Abstract: An encoder includes circuitry and memory. The circuitry determines whether a first virtual pipeline decoding unit (VPDU) is split into smaller blocks and whether a second VPDU is split into smaller blocks. In response to a determination the first VPDU is not split into smaller blocks and a determination the second VPDU is split into smaller blocks, a block of chroma samples is predicted without using luma samples. In response to a determination the first VPDU is split into smaller blocks and a determination the second VPDU is split into smaller blocks, the block of chroma samples is predicted using luma samples. In response to a determination the first VPDU is not split into smaller blocks and a determination the second VPDU is not split into smaller block, the block of chroma samples is predicted using luma samples. The block is encoded using the predicted chroma samples.

Abstract: An encoder includes circuitry and memory coupled to the circuitry. In operation, the circuitry: determines whether an image format of a video is a format including a chroma component; when it is determined that the image format is a format including a chroma component, signals a flag indicating whether application of JCCR is allowed or not in a header of a stream, and (i) encodes the video with application of the JCCR allowed, or (ii) encodes the video with application of the JCCR not allowed; and when it is determined that the image format is a format including no chroma component, signals no flag indicating whether application of the JCCR is allowed or not in the header of the stream, and encodes the video with application of the JCCR not allowed.

Abstract: An encoder includes circuitry and memory. In both of a first type of residual coding where an orthogonal transform is applied and a second type of residual coding where the orthogonal transform is skipped, wherein when a restriction on a number of CABAC processes allows CABAC coding of a set of coefficient information flags, the circuitry: encodes the coefficient information flags by CABAC; and otherwise, the circuitry: skips the CABAC encoding of the coefficient information flags; and the circuitry encodes a remainder value of the coefficient with Golomb-Rice code when the coefficient information flags are encoded; and otherwise the circuitry encodes a value of the coefficient with the Golomb-Rice code, wherein in the second type of residual coding, the circuitry encodes absolute value flags each relating to an absolute value of the coefficient after encoding the coefficient information flags and before encoding the remainder value of the coefficient.

Abstract: An information processing system includes a first information processing device and a second information processing device. The first information processing device is configured to receive the atomic information from the second information processing device, calculate a processing result corresponding to the atomic information by inputting the atomic information into a neural network, and transmit the processing result to the second information processing device. The second information processing device is configured to transmit atomic information to the first information processing device.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a support member configured to support a printhead, a rotating member configured to be supported by the support member so as to be rotatable to an open position at which the printhead is capable of being attached to or detached from the support member and a closed position, a shaft portion arranged on one of the rotating member and the support member, a shaft supporting portion arranged on the other of the rotating member and the support member, the shaft portion being inserted to the shaft supporting portion in an axial direction, and a structure configured to regulate displacement of the rotating member in the axial direction in a predetermined rotation range of the rotating member, and permit displacement of the rotating member in the axial direction in a rotation position outside the predetermined rotation range.

Abstract: An encoder includes circuitry and memory coupled to the circuitry. The circuitry, in operation, for each coefficient of a plurality of coefficients included in a block, determines a base level relating to Context-Based Adaptive Binary Arithmetic Coding (CABAC) for the coefficient, and encodes an absolute value of the coefficient. In determining the base level, when one or more flags are used in encoding the absolute value of the coefficient, the base level is determined to be a first value, and when one or more flags are not used in the encoding, the base level is determined to be a second value that is smaller than the first value. In encoding the absolute value of the coefficient, when one or more flags are not used, a rice parameter is determined based on the base level which is equal to the second value, and the coefficient is binarized using the rice parameter.

Abstract: An encoder determines, based on a width and a height of a block, whether or not to disable a prediction mode in which the block is split along a partitioning line defined by a distance and an angle and then prediction is performed; and encodes the block with the prediction mode disabled or not disabled according to a result of the determination on whether or not to disable the prediction mode. Here, the distance is the shortest distance between the center of the block and the partitioning line, and the angle is an angle representing a direction from the center of the block toward the partitioning line in the shortest distance. The encoder determines to disable the prediction mode when (i) a width-to-height ratio is at least 8 or (ii) a height-to-width ratio is at least 8.

Abstract: An encoder includes circuitry and memory coupled to the circuitry. The circuitry, in operation: determines whether a size of a current block, which is a unit for which a vector candidate list including vector candidates is generated, is less than or equal to a threshold; when the size of the current block is less than or equal to the threshold, generates the vector candidate list by registering a history-based motion vector predictor (HMVP) vector candidate in the vector candidate list from an HMVP table without performing a first pruning process; when the size of the current block is greater than the threshold, generates the vector candidate list by performing the first pruning process and registering the HMVP vector candidate in the vector candidate list from the HMVP table; and encodes the current block using the vector candidate list.

Abstract: A sheet processing apparatus includes a conveying portion, a conveying path, a discharge port, a stacking portion, a manual setting portion, a binding device which binds a sheet bundle formed by the stacking portion and a sheet bundle set at the manual setting portion by a staple, a first regulating portion which regulates a position of the sheet bundle at a rear side of the apparatus in a width direction, and a second regulating portion which regulates a position of the sheet bundle in the conveying direction. The binding device is formed to be movable back and forth to a front side and the rear side of the apparatus. When a staple is replenished to the binding device, the binding device is positioned at the third position so that a cartridge of the staple is loaded into the binding device from the front side of the apparatus.

