Abstract: There is provided a music sheet having a magnetic data recording section. The magnetic data recording section is provided in parallel with a lower edge of the sheet and stores automatic performance data for manual performance, a front surface of the sheet is described with a music including an introduction and an ending, and a rear surface that is described with an advice or guidance for performing the music. The music sheet is convenient not only to a not yet skilled performer but also to a skilled performer in order to perform or exercise the music.

Abstract: An electronic musical instrument includes a key-on information generation circuit for generating key-on information indicating depression of one of keys, an after-touch information generation circuit for generating after-touch information representing the state of a key operation subsequent to an initial touch on the key, a tone generator for generating a tone signal corresponding to the depressed key in response to the key-information, and a tone generation control circuit for controlling the tone generator so that a tone signal based on the depressed key is regenerated in response to the after-touch information. In one aspect of the invention, the tone generation control circuit includes a comparator for comparing the after-touch information with a predetermined value and controls the tone generator in accordance with a result of comparison by the comparator. A special effect such as trill can be imparted to a tone by regenerating it in response to the after-touch information.

Abstract: The invention is a camouflage system for the exterior of a military vehicle. The system includes a set of photoreactive lenses on the vehicle, the lenses having an irregular topography and a thin anti-reflection film on the faces of the lenses. The system reduces or eliminates contrast between illuminated and shadowed panels of the vehicle so that the vehicle more thoroughly blends into the background against which the vehicle is viewed.

Abstract: A hydraulic actuator (1) with automatic wear take-up, is formed with a first piston (17) sliding in a blind bore (13), a second piston (33) in a bore made in the first piston, and an output rod (3) bearing on the second piston. A first chamber (27) is formed between the blind bore and the first piston and a second chamber (37) is formed between the bore and the second piston. A piece (19) having a shoulder (23) is fixed, on its side of smaller diameter, to an end (21) of the first piston confronting the first chamber, forming an annular space. The annular space contains an annular gasket (39) and stop (41), so as to divide the first chamber into two volumes (43, 45), one (45) connected to a pressure generator (7) and the other (43) communicating with the second chamber through a duct (47) made in the end of the first piston. The two volumes communicate with one another, at rest, via a passage provided between the gasket, the stop and the piece.

Abstract: An automatic food dispenser for dispensing hot instant meals, particularly pizza, includes a refrigeration chamber and at least one oven. The frozen instant meals are stored in tubular magazines which are disposed on a circle within a rotatable drum-type storage container. The oven includes a horizontally extendable push frame and a push front which forms the oven door. A cooking tray is mounted on the push frame to be raised and lowered in such a manner that, when the oven is opened, the cooking tray is automatically moved upward from a lowered cooking position within the cooking chamber into a loading position and, once the push frame is fully extended, further upward into a discharge position within a discharge chamber accessible to the operator.

Abstract: The invention provides a heat actuated decorative device for a food product that is either cooked or to be cooked. The device includes a hollow decorator supporting body adapted to be submerged in the food near an exposed surface of the food, and a heat responsive expandable decorative display body concealed inside the support housing. Initially, the decorative display device is preferably compressed or folded up inside the housing. During heating of the food, the decorative display body is expelled upwardly from the housing to a location on the surface of the food and expands outwardly over the surface of the food to provide a visible decorative display which ornaments the food product. In one preferred form of the invention, the food is completely or almost completely cooked first. The decorative deivce is then installed. The food is taken to the table or other serving location where additonal heat is provided, as by means of a hot plate, alcohol burner, etc.

Abstract: As a result of an appropriate displacement of the control member, a connection of a fluid unit can, for pressure relief, be connected to a line leading to a low-pressure reservoir or be isolated from this line and/or, for the exertion of pressure, connected to a connection of a pressure source. Should the control member jam and be incapable of following an appropriate actuating stroke of a servomotor into the pressure-relieving position, a safety relief valve is opened by means of the actuating stroke.

Abstract: A piston pump shaft sealing system is provided which prevents particles released from the shaft seal, as a result of wear from entering and contaminating the fluid being pumped. The system features a permeable, deformable disc disposed between the seal and the displacement chamber of the pump. The piston shaft extends through a centrally exposed hole in the disc. In its undeformed state, the hole in the disc is smaller than the diameter of the piston shaft so that when the shaft is forced through the hole, the edges of the hole are pressed against the surface of the shaft, thereby scraping off seal particles deposited on the shaft. Forcing the shaft through the hole also deforms the disk into a conical shape, thereby forming an annular cavity between the disc and the seal which surrounds the piston shaft. The cavity serves to capture and retain the sealed particles, thereby preventing them from entering the fluid.

Abstract: A cylinder without a piston rod comprising a cylinder, a piston for moving along the axial direction within the cylinder, and tension belt means for directing the piston witnin the cylinder. The piston comprises two piston halves which are interconnected by bayonet connection elements. A holding element is held within the piston halves for holding the ends of the tension belt means in place.

