Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide method and apparatus for monitoring event configuration. A method performed by a first mobile management node comprises receiving information regarding a first interworking service capability exposure function (IWK-SCEF) from a second mobile management node. The method further comprises determining whether the first mobile management node and the second mobile management node use a same IWK-SCEF based on the information regarding the first IWK-SCEF. The method further comprises sending an indication of whether the first mobile management node and the second mobile management node use the same IWK-SCEF to the second mobile management node.

Abstract: A first network node operating in a communications network configured to operate with indirect communication can transmit a request message addressing a first context in a first receiver to a second network node operating in the communications network. The request message can include information associated with the first context. Responsive to transmitting the request message, the first network node can receive a response message from the second network node including an identification of a second receiver associated with a second context.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method in a network node implementing a Service Communication Proxy, SCP, function. The method includes: receiving, from a first Network Function, NF, a request destined to a second NF, wherein the request comprises information on the second NF; redirecting the request to a third NF, wherein the redirected request comprises information on the third NF; and transmitting a response to the first NF, wherein the response comprises the information on the third NF.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for mobility between different communication systems are disclosed. According to an embodiment, a session management function (SMF) sends, to a service provider, a request for registering information related to the SMF to the service provider. The information related to the SMF comprises information indicating or derived from an Internet protocol (IP) address of a packet data network (PDN) gateway (PGW) control plane (PGW-C) that is combined together with the SMF. The SMF receives, from the service provider, a response to the request.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method in a Network Function, NF, producer. The method includes transmitting, to a Service Communication Proxy, SCP, a notification request for delivering a notification. The notification request contains a Uniform Resource Identifier, URI, having a predetermined service path indicating that the notification request is associated with a default notification subscription.

Abstract: The present disclosure proposes network elements (NEs), methods at NEs for facilitating data forwarding, and a telecommunications system comprising the NEs. The method at a first network element for facilitating data forwarding may comprise: receiving, from a second network element, a first message comprising a first indicator indicating that a data forwarding function is supported by the second network element. Further, the first message may be a first request message which requests registering, at the first network element, one or more functions of the second network element comprising the data forwarding function. Further, the method may further comprise transmitting, to the second network element, a first response message comprising a second indicator indicating success of the registration.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods tor an update service operation tor short message service, SMS, service are disclosed. In one embodiment, a method implemented in access and mobility management function, AMF, node (S104) includes performing an update service operation with a short message service function, SMSF, node to add or remove a first user equipment, UE, context information associated to a first access type, the update service operation indicating to the SMSF node the first access type to add or remove. In some embodiment, a method implemented in a short message service function, SMSF, node (S106) includes performing an update service operation with an access and mobility management, AMF, node to add or remove a first user equipment, UE, context information associated to a first access type, the update service operation indicating to the SMSF node the first access type to add or remove.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide methods and apparatus for authentication and authorization. A method at a session management function entity comprises determining whether to initiate a secondary authentication and/or authorization of a session of a terminal device after the terminal device moves from a first network to a second network or from the second network to the first network. The method further comprises, in response to a positive determination, send a first message to an authentication, authorization, and accounting, AAA, server to initiate the secondary authentication and/or authorization of the session of the terminal device.

Abstract: There is provided a method performed by a user plane core network function for a wireless communication network. The user plane core network function is configured with a range of Internet Protocol addresses for allocation to user equipments. The method comprises: transmitting a message to a control plane core network function, the message comprising an indication of a usage level of the range of IP addresses.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for establishment of protocol data unit (PDU) session are disclosed. A first network function determines whether a first session management function (SMF) for a PDU session to be established for a terminal device supports insertion/change of a second SMF. When determining that the first SMF for the PDU session does not support insertion/change of the second SMF, the first network function sends, to a second network function, a query request for discovering at least one second SMF that can serve whole public land mobile network (PLMN) to which the first network function belongs. The first network function receives a query response from the second network function.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method, performed by a repository network entity within a telecommunications network, for providing notifications for a subscription to monitor changes of a NF profile of a monitored network entity. The method comprises: receiving, from a subscribing network entity, a subscription request to subscribe to monitor changes to a NF profile of at least one monitored network entity, the request comprising a notification preference that identifies a subset of attributes in the NF profile to be monitored or to be excluded from monitoring; and providing to the subscribing network entity, notifications of changes to the identified subset of attributes of the NF profile of the at least one monitored network entity.