Abstract: An encoder includes circuitry, and memory coupled to the circuitry. The circuitry, in operation, for each of a plurality of sub-bitstreams having mutually different frame rates, encodes identification information into a header of a bitstream including the plurality of sub-bitstreams, the identification information indicating a temporal ID that is an identifier of a temporal layer related to a temporal scalability and corresponds to the sub-bitstream, and encodes level information indicating a conformance level of the sub-bitstream.

Abstract: An encoder includes memory and circuitry coupled to the memory. The circuitry, for each of temporal sub-layers for temporal scalability different from spatial scalability, stores first parameters into buffering period supplemental enhancement information (SEI) and encodes the first parameters. The first parameters present initial delays in timing to extract data from a coded picture buffer (CPB). The circuitry stores a second parameter into the buffering period SEI and encodes the second parameter. The second parameter indicates a total number of the temporal sub-layers. A value of the second parameter is equal to a value of a third parameter that is encoded into a sequence parameter set and indicates a total number of the temporal sub-layers.

Abstract: An encoder that includes memory and circuitry coupled to the memory. The circuitry encodes a slice into one or more data access regions in a variable length encoding process. The circuitry encodes one or more offsets into a slice header, based on a flag written into a sequence header and a total number of the one or more data access regions. The one or more offsets each specify a head position of a corresponding one of the one or more data access regions in a bitstream. When the flag indicates that the one or more offsets are to be encoded and the total number is at least two, the one or more offsets are encoded. The flag switches between encoding and not encoding the one or more offsets regardless of whether the total number is at least two.

Abstract: A recording apparatus includes: a carriage on which a liquid ejection head that ejects a liquid is mounted, the carriage being reciprocally movable in a scanning direction; a guide member that extends in the scanning direction and that guides movement of the carriage in the scanning direction; and a sliding member that is provided on the carriage and has a sliding surface that slides with a guide surface of the guide member via a lubricant, in a case where the carriage moves in the scanning direction. The carriage has a projecting portion that projects farther toward one side in the scanning direction than the sliding member. A gap formed between the projecting portion and the guide surface becomes smaller toward the sliding member in the scanning direction.

Abstract: As an antitumor drug which is excellent in terms of antitumor effect and safety, there is provided an antibody-drug conjugate in which an antitumor compound represented by the following formula is conjugated to an antibody via a linker having a structure represented by the following formula: -L1-L2-LP-NH—(CH2)n1-La-Lb-Lc- wherein the antibody is connected to the terminal of L1, and the antitumor compound is connected to the terminal of Lc with the nitrogen atom of the amino group at position 1 as a connecting position.

Abstract: An encoder includes circuitry and memory coupled to the circuitry. In operation, the circuitry: derives a motion vector of a current block by referring to at least one reference picture different from a picture to which the current block belongs; performs a mode for estimating, for each sub-block unit of sub-blocks obtained by splitting the current block, a surrounding region of the motion vector to correct the motion vector; determines whether to apply deblocking filtering to each of boundaries between neighboring ones of the sub-blocks; and applies the deblocking filtering to the boundary, based on a result of the determination.

Abstract: A decoder includes circuitry which, in operation, parses a first flag indicating whether a CCALF (cross component adaptive loop filtering) process is enabled for a first block located adjacent to a left side of a current block; parses a second flag indicating whether the CCALF process is enabled for a second block located adjacent to an upper side of the current block; determines a first index associated with a color component of the current block; and derives a second index indicating a context model, using the first flag, the second flag, and the first index. The circuitry, in operation, performs entropy decoding of a third flag indicating whether the CCALF process is enabled for the current block, using the context model indicated by the second index; and performs the CCALF process on the current block in response to the third flag indicating the CCALF process is enabled for the current block.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a feature which, even when updated data to be written to an ECU is encrypted, is capable of appropriately resuming the writing processing when determined that the writing processing was interrupted while in progress. An electronic control device according to the present invention, wherein a first data block included in the updated data is encrypted by using a second data block, and when the writing processing for writing the first data block to the storage unit is interrupted while in progress, updated data which includes both the first data block and the second data block is reacquired, after which the first data block is decoded again by using the reacquired second data block.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide technology whereby a retransmission start address can be properly identified even when update data is compressed or encrypted. In the electronic control device according to the present invention, update data includes at least one of compressed data and encrypted data and includes unprocessed data that is neither compressed nor encrypted, and the unprocessed data retains an address list that can identify the positions of data blocks included in the update data.

Abstract: Provided is a charged particle beam device that can impart a function of an energy filter to even a small BSE detector. The charged particle beam device includes a fluorescent substance that converts charged particles generated by irradiation of a sample with a charged particle beam into light; a detector that detects the light emitted from the fluorescent substance; a light guide element for guiding the light from the fluorescent substance to the detector; a light amount adjuster that adjusts the amount of light that is received by the detector through the fluorescent substance and the light guide element; and a control unit that controls the light amount adjuster.

Abstract: Provided is a technique for enabling software having different memory maps to be written in a nonvolatile memory of an electronic control device in reprogramming of control software. The electronic control device includes a microcomputer including a CPU and a nonvolatile memory. The nonvolatile memory includes activation software, control software, and validity confirmation information for confirming validity of the control software. A storage area of the validity confirmation information in the nonvolatile memory is different from a storage area of the activation software.