OCTAHYDRO-CYCLOBUTA [1,2-c;3,4-c']DIPYRROL-2-YL

Abstract

The invention provides novel compounds having the general formula (I) wherein R1, Y and R2 are as described herein, compositions including the compounds and methods of using the compounds.

Description

The present invention relates to organic compounds useful for therapy or prophylaxis in a mammal, and in particular to autotaxin (ATX) inhibitors which are inhibitors of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) production and thus modulators of LPA levels and associated signaling, for the treatment or prophylaxis of renal conditions, liver conditions, inflammatory conditions, conditions of the nervous system, conditions of the respiratory system, vascular and cardiovascular conditions, fibrotic diseases, cancer, ocular conditions, metabolic conditions, cholestatic and other forms of chronic pruritus and acute and chronic organ transplant rejection.

The present invention provides novel compounds of formula (I)

wherein

• • R¹ is substituted quinolinyl, substituted 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolinyl, substituted isoquinolinyl, substituted 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolinyl, substituted 9H-carbazolyl, substituted chromanyl, substituted indolyl, substituted naphthyl, substituted oxazolyl, substituted phenyl, substituted phenylalkyl, substituted phenylcycloalkyl, substituted phenoxyalkyl, substituted phenylalkoxy, substituted phenylalkenyl, substituted phenylalkynyl, substituted pyridazinyl, substituted pyridazinylalkyl, substituted pyridazinylalkenyl, substituted pyridazinylalkynyl, substituted pyridinyl, substituted pyridinylalkyl, substituted pyridinylalkenyl, substituted pyridinylalkynyl, substituted pyridinonyl, substituted pyridinonylalkyl, substituted pyridinonylalkenyl, substituted pyridinonylalkynyl, substituted thiophenyl, substituted thiophenylalkyl, substituted thiophenylalkenyl, substituted thiophenylalkynyl, substituted tetralinyl or substituted tetralinonyl, wherein substituted quinolinyl, substituted 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolinyl, substituted isoquinolinyl, substituted 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolinyl, substituted 9H-carbazolyl, substituted chromanyl, substituted indolyl, substituted naphthyl, substituted oxazolyl, substituted phenyl, substituted phenylalkyl, substituted phenylcycloalkyl, substituted phenoxyalkyl, substituted phenylalkoxy, substituted phenylalkenyl, substituted phenylalkynyl, substituted pyridazinyl, substituted pyridazinylalkyl, substituted pyridazinylalkenyl, substituted pyridazinylalkynyl, substituted pyridinyl, substituted pyridinylalkyl, substituted pyridinylalkenyl, substituted pyridinylalkynyl, substituted pyridinonyl, substituted pyridinonylalkyl, substituted pyridinonylalkenyl, substituted pyridinonylalkynyl, substituted thiophenyl, substituted thiophenylalkyl, substituted thiophenylalkenyl, substituted thiophenylalkynyl, substituted tetralinyl and substituted tetralinonyl are substituted with R⁶, R⁷ and R⁸;
  • Y is —C(O)— or —S(O)₂—;
  • R² is substituted pyridinyl, substituted phenyl or is selected from the ring systems A, B and C, wherein substituted pyridinyl and substituted phenyl are substituted with one substituted aminosulfonyl, wherein substituted aminosulfonyl is substituted on the nitrogen atom with one to two substituents independently selected from H, alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, hydroxyalkyl and alkoxyalkyl;

• • R³, R⁴ and R⁵ are independently selected from H, alkyl, halogen, haloalkyl and alkoxy;
  • R⁶, R⁷ and R⁸ are independently selected from H, halogen, cyano, cyanoalkyl, alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyhaloalkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, cycloalkylalkoxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkoxyalkyl, cycloalkylalkoxyalkyl, alkoxy, alkoxyalkyl, haloalkoxy, alkoxyhaloalkyl, alkoxyalkoxy, alkoxyalkoxyalkyl, alkylsulfonyl, furanyl, tetrahydropyranyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl, phenylalkoxy, substituted phenylalkoxy, pyridinyl, substituted pyridinyl, pyrrolyl, substituted pyrrolyl, pyrrolydinyl and substituted pyrrolydinyl, wherein substituted phenyl, substituted phenylalkoxy, substituted pyridinyl, substituted pyrrolyl and substituted pyrrolydinyl are substituted with one to three halogen;
  • and pharmaceutically acceptable salts.

Autotaxin (ATX) is a secreted enzyme also called ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 2 or lysophospholipase D, which is important for converting lysophosphatidyl choline (LPC) to the bioactive signaling molecule lysophosphatidic acid (LPA). It has been shown that plasma LPA levels are well correlated with ATX activity and hence ATX is believed to be an important source of extracellular LPA. Early experiments with a prototype ATX inhibitor have shown that such a compound is able to inhibit the LPA synthesizing activity in mouse plasma. Work conducted in the 1970s and early 1980s has demonstrated that LPA can elicit a wide range of cellular responses; including smooth muscle cell contraction, platelet activation, cell proliferation, chemotaxis and others. LPA mediates its effects via signaling to several G protein coupled receptors (GPCRs); the first members were originally denoted Edg (endothelial cell differentiation gene) receptors or ventricular zone gene-1 (vzg-1) but are now called LPA receptors. The prototypic group now consists of LPA1/Edg-2/VZG-1, LPA2/Edg-4, and LPA3/Edg-7. Recently, three additional LPA receptors LPA4/p2y9/GPR23, LPA5/GPR92 and LPA6/p2Y5 have been described that are more closely related to nucleotide-selective purinergic receptors than to the prototypic LPA1-3 receptors. The ATX-LPA signaling axis is involved in a large range of physiological and pathophysiological functions, including, for example, nervous system function, vascular development, cardiovascular physiology, reproduction, immune system function, chronic inflammation, tumor metastasis and progression, organ fibrosis as well as obesity and/or other metabolic diseases such as diabetes mellitus. Therefore, increased activity of ATX and/or increased levels of LPA, altered LPA receptor expression and altered responses to LPA may contribute to the initiation, progression and/or outcome of a number of different pathophysiological conditions related to the ATX/LPA axis.

In accordance with the invention, the compounds of formula (I) or their pharmaceutically acceptable salts and esters can be used for the treatment or prophylaxis of diseases, disorders or conditions that are associated with the activity of autotaxin and/or the biological activity of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA).

The compounds of formula (I) or their pharmaceutically acceptable salts and esters herein inhibit autotaxin activity and therefore inhibit LPA production and modulate LPA levels and associated signaling. Autotaxin inhibitors described herein are useful as agents for the treatment or prevention of diseases or conditions in which ATX activity and/or LPA signaling participates, is involved in the etiology or pathology of the disease, or is otherwise associated with at least one symptom of the disease. The ATX-LPA axis has been implicated for example in angiogenesis, chronic inflammation, autoimmune diseases, fibrotic diseases, cancer and tumor metastasis and progression, ocular conditions, metabolic conditions such as obesity and/or diabetes mellitus, conditions such as cholestatic or other forms of chronic pruritus as well as acute and chronic organ transplant rejection.

Objects of the present invention are the compounds of formula (I) and their aforementioned salts and esters and their use as therapeutically active substances, a process for the manufacture of the said compounds, intermediates, pharmaceutical compositions, medicaments containing the said compounds, their pharmaceutically acceptable salts or esters, the use of the said compounds, salts or esters for the treatment or prophylaxis of disorders or conditions that are associated with the activity of ATX and/or the biological activity of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), particularly in the treatment or prophylaxis of renal conditions, liver conditions, inflammatory conditions, conditions of the nervous system, conditions of the respiratory system, vascular and cardiovascular conditions, fibrotic diseases, cancer, ocular conditions, metabolic conditions, cholestatic and other forms of chronic pruritus and acute and-chronic organ transplant rejection, and the use of the said compounds, salts or esters for the production of medicaments for the treatment or prophylaxis of renal conditions, liver conditions, inflammatory conditions, conditions of the nervous system, conditions of the respiratory system, vascular and cardiovascular conditions, fibrotic diseases, cancer, ocular conditions, metabolic conditions, cholestatic and other forms of chronic pruritus and acute and chronic organ transplant rejection.

The term “alkenyl” denotes a monovalent linear or branched hydrocarbon group of 2 to 7 carbon atoms with at least one double bond. In particular embodiments, alkenyl has 2 to 4 carbon atoms with at least one double bond. Examples of alkenyl include ethenyl, propenyl, prop-2-enyl, isopropenyl, n-butenyl and iso-butenyl. Particular alkenyl group is ethenyl.

The term “alkoxy” denotes a group of the formula —O—R′, wherein R′ is an alkyl group. Examples of alkoxy group include methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, isopropoxy, n-butoxy, isobutoxy and tert-butoxy. Particular alkoxy group include methoxy, ethoxy and isopropoxy. More particular alkoxy group is isopropoxy.

The term “alkoxyalkoxy” denotes an alkoxy group wherein at least one of the hydrogen atoms of the alkoxy group has been replaced by another alkoxy group. Examples of alkoxyalkoxy group include methoxymethoxy, ethoxymethoxy, methoxyethoxy, ethoxyethoxy, methoxypropoxy and ethoxypropoxy. Particular alkoxyalkoxy group is methoxyethoxy.

The term “alkoxyalkoxyalkyl” denotes an alkyl group wherein at least one of the hydrogen atoms of the alkyl group has been replaced by an alkoxyalkoxy group. Examples of alkoxyalkoxyalkyl group include methoxymethoxymethyl, ethoxymethoxymethyl, methoxyethoxymethyl, ethoxyethoxymethyl, methoxypropoxymethyl, ethoxypropoxymethyl, methoxymethoxyethyl, ethoxymethoxyethyl, methoxyethoxyethyl, ethoxyethoxyethyl, methoxypropoxyethyl and ethoxypropoxyethyl.

The term “alkoxyalkyl” denotes an alkyl group wherein at least one of the hydrogen atoms of the alkyl group has been replaced by an alkoxy group. Exemplary alkoxyalkyl groups include methoxymethyl, ethoxymethyl, methoxyethyl, ethoxyethyl, methoxypropyl, ethoxypropyl and isopropoxymethyl. Particular alkoxyalkyl group is methoxpropyl.

The term “alkoxyhaloalkyl” denotes a haloalkyl group wherein at least one of the hydrogen atoms of the haloalkyl group has been replaced by an alkoxy group. Exemplary alkoxyalkyl groups include methoxytrifluoroethyl, ethoxytrifluoroethyl, methoxytrifluoropropyl and ethoxytrifluoropropyl.

The term “alkyl” denotes a monovalent linear or branched saturated hydrocarbon group of 1 to 12 carbon atoms. In particular embodiments, alkyl has 1 to 7 carbon atoms, and in more particular embodiments 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Examples of alkyl include methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, iso-butyl and sec-butyl, pentyl. Particular alkyl groups include methyl, isopropyl and iso-butyl.

The term “alkylsulfonyl” denotes a group of the formula —S(O)₂—R′, wherein R′ is an alkyl group. Examples of alkylsulfonyl groups include groups of the formula —S(O)₂—R′, wherein R′ is methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl or tert-butyl. Particular alkylsulfonyl groups include group of the formula —S(O)₂—R′, wherein R′ is methyl.

The term “amino” denotes a —NH₂ group.

The term “aminosulfonyl” denotes a —S(O)₂—NH₂ group.

The term “cyano” denotes a —C≡N group.

The term “cyanoalkyl” denotes an alkyl group wherein one of the hydrogen atoms of the alkyl group has been replaced by a cyano group. Exemplary cyanoalkyl groups include cyanomethyl, cyanoethyl and cyanopropyl. Particular alkoxyalkyl group is cyanomethyl.

The term “cycloalkoxy” denotes a group of the formula —O—R′, wherein R′ is a cycloalkyl group. Examples of cycloalkoxy group include cyclopropoxy, cyclobutoxy, cyclopentyloxy, cyclohexyloxy, cycloheptyloxy and cyclooctyloxy. Particular cycloalkoxy group is cyclopropoxy.

The term “cycloalkoxyalkyl” denotes an alkyl group wherein at least one of the hydrogen atoms of the alkyl group has been replaced by a cycloalkoxy group. Examples of cycloalkoxyalkyl groups include cyclopropoxymethyl, cyclopropoxyethyl, cyclobutoxymethyl, cyclobutoxyethyl, cyclopentyloxymethyl, cyclopentyloxyethyl, cyclohexyloxymethyl, cyclohexyloxyethyl, cycloheptyloxymethyl, cycloheptyloxyethyl, cyclooctyloxymethyl and cyclooctyloxyethyl.

The term “cycloalkyl” denotes a monovalent saturated monocyclic or bicyclic hydrocarbon group of 3 to 10 ring carbon atoms. In particular embodiments, cycloalkyl denotes a monovalent saturated monocyclic hydrocarbon group of 3 to 8 ring carbon atoms. Bicyclic means a ring system consisting of two saturated carbocycles having two carbon atoms in common. Examples for monocyclic cycloalkyl are cyclopropyl, cyclobutanyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl or cycloheptyl. Examples for bicyclic cycloalkyl are bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanyl or bicyclo[2.2.2]octanyl. Particular monocyclic cycloalkyl groups are cyclopropyl, cyclobutanyl, cyclopentyl and cyclohexyl. More particular monocyclic cycloalkyl group is cyclopropyl.

The term “cycloalkylalkoxy” denotes an alkoxy group wherein at least one of the hydrogen atoms of the alkoxy group is replaced by a cycloalkyl group. Examples of cycloalkylalkoxy include cyclopropylmethoxy, cyclobutylmethoxy, cyclopentylmethoxy, cyclohexylmethoxy, cycloheptylmethoxy and cyclooctylmethoxy. Particular cycloalkylalkoxy group is cyclopropylmethoxy.

The term “cycloalkylalkoxyalkyl” denotes an alkyl group wherein at least one of the hydrogen atoms of the alkyl group is replaced by a cycloalkylalkoxy group. Examples of cycloalkylalkoxyalkyl include cyclopropylmethoxymethyl, cyclopropylmethoxyethyl, cyclobutylmethoxymethyl, cyclobutylmethoxyethyl, cyclopentylmethoxyethyl, cyclopentylmethoxyethyl, cyclohexylmethoxymethyl, cyclohexylmethoxyethyl, cycloheptylmethoxymethyl, cycloheptylmethoxyethyl, cyclooctylmethoxymethyl and cyclooctylmethoxyethyl.

The term “cycloalkylalkyl” denotes an alkyl group wherein at least one of the hydrogen atoms of the alkyl group is replaced by a cycloalkyl group. Examples of cycloalkylalkyl include cyclopropylmethyl, cyclopropylethyl, cyclopropylbutyl, cyclobutylpropyl, 2-cyclopropylbutyl, cyclopentylbutyl, cyclohexylmethyl, cyclohexylethyl, bicyclo[4.1.0]heptanylmethyl, bicyclo[4.1.0]heptanylethyl, bicyclo[2.2.2]octanylmethyl, bicyclo[2.2.2]octanylethyl, adamentanylmethyl and adamantanylethyl. Particular examples of cycloalkylalkyl are cyclohexylmethyl, cyclohexylethyl, bicyclo[4.1.0]heptanylmethyl, bicyclo[4.1.0]heptanylethyl, bicyclo[2.2.2]octanylmethyl, bicyclo[2.2.2]octanylethyl, adamentanylmethyl and adamantanylethyl. Further particular examples cycloalkylalkyl are cyclohexylmethyl, cyclohexylethyl, bicyclo[4.1.0]heptanylmethyl, bicyclo[2.2.2]octanylmethyl, adamentanylmethyl and adamantanylethyl.

The term “haloalkoxy” denotes an alkoxy group wherein at least one of the hydrogen atoms of the alkoxy group has been replaced by the same or different halogen atoms. The term “perhaloalkoxy” denotes an alkoxy group where all hydrogen atoms of the alkoxy group have been replaced by the same or different halogen atoms. Examples of haloalkoxy include fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, trifluoroethoxy, trifluoromethylethoxy, trifluorodimethylethoxy and pentafluoroethoxy. Particular haloalkoxy group are trifluoromethoxy and trifluoroethoxy.

The term “haloalkyl” denotes an alkyl group wherein at least one of the hydrogen atoms of the alkyl group has been replaced by the same or different halogen atoms. The term “perhaloalkyl” denotes an alkyl group where all hydrogen atoms of the alkyl group have been replaced by the same or different halogen atoms. Examples of haloalkyl include fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, trifluoroethyl, trifluoromethylethyl and pentafluoroethyl. Particular haloalkyl groups are trifluoromethyl and trifluoroethyl.

The term “halogen” and “halo” are used interchangeably herein and denote fluoro, chloro, bromo, or iodo. Particular halogens are chloro and fluoro. More particular halogen is chloro.

The term “hydroxy” denotes a —OH group.

The term “hydroxyalkyl” denotes an alkyl group wherein at least one of the hydrogen atoms of the alkyl group has been replaced by a hydroxy group. Examples of hydroxyalkyl include hydroxymethyl, hydroxyethyl, hydroxy-1-methyl-ethyl, hydroxypropyl, hydroxymethylpropyl and dihydroxypropyl. Particular examples are hydroxymethyl and hydroxyethyl.

The term “hydroxyhaloalkyl” denotes a haloalkyl group wherein at least one of the hydrogen atoms of the haloalkyl group has been replaced by an hydroxy group. Exemplary hydroxyhaloalkyl groups include hydroxytrifluoroethyl and hydroxytrifluoropropyl. Particular hydroxyhaloalkyl groups include hydroxytrifluoroethyl.

The term “phenoxy” denotes a group of the formula —O—R′, wherein R′ is a phenyl.

The term “phenoxyalkyl” denotes an alkyl group wherein at least one of the hydrogen atoms of the alkyl group has been replaced by a phenoxy group. Exemplary phenoxyalkyl groups include phenoxymethyl, phenoxyethyl and phenoxypropyl. Particular alkoxyalkyl group is phenoxymethyl.

The term “phenylalkenyl” denotes an alkenyl group wherein at least one of the hydrogen atoms of the alkenyl group has been replaced a phenyl. Particular phenylalkenyl group is phenylethenyl.

The term “phenylalkoxy” denotes an alkoxy group wherein at least one of the hydrogen atoms of the alkoxy group has been replaced by a phenyl group. Examples of phenylalkoxy include phenylmethoxy and phenylethoxy. Particular phenylalkoxy group is phenylmethoxy.

The term “phenylalkyl” denotes an alkyl group wherein at least one of the hydrogen atoms of the alkyl group has been replaced a phenyl. Particular phenylalkyl groups are benzyl, phenethyl and phenylpropyl. More particular phenylalkyl groups are benzyl and phenethyl. Further particular phenylalkyl group is benzyl.

The term “phenylalkynyl” denotes an alkynyl group wherein at least one of the hydrogen atoms of the alkynyl group has been replaced a phenyl. Particular phenylalkynyl group is phenylethynyl.

The term “phenylcyloalkyl” denotes a cycloalkyl group wherein at least one of the hydrogen atoms of the cycloalkyl group has been replaced a phenyl. Particular phenylcycloalkyl group is phenylcyclopropyl.

The term “pyridazinylalkenyl” denotes an alkenyl group wherein at least one of the hydrogen atoms of the alkenyl group has been replaced a pyridazinyl. Particular pyridazinylalkenyl group is pyridazinylethenyl.

