Abstract: An optical node device includes a light receiving/emitting portion having an input port into which a signal beam is incident and an output port that emits a signal beam of a selected wavelength, a chromatic dispersion device that scatters spatially the signal beam depending on the wavelength of the signal beam, an optical coupler that focuses, onto a two-dimensional plane, beams dispersed by the chromatic dispersion device, a spatial light modulating element arranged so as to receive incident light deployed on an xy plane made up of an x-axis direction deployed according to wavelength and a y-axis direction orthogonal to the x-axis direction, and having numerous pixels arranged in a lattice on the xy plane, and a spatial light modulating element driving portion that drives electrodes of the individual pixels arranged in the xy axial directions in the spatial light modulating element.

Abstract: A wavelength selective optical switch device includes an incidence and exit part where a signal beam made of light of a multiplicity of wavelengths enters and a signal beam of a selected wavelength exits, a wavelength dispersion element that spatially disperses a signal beam according to the wavelength thereof and multiplexes reflected light, a condensing element that condenses the light dispersed by the wavelength dispersion element onto a two-dimensional plane, and a wavelength selection element that uses a multilevel optical phased array arranged in a position to receive incident light developed on an xy-plane made of an x-axis direction and a y-axis direction perpendicular thereto developed according to a wavelength, having a multiplicity of pixels arrayed in a lattice on the xy-plane, and that cyclically changes the phase shift amount in the y-axis direction to a sawtooth wave pattern for each pixel on the x-axis.

Abstract: Provision of a porous ceramic material which rapidly induces bone tissue formation and has practical strength. A porous ceramic material 11 having substantially unidirectionally oriented pores 12, a porosity of 40-90%, and an average open area of one pore of 0.05×10?3-50×10?3 mm2 both in a first sectional surface perpendicular to the pore 12 orientation direction and a second sectional surface parallel to the first sectional surface and 5 mm distant from the first sectional surface in the pore 12 orientation direction. Using the material 11, when a cylindrical test piece (diameter 3 mm×height 5 mm, the pore 12 array direction as a height direction) made of the material is dipped in polyethylene glycol up to 1 mm from one end thereof, polyethylene glycol permeates through the whole test piece preferably within 30 seconds.

Abstract: The production method of an implant material of the present invention includes step (A): a step of setting a porous ceramic material having substantially unidirectionally arrayed pores at any depth position inside a container, step (B): a step of filling the container with a cell-containing liquid containing at least bone marrow blood and/or peripheral blood, and step (C): a step of applying, on the container, a centrifugal force in the direction along the axis of the container.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of producing a porous ceramics material. The method comprises preparing a slurry by dispersing a ceramics raw material in a medium, filling the slurry in a container, inserting the container in a given direction into a cooling medium having a temperature not higher than the freezing point of the slurry such that the slurry freezes unidirectionally from one end side, drying the frozen slurry to give a green body, and firing the green body.

Abstract: In a wavelength selection element employed in an optically variable filter array apparatus, pixels in a line form are placed into a light reflection state so that wavelength-scanned light can be incident on the optically variable filter array apparatus. On the basis of the wavelength of scanned reflection light and the location of the pixel in a light reflection state at a timing of acquisition of output, the relationship between the x coordinate of the wavelength selection element and wavelength is determined. This makes it possible to achieve calibration of the optically variable filter array apparatus capable of selection of a desired wavelength with respect to a desired channel from multi-channel WDM light.

Abstract: A method for controlling a characteristic of a variable optical filter including a frequency selecting element includes changing a driving voltage for a specific pixel of the frequency selecting element continuously to produce an amount of change in a frequency that is passed through that pixel, changing a driving voltage value for a specific pixel of the frequency selecting element continuously to produce an attenuation value for a beam that is passed through that pixel, calculating, from a relationship between the driving voltage and a frequency characteristic and between the driving voltage and amount of attenuation, a function that indicates an approximated curve of no less than a second order and no more than a sixth order for expressing a relationship between a transmissivity and a frequency, and controlling the characteristic through driving a controlled pixel of the frequency selecting element based on the function.

Abstract: In a wavelength selection element employed in an optically variable filter array apparatus, pixels in a line form are placed into a light reflection state so that wavelength-scanned light can be incident on the optically variable filter array apparatus. On the basis of the wavelength of scanned reflection light and the location of the pixel in a light reflection state at a timing of acquisition of output, the relationship between the x coordinate of the wavelength selection element and wavelength is determined. This makes it possible to achieve calibration of the optically variable filter array apparatus capable of selection of a desired wavelength with respect to a desired channel from multi-channel WDM light.

Abstract: The LCOS element driving circuit is provided with a plurality of D/A converters for effecting D/A conversion on pixel data which is fed to each pixel of a LCOS element on a pixel group-by-pixel group basis and delay devices for delaying clock signals to provide timing for each D/A conversion operation. The clocks to be fed to the respective D/A converters are delayed via the delay devices to cause variation in delay time, so that output pixel signals from the D/A converters can be applied to the LCOS element in a synchronized state. This makes it possible to drive the LCOS element at high speed.