Abstract: A network entity generates a discovery request and transmit the discovery request to a network repository entity, NRE, wherein, advantageously, the discovery request includes a set of query parameters, the set of query parameters comprising a set of candidate network entity identifiers (IDs) comprising at least a first candidate network entity ID (e.g., an1-SMF instance ID), wherein each candidate network entity ID included in the set of candidate network entity IDs identifies a candidate network entity.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a serving gateway control plane function to manage a plurality of serving gateway user plane functions, and a mobility management entity to communicate with the serving gateway control plane function. Embodiments may provide a method for the serving gateway control plane function. The method includes: connecting with the plurality of serving gateway user plane functions; storing serving area information of the plurality of serving gateway user plane functions; selecting a first serving gateway user plane function among the plurality of serving gateway user plane functions for a user equipment, according to location of the user equipment and the serving area information of the plurality of serving gateway user plane functions; and sending serving area information of the first serving gateway user plane function to a mobility management entity.

Abstract: A method at an Access and mobility Management Function (AMF) for facilitating a Protocol Data Unit (PDU) session procedure for a User Equipment (UE) in a 5th Generation System (5GS) network, wherein the 5GS network is interworking with an Evolved Packet System (EPS) network, and a Packet Data Network Gateway Control plane Function+Session Management Function (PGW-C+SMF) supporting the interworking is selected for managing the PDU session. The method comprises determining whether the PDU session supports interworking with the EPS network, based on at least one of a capability of the UE and a subscription data of the UE; and sending an indication which indicates whether the PDU session supports interworking with the EPS network to the PGW-C+SMF.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide methods and apparatus for indirect data forwarding. A method at a mobility management node comprises sending, to a serving gateway entity in the first system, a request for creating an indirect data forwarding tunnel. The request comprises an indication flag for indicating to the serving gateway entity that an indirect data forwarding tunnel is to be created with a user plane function entity in a second system. The method further comprises receiving a response for the request from the serving gateway entity.

Abstract: Embodiments of a method performed by a Session Management Function (SMF) for providing Access Network (AN) are disclosed. In some embodiments the method comprises receiving from a Policy Control Function (PCF) a request for AN information. The method also includes determining whether the AN does not support reporting of the requested AN information. The method also includes upon determining that the AN does not support reporting of the requested AN information, sending, to the PCF, a notification that the AN does not support reporting of the requested AN information. The method also includes upon determining that the AN does support reporting of the requested AN information: acquiring the requested AN information and sending the requested AN information to the PCF.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments include methods for establishing a user-requested protocol data unit (PDU) session in a user's visited public land mobile network (VPLMN), by a session management function (V-SMF) in the VPLMN. Such methods include receiving, from an access and mobility management function (AMF) in the VPLMN, a PDUSession_CreateSMContext Request to establish the PDU session to be routed through the user's home PLMN (HPLMN). The PDUSession_CreateSMContext Request identifies an SMF (H-SMF) in the user's HPLMN. Such methods include sending, to the identified H-SMF, a PDUSession_Create Request to create the PDU session. The PDUSession_Create Request includes an identifier of a session management (SM) context, in the V-SMF, that is associated with the PDU session. Such methods include receiving, from the H-SMF, a PDUSession_Update Request that includes an identifier of an SM context, in the H-SMF, that is associated with the PDU session. Embodiments also include complementary methods performed by the H-SMF.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provides a method and an apparatus for subscribing a notification of a change of a network function. A method for subscribing to notification of a change of a network function may comprise: transmitting (S101) a subscription message to a monitoring network function; and receiving (S102) a notification from the monitoring network function to notify a change from the network function whose status is required to be monitored. The subscription message indicates of the network function. The attribute comprises a serving scope indicating one or more target served area of the network function whose status is required to be monitored. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a simple and fast implementation for subscribing notification of change of network function may be achieved. Particularly, both the response time and the accuracy of the notification about a change of a subscribed network function may be improved.

Abstract: Systems and methods for detecting, e.g., that a Network Function (NF) service consumer in a core network of a cellular communications system has restarted are disclosed. In some embodiments, a method of operation of a NF service consumer in a core network of a cellular communications system comprises sending, to a NF service producer, a message comprising information related to a unit of the NF service consumer.

Abstract: A preparation method includes 1) dispersing cellulose nanocrystal in water and adjusting pH to 7; 2) adding carboxylate to the aqueous dispersion of the step 1), and stirring until uniform; and 3) adding a monomer and a ceric ammonium nitrate initiator to the system of the step 2), reacting for 0.5-3 h to obtain a precipitate, and subjecting the precipitate to suction filtration, washing, and drying to obtain the cellulose nanocrystal powder. By adding a small amount of carboxylate into a cellulose nanocrystal graft polymer modification system initiated by ceric ammonium nitrate, hydrolysis of cerium ions can be inhibited through complexation of the carboxylate to the cerium ions which play an initiating role in ceric ammonium nitrate, so that ceric ammonium nitrate can initiate the polymerization reaction under acid-free conditions, thereby achieving polymerization of polyvinyl acetate monomer on the surface of cellulose nanocrystals.