The term “pyridazinylalkyl” denotes an alkyl group wherein at least one of the hydrogen atoms of the alkyl group has been replaced a pyridazinyl. Particular pyridazinylalkyl groups are pyridazinylmethyl, pyridazinylethyl and pyridazinylpropyl. More particular pyridazinylalkyl group is pyridazinylethyl.

The term “pyridazinylalkynyl” denotes an alkynyl group wherein at least one of the hydrogen atoms of the alkynyl group has been replaced a pyridazinyl. Particular pyridazinylalkynyl group is pyridazinylethynyl.

The term “pyridinonylalkenyl” denotes an alkenyl group wherein at least one of the hydrogen atoms of the alkenyl group has been replaced a pyridinonyl. Particular pyridinonylalkenyl group is pyridinonylethenyl.

The term “pyridinonylalkyl” denotes an alkyl group wherein at least one of the hydrogen atoms of the alkyl group has been replaced a pyridinonyl. Particular pyridinonylalkyl groups are pyridinonylmethyl, pyridinonylethyl and pyridinonylpropyl. More particular pyridinonylalkyl group is pyridinonylethyl.

The term “pyridinonyl alkynyl” denotes an alkynyl group wherein at least one of the hydrogen atoms of the alkynyl group has been replaced a pyridinonyl. Particular pyridinonyl alkynyl group is pyridinonylethynyl.

The term “pyridinylalkenyl” denotes an alkenyl group wherein at least one of the hydrogen atoms of the alkenyl group has been replaced a pyridinyl. Particular pyridinylalkenyl group is pyridinylethenyl.

The term “pyridinylalkyl” denotes an alkyl group wherein at least one of the hydrogen atoms of the alkyl group has been replaced a pyridinyl. Particular pyridinylalkyl groups are pyridinylmethyl, pyridinylethyl and pyridinylpropyl. More particular pyridinylalkyl group is pyridinylethyl.

The term “pyridinylalkynyl” denotes an alkynyl group wherein at least one of the hydrogen atoms of the alkynyl group has been replaced a pyridinyl. Particular pyridinylalkynyl group is pyridinylethynyl.

The term “thiophenylalkenyl” denotes an alkenyl group wherein at least one of the hydrogen atoms of the alkenyl group has been replaced a thiophenyl. Particular thiophenylalkenyl group is thiophenylethenyl.

The term “thiophenylalkyl” denotes an alkyl group wherein at least one of the hydrogen atoms of the alkyl group has been replaced a thiophenyl. Particular thiophenylalkyl groups are thiophenylmethyl, thiophenylethyl and thiophenylpropyl. More particular thiophenylalkyl group is thiophenylmethyl.

The term “thiophenylalkynyl” denotes an alkynyl group wherein at least one of the hydrogen atoms of the alkynyl group has been replaced a thiophenyl. Particular thiophenylalkynyl group is thiophenylethynyl.

The term “pharmaceutically acceptable salts” refers to those salts which retain the biological effectiveness and properties of the free bases or free acids, which are not biologically or otherwise undesirable. The salts are formed with inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid and the like, in particular hydrochloric acid, and organic acids such as acetic acid, propionic acid, glycolic acid, pyruvic acid, oxalic acid, maleic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, fumaric acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, benzoic acid, cinnamic acid, mandelic acid, methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, salicylic acid, N-acetylcystein and the like. In addition, these salts may be prepared by addition of an inorganic base or an organic base to the free acid. Salts derived from an inorganic base include, but are not limited to, the sodium, potassium, lithium, ammonium, calcium, magnesium salts and the like. Salts derived from organic bases include, but are not limited to salts of primary, secondary, and tertiary amines, substituted amines including naturally occurring substituted amines, cyclic amines and basic ion exchange resins, such as isopropylamine, trimethylamine, diethylamine, triethylamine, tripropylamine, ethanolamine, lysine, arginine, N-ethylpiperidine, piperidine, polyimine resins and the like. Particular pharmaceutically acceptable salts of compounds of formula (I) are the sodium and potassium salts.

“Pharmaceutically acceptable esters” means that compounds of general formula (I) may be derivatised at functional groups to provide derivatives which are capable of conversion back to the parent compounds in vivo. Examples of such compounds include physiologically acceptable and metabolically labile ester derivatives, such as methoxymethyl esters, methylthiomethyl esters and pivaloyloxymethyl esters. Additionally, any physiologically acceptable equivalents of the compounds of general formula (I), similar to the metabolically labile esters, which are capable of producing the parent compounds of general formula (I) in vivo, are within the scope of this invention.

The term “protecting group” (PG) denotes a group which selectively blocks a reactive site in a multifunctional compound such that a chemical reaction can be carried out selectively at another unprotected reactive site in the meaning conventionally associated with it in synthetic chemistry. Protecting groups can be removed at the appropriate point. Exemplary protecting groups are amino-protecting groups, carboxy-protecting groups or hydroxy-protecting groups. Particular protecting groups are the tert-butoxycarbonyl (Boc), benzyloxycarbonyl (Cbz), fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl (Fmoc) and benzyl (Bn) groups. Further particular protecting groups are the tert-butoxycarbonyl (Boc) and the fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl (Fmoc) groups. More particular protecting group is the tert-butoxycarbonyl (Boc) group.

The abbreviation uM means microMolar and is equivalent to the symbol M.

The abbreviation uL means microliter and is equivalent to the symbol μL.

The abbreviation ug means microgram and is equivalent to the symbol μg.

The compounds of formula (I) can contain several asymmetric centers and can be present in the form of optically pure enantiomers, mixtures of enantiomers such as, for example, racemates, optically pure diastereoisomers, mixtures of diastereoisomers, diastereoisomeric racemates or mixtures of diastereoisomeric racemates.

According to the Cahn-Ingold-Prelog Convention the asymmetric carbon atom can be of the “R” or “S” configuration.

Also an embodiment of the present invention are compounds according to formula (I) as described herein and pharmaceutically acceptable salts or esters thereof, in particular compounds according to formula (I) as described herein and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, more particularly compounds according to formula (I) as described herein.

A more particular embodiment of the present invention are compounds according to formula (I) as described herein, wherein the compounds are of formula (Ic).

Another embodiment of the present invention are compounds according to formula (I) as described herein, wherein R¹ is substituted quinolinyl, substituted 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolinyl, substituted isoquinolinyl, substituted 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolinyl, substituted 9H-carbazolyl, substituted chromanyl, substituted indolyl, substituted naphthyl, substituted oxazolyl, substituted phenyl, substituted phenylalkyl, substituted phenoxyalkyl, substituted phenylalkoxy, substituted phenylalkenyl, substituted pyridazinyl, substituted pyridinyl, substituted pyridinonyl, substituted tetralinyl or substituted tetralinonyl, wherein substituted quinolinyl, substituted 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolinyl, substituted isoquinolinyl, substituted 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolinyl, substituted 9H-carbazolyl, substituted chromanyl, substituted indolyl, substituted naphthyl, substituted oxazolyl, substituted phenyl, substituted phenylalkyl, substituted phenoxyalkyl, substituted phenylalkoxy, substituted phenylalkenyl, substituted pyridazinyl, substituted pyridinyl, substituted pyridinonyl, substituted tetralinyl and substituted tetralinonyl are substituted with R⁶, R⁷ and R⁸.

A particular embodiment of the present invention are compounds according to formula (I) as described herein, wherein R¹ is substituted quinolinyl, substituted indolyl, substituted naphthyl, substituted phenylalkoxy, substituted phenylalkenyl or substituted pyridinyl, wherein substituted quinolinyl, substituted indolyl, substituted naphthyl, substituted phenylalkoxy, substituted phenylalkenyl and substituted pyridinyl are substituted with R⁶, R⁷ and R⁸.

In a further embodiment of the present invention are compounds according to formula (I) as described herein, wherein R¹ is substituted quinolinyl, substituted indolyl, substituted naphthyl or substituted pyridinyl, wherein substituted quinolinyl, substituted indolyl, substituted naphthyl and substituted pyridinyl are substituted with R⁶, R⁷ and R⁸. The present invention also relates to compounds according to formula (I) as described herein, wherein R² is selected from the ring systems A and C.

A further particular embodiment of the present invention are compounds according to formula (I) as described herein, wherein R² is the ring system A and of formula (Ia).

Also an embodiment of the present invention are compounds according to formula (I) as described herein, wherein Y is —C(O)—.

Another embodiment of the present invention are compounds according to formula (I) as described herein, wherein R³, R⁴ and R⁵ are independently selected from H and halogen.

A further embodiment of the present invention are compounds according to formula (I) as described herein, wherein R³, R⁴ and R⁵ are H.

The present invention also relates to compounds according to formula (I) as described herein, wherein R⁶ is H, halogen, cyano, cyanoalkyl, alkyl, haloalkyl, cycloalkylalkoxy, alkoxy, alkoxyalkyl, haloalkoxy, alkoxyalkoxy, phenyl, phenylalkoxy or phenyl substituted with one to three halogen.

A further embodiment of the present invention are compounds according to formula (I) as described herein, wherein R⁶ is alkoxy, haloalkoxy or alkoxyalkoxy.

Another embodiment of the present invention are compounds according to formula (I) as described herein, wherein R⁷ is H, halogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy, haloalkoxy, alkylsulfonyl, furanyl or tetrahydropyranyl.

A further particular embodiment of the present invention are compounds according to formula (I) as described herein, wherein R⁷ is H or halogen.

Also an embodiment of the present invention are compounds according to formula (I) as described herein, wherein R⁸ is H or alkyl.

A particular embodiment of the present invention are compounds according to formula (I) as described herein, wherein R⁸ is H.

A more particular embodiment of the present invention are compounds according to formula (I) as described herein, wherein R¹ is substituted quinolinyl, substituted indolyl, substituted naphthyl or substituted pyridinyl, wherein substituted quinolinyl, substituted indolyl, substituted naphthyl and substituted pyridinyl are substituted with R⁶, R⁷ and R⁸, Y is —C(O)— and R² is the ring system A and of formula (Ib).

A further particular embodiment of the present invention are compounds according to formula (I) as described herein, wherein the compounds are of formula (Ic).

Particular examples of compounds of formula (I) as described herein are selected from

• [(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(6-chloro-naphthalen-2-yl)-methanone;
• 1-[(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-3-(4-trifluoromethoxy-phenyl)-propan-1-one;
• [(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(4′-fluoro-biphenyl-4-yl)-methanone;
• (E)-1-[(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-3-(4-trifluoromethoxy-phenyl)-propenone;
• [(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(6-bromo-naphthalen-2-yl)-methanone;
• [(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(6-methoxy-naphthalen-2-yl)-methanone;
• (E)-1-[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-((R)-4, 5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-3-(4-trifluoromethoxy-phenyl)-propenone;
• 6-[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrole-2-carbonyl]-naphthalene-2-carbonitrile;
• 1-[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-2-(4-trifluoromethoxy-phenoxy)-ethanone;
• 1-[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-2-(2-isopropyl-phenoxy)-ethanone;
• [(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(5-trifluoromethoxy-1H-indol-2-yl)-methanone;
• [(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(6-trifluoromethoxy-1H-indol-2-yl)-methanone;
• [(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-naphthalen-2-yl-methanone;
• [(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(6-methyl-naphthalen-2-yl)-methanone;
• [(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(7-methyl-naphthalen-2-yl)-methanone;
• [(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(6-phenyl-naphthalen-2-yl)-methanone;
• (6-bromo-naphthalen-2-yl)-[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-((R)-4, 5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-methanone;
• [(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(4′-chloro-biphenyl-4-yl)-methanone;
• (4′-chloro-biphenyl-4-yl)-[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-((R)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-methanone;
• [(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-((R)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(5-trifluoromethoxy-1H-indol-2-yl)-methanone;
• [(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-((R)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(6-trifluoromethoxy-1H-indol-2-yl)-methanone;
• [(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(3-methoxy-naphthalen-2-yl)-methanone;
• [(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(1-methoxy-naphthalen-2-yl)-methanone;
• [(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(1H-indol-2-yl)-methanone;
• [(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(1-methyl-1H-indol-2-yl)-methanone;
• [(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(4-cyclopropylmethoxy-naphthalen-2-yl)-methanone;
• [(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(4-methoxy-naphthalen-2-yl)-methanone;
• 2-[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrole-2-carbonyl]-1H-indole-5-carbonitrile;
• [(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(3-methoxy-phenyl)-methanone;
• [(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(4-methoxy-quinolin-2-yl)-methanone;
• [(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-[2-(4-chloro-phenyl)-5-methyl-oxazol-4-yl]-methanone;
• [(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-naphthalen-2-yl)-methanone;
• [(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(1-methyl-5-trifluoromethoxy-1H-indol-2-yl)-methanone;
• [(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(6-chloro-1H-indol-2-yl)-methanone;
• [(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(6-chloro-1-methyl-1H-indol-2-yl)-methanone;
• [(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(6-methyl-1H-indol-2-yl)-methanone;
• {2-[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrole-2-carbonyl]-indol-1-yl}-acetonitrile;
• [(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(1-isobutyl-1H-indol-2-yl)-methanone;
• [(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-quinolin-2-yl-methanone;
• [(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-isoquinolin-3-yl-methanone;
• [(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(1H-indol-6-yl)-methanone;
• 3-[(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrole-2-carbonyl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-naphthalen-1-one;
• [(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-chroman-2-yl-methanone;
• [(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(1H-indol-5-yl)-methanone;
• (4-methoxy-naphthalen-2-yl)-[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-((R)-4, 5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-methanone;
• [(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-[6-(4-chloro-phenyl)-pyridin-3-yl]-methanone;
• [(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(1-methoxy-isoquinolin-3-yl)-methanone;
• [(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(4-methyl-quinolin-2-yl)-methanone;
• [(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(5-chloro-1H-indol-2-yl)-methanone;
• [(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-[4-(2-methoxy-ethoxy)-naphthalen-2-yl]-methanone;
• [(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(7-phenyl-naphthalen-2-yl)-methanone;
• [(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(4-ethoxy-naphthalen-2-yl)-methanone;
• [(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(4-isopropoxy-naphthalen-2-yl)-methanone;
• [(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(4-benzyloxy-1H-indol-6-yl)-methanone;
• [(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-naphthalen-2-yl)-methanone;
• [(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(4,4-dimethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-naphthalen-2-yl)-methanone;
• [(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-[1-(3-methoxy-propyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-quinolin-3-yl]-methanone;
• [(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-[1-(2-methoxy-ethoxy)-isoquinolin-3-yl]-methanone;
• [(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(1-cyclopropylmethoxy-isoquinolin-3-yl)-methanone;
• (4-isopropoxy-naphthalen-2-yl)-[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-((R)-4, 5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-methanone;
• [(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-[1-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethoxy)-isoquinolin-3-yl]-methanone;
• [(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(4-isopropoxy-1H-indol-6-yl)-methanone;
• 4-[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(4-isopropoxy-naphthalene-2-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrole-2-carbonyl]-benzenesulfonamide;
• [6-(4-chloro-phenyl)-pyridin-3-yl]-[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-((R)-4, 5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-methanone;
• (1-cyclopropylmethoxy-isoquinolin-3-yl)-[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-((R)-4, 5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-methanone;
• [(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(4-isopropoxy-1-methyl-1H-indol-6-yl)-methanone;
• [(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(4-ethoxy-quinolin-2-yl)-methanone;
• [(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(4-isopropoxy-quinolin-2-yl)-methanone;
• [(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(6-chloro-9H-carbazol-2-yl)-methanone;
• [(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-[4-(2-methoxy-ethoxy)-quinolin-2-yl]-methanone;
• [(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(4-isopropoxy-7-trifluoromethyl-quinolin-2-yl)-methanone;
• [(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(4-cyclopropylmethoxy-quinolin-2-yl)-methanone;
• [(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-[5-(4-chloro-phenyl)-pyridin-2-yl]-methanone;
• [(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(1-ethoxy-isoquinolin-3-yl)-methanone;
• [(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(1-ethyl-4-isopropoxy-1H-indol-6-yl)-methanone;
• 6-[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrole-2-carbonyl]-3-(4-chloro-phenyl)-1H-pyridin-2-one;
• 1-[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(7-chloro-4-ethoxy-quinolin-2-yl)-methanone;
• (7-chloro-4-ethoxy-quinolin-2-yl)-[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-((R)-4, 5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]methanone;
• [(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(4-isopropoxy-5,6,7, 8-tetrahydro-naphthalen-2-yl)-methanone;
• (1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-{(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-[4-(2-methoxy-ethoxy)-7-trifluoromethyl-quinoline-2-carbonyl]-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl}-methanone;
• (1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-[(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-(4-ethoxy-6-trifluoromethyl-quinoline-2-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-methanone;
• [(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(4-ethoxy-1-ethyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-methanone;
• [(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-[1-ethyl-4-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethoxy)-1H-indol-5-yl]-methanone;
• 5-[(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-(4-ethoxy-quinoline-2-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrole-2-carbonyl]-pyridine-2-sulfonic acid amide;
• (1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-{(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-[4-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethoxy)-quinoline-2-carbonyl]-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl}-methanone;
• (1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-{(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-[4-ethoxy-1-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethyl)-1H-indole-6-carbonyl]-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl}-methanone;
• (1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-[(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-(5-chloro-4-cyclopropylmethoxy-pyridine-2-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-methanone;
• (1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-[(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-(5-cyclopropyl-6-cyclopropylmethoxy-pyridine-2-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-methanone;
• (3,4-dimethyl-phenyl)-[(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-(4-ethoxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-quinoline-2-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-methanone;
• (1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(4′-chloro-biphenyl-3-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-methanone;
• (1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-[(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-(4-ethoxy-7-methoxy-quinoline-2-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-methanone;
• [(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(4-Ethoxy-6-trifluoromethyl-quinoline-2-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(1H-[1,2,3]triazolo[4,5-b]pyridin-5-yl)-methanone;
• [(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1-ethoxy-isoquinoline-3-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(1H-[1,2,3]triazolo[4,5-b]pyridin-5-yl)-methanone;
• (1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-[(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-(6-cyclopropylmethoxy-5-trifluoromethyl-pyridine-2-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c; 3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-methanone;
• (1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-{(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-[5-cyclopropyl-4-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethoxy)-pyridine-2-carbonyl]-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl}-methanone;
• (1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-{(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-[6-cyclopropyl-5-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethoxy)-pyridazine-3-carbonyl]-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl}-methanone′]dipyrrol-2-yl}-methanone;
• [(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(6-chloro-4-ethoxy-quinolin-2-yl)-methanone;
• (1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-{(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-[6-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethoxy)-5-trifluoromethyl-pyridine-2-carbonyl]-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl}-methanone;
• (1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-{(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-[6-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethoxy)-pyridine-2-carbonyl]-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl}-methanone;
• (1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-{(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-[6-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethoxy)-pyridine-3-carbonyl]-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl}-methanone;
• (1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-{(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-[5-bromo-6-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethoxy)-pyridine-3-carbonyl]-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl}-methanone;
• (1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-{(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-[5-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethoxy)-pyridine-2-carbonyl]-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl}-methanone;
• [(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-(6-cyclopropylmethoxy-pyridazine-3-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(3,4-dimethyl-phenyl)-methanone;
• (1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-{(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-[5-bromo-2-methyl-6-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethoxy)-pyridine-3-carbonyl]-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl}-methanone;
• (1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-{(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-[5-cyclopropyl-6-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethoxy)-pyridine-3-carbonyl]-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl}-methanone;
• (1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-{(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-[6-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethoxy)-5-trifluoromethyl-pyridine-3-carbonyl]-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl}-methanone;
• (1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-{(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-[5-(tetrahydro-pyran-4-yl)-6-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethoxy)-pyridine-3-carbonyl]-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl}-methanone;
• (1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-{(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-[4-(4-chloro-phenyl)-5-(2, 2,2-trifluoro-ethoxy)-pyridine-2-carbonyl]-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl}-methanone;
• (1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-{(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-[5-furan-2-yl-6-(2,2,2-tri fluoro-ethoxy)-pyridine-3-carbonyl]-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl}-methanone;
• (1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-{(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-[5-chloro-6-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethoxy)-pyridine-3-carbonyl]-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl}-methanone;
• [(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-(4-ethoxy-quinoline-2-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(4-fluoro-1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-methanone;
• {(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-[5-methanesulfonyl-6-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethoxy)-pyridine-3-carbonyl]-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl}-phenyl-methanone;
• (3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrole-2-carboxylicacid 4-trifluoromethoxy-benzyl ester;
• (3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrole-2-carboxylic acid 3,5-dichloro-benzyl ester;
• (1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-[(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-(4′-fluoro-biphenyl-4-sulfonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-methanone;
• (1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-[(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-(6-chloro-naphthalene-2-sulfonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-methanone;
• [(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(6-trifluoromethyl-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-methanone;

and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

Further particular examples of compounds of formula (I) as described herein are selected from

• (E)-1-[(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-3-(4-trifluoromethoxy-phenyl)-propenone;
• (4-isopropoxy-naphthalen-2-yl)-[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-((R)-4, 5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-methanone;
• 4-[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(4-isopropoxy-naphthalene-2-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrole-2-carbonyl]-benzenesulfonamide;
• [(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(4-isopropoxy-1-methyl-1H-indol-6-yl)-methanone;
• [(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-[4-(2-methoxy-ethoxy)-quinolin-2-yl]-methanone;
• (1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-{(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-[5-bromo-6-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethoxy)-pyridine-3-carbonyl]-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl}-methanone;
• (3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrole-2-carboxylicacid 4-trifluoromethoxy-benzyl ester;

and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

Processes for the manufacture of compounds of formula (I) as described herein are an object of the invention.

