rescored graph are then searched to provide the combined recognition result, e.g., corresponding to the path with the highest score.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for reconstruction of a region of interest for an object is provided. The reconstruction of the object may be based on chords which may fill a part, all, or more than all of the region of interest. Using chords for reconstruction may allow for reducing data acquired and/or processing for reconstructing a substantially exact image of the ROI. Moreover, various methodologies may be used in reconstructing the image, such as backprojection-filtration, and modified filtration backprojection.

Abstract: An exemplary method for online character recognition of East Asian characters includes acquiring time sequential, online ink data for a handwritten East Asian character, conditioning the ink data to produce conditioned ink data where the conditioned ink data includes information as to writing sequence of the handwritten East Asian character and extracting features from the conditioned ink data where the features include a tangent feature, a curvature feature, a local length feature, a connection point feature and an imaginary stroke feature. Such a method may determine neighborhoods for ink data and extract features for each neighborhood. An exemplary Hidden Markov Model based character recognition system may use various exemplary methods for training and character recognition.

Abstract: An illustrative embodiment provides a computer-implemented process for semantic verification of multidimensional data sources that receives a trusted output from a trusted multidimensional expression engine, receives an un-trusted output from an un-trusted data source and determines whether a query produces a correct semantic result, wherein the correct semantic result is within a predetermined tolerance. Responsive to a determination that the query does not produce a semantically correct result, identifies queries having semantically incorrect results to form a local subset, notifies a query planner of semantically incorrect queries and determines whether to process queries locally. Responsive to a determination to not process queries locally, creates a set of simplified multidimensional expression queries for remote execution.

Abstract: Described is a technology by which online recognition of handwritten input data is combined with offline recognition and processing to obtain a combined recognition result. In general, the combination improves overall recognition accuracy. In one aspect, online and offline recognition is separately performed to obtain online and offline character-level recognition scores for candidates (hypotheses). A statistical analysis-based combination algorithm, an AdaBoost algorithm, and/or a neural network-based combination may determine a combination function to combine the scores to produce a result set of one or more results. Online and offline radical-level recognition may be performed. For example, a HMM recognizer may generate online radical scores used to build a radical graph, which is then rescored using the offline radical recognition scores. Paths in the rescored graph are then searched to provide the combined recognition result, e.g., corresponding to the path with the highest score.

Abstract: A method of computed-tomography and a computed-tomography apparatus where the portion of the field of view of a subject were full scan data is available is reconstructed using a full-scan algorithm. In the areas where full scan data is not available, half-scanning is used. Data is also extrapolated from the full scan data. The extrapolated data overlaps a portion of the half-scanning data. The extrapolated data and the overlapped portion of the half-scanning data are feathered. The image is reconstructed using the full-scan, half-scan and feathered data. Corner regions in an image are exposed and reconstructed to produce more uniform z-coverage of the reconstruction field of view.

Abstract: A mechanism for recognizing and inputting handwritten mathematical expressions into a computer by providing part of a multi-path framework is described. The part of the multi-path framework includes a subordinate sub-expression analysis component. A method for analyzing a handwritten mathematical expression for a subordinate sub-expression includes identifying sub-expressions based on dominant symbols and determining a character for potential dominant symbols based upon sub-expression information. A determination may be made whether an expression structure candidate is valid and valid expression structure candidates may be stored in a parse tree.

Abstract: Scattered radiation is estimated by using a reduced image generated from a projection image, and the scattered radiation image of the projection image is acquired by enlargement processing. The scattered radiation correction of the projection image is executed by subtracting the obtained scattered radiation image from the projection image. In addition, when a primary X-ray image and a scattered radiation image in each projection direction are to be obtained by sequential approximation calculation, a primary X-ray image which has already been identified in an adjacent projection direction is used as a first estimated value (initially set value) in next sequential calculation.