Abstract: A ligand construct containing at least two, identical or different, ligand molecules which are capable of binding to a cell surface receptor, the ligand molecules being coupled via a spacer, wherein the ligand construct has at least one functional group for binding substrates. According to the ligand construct of the present invention, the immobilization of the ligand construct to various artificial substrates is facilitated, so that an artificial matrix can be easily prepared on an optimal substrate, whereby cells can be stably cultured.

Abstract: The present invention provides an organic electroluminescence device including an organic layer comprising an emissive layer; a pair of electrodes comprising an anode and a cathode, and sandwiching the organic layer, wherein at least one of the electrodes is transparent; a transparent layer provided adjacent to a light extracting surface of the transparent electrode; and a region substantially disturbing reflection and retraction angle of light provided adjacent to a light extracting surface of the transparent layer or in an interior of the transparent layer, wherein the transparent layer has a refractive index substantially equal to or more than the refractive index of the emissive layer.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of producing a porous ceramics material. The method comprises preparing a slurry by dispersing a ceramics raw material in a medium, filling the slurry in a container, inserting the container in a given direction into a cooling medium having a temperature not higher than the freezing point of the slurry such that the slurry freezes unidirectionally from one end side, drying the frozen slurry to give a green body, and firing the green body.

Abstract: Provision of a porous ceramic material which rapidly induces bone tissue formation and has practical strength. A porous ceramic material 11 having substantially unidirectionally oriented pores 12, a porosity of 40-90%, and an average open area of one pore of 0.05×10?3-50×10?3 mm2 both in a first sectional surface perpendicular to the pore 12 orientation direction and a second sectional surface parallel to the first sectional surface and 5 mm distant from the first sectional surface in the pore 12 Orientation direction. Using the material 11, when a cylindrical test piece (diameter 3 mm×height 5 mm, the pore 12 array direction as a height direction) made of the material is dipped in polyethylene glycol up to 1 mm from one end thereof, polyethylene glycol permeates through the whole test piece preferably within 30 seconds.

Abstract: The present invention provides a light pipe for a direct-type backlight having an upper surface and a lower surface, which has: a light reflecting member provided on the upper surface; and plural light scattering members formed concentrically on at least one surface selected from the upper surface and the lower surface, wherein each of the plural light scattering members is a circular groove or a circular projection, wherein each area between respective light scattering members is substantially the same.

Abstract: The present invention relates to A backlight system including an adherend for outgoing light, an optical film subjected to embossing or roughening processing treatment so as to increase the surface area thereof, and a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer containing a pressure-sensitive adhesive polymer having a gel fraction of 35 to 85%, in which the adherend and the optical film are joined through the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer. Further, the invention relates to a process for producing the backlight system, an optical sheet with a pressure-sensitive adhesive which is used in the backlight system, and an image display and an illuminating system using the backlight system.

Abstract: A process for semiconductor device production by which the reliability of connection with bumps can be easily heightened with higher certainty. The process for producing a semiconductor device comprising a substrate having bumps formed thereon, comprises covering the bumps with an adhesive film which has a modulus of elasticity (?55° C.) of from 100 MPa to 5 GPa and has a thickness corresponding to from 5 to 40% of the height of the bumps, and then disposing the adhesive film on the substrate so that the bumps pierce through the adhesive film and come to protrude therefrom.

Abstract: The present invention provides A direct-type backlight having: a resin sealing member including at least one resin layer, which has a light reflecting section formed on the outermost surface of the resin sealing member; an optical semiconductor element sealed by the resin sealing member; and plural circular light scattering grooves formed concentrically on at least one surface of the resin layer, wherein an area of a circle in the center and an area among the respective concentric circles are substantially the same.

Abstract: The present invention is to produce an aluminum nitride powder which is turned into a sintered body at a temperature of not more than 1600° C., thereby obtaining a sintered aluminum nitride in which the density and thermal conductivity are high and which can be properly used as a substrate material. Using a vapor phase reaction apparatus shown in FIG. 1, ammonia gas was fed from a reactor 2 heated at from 300 to 500° C. and maintained at that temperature by a heating section 1 via a feeding tube 4 while being regulated by a flow regulator 3. At the same time, while being regulated by the flow regulator 5, nitrogen gas containing an organic aluminum compound is fed via a feeding tube 6 to obtain an aluminum nitride powder. The aluminum nitride powder is subjected to a heat treatment at from 1100 to 1500° C. in a reducing gas atmosphere and/or an inert gas atmosphere to obtain an aggregate aluminum nitride powder.

Abstract: An anisotropic conductive film is prepared by winding an insulated wire around a core member to form one roll of a winding layer, placing an insulating resin film on the obtained winding layer, and repeating the step of winding the insulated wire and the step of placing the insulating resin film to give a laminate alternately having the winding layer comprising a single row of insulated wires and an insulating resin layer made from the insulating resin film. A coating layer and insulating resin layer are melted to integrate the winding layer and the insulating resin layer. The laminate then is sliced along a plane forming an angle with the insulated wire in a desired film thickness.

Abstract: The invention provides a sheet for optical-semiconductor element encapsulation, which has a multilayer structure including at least two resin layers. The at least two resin layers include: (A) an outermost resin layer (layer A) that is to be brought into contact with one or more optical semiconductor elements; and (B) a resin layer (layer B) disposed on the layer A and having a lower refractive index than that of the layer A. Also disclosed is a process for producing an optical semiconductor device using the sheet.