The preparation of compounds of formula (I) of the present invention may be carried out in sequential or convergent synthetic routes. Syntheses of the invention are shown in the following general schemes. The skills required for carrying out the reactions and purifications of the resulting products are known to those persons skilled in the art. In case a mixture of enantiomers or diastereoisomers is produced during a reaction, these enantiomers or diastereoisomers can be separated by methods described herein or known to the man skilled in the art such as e.g. (chiral) chromatography or crystallization. The substituents and indices used in the following description of the processes have the significance given herein.

Compounds of general formula (I) can be synthesised from amine precursor 1 and appropriate reagents, using methods well known in the art.

For instance, amine 1 is reacted with a suitable chloroformate ester of formula R¹—O—C(O)—Cl (2) (R¹=substituted phenylalkyl), or with an imidazole-1-carboxylate ester of formula (3A, R¹=substituted phenylalkyl), or with a succinimidyl carbonate derivative of formula (3B, R¹=phenylalkyl), leading to a compound of formula (I) wherein R¹ is substituted phenylalkoxy.

The reaction is performed in a suitable solvent such as dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran, N,N-dimethylformamide, acetonitrile, acetone, water, or mixtures thereof, in the presence or not of a base, e. g., triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, pyridine, potassium hydrogencarbonate, potassium carbonate, at temperatures between 0° C. and the boiling point of the solvent or solvent mixture.

Chloroformate esters 2 are commercially available or can be synthesised from the corresponding alcohol of formula R¹—OH (R¹=substituted phenylalkyl), by reaction with phosgene or a phosgene equivalent (e. g., diphosgene, triphosgene), as described in the literature.

Imidazole-1-carboxylate esters 3A are synthesised from the corresponding alcohols of formula R¹—OH (R¹=substituted phenylalkyl), by reaction with 1,1′-carbonyldiimidazole. The reaction is performed at room temperature, in a solvent such as dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran or acetonitrile. The imidazole-1-carboxylate esters 3A are typically not isolated but directly reacted with amines 1 as described above.

Succinimidyl carbonate derivatives 3B are synthesised from the corresponding alcohols of formula R¹—OH (R¹=substituted phenylalkyl), by reaction with N,N′-disuccinimidyl carbonate. The reaction is performed at room temperature, in a solvent such as dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran, or acetonitrile, optionally in the presence of a base, e. g., triethylamine. The succinimidyl carbonate derivatives 3B are typically not isolated but directly reacted with amines 1 as described above.

Alcohols of formula R¹—OH are commercially available or can be produced by methods described herein or known in the art.

Alternatively, amine 1 is reacted with a suitable N-(chlorocarbonyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline 4, leading to compounds of formula (I) wherein R¹ is substituted 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolin-2-yl.

N-(chlorocarbonyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines (4) are synthesised from the corresponding 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines 5 by reaction with phosgene or a phosgene equivalent, as described herein or in the literature.

Alternatively, amine 1 is reacted with a suitable carboxylic acid of formula R¹—COOH (6) leading to a compound of formula (I). The reaction is performed in the presence of a coupling agent such as 1,1′-carbonyldiimidazole, N,N′-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethyl-carbodiimide hydrochloride, O-(benzotriazol-1-yl)-N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyluronium hexafluoro-phosphate, O-(7-azabenzotriazol-1-yl)-N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyluronium hexafluoro-phosphate or bromo-tris-pyrrolidino-phosphonium hexafluorophosphate, in aprotic solvents such as dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran, N,N-dimethylformamide, N-methylpyrrolidinone and mixtures thereof at temperatures between −40° C. and 80° C. in the presence or absence of a base such as triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, 4-methylmorpholine and/or 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine.

Amine 1 can also be reacted with suitable acylating reagents such as acyl chlorides of formula R¹—COCl (7) to lead to compounds of formula (I). The reaction is performed in a solvent such as dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran, or N,N-dimethylformamide, in the presence of a base such as triethylamine or 4-methylmorpholine, at temperatures between 0° C. and 80° C.

Carboxylic acids (6) and acyl halides (7) are commercially available or can be prepared as described herein or in the literature.

Alternatively, amine 1 is reacted with a suitable sulfonyl chloride of formula R¹—SO₂Cl (8), leading to compounds of formula (I) wherein Y is —S(O₂)—. The reaction is performed in a suitable solvent such as dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran, N,N-dimethylformamide, acetonitrile, acetone, water, or mixtures thereof, in the presence of a base, e. g., triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, pyridine, potassium hydrogencarbonate, potassium carbonate, at temperatures between 0° C. and the boiling point of the solvent or solvent mixture.

Sulfonyl chlorides (8) are commercially available or can be synthesised as described herein or in the literature.

Amines of general formula 1 are synthesised from tert-butyl carbamate precursors 9.

The deprotection of 9 may be performed in the presence of a suitable acid, e. g, hydrochloric acid or trifluoroacetic acid, in a solvent such as water, 2-propanol, dichloromethane, or 1,4-dioxane at temperatures between 0° C. and 30° C., leading to amine 1.

Amides 9 can be produced from amine 10 by reaction with appropriate reagents, using methods known in the art.

For instance, amine 10 is reacted with a suitable carboxylic acid of formula R²—COOH (11), leading to compounds of formula 9, The reaction is performed in the presence of a coupling agent such as 1,1′-carbonyldiimidazole, N,N′-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethyl-carbodiimide hydrochloride, O-(benzotriazol-1-yl)-N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyluronium hexafluoro-phosphate, O-(7-azabenzotriazol-1-yl)-N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyluronium hexafluoro-phosphate or bromo-tris-pyrrolidino-phosphonium hexafluorophosphate, in aprotic solvents such as dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran, N,N-dimethylformamide, N-methylpyrrolidinone and mixtures thereof at temperatures between −40° C. and 80° C. in the presence or absence of a base such as triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, 4-methylmorpholine and/or 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine.

Boc-protected amine 10 can be produced from diamine 12 using a suitable reagent, e. g., di-tert-butyl dicarbonate. The reaction is performed in a suitable solvent, e. g., dichloromethane, chloroform, or tetrahydrofuran, at temperatures between 0° C. and 30° C.

Alternatively, 10 can be produced from 12 in a two step sequence. In the first step, 12 is reacted with excess di-tert-butyl dicarbonate, leading to the diprotected intermediate 13. The dicarbamate 13 is mono-deprotected under suitable conditions, e. g., with hydrogen chloride, in solvents such as ethyl acetate, diethyl ether, 2-propanol, or mixtures thereof, leading to 10 as the hydrochloride salt.

Amines of general formula 1 can also be synthesised from diamine 12 by reaction with appropriate reagents, using methods known in the art. For instance, diamine 12 is reacted with a suitable carboxylic acid of formula R²—COOH (11), leading to compounds of formula 1, The reaction is performed in the presence of a coupling agent such as 1,1′-carbonyldiimidazole, N,N′-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, 1-(3-dimethyl aminopropyl)-3-ethyl-carbodiimide hydrochloride, O-(benzotriazol-1-yl)-N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyluronium hexafluoro-phosphate, O-(7-azabenzotriazol-1-yl)-N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyluronium hexafluoro-phosphate or bromo-tris-pyrrolidino-phosphonium hexafluorophosphate, in aprotic solvents such as dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran, N,N-dimethylformamide, N-methylpyrrolidinone and mixtures thereof at temperatures between −40° C. and 80° C. in the presence or absence of a base such as triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, 4-methylmorpholine and/or 4-(dimethylamino)pyri dine.

Compounds of formula (I), can also be produced from amine precursors of general formula 14 by reaction with appropriate reagents, using methods known in the art.

For instance, amine 14 is reacted with a suitable carboxylic acid of formula R²—COOH (11), leading to compounds of formula (I). The reaction is performed in the presence of a coupling agent such as 1,1′-carbonyldiimidazole, N,N′-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethyl-carbodiimide hydrochloride, O-(benzotriazol-1-yl)-N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyluronium hexafluoro-phosphate, O-(7-azabenzotriazol-1-yl)-N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyluronium hexafluoro-phosphate or bromo-tris-pyrrolidino-phosphonium hexafluorophosphate, in aprotic solvents such as dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran, N,N-dimethylformamide, N-methylpyrrolidinone and mixtures thereof at temperatures between −40° C. and 80° C. in the presence or absence of a base such as triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, 4-methylmorpholine and/or 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine.

Amines 14 can be synthesised from diamine 12, using methods and reagents known in the art.

For instance, diamine 12 is reacted with a suitable chloroformate ester of formula R¹—O—C(O)—Cl (2) (R¹=substituted phenylalkyl), or with an imidazole-1-carboxylate ester of formula (3A, R¹=substituted phenylalkyl), or with a succinimidyl carbonate derivative of formula (3B, R¹=phenylalkyl), leading to a compound of formula 14 wherein R¹ is substituted phenylalkoxy. The reaction is performed in a suitable solvent such as dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran, N,N-dimethylformamide, acetonitrile, acetone, water, or mixtures thereof, in the presence or not of a base, e. g., triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, pyridine, potassium hydrogencarbonate, potassium carbonate, at temperatures between 0° C. and the boiling point of the solvent or solvent mixture.

Alternatively, diamine 12 is reacted with a suitable N-(chlorocarbonyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline 4, leading to compounds of formula 14 wherein R¹ is substituted 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolin-2-yl.

Alternatively, diamine 12 is reacted with a suitable carboxylic acid of formula R¹—COOH (6) leading to a compound of formula 14. The reaction is performed in the presence of a coupling agent such as 1,1′-carbonyldiimidazole, N,N′-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethyl-carbodiimide hydrochloride, O-(benzotriazol-1-yl)-N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyluronium hexafluoro-phosphate, O-(7-azabenzotriazol-1-yl)-N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyluronium hexafluoro-phosphate or bromo-tris-pyrrolidino-phosphonium hexafluorophosphate, in aprotic solvents such as dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran, N,N-dimethylformamide, N-methylpyrrolidinone and mixtures thereof at temperatures between −40° C. and 80° C. in the presence or absence of a base such as triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, 4-methylmorpholine and/or 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine.

Diamine 12 can also be reacted with suitable acylating reagents such as acyl chlorides of formula R¹—COCl (7) to lead to compounds of formula 14. The reaction is performed in a solvent such as dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran, or N,N-dimethylformamide, in the presence of a base such as triethylamine or 4-methylmorpholine, at temperatures between 0° C. and 80° C.

Alternatively, diamine 12 is reacted with a suitable sulfonyl chloride of formula R¹—SO₂C (8), leading to compounds of formula 14 wherein Y is —S(O₂)—. The reaction is performed in a suitable solvent such as dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran, N,N-dimethylformamide, acetonitrile, acetone, water, or mixtures thereof, in the presence of a base, e. g., triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, pyridine, potassium hydrogencarbonate, potassium carbonate, at temperatures between 0° C. and the boiling point of the solvent or solvent mixture.

Alternatively, amines 14 can be synthesised from their tert-butyl carbamate derivatives of formula 15 by carbamate deprotection. The deprotection may be performed in the presence of a suitable acid, e. g, hydrochloric acid or trifluoroacetic acid, in a solvent such as water, 2-propanol, dichloromethane, or 1,4-dioxane, at temperatures between 0° C. and 30° C.

Intermediates 15 can be produced from amine 10 by reaction with appropriate reagents, using methods known in the art.

For instance, amine 10 is reacted with a suitable chloroformate ester of formula R¹—O—C(O)—Cl (2) (R¹=substituted phenylalkyl), or with an imidazole-1-carboxylate ester of formula (3A, R¹=substituted phenylalkyl), or with a succinimidyl carbonate derivative of formula (3B, R¹=phenylalkyl), leading to a compound of formula 15 wherein R¹ is substituted phenylalkoxy. The reaction is performed in a suitable solvent such as dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran, N,N-dimethylformamide, acetonitrile, acetone, water, or mixtures thereof, in the presence or not of a base, e. g., triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, pyridine, potassium hydrogencarbonate, potassium carbonate, at temperatures between 0° C. and the boiling point of the solvent or solvent mixture.

Alternatively, amine 10 is reacted with a suitable N-(chlorocarbonyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline 4, leading to compounds of formula 15 wherein R¹ is substituted 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolin-2-yl.

Alternatively, amine 10 is reacted with a suitable carboxylic acid of formula R¹—COOH (6) leading to a compound of formula 15. The reaction is performed in the presence of a coupling agent such as 1,1′-carbonyldiimidazole, N,N′-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethyl-carbodiimide hydrochloride, O-(benzotriazol-1-yl)-N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyluronium hexafluoro-phosphate, O-(7-azabenzotriazol-1-yl)-N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyluronium hexafluoro-phosphate or bromo-tris-pyrrolidino-phosphonium hexafluorophosphate, in aprotic solvents such as dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran, N,N-dimethylformamide, N-methylpyrrolidinone and mixtures thereof at temperatures between −40° C. and 80° C. in the presence or absence of a base such as triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, 4-methylmorpholine and/or 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine.

Amine 12 can also be reacted with suitable acylating reagents such as acyl chlorides of formula R¹—COCl (7) to lead to compounds of formula 15. The reaction is performed in a solvent such as dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran, or N,N-dimethylformamide, in the presence of a base such as triethylamine or 4-methylmorpholine, at temperatures between 0° C. and 80° C.

Alternatively, amine 10 is reacted with a suitable sulfonyl chloride of formula R¹—SO₂Cl (8), leading to compounds of formula 15 wherein Y is —S(O₂)—. The reaction is performed in a suitable solvent such as dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran, N,N-dimethylformamide, acetonitrile, acetone, water, or mixtures thereof, in the presence of a base, e. g., triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, pyridine, potassium hydrogencarbonate, potassium carbonate, at temperatures between 0° C. and the boiling point of the solvent or solvent mixture.

Diamine 12 can be synthesised in three step from N-benzylmaleimide (16), as illustrated in scheme 1.

In step 1, scheme 1, N-benzylmaleimide (16) undergoes photodimerisation by irradiation with ultraviolet light (λ=300 nm), leading to diimide 17. This reaction is performed in a suitable solvent, e. g., acetonitrile or dichloromethane, at temperatures between −30° C. and +40° C. The reaction can be performed either in batch mode or, more preferably, in a continuous flow reactor. The dimeric products can be formed as a mixture of stereoisomers (i. e., 3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR-17 and 3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR-17), which can be separated, e. g., by crystallisation.

In step 2, scheme 1, diimide 17 is reduced to the corresponding diamine 18, using reagents and conditions known in the art. The reaction is performed, e. g., using lithium aluminum hydride, in a solvent such as diethyl ether or tetrahydrofuran, at temperatures between 0° C. and the boiling point of the solvent.

In step 3, scheme 1, the benzyl groups of 18 are removed, leading to diamine 12, using methods and reagents known in the art, e. g., by catalytic hydrogenation. The reaction is performed in a suitable solvent, e. g., methanol or ethanol, at hydrogen pressures between 1 bar and 100 bar, at temperatures between 0° C. and 100° C., in the presence of a suitable catalyst, e. g., palladium on activated charcoal.

Also an embodiment of the present invention is a process to prepare a compound of formula (I) as defined above comprising the reaction of a compound of formula (II) in the presence of a compound of formula (III);

wherein R¹, R², A and Y are as defined above.

In particular, in the presence of a coupling agent such as O-(7-azabenzotriazol-1-yl)-N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyluronium hexafluoro-phosphate, in a solvent such as N,N-dimethylformamide, in the presence of a base such as 4-methylmorpholine and at a temperature comprised between −78° C. and reflux, particularly between −10° C. and room temperature.

Also an object of the present invention is a compound according to formula (I) as described herein for use as a therapeutically active substance.

Likewise an object of the present invention is a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound according to formula (I) as described herein and a therapeutically inert carrier.

A more particular object of the invention is the use of a compound according to formula (I) as described herein for the treatment or prophylaxis of fibrotic diseases, cancer and ocular conditions.

A furthermore particular object of the invention is the use of a compound according to formula (I) as described herein for the treatment or prophylaxis of fibrotic diseases and ocular conditions.

Renal conditions include, but are not limited to, acute kidney injury and chronic renal disease with and without proteinuria including end-stage renal disease (ESRD). In more detail, this includes decreased creatinine clearance and decreased glomerular filtration rate, micro-albuminuria, albuminuria and proteinuria, glomerulosclerosis with expansion of reticulated mesangial matrix with or without significant hypercellularity (particularly diabetic nephropathy and amyloidosis), focal thrombosis of glomerular capillaries (particularly thrombotic microangiopathies), global fibrinoid necrosis, ischemic lesions, malignant nephrosclerosis (such as ischemic retraction, reduced renal blood flow and renal arteriopathy), swelling and proliferation of intracapillary (endothelial and mesangial) and/or extracapillary cells (crescents) like in glomerular nephritis entities, focal segmental glomerular sclerosis, IgA nephropathy, vasculitides/systemic diseases as well as acute and chronic kidney transplant rejection.

Liver conditions include, but are not limited to, liver cirrhosis, hepatic congestion, cholestatic liver disease including pruritus, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and acute and chronic liver transplant rejection.