Abstract: Exemplary methods, systems, and computer-readable media for developing, training and/or using models for online handwriting recognition of characters are described. An exemplary method for building a trainable radical-based HMM for use in character recognition includes defining radical nodes, where a radical node represents a structural element of an character, and defining connection nodes, where a connection node represents a spatial relationship between two or more radicals. Such a method may include determining a number of paths in the radical-based HMM using subsequence direction histogram vector (SDHV) clustering and determining a number of states in the radical-based HMM using curvature scale space-based (CSS) corner detection.

Abstract: Three or more materials are advantageously separated from dual energy data by using a material separation technique. To effectively separate material clusters, a density plot is introduced to automatically render cluster separations. Initially, the projection data optionally undergo data-domain dual energy decomposition. Then, the image data is plotted in a vector plot whose axes are the low HU values and the high HU values. For a given data point in the vector plot, a number of data points is counted within in a region of interest surrounding the given data point to generate a density plot where each point now represents a density level surrounding the data point. Thus, clustering of a certain material is visualized by a predetermined color assignment scheme. Furthermore, special image processing methods such as Gaussian decomposition are used to improve the accuracy of material separation.

Abstract: The application is related to compositions and methods for the treatment of hypersensitivity, wherein the compositions comprise a particle packaged with immunostimulatory nucleic acids. The compositions of the invention are particularly useful in the treatment of atopic eczema, asthma and IgE-mediated allergy (type I allergy), especially pollen allergy and house dust allergy.

Abstract: To prevent patients from being overexposed or underexposed, it has been attempted to modulate either voltage or current in conventional single energy CT systems. The voltage modulation causes incompatibility in projection data among the views while the current modulation reduces only noise. To solve these and other problems, dual energy CT is combined with voltage modulation techniques to improve the dosage efficiency. Furthermore, dual energy CT has been combined with both voltage modulation and current modulation to optimize the dosage efficiency in order to minimize radiation to a patient without sacrificing the reconstructed image quality.

Abstract: Exemplary techniques are described for selecting radical sets for use in probabilistic East Asian character recognition algorithms. An exemplary technique includes applying a decomposition rule to each East Asian character of the set to generate a progressive splitting graph where the progressive splitting graph comprises radicals as nodes, formulating an optimization problem to find an optimal set of radicals to represent the set of East Asian characters using maximum likelihood and minimum description length and solving the optimization problem for the optimal set of radicals. Another exemplary technique includes selecting an optimal set of radicals by using a general function that characterizes a radical with respect to other East Asian characters and a complex function that characterizes complexity of a radical.

Abstract: The present invention relates to combinations of PM02734 with EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors, and the use of these combinations in the treatment of cancer.

Abstract: Scattered radiation is estimated by using a reduced image generated from a projection image, and the scattered radiation image of the projection image is acquired by enlargement processing. The scattered radiation correction of the projection image is executed by subtracting the obtained scattered radiation image from the projection image. In addition, when a primary X-ray image and a scattered radiation image in each projection direction are to be obtained by sequential approximation calculation, a primary X-ray image which has already been identified in an adjacent projection direction is used as a first estimated value (initially set value) in next sequential calculation.

Abstract: A method for researching and developing a recognition model in a computing environment, including gathering one or more data samples from one or more users in the computing environment into a training data set used for creating the recognition model, receiving one or more training parameters defining a feature extraction algorithm configured to analyze one or more features of the training data set, a classifier algorithm configured to associate the features to a template set, a selection of a subset of the training data set, a type of the data samples, or combinations thereof, creating the recognition model based on the training parameters, and evaluating the recognition model.

Abstract: Fast kV-switching is a dual energy acquisition technique in computed tomography (CT) in which alternating views correspond to the low and high tube voltages. Its high temporal resolution and its suitability to a variety of source trajectories make it an attractive option for dual energy data acquisition. Its disadvantages include a one-view misregistration between the data for high and low voltages, the potentially poor spectrum separation due to the more-like a sine wave rather than the desired square wave in fast kV-switching, and the higher noise in the low voltage data because of the technical difficulty in swinging the tube current to counter the loss of x-ray production efficiency and loss of penetration at lower tube voltages.