Inflammatory conditions include, but are not limited to, arthritis, osteoarthritis, multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematodes, inflammatory bowel disease, abnormal evacuation disorder and the like as well as inflammatory airways diseases such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or chronic asthma bronchiale.

Further conditions of the respiratory system include, but are not limited to, other diffuse parenchymal lung diseases of different etiologies including iatrogenic drug-induced fibrosis, occupational and/or environmental induced fibrosis, systemic diseases and vasculitides, granulomatous diseases (sarcoidosis, hypersensitivity pneumonia), collagen vascular disease, alveolar proteinosis, Langerhans cell granulomatosis, lymphangioleiomyomatosis, inherited diseases (Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome, tuberous sclerosis, neurofibromatosis, metabolic storage disorders, familial interstitial lung disease), radiation induced fibrosis, silicosis, asbestos induced pulmonary fibrosis or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).

Conditions of the nervous system include, but are not limited to, neuropathic pain, schizophrenia, neuro-inflammation (e.g. astrogliosis), peripheral and/or autonomic (diabetic) neuropathies and the like.

Vascular conditions include, but are not limited to, atherosclerosis, thrombotic vascular disease as well as thrombotic microangiopathies, proliferative arteriopathy (such as swollen myointimal cells surrounded by mucinous extracellular matrix and nodular thickening), atherosclerosis, decreased vascular compliance (such as stiffness, reduced ventricular compliance and reduced vascular compliance), endothelial dysfunction and the like.

Cardiovascular conditions include, but are not limited to, acute coronary syndrome, coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, arterial and pulmonary hypertension, cardiac arrhythmia such as atrial fibrillation, stroke and other vascular damage.

Fibrotic diseases include, but are not limited to myocardial and vascular fibrosis, renal fibrosis, liver fibrosis, pulmonary fibrosis, skin fibrosis, scleroderma and encapsulating peritonitis. A particular fibrotic disease is idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

In a particular embodiment, the compounds of formula (I) or their pharmaceutically acceptable salts and esters can be used for the treatment or prophylaxis of organ or skin fibrosis.

In another embodiment, the fibrotic disease is renal tubulo-interstitial fibrosis or glomerulosclerosis.

In another embodiment, the fibrotic disease is non-alcoholic liver steatosis, liver fibrosis or liver cirrhosis.

In another embodiment, the fibrotic disease is idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

Cancer and cancer metastasis include, but are not limited to, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, lung cancer, prostate cancer, mesothelioma, glioma, hepatic carcinoma, gastrointestinal cancers and progression and metastatic aggressiveness thereof.

Ocular conditions include, but are not limited to, proliferative and non-proliferative (diabetic) retinopathy, dry and wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD), (diabetic) macular edema, central arterial/venous occlusion, traumatic injury, glaucoma and the like. A particular ocular condition is glaucoma.

Metabolic conditions include, but are not limited to, obesity and diabetes.

In another embodiment, the compounds of formula (I) or their pharmaceutically acceptable salts and esters can be used for the treatment or prophylaxis of cholestatic or non-cholestatic chronic pruritus.

The present invention also relates to the use of a compound according to formula (I) as described herein for the treatment or prophylaxis of renal conditions, liver conditions, inflammatory conditions, conditions of the nervous system, conditions of the respiratory system, vascular and cardiovascular conditions, fibrotic diseases, cancer, ocular conditions, metabolic conditions, cholestatic and other forms of chronic pruritus and acute and chronic organ transplant rejection.

The present invention also particularly relates to the use of a compound according to formula (I) as described herein for the treatment or prophylaxis of fibrotic diseases, cancer and ocular conditions.

The present invention also more particularly relates to the use of a compound according to formula (I) as described herein for the treatment or prophylaxis of fibrotic diseases and ocular conditions.

Another embodiment of the present invention is a compound according to formula (I) as described herein for the treatment or prophylaxis of renal conditions, liver conditions, inflammatory conditions, conditions of the nervous system, conditions of the respiratory system, vascular and cardiovascular conditions, fibrotic diseases, cancer, ocular conditions, metabolic conditions, cholestatic and other forms of chronic pruritus and acute and chronic organ transplant rejection.

Another particular embodiment of the present invention is a compound according to formula (I) as described herein for the treatment or prophylaxis fibrotic diseases, cancer and ocular conditions.

Another more particular embodiment of the present invention is a compound according to formula (I) as described herein for the treatment or prophylaxis fibrotic diseases and ocular conditions.

The present invention also relates to the use of a compound according to formula (I) as described herein for the preparation of a medicament for the treatment or prophylaxis renal conditions, liver conditions, inflammatory conditions, conditions of the nervous system, conditions of the respiratory system, vascular and cardiovascular conditions, fibrotic diseases, cancer, ocular conditions, metabolic conditions, cholestatic and other forms of chronic pruritus and acute and chronic organ transplant rejection.

The present invention also particularly relates to the use of a compound according to formula (I) as described herein for the preparation of a medicament for the treatment or prophylaxis of fibrotic diseases, cancer and ocular conditions.

The present invention also further particularly relates to the use of a compound according to formula (I) as described herein for the preparation of a medicament for the treatment or prophylaxis of fibrotic diseases and ocular conditions.

Also an object of the invention is a method for the treatment or prophylaxis of renal conditions, liver conditions, inflammatory conditions, conditions of the nervous system, conditions of the respiratory system, vascular and cardiovascular conditions, fibrotic diseases, cancer, ocular conditions, metabolic conditions, cholestatic and other forms of chronic pruritus and acute and chronic organ transplant rejection, which method comprises administering an effective amount of a compound according to formula (I) as described herein.

Also a particular object of the invention is a method for the treatment or prophylaxis of fibrotic diseases, cancer and ocular conditions, which method comprises administering an effective amount of a compound according to formula (I) as described herein.

Also a more particular object of the invention is a method for the treatment or prophylaxis of fibrotic diseases and ocular conditions, which method comprises administering an effective amount of a compound according to formula (I) as described herein.

In a particular embodiment, the renal condition is selected from the group consisting of acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, diabetic nephropathy, acute kidney transplant rejection and chronic allograft nephropathy.

In another particular embodiment, the renal condition is acute kidney injury.

In another particular embodiment, the renal condition is chronic kidney disease.

In a further particular embodiment, the renal condition is diabetic nephropathy.

In another particular embodiment, the renal condition is acute kidney transplant rejection.

In another particular embodiment, the renal condition is chronic allograft nephropathy.

In a particular embodiment, the liver condition is acute and chronic liver transplant rejection

In a particular embodiment, the inflammatory condition is arthritis.

In a particular embodiment, the condition of the nervous system is neuropathic pain.

In another embodiment, the fibrotic disease is encapsulating peritonitis

In another embodiment, the fibrotic disease is idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

In another embodiment, the fibrotic disease is non-alcoholic liver steatosis, liver fibrosis or liver cirrhosis.

Also an embodiment of the present invention are compounds of formula (I) as described herein, when manufactured according to any one of the described processes.

Assay Procedures

Production of Human Full Length ATX, with and without His Tag

Autotaxin (ATX-ENPP2) Cloning:

cDNA was prepared from commercial human hematopoietic cells total RNA and used as template in overlapping PCR to generate a full length human ENPP2 ORF with or without a 3′-6×His tag. These full length inserts were cloned into the pcDNA3.1V5-His TOPO (Invitrogen) vector. The DNA sequences of several single clones were verified. The DNA from a correct full length clone was used to transfect Hek293 cells for verification of protein expression. The sequence of the encoded ENPP2 conforms to Swissprot entry Q13822, with or without the additional C-terminal 6×His tag.

ATX Fermentation:

Recombinant protein was produced by large-scale transient transfection in 20 L controlled stirred tank bioreactors (Sartorius). During cell growth and transfection, temperature, stirrer speed, pH and dissolved oxygen concentration were maintained at 37° C., 120 rpm, 7.1 and 30% DO, respectively. FreeStyle 293-F cells (Invitrogen) were cultivated in suspension in FreeStyle 293 medium (Invitrogen) and transfected at ca. 1-1.5×10E6 cells/mL with above plasmid DNAs using X-tremeGENE Ro-1539 (commercial product, Roche Diagnostics) as complexing agent. Cells were fed a concentrated nutrient solution (J Immunol Methods 194 (1996), 19, 1-199 (page 193)) and induced by sodium butyrate (2 mM) at 72 h post-transfection and harvested at 96 h post-transfection. Expression was analyzed by Western Blot, enzymatic assay and/or analytical IMAC chromatography. After cooling the cell suspension to 4° C. in a flow-through heat exchanger, cell separation and sterile filtration of supernatant was performed by filtration through Zeta Plus 60M02 E16 (Cuno) and Sartopore 2 XLG (Sartorius) filter units. The supernatant was stored at 4° C. prior to purification.

ATX Purification:

20 liter of culture supernatant were conditioned for ultrafiltration by adding Brij 35 to a final concentration of 0.02% and by adjusting the pH to 7.0 using 1 M HCl. Then the supernatant was first microfiltred through a 0.2 μm Ultran-Pilot Open Channel PES filter (Whatman) and afterwards concentrated to 1 liter through an Ultran-Pilot Screen Channel PES filter with 30 kDa MWCO (Whatman). Prior to IMAC chromatography, NiSO₄ was added to a final concentration of 1 mM. The cleared supernatant was then applied to a HisTrap column (GE Healthcare) previously equilibrated in 50 mM Na₂HPO₄ pH 7.0, 0.5 M NaCl, 10% glycerol, 0.3% CHAPS, 0.02% NaN₃. The column was washed stepwise with the same buffer containing 20 mM, 40 mM and 50 mM imidazole, respectively. The protein was subsequently eluted using a linear gradient to 0.5 M imidazole in 15 column volumes. ATX containing fractions were pooled and concentrated using an Amicon cell equipped with a 30 kDa PES filter membrane. The protein was further purified by size exclusion chromatography on Superdex S-200 prep grade (XK 26/100) (GE Healthcare) in 20 mM BICINE pH 8.5, 0.15 M NaCl, 10% glycerol, 0.3% CHAPS, 0.02% NaN₃. Final yield of protein after purification was 5-10 mg ATX per liter of culture supernatant. The protein was stored at −80° C.

Human ATX Enzyme Inhibition Assay

ATX inhibition was measured by a fluorescence quenching assay using a specifically labeled substrate analogue (MR121 substrate). To obtain this MR121 substrate, BOC and TBS protected 6-amino-hexanoic acid (R)-3-({2-[3-(2-{2-[2-(2-amino-ethoxy)-ethoxy]-ethoxy}-ethoxy)-propionylamino]-ethoxy}-hydroxy-phosphoryloxy)-2-hydroxy-propyl ester (Ferguson et al., Org Lett 2006, 8 (10), 2023) was labeled with MR121 fluorophore (CAS 185308-24-1, 1-(3-carboxypropyl)-11-ethyl-1,2,3,4,8,9,10,11-octahydro-dipyrido[3,2-b:2′,3′-i]phenoxazin-13-ium) on the free amine of the ethanolamine side and then, after deprotection, subsequently with tryptophan on the side of the aminohexanoic acid.
Assay working solutions were made as follows:
Assay buffer (50 mM Tris-HCl, 140 mM NaCl, 5 mM KCl, 1 mM CaCl₂, 1 mM MgCl₂, 0.01% Triton-X-100, pH 8.0;
ATX solution: ATX (human His-tagged) stock solution (1.08 mg/mL in 20 mM bicine, pH 8.5, 0.15 M NaCl, 10% glycerol, 0.3% CHAPS, 0.02% NaN₃), diluted to 1.4-2.5× final concentration in assay buffer;
MR121 substrate solution: MR121 substrate stock solution (800 μM MR121 substrate in DMSO), diluted to 2-5× final concentration in assay buffer.
Test compounds (10 mM stock in DMSO, 8 μL) were obtained in 384 well sample plates (Corning Costar #3655) and diluted with 8 μL DMSO. Row-wise serial dilutions were made by transferring 8 μL cpd solution to the next row up to row O. The compound and control solutions were mixed five times and 2 μL were transferred to 384 well assay plates (Corning Costar #3702). Then, 15 μL of 41.7 nM ATX solution was added (30 nM final concentration), mixed five times and then incubated for 15 minutes at 30° C. 10 μL of MR121 substrate solution was added (1 μM final concentration), mixed 30 times and then incubated for 15 minutes at 30° C. Fluorescence was then measured every 2 minutes for 1 hour (Perkin Elmer plate: vision multimode reader); light intensity: 2.5%; exp. time: 1.4 sec, Filter: Fluo_630/690 nm) and IC₅₀ values were calculated from these readouts.
IC₅₀ values for the examples of this invention are given in the table below:

Example IC50 (μM)
1       0.034
1.001   0.011
1.002   0.064
1.003   0.0085
1.004   0.017
1.005   0.12
1.006   0.008
1.007   0.062
1.008   0.036
1.009   0.008
1.010   0.016
1.011   0.008
1.012   0.086
1.013   0.054
1.014   0.045
1.015   0.011
1.016   0.017
1.017   0.008
1.018   0.016
1.019   0.0115
1.020   0.006
1.021   0.265
1.022   0.155
1.023   1.473
1.024   0.377
1.025   0.0085
1.026   0.0115
1.027   0.828
1.028   2.834
1.029   0.07
1.030   0.104
1.031   0.224
1.032   0.013
1.033   0.104
1.034   0.489
1.035   0.243
1.036   0.13
1.037   0.1587
1.038   0.687
1.039   3.33
1.040   8.674
1.041   0.538
1.042   0.632
1.043   1.406
1.044   0.013
1.045   0.011
1.046   0.028
1.047   0.205
1.048   0.208
1.049   0.004
1.050   0.008
1.051   0.007
1.052   0.0035
1.053   0.014
1.054   0.0592
1.055   0.022
1.056   0.029
1.057   0.0077
1.058   0.0053
1.059   0.0013
1.060   0.0047
1.061   0.0405
1.062   0.009
1.063   0.001
1.064   0.001
1.065   0.0065
1.066   0.005
1.067   0.005
1.068   0.0143
1.069   0.008
1.070   0.004
1.071   0.0035
1.072   0.006
1.073   0.0035
1.074   0.005
1.075   0.02
1.076   0.0125
1.077   0.0075
1.078   0.0035
1.079   0.0315
1.080   0.0025
1.081   0.0075
1.082   0.003
1.083   0.1535
1.084   0.005
1.085   0.0027
1.086   0.017
1.087   0.0153
1.088   0.0413
1.089   0.02
1.090   0.019
1.091   0.017
1.092   0.018
1.093   0.017
1.094   0.077
1.095   0.032
1.096   0.012
1.097   0.025
1.098   0.859
1.099   0.277
1.100   0.01
1.101   4.433
1.102   0.992
1.103   0.027
1.104   0.01
1.105   0.008
1.106   0.169
1.107   0.141
1.108   0.006
1.109   0.301
1.110   0.0325
1.111   0.3305
2       0.014
2.001   0.0045
3       0.173
3.001   0.232
4       0.07

Compounds of formula (I) and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts or esters thereof as described herein have IC₅₀ values between 0.00001 μM and 1000 μM, particular compounds have IC₅₀ values between 0.0005 μM and 500 μM, further particular compounds have IC₅₀ values between 0.0005 μM and 50 μM, more particular compounds have IC₅₀ values between 0.0005 μM and 5 μM. These results have been obtained by using the enzymatic assay described above.

The compounds of formula (I) and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts can be used as medicaments (e.g. in the form of pharmaceutical preparations). The pharmaceutical preparations can be administered internally, such as orally (e.g. in the form of tablets, coated tablets, dragées, hard and soft gelatin capsules, solutions, emulsions or suspensions), nasally (e.g. in the form of nasal sprays) or rectally (e.g. in the form of suppositories). However, the administration can also be effected parenterally, such as intramuscularly or intravenously (e.g. in the form of injection solutions).

The compounds of formula (I) and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts can be processed with pharmaceutically inert, inorganic or organic adjuvants for the production of tablets, coated tablets, dragées and hard gelatin capsules. Lactose, corn starch or derivatives thereof, talc, stearic acid or its salts etc. can be used, for example, as such adjuvants for tablets, dragées and hard gelatin capsules.

Suitable adjuvants for soft gelatin capsules, are, for example, vegetable oils, waxes, fats, semi-solid substances and liquid polyols, etc.

Suitable adjuvants for the production of solutions and syrups are, for example, water, polyols, saccharose, invert sugar, glucose, etc.

Suitable adjuvants for injection solutions are, for example, water, alcohols, polyols, glycerol, vegetable oils, etc.

Suitable adjuvants for suppositories are, for example, natural or hardened oils, waxes, fats, semi-solid or liquid polyols, etc.

Moreover, the pharmaceutical preparations can contain preservatives, solubilizers, viscosity-increasing substances, stabilizers, wetting agents, emulsifiers, sweeteners, colorants, flavorants, salts for varying the osmotic pressure, buffers, masking agents or antioxidants. They can also contain still other therapeutically valuable substances.

The dosage can vary in wide limits and will, of course, be fitted to the individual requirements in each particular case. In general, in the case of oral administration a daily dosage of about 0.1 mg to 20 mg per kg body weight, preferably about 0.5 mg to 4 mg per kg body weight (e.g. about 300 mg per person), divided preferably into 1-3 individual doses, which can consist, for example, of the same amounts, should it be appropriate. It will, however, be clear that the upper limit given herein can be exceeded when this is shown to be indicated.

The invention is illustrated hereinafter by Examples, which have no limiting character.

In case the preparative examples are obtained as a mixture of enantiomers, the pure enantiomers can be obtained by methods described herein or by methods known to those skilled in the art, such as e.g. chiral chromatography or crystallization.

EXAMPLES

All examples and intermediates were prepared under nitrogen atmosphere if not specified otherwise.

ABBREVIATIONS

aq.=aqueous; CAS-RN=Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number; e.r.=enantiomeric ratio; HPLC=high performance liquid chromatography; MS=mass spectrum; NMR=nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum; sat.=saturated

Example 1

[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(6-chloro-naphthalen-2-yl)-methanone

To a solution of (3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-decahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrole (intermediate 1; 30 mg, 217 μmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (3.5 ml) were added N-methylmorpholine (110 mg, 1.09 mmol), 6-chloro-naphthalene-2-carboxylic acid (CAS-RN 5042-97-7; 44.9 mg, 217 μmol) and O-(7-azabenzotriazol-1-yl)-N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyluronium hexafluoro-phosphate (82.5 mg, 217 μmol). After stirring for 8 h at room temperature 1H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazole-5-carboxylic acid (35.4 mg, 217 μmol, Eq: 1.00) and O-(7-azabenzotriazol-1-yl)-N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyluronium hexafluoro-phosphate (82.5 mg, 217 μmol) were added, then after 16 h the reaction mixture was partitioned between sat. aq. ammonium chloride solution and ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with brine, dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and evaporated. Chromatography (silica gel; gradient dichloromethane to dichloromethane/methanol/25% aq. ammonia solution 90:10:0.25) produced the title compound (51 mg, 50%). Off-white solid, MS: 472.5 (M+H)⁺.

The following examples were produced in analogy to example 1, replacing 6-chloro-naphthalene-2-carboxylic acid and 1H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazole-5-carboxylic acid by carboxylic acid 1 and carboxylic acid 2, respectively.

		carboxylic	carboxylic	MS,
Ex.	Systematic Name	acid 1	acid 2	m/e
1.001	1-[(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-(1H-	4-(trifluoro-	1H-benzo[d]-	500.6
	benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-	methoxy)-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-3-(4-	hydrocinnamic	5-carboxylic
	trifluoromethoxy-phenyl)-propan-1-one	acid (CAS-RN	acid
		886499-74-7)
1.002	[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-	4′-fluorobiphenyl-	1H-benzo[d]-	482.5
	5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	4-carboxylic acid	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(4′-fluoro-biphenyl-4-yl)-	(CAS-RN 5731-	5-carboxylic
	methanone	10-2)	acid
1.003	(E)-1-[(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-(1H-	4-(trifluoro-	1H-benzo[d]-	498.5
	benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-	methoxy)-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-3-(4-	cinnamic acid	5-carboxylic
	trifluoromethoxy-phenyl)-propenone	(CAS-RN	acid
		199679-35-1)
1.004	[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-	6-bromo-2-	1H-benzo[d]-	514.8
	5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	naphthoic acid	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M − H)−
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(6-bromo-naphthalen-2-	(CAS-RN 5773-	5-carboxylic
	yl)-methanone	80-8)	acid
1.005	[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-	6-methoxy-2-	1H-benzo[d]-	468.7
	5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	naphthoic acid	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(6-methoxy-naphthalen-2-	(CAS-RN 2471-	5-carboxylic
	yl)-methanone	70-7)	acid
1.006	(E)-1-[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-((R)-4,5,6,7-	4-(trifluoro-	(+)-(R)-	502.7
	tetrahydro-1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-	methoxy)-	4,5,6,7-	(M + H)+
	octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol	cinnamic acid	tetrahydro-1H-
	2-yl]-3-(4-trifluoromethoxy-phenyl)-	(CAS-RN	benzo[d]-
	propenone	199679-35-1)	[1,2,3]triazole-
			5-carboxylic acid (intermediate 11)
1.007	6-[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-	6-cyano-2-	1H-benzo[d]-	463.5
	benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-	naphthoic acid	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrole-2-	(CAS-RN 5159-	5-carboxylic
	carbonyl]-naphthalene-2-carbonitrile	60-4)	acid
1.008	1-[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-	2-(4-(trifluoro-	1H-benzo[d]-	502.4
	benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-	methoxy)-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-2-(4-	phenoxy)acetic	5-carboxylic
	trifluoromethoxy-phenoxy)-ethanone	acid (CAS-RN	acid
		72220-50-9)
1.009	1-[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-	2-(2-isopropyl-	1H-benzo[d]-	460.4
	benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-	phenoxy)acetic	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-2-(2-	acid (CAS-RN	5-carboxylic
	isopropyl-phenoxy)-ethanone	25141-58-6)	acid
1.010	[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-	5-(trifluoro-	1H-benzo[d]-	511.0
	5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	methoxy)-1H-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(5-trifluoromethoxy-1H-	indole-2-	5-carboxylic
	indol-2-yl)-methanone	carboxylic acid	acid
		(CAS-RN 175203-84-6)
1.011	[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-	6-(trifluoro-	1H-benzo[d]-	511.7
	5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	methoxy)-1H-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(6-trifluoromethoxy-1H-	indole-2-	5-carboxylic
	indol-2-yl)-methanone	carboxylic acid	acid
		(CAS-RN 923259-70-5)
1.012	[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-	2-naphthoic acid	1H-benzo[d]-	438.7
	5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	(CAS-RN 93-09-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-naphthalen-2-yl-	4)	5-carboxylic
	methanone		acid
1.013	[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-	6-methyl-2-	1H-benzo[d]-	452.6
	5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	naphthoic acid	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(6-methyl-naphthalen-2-	(CAS-RN 5774-	5-carboxylic
	yl)-methanone	08-3)	acid
1.014	[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-	7-methyl-2-	1H-benzo[d]-	452.7
	5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	naphthoic acid	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(7-methyl-naphthalen-2-	(CAS-RN 5159-	5-carboxylic
	yl)-methanone	64-8)	acid
1.015	[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-	6-phenyl-2-	1H-benzo[d]-	514.6
	5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	naphthoic acid	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(6-phenyl-naphthalen-2-	(CAS-RN	5-carboxylic
	yl)-methanone	855207-53-3)	acid
1.016	(6-bromo-naphthalen-2-yl)-	6-bromo-2-	(+)-(R)-	520.5
	[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-((R)-4,5,6,7-	naphthoic acid	4,5,6,7-	(M + H)+
	tetrahydro-1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-	(CAS-RN 5773-	tetrahydro-1H-
	octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-	80-8)	benzo[d]-
	2-yl]-methanone		[1,2,3]triazole-
			5-carboxylic acid (intermediate 11)
1.017	[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-	4′-chlorobiphenyl-	1H-benzo[d]-	498.6
	5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	4-carboxylic acid	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(4′-chloro-biphenyl-4-yl)-	(CAS-RN 5748-	5-carboxylic
	methanone	41-4)	acid
1.018	(4′-chlorobiphenyl-4-yl)-	4′-chlorobiphenyl-	(+)-(R)-	502.5
	[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-((R)-4,5,6,7-	4-carboxylic acid	4,5,6,7-	(M + H)+
	tetrahydro-1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-	(CAS-RN 5748-	tetrahydro-1H-
	octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-	41-4)	benzo[d]-
	2-yl]-methanone		[1,2,3]triazole-
			5-carboxylic acid (intermediate 11)
1.019	[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-((R)-4,5,6,7-	5-(trifluoro-	(+)-(R)-	515.7
	tetrahydro-1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-	methoxy)-1H-	4,5,6,7-	(M + H)+
	octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-	indole-2-	tetrahydro-1H-
	2-yl]-(5-trifluoromethoxy-1H-indol-2-yl)-	carboxylic acid	benzo[d]-
	methanone	(CAS-RN	[1,2,3]triazole-
		175203-84-6)	5-carboxylic acid (intermediate 11)
1.020	[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-((R)-4,5,6,7-	6-(trifluoro-	(+)-(R)-	515.7
	tetrahydro-1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-	methoxy)-1H-	4,5,6,7-	(M + H)+
	octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-	indole-2-	tetrahydro-1H-
	2-yl]-(6-trifluoromethoxy-1H-indol-2-yl)-	carboxylic acid	benzo[d]-
	methanone	(CAS-RN	[1,2,3]triazole-
		923259-70-5)	5-carboxylic acid (intermediate 11)
1.021	[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-	3-methoxy-2-	1H-benzo[d]-	468.6
	5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	naphthoic acid	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(3-methoxy-naphthalen-2-	(CAS-RN 883-62-	5-carboxylic
	yl)-methanone	5)	acid
1.022	[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-	1-methoxy-2-	1H-benzo[d]-	468.6
	5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	naphthoic acid	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(1-methoxy-naphthalen-2-	(CAS-RN 883-21-	5-carboxylic
	yl)-methanone	6)	acid
1.023	[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-	1H-indole-2-	1H-benzo[d]-	427.5
	5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	carboxylic acid	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(1H-indol-2-yl)-	(CAS-RN 1477-	5-carboxylic
	methanone	50-5)	acid
1.024	[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-	1-methyl-1H-	1H-benzo[d]-	441.5
	5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	indole-2-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(1-methyl-1H-indol-2-yl)-	carboxylic acid	5-carboxylic
	methanone	(CAS-RN 16136-	acid
		58-6)
1.025	[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-	4-(cyclopropyl-	1H-benzo[d]-	508.6
	5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	methoxy)-2-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(4-cyclopropylmethoxy-	naphthoic acid	5-carboxylic
	naphthalen-2-yl)-methanone		acid
1.026	[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-	4-methoxy-2-	1H-benzo[d]-	468.5
	5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	naphthoic acid	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(4-methoxy-naphthalen-2-	(CAS-RN 5773-	5-carboxylic
	yl)-methanone	93-3)	acid
1.027	2-[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-	5-cyano-1H-	1H-benzo[d]-	452.6
	benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-	indole-2-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrole-2-	carboxylic acid	5-carboxylic
	carbonyl]-1H-indole-5-carbonitrile	(CAS-RN	acid
		169463-44-9)
1.028	[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-	3-methoxy-	1H-benzo[d]-	418.5
	5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	benzoic acid	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(3-methoxy-phenyl)-	(CAS-RN 586-38-	5-carboxylic
	methanone	9)	acid
1.029	[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-	4-methoxy-2-	1H-benzo[d]-	469.5
	5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	quinoline-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(4-methoxy-quinolin-2-	carboxylic acid	5-carboxylic
	yl)-methanone	(CAS-RN 15733-	acid
		83-2)
1.030	[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-	2-(4-	1H-benzo[d]-	503.6
	5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	chlorophenyl)-5-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-[2-(4-chloro-phenyl)-5-	methyl-1,3-	5-carboxylic
	methyl-oxazol-4-yl]-methanone	oxazole-4-	acid
		carboxylic acid (CAS-RN 2940- 23-0)
1.031	[(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-	1,2,3,4-	1H-benzo[d]-	442.7
	5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	tetrahydro-2-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-	naphthoic acid	5-carboxylic
	naphthalen-2-yl)-methanone	(CAS-RN 53440-	acid
		12-3)
1.032	[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-	1-methyl-5-	1H-benzo[d]-	525.7
	5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	(trifluoro-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(1-methyl-5-	methoxy)-1H-	5-carboxylic
	trifluoromethoxy-1H-indol-2-yl)-	indole-2-	acid
	methanone	carboxylic acid
		(CAS-RN 1257122-42-1)
1.033	[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-	6-chloro-1H-	1H-benzo[d]-	461.6
	5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	indole-2-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(6-chloro-1H-indol-2-yl)-	carboxylic acid	5-carboxylic
	methanone	(CAS-RN 16732-	acid
		75-5)
1.034	[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-	6-chloro-1-	1H-benzo[d]-	475.6
	5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	methyl-1H-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(6-chloro-1-methyl-1H-	indole-2-	5-carboxylic
	indol-2-yl)-methanone	carboxylic acid	acid
1.035	[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-	6-methyl-1H-	1H-benzo[d]-	441.7
	5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	indole-2-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(6-methyl-1H-indol-2-yl)-	carboxylic acid	5-carboxylic
	methanone	(CAS-RN 18474-	acid
		59-4)
1.036	{2-[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-	1-(cyanomethyl)-	1H-benzo[d]-	466.6
	benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-	1H-indole-2-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrole-2-	carboxylic acid	5-carboxylic
	carbonyl]-indol-1-yl}-acetonitrile	(CAS-RN	acid
		959089-89-5)
1.037	[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-	1-isobutyl-1H-	1H-benzo[d]-	483.7
	5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	indole-2-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(1-isobutyl-1H-indol-2-	carboxylic acid	5-carboxylic
	yl)-methanone	(CAS-RN	acid
		1020986-39-3)
1.038	[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-	quinaldic acid	1H-benzo[d]-	439.5
	5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	(CAS-RN 93-10-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-quinolin-2-yl-methanone	7)	5-carboxylic
			acid
1.039	[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-	isoquinoline-3-	1H-benzo[d]-	439.5
	5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	carboxylic acid	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-isoquinolin-3-yl-	(CAS-RN 6624-	5-carboxylic
	methanone	49-3)	acid
1.040	[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-	indole-6-	1H-benzo[d]-	427.7
	5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	carboxylic acid	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(1H-indol-6-yl)-	(CAS-RN 1670-	5-carboxylic
	methanone	82-2)	acid
1.041	3-[(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-(1H-	4-oxo-1,2,3,4-	1H-benzo[d]-	456.5
	benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-	tetrahydro-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrole-2-	naphthalene-2-	5-carboxylic
	carbonyl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-naphthalen-1-	carboxylic acid	acid
	one	(CAS-RN 6566-
		40-1)
1.042	[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-	chroman-2-	1H-benzo[d]-	444.7
	5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	carboxylic acid	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-chroman-2-yl-methanone	(CAS-RN 51939-	5-carboxylic
		71-0)	acid
1.043	[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-	indole-5-	1H-benzo[d]-	427.6
	5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	carboxylic acid	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(1H-indol-5-yl)-	(CAS-RN 1670-	5-carboxylic
	methanone	81-1)	acid
1.044	(4-methoxy-naphthalen-2-yl)-	4-methoxy-2-	(+)-(R)-	472.7
	[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-((R)-4,5,6,7-	naphthoic acid	4,5,6,7-	(M + H)+
	tetrahydro-1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-	(CAS-RN 5773-	tetrahydro-1H-
	octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-	93-3)	benzo[d]-
	2-yl]-methanone		[1,2,3]triazole-
			5-carboxylic acid (intermediate 11)
1.045	[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-	6-(4-	1H-benzo[d]-	499.4
	5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	chlorophenyl)-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-[6-(4-chloro-phenyl)-	nicotinic acid	5-carboxylic
	pyridin-3-yl]-methanone	(CAS-RN 31676-	acid
		66-1)
1.046	[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-	1-methoxyiso-	1H-benzo[d]-	469.6
	5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	quinoline-3-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(1-methoxy-isoquinolin-3-	carboxylic acid	5-carboxylic
	yl)-methanone	(CAS-RN	acid
		1094553-95-3)
1.047	[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-	4-	1H-benzo[d]-	453.5
	5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	methylquinoline-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(4-methyl-quinolin-2-yl)-	2-carboxylic acid	5-carboxylic
	methanone	(CAS-RN 40609-	acid
		76-5)
1.048	[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-	5-chloroindole-2-	1H-benzo[d]-	461.4
	5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	carboxylic acid	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(5-chloro-1H-indol-2-yl)-	(CAS-RN 10517-	5-carboxylic
	methanone	21-2)	acid
1.049	[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-	4-(2-	1H-benzo[d]-	512.4
	5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	methoxyethoxy)-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-[4-(2-methoxy-ethoxy)-	2-naphthoic acid	5-carboxylic
	naphthalen-2-yl]-methanone		acid
1.050	[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-	7-phenyl-	1H-benzo[d]-	514.6
	5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	naphthalene-2-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(7-phenyl-naphthalen-2-	carboxylic acid	5-carboxylic
	yl)-methanone	(CAS-RN	acid
		229006-56-8)
1.051	[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-	4-ethoxy-	1H-benzo[d]-	482.6
	5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	naphthalene-2-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(4-ethoxy-naphthalen-2-	carboxylic acid	5-carboxylic
	yl)-methanone	(CAS-RN	acid
		1368864-77-0)
1.052	[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-	4-isopropoxy-	1H-benzo[d]-	496.5
	5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	naphthalene-2-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(4-isopropoxy-	carboxylic acid	5-carboxylic
	naphthalen-2-yl)-methanone	(CAS-RN	acid
		1368865-02-4)
1.053	[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-	4-benzyloxy-1H-	1H-benzo[d]-	533.4
	5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	indole-6-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(4-benzyloxy-1H-indol-6-	carboxylic acid	5-carboxylic
	yl)-methanone	(CAS-RN	acid
		105265-24-5)
1.054	[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-	5,6,7,8-	1H-benzo[d]-	442.5
	5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	tetrahydro-2-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-	naphthoic acid	5-carboxylic
	naphthalen-2-yl)-methanone	(CAS-RN 1131-	acid
		63-1)
1.055	[(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-	4,4-dimethyl-	1H-benzo[d]-	470.7
	5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	1,2,3,4-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(4,4-dimethyl-1,2,3,4-	tetrahydro-	5-carboxylic
	tetrahydro-naphthalen-2-yl)-methanone	naphthalene-2-	acid
		carboxylic acid (CAS-RN 23204- 02-6)
1.056	[(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-	1-(3-	1H-benzo[d]-	515.5
	5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	methoxypropyl)-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-[1-(3-methoxy-propyl)-	1,2,3,4-	5-carboxylic
	1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-quinolin-3-yl]-	tetrahydro-	acid
	methanone	quinoline-3-
		carboxylic acid (intermediate 6)
1.057	[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-	1-(2-	1H-benzo[d]-	513.5
	5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	methoxyethoxy)-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-[1-(2-methoxy-ethoxy)-	isoquinoline-3-	5-carboxylic
	isoquinolin-3-yl]-methanone	carboxylic acid	acid
		(CAS-RN 1094758-42-5)
1.058	[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-	1-(cyclopropyl-	1H-benzo[d]-	509.5
	5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	methoxy)iso-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(1-cyclopropylmethoxy-	quinoline-3-	5-carboxylic
	isoquinolin-3-yl)-methanone	carboxylic acid	acid
		(CAS-RN 1097166-34-1)
1.059	(4-isopropoxy-naphthalen-2-yl)-	4-isopropoxy-	(+)-(R)-	500.7
	[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-((R)-4,5,6,7-	naphthalene-2-	4,5,6,7-	(M + H)+
	tetrahydro-1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-	carboxylic acid	tetrahydro-1H-
	octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-	(CAS-RN	benzo[d]-
	2-yl]-methanone	1368865-02-4)	[1,2,3]triazole-
			5-carboxylic acid (intermediate 11)
1.060	[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-	1-(2,2,2-	1H-benzo[d]-	537.6
	5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	trifluoroethoxy)-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-[1-(2,2,2-trifluoro-	isoquinoline-3-	5-carboxylic
	ethoxy)-isoquinolin-3-yl]-methanone	carboxylic acid	acid
		(CAS-RN 1096982-79-4)
1.061	[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-	4-isopropoxy-1H-	1H-benzo[d]-	485.4
	5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	indole-6-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(4-isopropoxy-1H-indol-	carboxylic acid	5-carboxylic
	6-yl)-methanone	(intermediate 3.3)	acid
1.062	4-[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(4-isopropoxy-	4-isopropoxy-	4-sulfamoyl-	534.6
	naphthalene-2-carbonyl)-octahydro-	naphthalene-2-	benzoic acid	(M + H)+
	cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrole-2-	carboxylic acid
	carbonyl]benzenesulfonamide	(CAS-RN
		1368865-02-4)
1.063	[6-(4-chloro-phenyl)-pyridin-3-yl]-	6-(4-	(+)-(R)-	503.4
	[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-((R)-4,5,6,7-	chlorophenyl)-	4,5,6,7-	(M + H)+
	tetrahydro-1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-	nicotinic acid	tetrahydro-1H-
	octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-	(CAS-RN 31676-	benzo[d]-
	2-yl]-methanone	66-1)	[1,2,3]triazole-
			5-carboxylic acid (intermediate 11)
1.064	(1-cyclopropylmethoxy-isoquinolin-3-yl)-	1-(cyclopropyl-	(+)-(R)-	513.7
	[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-((R)-4,5,6,7-	methoxy)iso-	4,5,6,7-	(M + H)+
	tetrahydro-1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-	quinoline-3-	tetrahydro-1H-
	octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-	carboxylic acid	benzo[d]-
	2-yl]-methanone	(CAS-RN	[1,2,3]triazole-
		1097166-34-1)	5-carboxylic acid (intermediate 11)
1.065	[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-	4-isopropoxy-1-	1H-benzo[d]-	499.7
	5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	methyl-1H-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(4-isopropoxy-1-methyl-	indole-6-	5-carboxylic
	1H-indol-6-yl)-methanone	carboxylic acid	acid
		(intermediate 10)
1.066	[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-	4-	1H-benzo[d]-	483.6
	5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	ethoxyquinoline-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(4-ethoxy-quinolin-2-yl)-	2-carboxylic acid	5-carboxylic
	methanone	(CAS-RN 40609-	acid
		78-7)
1.067	[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-	4-isopropoxy-	1H-benzo[d]-	497.4
	5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	quinoline-2-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(4-isopropoxy-quinolin-2-	carboxylic acid	5-carboxylic
	yl)-methanone	(CAS-RN	acid
		1406553-19-2)
1.068	[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-	6-chloro-9H-	1H-benzo[d]-	511.6
	5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	carbazole-2-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(6-chloro-9H-carbazol-2-	carboxylic acid	5-carboxylic
	yl)-methanone	(CAS-RN 58479-	acid
		49-5)
1.069	[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-	4-(2-methoxy-	1H-benzo[d]-	513.4
	5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	ethoxy)quinoline-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-[4-(2-methoxy-ethoxy)-	2-carboxylic acid	5-carboxylic
	quinolin-2-yl]-methanone	(CAS-RN 52144-	acid
		36-2)
1.070	[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-	4-isopropoxy-7-	1H-benzo[d]-	565.4
	5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	(trifluoro-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(4-isopropoxy-7-	methyl)quinoline-	5-carboxylic
	trifluoromethyl-quinolin-2-yl)-methanone	2-carboxylic acid	acid
		(intermediate 2)
1.071	[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-	4-(cyclopropyl-	1H-benzo[d]-	509.6
	5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	methoxy)-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(4-cyclopropylmethoxy-	quinoline-2-	5-carboxylic
	quinolin-2-yl)-methanone	carboxylic acid	acid
		(CAS-RN 1275281-11-2)
1.072	[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-	5-(4-	1H-benzo[d]-	499.4
	5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	chlorophenyl)-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-[5-(4-chloro-phenyl)-	picolinic acid	5-carboxylic
	pyridin-2-yl]-methanone	(CAS-RN 87789-	acid
		85-3)
1.073	[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-	1-ethoxyiso-	1H-benzo[d]-	483.4
	5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	quinoline-3-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(1-ethoxy-isoquinolin-3-	carboxylic acid	5-carboxylic
	yl)-methanone	(CAS-RN	acid
		1094758-39-0)
1.074	[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-	1-ethyl-4-	1H-benzo[d]-	513.7
	5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	isopropoxy-1H-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(1-ethyl-4-isopropoxy-	indole-6-	5-carboxylic
	1H-indol-6-yl)-methanone	carboxylic acid	acid
		(intermediate 2.6)
1.075	6-[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-	5-(4-	1H-benzo[d]-	515.6
	benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-	chlorophenyl)-6-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrole-2-	oxo-1,6-	5-carboxylic
	carbonyl]-3-(4-chloro-phenyl)-1H-pyridin-	dihydropyridine-	acid
	2-one	2-carboxylic acid
		(intermediate 3.2)
1.076	[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-	7-chloro-4-	1H-benzo[d]-	517.4
	5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta	ethoxyquinoline-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(7-chloro-4-	2-carboxylic acid	5-carboxylic
	ethoxy-quinolin-2-yl)-methanone	(intermediate 2.5)	acid
1.077	(7-chloro-4-ethoxy-quinolin-2-yl)-	7-chloro-4-	(+)-(R)-	521.4
	[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-((R)-4,5,6,7-	ethoxyquinoline-	4,5,6,7-	(M + H)+
	tetrahydro-1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-	2-carboxylic acid	tetrahydro-1H-
	octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-	(intermediate 2.5)	benzo[d]-
	2-yl]methanone		[1,2,3]triazole-
			5-carboxylic acid (intermediate 11)
1.078	[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-	5,6,7,8-	1H-benzo[d]-	500.7
	5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	tetrahydro-2-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(4-isopropoxy-5,6,7,8-	naphthoic acid	5-carboxylic
	tetrahydro-naphthalen-2-yl)-methanone	(intermediate 2.4)	acid
1.079	(1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-	4-(2-	1H-benzo[d]-	581.7
	{(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-[4-(2-methoxy-	methoxyethoxy)-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	ethoxy)-7-trifluoromethyl-quinoline-2-	7-(trifluoro-	5-carboxylic
	carbonyl]-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	methyl)quinoline-	acid
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl}-methanone	2-carboxylic acid
		(intermediate 2.3)
1.080	(1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-	4-ethoxy-6-	1H-benzo[d]-	551.6
	[(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-(4-ethoxy-6-	(trifluoromethyl)-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	trifluoromethyl-quinoline-2-carbonyl)-	quinoline-	5-carboxylic
	octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-	carboxylic acid	acid
	2-yl]-methanone	(intermediate 2.2)
1.081	[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-	4-ethoxy-1-ethyl-	1H-benzo[d]-	499.5
	5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	1H-indole-6-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(4-ethoxy-1-ethyl-1H-	carboxylic acid	5-carboxylic
	indol-5-yl)-methanone	(intermediate 3.1)	acid
1.082	[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-	1-ethyl-4-(2,2,2-	1H-benzo[d]-	553.4
	5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	trifluoroethoxy)-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-[1-ethyl-4-(2,2,2-trifluoro-	1H-indole-6-	5-carboxylic
	ethoxy)-1H-indol-5-yl]-methanone	carboxylic acid	acid
		(intermediate 2.1)
1.083	5-[(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-(4-ethoxy-	4-	6-sulfamoyl-	522.4
	quinoline-2-carbonyl)-octahydro-	ethoxyquinoline-	nicotinic acid	(M + H)+
	cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrole-2-	2-carboxylic acid	(CAS-RN
	carbonyl]-pyridine-2-sulfonic acid amide	(CAS-RN 40609-	285135-56-0)
		78-7)
1.084	(1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-	4-(2,2,2-	1H-benzo[d]-	537.4
	{(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-[4-(2,2,2-trifluoro-	trifluoroethoxy)-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	ethoxy)-quinoline-2-carbonyl]-octahydro-	quinoline-2-	5-carboxylic
	cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl}-	carboxylic acid	acid
	methanone	(CAS-RN
		1281584-65-3)
1.085	(1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-	4-ethoxy-1-(2,2,2-	1H-benzo[d]-	553.4
	{(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-[4-ethoxy-1-(2,2,2-	trifluoroethyl)-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	trifluoro-ethyl)-1H-indole-6-carbonyl]-	1H-indole-6-	5-carboxylic
	octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-	carboxylic acid	acid
	2-yl}-methanone	(intermediate 2.9)
1.086	(1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-	5-chloro-4-	1H-benzo[d]-	493.4
	[(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-(5-chloro-4-	(cyclopropyl-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	cyclopropylmethoxy-pyridine-2-carbonyl)-	methoxy)picolinic	5-carboxylic
	octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-	acid	acid
	2-yl]-methanone
1.087	(1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-	5-cyclopropyl-6-	1H-benzo[d]-	499.4
	[(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-(5-cyclopropyl-6-	(cyclopropyl-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	cyclopropylmethoxy-pyridine-2-carbonyl)-	methoxy)picolinic	5-carboxylic
	octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-	acid (CAS-RN	acid
	2-yl]-methanone	1415898-71-3)
1.088	(3,4-dimethyl-phenyl)-	4-ethoxy-5,6,7,8-	1H-benzo[d]-	487.7
	[(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-(4-ethoxy-5,6,7,8-	tetrahydro-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	tetrahydro-quinoline-2-carbonyl)-	quinoline-2-	5-carboxylic
	octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-	carboxylic acid	acid
	2-yl]-methanone	(intermediate 8)
1.089	(1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-	4′-chlorobiphenyl-	1H-benzo[d]-	498.6
	[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(4′-chloro-biphenyl-	3-carboxylic acid	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	3-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	(CAS-RN 4655-	5-carboxylic
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-methanone	10-1)	acid
1.090	(1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-	4-ethoxy-7-	1H-benzo[d]-	513.4
	[(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-(4-ethoxy-7-	methoxy-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	methoxy-quinoline-2-carbonyl)-octahydro-	quinoline-2-	5-carboxylic
	cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-	carboxylic acid	acid
	methanone	(intermediate 2.8)
1.091	[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(4-ethoxy-6-	4-ethoxy-6-	1H-[1,2,3]tri-	552.4
	trifluoromethyl-quinoline-2-carbonyl)-	(trifluoromethyl)-	azolo[4,5-	(M + H)+
	octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-	quinoline-2-	b]pyridine-5-
	2-yl]-(1H-[1,2,3]triazolo[4,5-b]pyridin-5-	carboxylic acid	carboxylic acid
	yl)-methanone	(intermediate 2.2)	(CAS-RN
			1216149-55-1)
1.092	[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1-ethoxy-	1-ethoxyiso-	1H-[1,2,3]tri-	484.6
	isoquinoline-3-carbonyl)-octahydro-	quinoline-3-	azolo[4,5-	(M + H)+
	cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(1H-	carboxylic acid	b]pyridine-5-
	[1,2,3]triazolo[4,5-b]pyridin-5-yl)-	(CAS-RN	carboxylic acid
	methanone	1094758-39-0)	(CAS-RN
			1216149-55-1)
1.093	(1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-	6-(cyclopropyl-	1H-benzo[d]-	527.4
	[(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-(6-	methoxy)-5-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	cyclopropylmethoxy-5-trifluoromethyl-	(trifluoromethyl)-	5-carboxylic
	pyridine-2-carbonyl)-octahydro-	picolinic acid	acid
	cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-	(CAS-RN
	methanone	1415899-19-2)
1.094	(1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-	5-cyclopropyl-4-	1H-benzo[d]-	527.4
	{(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-[5-cyclopropyl-4-	(2,2,2-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethoxy)-pyridine-2-	trifluoroethoxy)-	5-carboxylic
	carbonyl]-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	picolinic acid	acid
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl}-methanone
1.095	(1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-{(3aS,3bR,6a[6-	6-cyclopropyl-5-	1H-benzo[d]-	528.4
	cyclopropyl-5-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethoxy)-	(2,2,2-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	pyridazine-3-carbonyl]-octahydro-	trifluoroethoxy)-	5-carboxylic
	cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl}-	pyridazine-3-	acid
	methanone′]dipyrrol-2-yl}-methanone	carboxylic acid
1.096	[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(2H-benzotriazole-	6-chloro-4-	1H-benzo[d]-	517.4
	5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	ethoxyquinoline-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(6-chloro-4-ethoxy-	2-carboxylic acid	5-carboxylic
	quinolin-2-yl)-methanone	(CAS-RN	acid
		1355234-15-9)
1.097	(1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-	6-(2,2,2-	1H-benzo[d]-	555.4
	{(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-[6-(2,2,2-trifluoro-	trifluoroethoxy)-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	ethoxy)-5-trifluoromethyl-pyridine-2-	5-	5-carboxylic
	carbonyl]-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	(trifluoromethyl)-	acid
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl}-methanone	picolinic acid
1.098	(1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-	6-(2,2,2-	1H-benzo[d]-	487.7
	{(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-[6-(2,2,2-trifluoro-	trifluoroethoxy)-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	ethoxy)-pyridine-2-carbonyl]-octahydro-	picolinic acid	5-carboxylic
	cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl}-	(CAS-RN	acid
	methanone	1247503-48-5)
1.099	(1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-	6-(2,2,2-	1H-benzo[d]-	487.7
	{(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-[6-(2,2,2-trifluoro-	trifluoroethoxy)-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	ethoxy)-pyridine-3-carbonyl]-octahydro-	nicotinic acid	5-carboxylic
	cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl}-	(CAS-RN	acid
	methanone	175204-90-7)
1.100	(1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-	5-bromo-6-(2,2,2-	1H-benzo[d]-	565.5
	{(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-[5-bromo-6-(2,2,2-	trifluoroethoxy)-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	trifluoro-ethoxy)-pyridine-3-carbonyl]-	nicotinic acid	5-carboxylic
	octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-	(CAS-RN	acid
	2-yl}-methanone	1211586-75-2)
1.101	(1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-	5-(2,2,2-	1H-benzo[d]-	487.4
	{(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-[5-(2,2,2-trifluoro-	trifluoroethoxy)-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	ethoxy)-pyridine-2-carbonyl]-octahydro-	picolinic acid	5-carboxylic
	cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl}-	(CAS-RN	acid
	methanone	881409-53-6)
1.102	[(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-(6-	6-(cyclopropyl-	1H-benzo[d]-	460.7
	cyclopropylmethoxy-pyridazine-3-	methoxy)-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	pyridazine-3-	5-carboxylic
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(3,4-dimethyl-phenyl)-	carboxylic acid	acid
	methanone	(CAS-RN
		1184404-57-6)
1.103	(1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-	5-bromo-2-	1H-benzo[d]-	577.7
	{(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-[5-bromo-2-methyl-	methyl-6-(2,2,2-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M − H)−
	6-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethoxy)-pyridine-3-	trifluoroethoxy)-	5-carboxylic
	carbonyl]-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	nicotinic acid	acid
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl}-methanone
1.104	(1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-	5-cyclopropyl-6-	1H-benzo[d]-	527.7
	{(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-[5-cyclopropyl-6-	(2,2,2-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethoxy)-pyridine-3-	trifluoroethoxy)-	5-carboxylic
	carbonyl]-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	nicotinic acid	acid
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl}-methanone	(CAS-RN
		1427064-90-1)
1.105	(1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-	6-(2,2,2-	1H-benzo[d]-	555.6
	{(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-[6-(2,2,2-trifluoro-	trifluoroethoxy)-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	ethoxy)-5-trifluoromethyl-pyridine-3-	5-(trifluoro-	5-carboxylic
	carbonyl]-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	methyl)nicotinic	acid
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl}-methanone	acid
1.106	(1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-	5-(tetrahydro-2H-	1H-benzo[d]-	571.7
	{(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-[5-(tetrahydro-	pyran-4-yl)-6-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	pyran-4-yl)-6-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethoxy)-	(2,2,2-trifluoro-	5-carboxylic
	pyridine-3-carbonyl]-octahydro-	ethoxy)nicotinic	acid
	cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl}-	acid (CAS-RN
	methanone	1427064-92-3)
1.107	(1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-	4-(4-	1H-benzo[d]-	597.2
	{(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-[4-(4-chloro-	chlorophenyl)-5-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	phenyl)-5-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethoxy)-	(2,2,2-trifluoro-	5-carboxylic
	pyridine-2-carbonyl]-octahydro-	ethoxy)picolinic	acid
	cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl}-	acid (CAS-RN
	methanone	1364677-00-8)
1.108	(1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-	5-(furan-2-yl)-6-	1H-benzo[d]-	553.2
	{(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-[5-furan-2-yl-6-	(2,2,2-trifluoro-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethoxy)-pyridine-3-	ethoxy)nicotinic	5-carboxylic
	carbonyl]-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-	acid	acid
	c′]dipyrrol-2-yl}-methanone
1.109	(1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-	5-chloro-6-oxo-1-	1H-benzo[d]-	521.1
	{(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-[5-chloro-6-(2,2,2-	(2,2,2-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	trifluoro-ethoxy)-pyridine-3-carbonyl]-	trifluoroethyl)-	5-carboxylic
	octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-	1,6-dihydro-	acid
	2-yl}-methanone	pyridine-3-
		carboxylic acid (intermediate 3)
1.110	[(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-(4-ethoxy-	4-	4-fluoro-1H-	501.2
	quinoline-2-carbonyl)-octahydro-	ethoxyquinoline-	benzo[d]-	(M + H)+
	cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(4-	2-carboxylic acid	[1,2,3]triazole-
	fluoro-1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-methanone	(CAS-RN 40609-	5-carboxylic
		78-7)	acid (intermediate 10)
1.111	{(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-[5-	5-	1H-benzo[d]-	565.2
	methanesulfonyl-6-(2,2,2-trifluoro-	(methylsulfonyl)-	[1,2,3]triazole-	(M + H)+
	ethoxy)-pyridine-3-carbonyl]-octahydro-	6-(2,2,2-trifluoro-	5-carboxylic
	cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl}-	ethoxy)nicotinic	acid
	phenyl-methanone	acid (intermediate
		5)

Example 2

(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrole-2-carboxylic acid 4-trifluoromethoxy-benzyl ester

To a solution of (3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-decahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrole (intermediate 1; 40 mg, 289 mol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (2 mL) were added N-methylmorpholine (146 mg, 1.45 mmol), 1H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazole-5-carboxylic acid (47.2 mg, 289 μmol) and O-(7-azabenzotriazol-1-yl)-N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyluronium hexafluoro-phosphate (110 mg, 289 mol). In the meantime a second solution with (4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)methanol (CAS-RN 1736-74-9; 55.6 mg, 289 μmol) and 1,1′-carbonyldiimidazole (49.3 mg, 304 μmol) in DMF (2 ml) was prepared. The two reaction mixtures were stirred at room temperature for 4 h, then combined and stirred for another 16 h, then partitioned between sat. aq. ammonium chloride solution and ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with brine, dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and evaporated. Chromatography (silica gel; gradient dichloromethane to dichloromethane/methanol/25% aq. ammonia solution 90:10:0.25) produced the title compound (38 mg, 26%). White solid, MS: 502.3 (M+H)⁺.

Example 2.001

(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrole-2-carboxylic acid 3,5-dichloro-benzyl ester

The title compound was produced in analogy to example 2, replacing (4-(trifluoromethoxy)-phenyl)methanol by (3,5-dichlorophenyl)methanol (CAS-RN 60211-57-6). White solid, MS: 486.5 (M+H)⁺.

Example 3

(1H-Benzotriazol-5-yl)-[(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-(4′-fluoro-biphenyl-4-sulfonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-methanone

(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-(4′-Fluoro-biphenyl-4-sulfonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrole-2-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (intermediate 12; 26 mg, 55.0 μmol) was combined with hydrochloric acid solution (5-6 M in 2-propanol; 1 mL) and stirred at room temperature for 18 h. After evaporation of volatile material the residue was taken up in N,N-dimethylformamide (1 mL), then N-methylmorpholine (27.8 mg, 275 mol), 1H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazole-5-carboxylic acid (9.9 mg, 61 mol) and O-(7-azabenzotriazol-1-yl)-N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyluronium hexafluoro-phosphate (23 mg, 61 mol) were added. After 16 h the reaction mixture was partitioned between water sat. aq. ammonium chloride solution and ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with brine, dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and evaporated. Chromatography (silica gel; gradient dichloromethane to dichloromethane/methanol/25% aq. ammonia solution 90:10:0.25) produced the title compound (26 mg, 82%). Light yellow gum, MS: 516.6 (M−H)⁻.

Example 3.001

(1H-Benzotriazol-5-yl)-[(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-(6-chloro-naphthalene-2-sulfonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-methanone

A solution of 6-chloro-naphthalene-2-sulfonyl chloride (CAS-RN 102153-63-9, 33.6 mg, 129 μmol) in dichloromethane (1 mL) was added at room temperature to a solution of (3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-decahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrole (intermediate 1; 11.9 mg, 86 μmol) in dichloromethane (2 mL) and pyridine (33.9 mg, 34.7 μl, 428 μmol, Eq: 5), then after 4 h the reaction mixture was evaporated. The residue was taken up with N,N-dimethylformamide, then 1H-benzo[d]-[1,2,3]triazole-5-carboxylic acid (14.0 mg, 86 μmol) and O-(7-azabenzotriazol-1-yl)-N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyluronium hexafluoro-phosphate (35.8 mg, 94 μmol) and 4-methylmorpholine (43.3 mg, 428 μmol) were added, then after 16 h the reaction mixture was partitioned between sat. aq. ammonium chloride solution and ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with brine, dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and evaporated. Chromatography (silica gel; dichloromethane/methanol/25% aq. ammonia solution 90:10:0.25) produced the title compound (4 mg, 9%). Colourless gum, MS: 508.6 (M+H)⁺.

Example 4

[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(6-trifluoromethyl-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-methanone

To a solution of (3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-decahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrole (intermediate 1; 30 mg, 217 μmol) and N-methylmorpholine (108 mg, 1.07 mmol) and N,N-dimethylformamide (3 mL) was added a solution of 6-(trifluoromethyl)-3,4-dihydroisoquinoline-2(1H)-carbonyl chloride (intermediate 7; 57 mg, 214 mol) in N,N-dimethylformamide DMF (1 ml) dropwise at room temperature, then after 1 h 1H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazole-5-carboxylic acid (34.9 mg, 214 mol) and O-(7-azabenzotriazol-1-yl)-N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyluronium hexafluoro-phosphate (81.4 mg, 214 mol) were added. After another 16 h the reaction mixture was partitioned between sat. aq. ammonium chloride solution and ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with brine, dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and evaporated. Chromatography (silica gel; dichloromethane/methanol/25% aq. ammonia solution 90:10:0.25) produced the title compound (24 mg, 22%). White solid, MS: 511.4 (M+H)⁺.

INTERMEDIATES

Intermediate 1

(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-Decahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrole

Step 1: (3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-2,5-Dibenzyl-tetrahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrole-1,3,4,6-tetraone

A solution of 1-benzyl-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione (1.12 g, 5.98 mmol) in acetonitrile (60 ml) was purged with nitrogen for 10 min, then irradiated at 300 nm for 6 h to produce a white suspension. About 30 mL of acetonitrile was distilled off, then the product was collected by filtration (447 mg, 40%). Off-white solid, MS: 375.5 (M+H)⁺, ¹H-NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d₆): 7.35-7.25 (m, 10H), 4.63 (s, 4H), 3.45 (s, 4H).

Step 2: (3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-2,5-Dibenzyl-decahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrole

To a suspension of lithium aluminum hydride (3.05 g, 80.3 mmol) in diethyl ether (120 mL) was added portionwise (3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-2,5-dibenzyl-tetrahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrole-1,3,4,6-tetraone (7.52 g, 20.1 mmol) over 10 min at room temperature. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 4 h, then cooled down to 0° C. and quenched by slow addition of water (40 mL) and 2 M aq. sodium hydroxide solution. Water (500 mL) and ethyl acetate (500 mL) were added, then after filtration through diatomaceous earth the organic layer was washed with brine, dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and evaporated. The residue was triturated in methanol (40 mL) to produce the title compound (4.60 g, 72%). White solid, MS: 319.6 (M+H)⁺, ¹H-NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃): 7.4-7.2 (m, 10H), 3.65 (s, 4H), 2.82 (d, J=9.3, 4 H), 2.39 (d, J=4.4, 4 H), 2.05 (dd, J=9.3, 4.4, 4 H).

Step 3: (3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-Decahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrole

A solution of (3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-2,5-dibenzyl-decahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrole (4.6 g, 14.4 mmol, Eq: 1.00) was stirred for 4 h at 50° C. under a hydrogen atmosphere (3 bar) in the presence of palladium (10% on activated charcoal, 2.08 g), then insoluble material was removed by filtration through diatomaceous earth. The filtrate was evaporated to produce the title compound (1.72 g, 86%). White solid, MS: 139.2 (M+H)⁺, ¹H-NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃): 2.99 (d, J=11.4, 4 H), 2.68 (dd, J=11.4, 4.4, 4 H), 2.25-2.15 (m, 6H).

Intermediate 2

4-isopropoxy-7-(trifluoromethyl)quinoline-2-carboxylic acid

Step 1: Methyl 4-isopropoxy-7-(trifluoromethyl)quinoline-2-carboxylate

To a stirring suspension of methyl 4-hydroxy-7-(trifluoromethyl)quinoline-2-carboxylate (300 mg, 1.08 mmol) in acetonitrile (3 mL) were added potassium carbonate (449 mg, 3.25 mmol) and 2-iodopropane (570 mg, 3.25 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred for 16 h at 80° C., then partitioned between water and ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with brine, dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and evaporated. Chromatography (silica gel; heptane-ethyl acetate gradient) produced the title compound (334 mg, 98%) as a white solid.

Step 2: 4-Isopropoxy-7-(trifluoromethyl)quinoline-2-carboxylic acid

A mixture of methyl 4-isopropoxy-7-(trifluoromethyl)quinoline-2-carboxylate (330 mg, 1.05 mmol), potassium hydroxide (209 mg, 3.16 mmol), ethanol (3.5 mL), and water (3.5 mL) was heated at 80° C. for 45 min, then most of the ethanol was distilled off. The remaining aqueous solution was acidified to pH 1 with 1 M hydrochloric acid solution. The precipitate was collected by filtration and dried to produce the title compound (304 mg, 96%). White solid MS: 299.9 (M+H)⁺.

The following intermediates were produced in analogy to intermediate 2, replacing methyl 4-hydroxy-7-(trifluoromethyl)quinoline-2-carboxylate and 2-iodopropane by the appropriate starting material and alkylating agent, respectively.

No.	Systematic name	Starting material	alkylating agent	MS, m/e
2.1	1-ethyl-4-(2,2,2-	methyl 1-ethyl-4-hydroxy-	2,2,2-	288.4
	trifluoroethoxy)-1H-	1H-indole-6-carboxylate	trifluoroethyl
	indole-6-carboxylic acid	(CAS-RN 934617-51-3)	trifluoromethane-
			sulfonate
2.2	4-ethoxy-6-	methyl 4-hydroxy-6-	iodoethane	286.5
	(trifluoromethyl)quinoline-	(trifluoromethyl)quinoline-2-
	2-carboxylic acid	carboxylate (CAS-RN
		1422284-64-7)
2.3	4-(2-methoxyethoxy)-7-	methyl 4-hydroxy-7-	1-bromo-2-	316.5
	(trifluoromethyl)quinoline-	(trifluoromethyl)quinoline-2-	methoxyethane	(M + H)+
	2-carboxylic acid	carboxylate (CAS-RN
		1072944-69-4)
2.4	4-isopropoxy-5,6,7,8-	methyl 4-hydroxy-5,6,7,8-	2-iodopropane	233.3
	tetrahydronaphthalene-2-	tetrahydronaphthalene-2-		(M − H)−
	carboxylic acid	carboxylate (CAS-RN
		184107-09-3)
2.5	7-chloro-4-	methyl 7-chloro-4-	iodoethane	252.5
	ethoxyquinoline-2-	hydroxyquinoline-2-		(M + H)+
	carboxylic acid	carboxylate
2.6	1-ethyl-4-propan-2-	methyl 1-ethyl-4-hydroxy-	2-iodopropane	248.6
	yloxyindole-6-carboxylic	1H-indole-6-carboxylate		(M + H)+
	acid	(CAS-RN 934617-51-3)
2.8	4-ethoxy-7-	methyl 4-hydroxy-7-	iodoethane	248.2
	methoxyquinoline-2-	methoxyquinoline-2-		(M + H)+
	carboxylic acid	carboxylate (CAS-RN
		259214-73-8)
2.9	4-ethoxy-1-(2,2,2-	methyl 4-ethoxy-1H-indole-	2,2,2-trifluoro-	288.5
	trifluoroethyl)-1H-indole-	6-carboxylate (CAS-RN	ethyl trifluoro-	(M + H)+
	6-carboxylic acid	372099-86-0)	methanesulfonate

Intermediate 3

5-Chloro-6-oxo-1-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-1,6-dihydropyridine-3-carboxylic acid

Lithium hydroxide monohydrate (102 mg, 2.4 mmol) was added to a solution of methyl 5-chloro-6-oxo-1-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-1,6-dihydropyridine-3-carboxylate (328 mg, 1.22 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (1 mL) and water (1 mL), then after 16 h the reaction mixture was partially evaporated in order to remove most of the tetrahydrofuran. The remaining aqueous solution was acidified to pH 1 with 1 M aq. hydrochloric acid solution. The precipitate was collected by filtration and dried to afford the title compound (289 mg, 93%). White solid, MS: 254.2 (M−H)⁻.

The following intermediates were prepared in analogy to intermediate 3, replacing methyl 5-chloro-6-oxo-1-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-1,6-dihydropyridine-3-carboxylate by the appropriate starting material.

No.	Systematic name	Starting material	MS, m/e
3.1	4-ethoxy-1-ethyl-1H-indole-6-	methyl 4-ethoxy-1-ethyl-1H-indole-	234.5
	carboxylic acid	6-carboxylate (CAS-RN 372099-98-	(M + H)+
		4)
3.2	5-(4-chlorophenyl)-6-oxo-1,6-	methyl 5-(4-chlorophenyl)-6-	248.1
	dihydropyridine-2-carboxylic acid	hydroxypicolinate	(M − H)−
3.3	4-isopropoxy-1H-indole-6-carboxylic	methyl 4-isopropoxy-1H-indole-6-	218.3
	acid	carboxylate (intermediate 9, step 1)	(M − H)−

Intermediate 4

5-Cyclopropyl-4-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)picolinic acid

5-Cyclopropyl-4-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)picolinonitrile (250 mg, 1.03 mmol) was combined with 25% aq. hydrochloric acid solution (5 mL) and heated at 110° C. for 3 h. After cooling the reaction mixture was evaporated to dryness. The residue was suspended in water (5 mL) basified with 6 M aq. sodium hydroxide solution, then the resulting solution was acidified to pH 1. The precipitate was collected by filtration and dried to produce the title compound (159 mg, 59%). White solid, MS: 262.2 (M+H)+.

Intermediate 5

5-(Methylsulfonyl)-6-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)nicotinic acid

Step 1: Methyl 5-(methylsulfonyl)-6-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)nicotinate

A mixture of L-proline (88 mg, 0.76 mmol, Eq: 0.8) and sodium hydroxide (31 mg, 0.76 mmol) and dimethyl sulfoxide (5 mL), was stirred at room temperature for 30 min, then methyl 5-bromo-6-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)nicotinate (300 mg, 955 mol), sodium methanesulfinate (804 mg, 7.64 mmol) and copper(I) iodide (146 mg, 764 mol) were added, and the reaction mixture was heated at 80° C. for 16 h, then partitioned between 1 M aq. hydrochloric acid solution and ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with brine, dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and evaporated. The residue was purified by chromatography (silica gel; heptane-ethyl acetate gradient produced the title compound (80 mg, 27%). White solid, MS: 314 (M+H)⁺.

Step 2: 5-(Methylsulfonyl)-6-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)nicotinic acid

The title compound was produced in analogy to intermediate 2, step 2 from methyl 5-(methyl sulfonyl)-6-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)nicotinate. White solid, MS: 298.1 (M−H)⁻.

Intermediate 6

1-(3-Methoxy-propyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-quinoline-3-carboxylic acid

A mixture of methyl 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline-3-carboxylate (CAS-RN 177202-62-9; 300 mg, 1.57 mmol) 1-bromo-3-methoxypropane (735 mg, 4.71 mmol) and sodium hydrogencarbonate (659 mg, 7.84 mmol) in ethanol (3 mL) was heated at reflux. After 18 h the reaction mixture was evaporated and the residue chromatographed (silica gel; heptane-ethyl acetate gradient) to produce a mixture of 1-(3-methoxy-propyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-quinoline-3-carboxylic acid methyl ester and 1-(3-methoxy-propyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-quinoline-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester (251 mg). This material was combined with ethanol (2.5 mL), water (2.5 mL) and potassium hydroxide (264 mg, 4.71 mmol) and heated at 80° C. for 45 min, then the reaction mixture was partially evaporated in order to remove most of the ethanol. The remaining aqueous solution was partitioned between ethyl acetate and 1 M aq. hydrochloric acid solution. The organic layer was washed with brine, dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and evaporated to produce the title compound (190 mg, 49%). Light yellow oil, MS: 248.5 (M−H)⁻.

Intermediate 7

6-(Trifluoromethyl)-3,4-dihydroisoquinoline-2(1H)-carbonyl chloride

To a white suspension of 6-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline hydrochloride (CAS-RN 215798-14-4; 500 mg, 2.04 mmol) and pyridine (339 mg, 4.29 mmol) in dichloromethane (5 mL) was added dropwise a solution of triphosgene (273 mg, 918 mol) in dichloromethane (5 mL) at 0° C. After 30 min the ice bath was removed, then after 16 h the reaction mixture was partitioned between 1 M aq. hydrochloric acid solution and dichloromethane. The organic layer was washed with brined, dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and evaporated to produce the title compound (546 mg, quant.) as a yellow oil.

Intermediate 8

4-Ethoxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinoline-2-carboxylic acid

Step 1: Methyl 4-hydroxy-5,6,7, 8-tetrahydroquinoline-2-carboxylate

A solution of methyl 4-hydroxyquinoline-2-carboxylate (CAS-RN 5965-59-3; 1.0 g, 4.92 mmol) in 37% aq. hydrochloric acid solution (36 mL) was stirred at room temperature under an atmosphere of hydrogen (4 bar) in the presence of platinum(IV) oxide (124 mg). After 72 h insoluble material was removed by filtration through diatomaceous earth, and the filtrate was evaporated to produce the title compound (1.06 g, 69%). White solid, MS: 208.3 (M+H)⁺.

Step 2: Methyl 4-ethoxy-5,6,7, 8-tetrahydroquinoline-2-carboxylate

The title compound was produced in analogy to intermediate 2, step 1 from methyl 4-hydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinoline-2-carboxylate. White solid, MS: 236.3 (M+H)⁺.

Step 3: 4-Ethoxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinoline-2-carboxylic acid

A mixture of methyl 4-ethoxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinoline-2-carboxylate (156 mg, 663 mol, Eq: 1.00) in ethanol (2 mL) and water (2 mL) was heated at reflux for 2 h, then most of the ethanol was distilled off and the remaining aqueous solution was acidified to pH 1, then evaporated to dryness. The residue was suspended in dichloromethane, then insoluble material was removed by filtration. The filtrate was evaporated to produce the title compound (172 mg, quant.). White solid, MS: 222.3 (M+H)⁺.

Intermediate 9

4-Isopropoxy-1-methyl-1H-indole-6-carboxylic acid

Step 1: Methyl 4-isopropoxy-1H-indole-6-carboxylate

Potassium carbonate (651 mg, 4.71 mmol) and 2-iodopropane (275 mg, 1.57 mmol) were added to a solution of methyl 4-hydroxy-1H-indole-6-carboxylate (CAS-RN 77140-48-8; 300 mg, 1.57 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (9 mL) at 0° C. The reaction mixture was stirred for 16 h at 0° C., then partitioned between water and ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with brine, dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and evaporated to give a light brown oil.

Chromatography (silica gel; heptane-ethyl acetate gradient) produced the title compound (280 mg, 77%). White solid, MS: 232.2 (M−H)⁻.

Step 2: Methyl 4-isopropoxy-1-methyl-1H-indole-6-carboxylate

Potassium carbonate (296 mg, 2.14 mmol) and iodomethane (183 mg, 1.29 mmol) were added to a solution of methyl 4-isopropoxy-1H-indole-6-carboxylate (100 mg, 429 mol) in acetone (2.5 mL). The reaction mixture was heated at reflux for 16 h, then partitioned between water and ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with brine, dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and evaporated to give a light brown oil. Chromatography (silica gel; heptane-ethyl acetate gradient) produced the title compound (102 mg, 96%). Colourless oil, MS: 248.2 (M−H)⁻.

Step 3: 4-Isopropoxy-1-methyl-1H-indole-6-carboxylic acid

The title compound was produced in analogy to intermediate 2, step 2 from methyl 4-isopropoxy-1-methyl-1H-indole-6-carboxylate. Off-white solid, MS: 232.2 (M−H)⁻.

Intermediate 10

4-Fluoro-1H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazole-5-carboxylic acid

Step 1: 5-Bromo-4-fluoro-1H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazole

To a light brown suspension of 4-bromo-3-fluorobenzene-1,2-diamine (1.50 g, 7.32 mmol) in water (15 mL) and acetic acid (5 mL) was added a solution of sodium nitrite (555 mg, 8.05 mmol) in water (1.5 mL) dropwise at 0° C. After 1 h at 0° C. the reaction mixture was heated to 85° C. for 1 h. After cooling the reaction mixture was partitioned between water and ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with brine, dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and evaporated to produce the title compound (1.53 g, 97%). Brown solid, MS: 214.1 (M−H)⁻.

Step 2: Methyl 4-fluoro-1H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazole-5-carboxylate

A solution of 5-bromo-4-fluoro-1H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazole (415 mg, 1.92 mmol), 1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene-palladium(II)dichloride dichloromethane complex (63.4 mg, 76.8 mol), and triethylamine (253 mg, 2.50 mmol) in methanol (5 mL) was stirred for 18 h under a hydrogen atmosphere (70 bar) at 110° C. After cooling the reaction mixture was evaporated and the residue was purified by chromatography (silica gel; gradient dichloromethane to dichloromethane/methanol 95:5) to produce the title compound (127 mg, 31%). Red solid, MS: 194.2 (M−H)⁻.

Step 3: 4-Fluoro-1H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazole-5-carboxylic acid

The title compound was produced in analogy to intermediate 3 from methyl 4-fluoro-1H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazole-5-carboxylate. Brown solid, MS: 180.2 (M−H)⁻.

Intermediate 11

(+)-(R)-4,5,6,7-Tetrahydro-1H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazole-5-carboxylic acid

Racemic 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazole-5-carboxylic acid (CAS-RN 33062-47-4; 1.10 g, 6.58 mmol) was separated by preparative HPLC using a Chiralpak AD column as the stationary phase and heptane/ethanol 3:2 as the mobile phase. This produced the faster eluting (+)-(R)-enantiomer (452 mg, 41%), followed by the slower eluting (−)-(S)-enantiomer (381 mg, 35%). White solid, MS: 166.2 (M−H)⁻.

Intermediate 12

(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-(4′-Fluoro-biphenyl-4-sulfonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrole-2-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester

A solution of 4′-fluorobiphenyl-4-sulfonyl chloride (CAS-RN 116748-66-4; 42.9 mg, 158 mol) in dichloromethane (1 mL) was added at room temperature to a solution of (3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrole-2-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester hydrochloride (intermediate 13; 29 mg, 106 mol) and pyridine (25.0 mg, 317 mol) in dichloromethane (1 mL). After 2 h the reaction mixture was concentrated under vacuum, and the residue was purified by chromatography (silica gel; heptane-ethyl acetate gradient) to produce the title compound (30 mg, 60%). White solid, MS: 394.6 (M+Me₃COCO+Na)⁺.

Intermediate 13

(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-Octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrole-2-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester hydrochloride

Step 1: (3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-Octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrole-2,5-dicarboxylic acid di-tert-butyl ester

To a solution of (3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-decahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrole (intermediate 1; 100 mg, 724 mol) in chloroform (3 ml) was added dropwise a solution of di-tert-butyl dicarbonate (474 mg, 2.17 mmol) in chloroform (3 ml). After 2 h the reaction mixture was evaporated and the residue was chromatographed (silica gel; heptane-ethyl acetate gradient) to produce the title compound (222 mg, 91%). White solid, MS: 338.6 (M+H)⁺.

Step 2: (3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-Octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrole-2-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester hydrochloride

Hydrogen chloride solution (5-6 M in 2-propanol, 90 μL, 0.45 mmol) was added at 0° C. to a solution of (3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrole-2,5-dicarboxylic acid di-tert-butyl ester (76 mg, 225 mol) in ethyl acetate (2 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3 days, then the precipitate was collected by filtration and dried to afford the title compound (33 mg, 48%). White solid, MS: 239.6 (M+H)⁺.

Example A

A compound of formula (I) can be used in a manner known per se as the active ingredient for the production of tablets of the following composition:

Per tablet
Active ingredient            200 mg
Microcrystalline cellulose   155 mg
Corn starch                  25 mg
Talc                         25 mg
Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose 20 mg
                             425 mg

Example B

A compound of formula (I) can be used in a manner known per se as the active ingredient for the production of capsules of the following composition:

                   Per capsule
Active ingredient  100.0 mg
Corn starch        20.0 mg
Lactose            95.0 mg
Talc               4.5 mg
Magnesium stearate 0.5 mg
                   220.0 mg

Claims

1. A compound of formula (I)

wherein

R1 is substituted quinolinyl, substituted 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolinyl, substituted isoquinolinyl, substituted 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolinyl, substituted 9H-carbazolyl, substituted chromanyl, substituted indolyl, substituted naphthyl, substituted oxazolyl, substituted phenyl, substituted phenylalkyl, substituted phenylcycloalkyl, substituted phenoxyalkyl, substituted phenylalkoxy, substituted phenylalkenyl, substituted phenylalkynyl, substituted pyridazinyl, substituted pyridazinylalkyl, substituted pyridazinylalkenyl, substituted pyridazinylalkynyl, substituted pyridinyl, substituted pyridinylalkyl, substituted pyridinylalkenyl, substituted pyridinylalkynyl, substituted pyridinonyl, substituted pyridinonylalkyl, substituted pyridinonylalkenyl, substituted pyridinonylalkynyl, substituted thiophenyl, substituted thiophenylalkyl, substituted thiophenylalkenyl, substituted thiophenylalkynyl, substituted tetralinyl or substituted tetralinonyl, wherein substituted quinolinyl, substituted 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolinyl, substituted isoquinolinyl, substituted 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolinyl, substituted 9H-carbazolyl, substituted chromanyl, substituted indolyl, substituted naphthyl, substituted oxazolyl, substituted phenyl, substituted phenylalkyl, substituted phenylcycloalkyl, substituted phenoxyalkyl, substituted phenylalkoxy, substituted phenylalkenyl, substituted phenylalkynyl, substituted pyridazinyl, substituted pyridazinylalkyl, substituted pyridazinylalkenyl, substituted pyridazinylalkynyl, substituted pyridinyl, substituted pyridinylalkyl, substituted pyridinylalkenyl, substituted pyridinylalkynyl, substituted pyridinonyl, substituted pyridinonylalkyl, substituted pyridinonylalkenyl, substituted pyridinonylalkynyl, substituted thiophenyl, substituted thiophenylalkyl, substituted thiophenylalkenyl, substituted thiophenylalkynyl, substituted tetralinyl and substituted tetralinonyl are substituted with R6, R7 and R8;

Y is —C(O)— or —S(O)2—;

R2 is substituted pyridinyl, substituted phenyl or is selected from the ring systems A, B and C, wherein substituted pyridinyl and substituted phenyl are substituted with one substituted aminosulfonyl, wherein substituted aminosulfonyl is substituted on the nitrogen atom with one to two substituents independently selected from H, alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, hydroxyalkyl and alkoxyalkyl;

R3, R4 and R5 are independently selected from H, alkyl, halogen, haloalkyl and alkoxy;

R6, R7 and R8 are independently selected from H, halogen, cyano, cyanoalkyl, alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyhaloalkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, cycloalkylalkoxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkoxyalkyl, cycloalkylalkoxyalkyl, alkoxy, alkoxyalkyl, haloalkoxy, alkoxyhaloalkyl, alkoxyalkoxy, alkoxyalkoxyalkyl, alkylsulfonyl, furanyl, tetrahydropyranyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl, phenylalkoxy, substituted phenylalkoxy, pyridinyl, substituted pyridinyl, pyrrolyl, substituted pyrrolyl, pyrrolydinyl and substituted pyrrolydinyl, wherein substituted phenyl, substituted phenylalkoxy, substituted pyridinyl, substituted pyrrolyl and substituted pyrrolydinyl are substituted with one to three halogen;

or pharmaceutically acceptable salts.

2. The compound according to claim 1, wherein R1 is substituted quinolinyl, substituted 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolinyl, substituted isoquinolinyl, substituted 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolinyl, substituted 9H-carbazolyl, substituted chromanyl, substituted indolyl, substituted naphthyl, substituted oxazolyl, substituted phenyl, substituted phenylalkyl, substituted phenoxyalkyl, substituted phenylalkoxy, substituted phenylalkenyl, substituted pyridazinyl, substituted pyridinyl, substituted pyridinonyl, substituted tetralinyl or substituted tetralinonyl, wherein substituted quinolinyl, substituted 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolinyl, substituted isoquinolinyl, substituted 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolinyl, substituted 9H-carbazolyl, substituted chromanyl, substituted indolyl, substituted naphthyl, substituted oxazolyl, substituted phenyl, substituted phenylalkyl, substituted phenoxyalkyl, substituted phenylalkoxy, substituted phenylalkenyl, substituted pyridazinyl, substituted pyridinyl, substituted pyridinonyl, substituted tetralinyl and substituted tetralinonyl are substituted with R6, R7 and R8.

3. The A compound of claim 1, wherein R1 is substituted quinolinyl, substituted indolyl, substituted naphthyl, substituted phenylalkoxy, substituted phenylalkenyl or substituted pyridinyl, wherein substituted quinolinyl, substituted indolyl, substituted naphthyl, substituted phenylalkoxy, substituted phenylalkenyl and substituted pyridinyl are substituted with R6, R7 and R8.

4. The A compound of claim 1, wherein R1 is substituted quinolinyl, substituted indolyl, substituted naphthyl or substituted pyridinyl, wherein substituted quinolinyl, substituted indolyl, substituted naphthyl and substituted pyridinyl are substituted with R6, R7 and R8.

5. The A compound of claim 1, wherein R2 is selected from the ring systems A and C.

6. The A compound of claim 1, wherein R2 is the ring system A.

7. The A compound of claim 1, wherein Y is —C(O)—.

8. The A compound of claim 1, wherein R3, R4 and R5 are independently selected from H and halogen.

9. The A compound of claim 1, wherein R3, R4 and R5 are H.

10. The A compound of claim 1, wherein R6 is H, halogen, cyano, cyanoalkyl, alkyl, haloalkyl, cycloalkylalkoxy, alkoxy, alkoxyalkyl, haloalkoxy, alkoxyalkoxy, phenyl, phenylalkoxy or phenyl substituted with one to three halogen.

11. The A compound of claim 1, wherein R6 is alkoxy, haloalkoxy or alkoxyalkoxy.

12. The A compound of claim 1, wherein R7 is H, halogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy, haloalkoxy, alkylsulfonyl, furanyl or tetrahydropyranyl.

13. The A compound of claim 1, wherein R7 is H or halogen.

14. The A compound of claim 1, wherein R8 is H or alkyl.

15. The A compound of claim 1, wherein R8 is H.

16. The A compound of claim 1, selected from

[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(6-chloro-naphthalen-2-yl)-methanone;

1-[(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-3-(4-trifluoromethoxy-phenyl)-propan-1-one;

[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(4′-fluoro-biphenyl-4-yl)-methanone;

(E)-1-[(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-3-(4-trifluoromethoxy-phenyl)-propenone;

[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(6-bromo-naphthalen-2-yl)-methanone;

[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(6-methoxy-naphthalen-2-yl)-methanone;

(E)-1-[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-((R)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-3-(4-trifluoromethoxy-phenyl)-propenone;

6-[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrole-2-carbonyl]-naphthalene-2-carbonitrile;

1-[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-2-(4-trifluoromethoxy-phenoxy)-ethanone;

1-[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-2-(2-isopropyl-phenoxy)-ethanone;

[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(5-trifluoromethoxy-1H-indol-2-yl)-methanone;

[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(6-trifluoromethoxy-1H-indol-2-yl)-methanone;

[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-naphthalen-2-yl-methanone;

[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(6-methyl-naphthalen-2-yl)-methanone;

[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(7-methyl-naphthalen-2-yl)-methanone;

[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(6-phenyl-naphthalen-2-yl)-methanone;

(6-bromo-naphthalen-2-yl)-[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-((R)-4, 5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-methanone;

[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(4′-chloro-biphenyl-4-yl)-methanone;

(4′-chloro-biphenyl-4-yl)-[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-((R)-4, 5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-methanone;

[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-((R)-4, 5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(5-trifluoromethoxy-1H-indol-2-yl)-methanone;

[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-((R)-4, 5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(6-trifluoromethoxy-1H-indol-2-yl)-methanone;

[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(3-methoxy-naphthalen-2-yl)-methanone;

[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(1-methoxy-naphthalen-2-yl)-methanone;

[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(1H-indol-2-yl)-methanone;

[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(1-methyl-1H-indol-2-yl)-methanone;

[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(4-cyclopropylmethoxy-naphthalen-2-yl)-methanone;

[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(4-methoxy-naphthalen-2-yl)-methanone;

2-[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrole-2-carbonyl]-1H-indole-5-carbonitrile;

[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(3-methoxy-phenyl)-methanone;

[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(4-methoxy-quinolin-2-yl)-methanone;

[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-[2-(4-chloro-phenyl)-5-methyl-oxazol-4-yl]-methanone;

[(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-naphthalen-2-yl)-methanone;

[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c; 3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(1-methyl-5-trifluoromethoxy-1H-indol-2-yl)-methanone;

[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(6-chloro-1H-indol-2-yl)-methanone;

[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c; 3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(6-chloro-1-methyl-1H-indol-2-yl)-methanone;

[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(6-methyl-1H-indol-2-yl)-methanone;

{2-[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrole-2-carbonyl]-indol-1-yl}-acetonitrile;

[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(1-isobutyl-1H-indol-2-yl)-methanone;

[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-quinolin-2-yl-methanone;

[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-isoquinolin-3-yl-methanone;

[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(1H-indol-6-yl)-methanone;

3-[(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrole-2-carbonyl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-naphthalen-1-one;

[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-chroman-2-yl-methanone;

[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(1H-indol-5-yl)-methanone;

(4-methoxy-naphthalen-2-yl)-[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-((R)-4, 5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-methanone;

[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-[6-(4-chloro-phenyl)-pyridin-3-yl]-methanone;

[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(1-methoxy-isoquinolin-3-yl)-methanone;

[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(4-methyl-quinolin-2-yl)-methanone;

[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c; 3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(5-chloro-1H-indol-2-yl)-methanone;

[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-[4-(2-methoxy-ethoxy)-naphthalen-2-yl]-methanone;

[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(7-phenyl-naphthalen-2-yl)-methanone;

[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(4-ethoxy-naphthalen-2-yl)-methanone;

[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(4-isopropoxy-naphthalen-2-yl)-methanone;

[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(4-benzyloxy-1H-indol-6-yl)-methanone;

[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(5,6,7, 8-tetrahydro-naphthalen-2-yl)-methanone;

[(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(4,4-dimethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-naphthalen-2-yl)-methanone;

[(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-[1-(3-methoxy-propyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-quinolin-3-yl]-methanone;

[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-[1-(2-methoxy-ethoxy)-isoquinolin-3-yl]-methanone;

[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(1-cyclopropylmethoxy-isoquinolin-3-yl)-methanone;

(4-isopropoxy-naphthalen-2-yl)-[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-((R)-4, 5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-methanone;

[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-[1-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethoxy)-isoquinolin-3-yl]-methanone;

[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(4-isopropoxy-1H-indol-6-yl)-methanone;

4-[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(4-isopropoxy-naphthalene-2-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrole-2-carbonyl]-benzenesulfonamide;

[6-(4-chloro-phenyl)-pyridin-3-yl]-[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-((R)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-methanone;

(1-cyclopropylmethoxy-isoquinolin-3-yl)-[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-((R)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-methanone;

[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(4-isopropoxy-1-methyl-1H-indol-6-yl)-methanone;

[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(4-ethoxy-quinolin-2-yl)-methanone;

[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(4-isopropoxy-quinolin-2-yl)-methanone;

[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(6-chloro-9H-carbazol-2-yl)-methanone;

[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-[4-(2-methoxy-ethoxy)-quinolin-2-yl]-methanone;

[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c; 3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(4-isopropoxy-7-trifluoromethyl-quinolin-2-yl)-methanone;

[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(4-cyclopropylmethoxy-quinolin-2-yl)-methanone;

[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-[5-(4-chloro-phenyl)-pyridin-2-yl]-methanone;

[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(1-ethoxy-isoquinolin-3-yl)-methanone;

[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(1-ethyl-4-isopropoxy-1H-indol-6-yl)-methanone;

6-[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrole-2-carbonyl]-3-(4-chloro-phenyl)-1H-pyridin-2-one;

1-[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(7-chloro-4-ethoxy-quinolin-2-yl)-methanone;

(7-chloro-4-ethoxy-quinolin-2-yl)-[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-((R)-4, 5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]methanone;

[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(4-isopropoxy-5,6,7, 8-tetrahydro-naphthalen-2-yl)-methanone;

(1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-{(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-[4-(2-methoxy-ethoxy)-7-trifluoromethyl-quinoline-2-carbonyl]-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl}-methanone;

(1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-[(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-(4-ethoxy-6-trifluoromethyl-quinoline-2-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-methanone;

[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(4-ethoxy-1-ethyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-methanone;

[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-[1-ethyl-4-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethoxy)-1H-indol-5-yl]-methanone;

5-[(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-(4-ethoxy-quinoline-2-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrole-2-carbonyl]-pyridine-2-sulfonic acid amide;

(1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-{(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-[4-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethoxy)-quinoline-2-carbonyl]-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl}-methanone;

(1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-[4-ethoxy-1-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethyl)-1H-indole-6-carbonyl]-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl}-methanone;

(1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-[(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-(5-chloro-4-cyclopropylmethoxy-pyridine-2-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c; 3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-methanone;

(1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-[(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-(5-cyclopropyl-6-cyclopropylmethoxy-pyridine-2-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-methanone;

(3,4-dimethyl-phenyl)-[(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-(4-ethoxy-5,6,7, 8-tetrahydro-quinoline-2-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-methanone;

(1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(4′-chloro-biphenyl-3-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-methanone;

(1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-[(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-(4-ethoxy-7-methoxy-quinoline-2-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-methanone;

[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(4-Ethoxy-6-trifluoromethyl-quinoline-2-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(1H-[1,2,3]triazolo[4,5-b]pyridin-5-yl)-methanone;

[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1-ethoxy-isoquinoline-3-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(1H-[1,2,3]triazolo[4,5-b]pyridin-5-yl)-methanone;

(1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-[(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-(6-cyclopropylmethoxy-5-trifluoromethyl-pyridine-2-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-methanone;

(1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-{(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-[5-cyclopropyl-4-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethoxy)-pyridine-2-carbonyl]-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl}-methanone;

(1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-{(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-[6-cyclopropyl-5-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethoxy)-pyridazine-3-carbonyl]-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl}-methanone′]dipyrrol-2-yl}-methanone;

[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c; 3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(6-chloro-4-ethoxy-quinolin-2-yl)-methanone;

(1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-{(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-[6-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethoxy)-5-trifluoromethyl-pyridine-2-carbonyl]-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl}-methanone;

(1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-{(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-[6-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethoxy)-pyridine-2-carbonyl]-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl}-methanone;

(1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-[6-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethoxy)-pyridine-3-carbonyl]-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl})-methanone;

(1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-{(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-[5-bromo-6-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethoxy)-pyridine-3-carbonyl]-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl}-methanone;

(1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-{(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-[5-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethoxy)-pyridine-2-carbonyl]-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl})-methanone;

[(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-(6-cyclopropylmethoxy-pyridazine-3-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(3,4-dimethyl-phenyl)-methanone;

(1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-{(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-[5-bromo-2-methyl-6-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethoxy)-pyridine-3-carbonyl]-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl}-methanone;

(1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-{(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-[5-cyclopropyl-6-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethoxy)-pyridine-3-carbonyl]-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl}-methanone;

(1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-{(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-[6-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethoxy)-5-trifluoromethyl-pyridine-3-carbonyl]-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c; 3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl}-methanone;

(1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-{(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-[5-(tetrahydro-pyran-4-yl)-6-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethoxy)-pyridine-3-carbonyl]-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c; 3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl)}-methanone;

(1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-{(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-[4-(4-chloro-phenyl)-5-(2, 2,2-trifluoro-ethoxy)-pyridine-2-carbonyl]-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl}-methanone;

(1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-{(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-[5-furan-2-yl-6-(2,2,2-tri fluoro-ethoxy)-pyridine-3-carbonyl]-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl})-methanone;

(1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-{(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-[5-chloro-6-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethoxy)-pyridine-3-carbonyl]-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl}-methanone;

[(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-(4-ethoxy-quinoline-2-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(4-fluoro-1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-methanone;

{(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-[5-methanesulfonyl-6-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethoxy)-pyridine-3-carbonyl]-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl}-phenyl-methanone;

(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrole-2-carboxylicacid 4-trifluoromethoxy-benzyl ester;

(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrole-2-carboxylic acid 3,5-dichloro-benzyl ester;

(1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-[(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-(4′-fluoro-biphenyl-4-sulfonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-methanone;

(1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-[(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-(6-chloro-naphthalene-2-sulfonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-methanone;

[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(6-trifluoromethyl-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-methanone;

and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

17. The A compound of claim 16, selected from

(E)-1-[(3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-3-(4-trifluoromethoxy-phenyl)-propenone;

(4-isopropoxy-naphthalen-2-yl)-[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-((R)-4, 5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-methanone;

4-[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(4-isopropoxy-naphthalene-2-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrole-2-carbonyl]-benzenesulfonamide;

[(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-(4-isopropoxy-1-methyl-1H-indol-6-yl)-methanone;

[(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl]-[4-(2-methoxy-ethoxy)-quinolin-2-yl]-methanone;

(1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-{(3aS,3bS,6aR,6bR)-5-[5-bromo-6-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethoxy)-pyridine-3-carbonyl]-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrol-2-yl})-methanone;

(3aR,3bS,6aR,6bS)-5-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-octahydro-cyclobuta[1,2-c;3,4-c′]dipyrrole-2-carboxylicacid 4-trifluoromethoxy-benzyl ester;

and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

18. A process to prepare a compound of claim 1 comprising the reaction of a compound of formula (II) in the presence of a compound of formula (III), wherein R1, R2, A and Y are as defined above.

19. (canceled)

20. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of claim 1 and a therapeutically inert carrier.

21-23. (canceled)

24. A method for the treatment or prophylaxis a condition selected from the group consisting of renal conditions, liver conditions, inflammatory conditions, conditions of the nervous system, conditions of the respiratory system, vascular and cardiovascular conditions, fibrotic diseases, cancer, ocular conditions, metabolic conditions, cholestatic and other forms of chronic pruritus and acute and chronic organ transplant rejection, which method comprises administering an effective amount of a compound of claim 1.

25-26. (canceled)