Abstract: A piston assembly for use in a piston cylinder of an engine is disclosed. The piston assembly includes a piston rod which connects the piston assembly to a crankshaft. The piston rod has a pin receiving opening at an upper end. A piston head having a transverse bore is connected to the piston rod. A piston pin is disposed through the pin receiving opening of the piston rod and the transverse bore of the piston head. The piston pin connects the piston head to the piston rod and has an axial bore. A piston skirt is connected to the piston head. The piston skirt has a transverse bore and an oil reservoir formed in the upper surface. At least one piston skirt pin is disposed through the piston pin axial bore and the transverse bore of the piston skirt to connect the piston skirt to the piston pin. This connects the piston skirt to the piston head. A fastening device secures the piston skirt pin in position within the piston skirt and the piston pin.

Abstract: A ceramic-metal friction welded member includes a ceramic member formed with an annular notch in an outer circumference of its surface and a metal member joined onto the annular notch of the ceramic member by friction welding. A ceramic cast-in bonded piston includes a crown made of a ceramic material having an annular notch formed in an outer circumference of its surface, a metal annular member joined onto the annular notch of the crown by friction welding, and a piston main body made of an aluminum alloy surrounding the crown by cast-in bonding. A ceramic cast-in bonded piston includes a crown made of a ceramic material, a piston main body made of an aluminum alloy surrounding the crown by cast-in bonding, and an annular member made of a metal different from aluminum and joined by friction welding to an outer circumference of a surface of the crown in contact with the piston main body.

Abstract: A coffee machine with a brewing apparatus is described which contains a brewing vessel disposed removably and insertably on a support by detachable fasteners. A piston driven by a motor via a piston rod and a gear pin is movable within the interior of the brewing vessel. In order to facilitate the removal and insertion of the brewing vessel in a given direction for cleaning purposes and to be able to also exchange the brewing vessel, if required, the piston is connected to the gear pin via a separable coupling, which can be separated or coupled by removal or insertion movement of the brewing vessel in the given direction so that the brewing vessel can be removed and inserted together with the piston as a unit.

Abstract: A bean snipper has a rotatable drum with a central passage extending therethrough which has an opening adapted to admit beans and an opening adapted to allow the exit of beans. The surface of the drum has portions defining a plurality of slots which extend circumferentially and which permit the beans inserted therein to protrude outwardly of the drum. A plurality of planar baffles are axially spaced within the drum and have portions defining a central passage for beans therein. A plurality of bean support rods extend between adjacent planar baffles and the rods are spaced radially inwardly from the drum surface and extend substantially perpendicularly to the baffles. The rods are adapted to support a bean with its end inserted in a slot. A snipper knife is located outside the drum and is adapted to snip the end of a bean protruding beyond the surface of the drum.

Abstract: A combined table includes a plurality of individual table surfaces interconnected to form a multi-unit table in which additional table and/or table top elements are coupled to a main table by a plurality of coupling members. Each of the coupling members includes a snap-type fastener and extends from one mounting bar positioned beneath the main table to another mounting bar positioned beneath the additional table and/or table top element.

Abstract: A trash compactor is provided having at least a hollow compaction chamber rtically disposed on a base and a compacting ram slidaly fitted within the compaction chamber, such that the compacting ram is disposed above the trash to be compacted. The trash to be compacted is first loaded into the compaction chamber between the base and the compacting ram. A downward compaction force is then applied to the compacting ram to compact the trash within the compaction chamber to the required density. The downward compaction force is then maintained while the compaction chamber is removed from around the compacted trash. Finally, the downward compaction force is removed from the compacting ram thereby leaving a compacted trash slug. The trash may be wetted prior to compaction to further enhance the delamination characteristics of the trash slug.

Abstract: An actuator (10a, 10b) for calender rolls (3, 4) in a machine calender connected on-line to a paper machine, wherein the actuator is situated between the calender frame (9) and support arms (11), which adjust the movable calender rolls (3,4), in order to load and unload the nips (N.sub.3, N.sub.2) formed by the calender roll (3, 4) in question and its counter roll (3, 2), and to lock the calender rolls (3, 4) to the top position (3', 4'). The actuator (10a, 10b) is of modular construction and consists of a movable frame (13), which forms the frame of the actuator, and which can be connected to the vertical side (9c) of the claender girders (9) so that the vertical position of the movable frame (13) can be adjusted. The actuator module is equipped with a double acting hydraulic cylinder (12), which is connected between the movable frame (13) and the support arms ( 11) of the calender rolls (3, 4) to load and unload the calender nips and to lift the rolls (3, 4) to the top position.

Abstract: There is disclosed a web handling apparatus including a printer for printing on longitudinally extending multi-portion webs, with the web including a plurality of longitudinally extending web portions and connected at a longitudinal line of weakening between each adjacent pair of web portions, each web portion including record members, guide structure for causing adjacent web portions to move along different paths or planes to effect tearing and resultant separation of the web portions at each line of weakening, and a rewinder for drawing on the separated web portions and winding them into separate rolls. In the event tearing does not occur readily along the lines of weakening, there are knives to assist in separating the web portions.

Abstract: A printing fluid circulating device for use in a printing press having a printing fluid container (32) for containing printing fluid and having a rotatable pickup roller (34) partially submerged in the printing fluid in the container (32). The pickup roller (34) has a surface for picking up printing fluid. The printing fluid circulating device has at least one outer ribbon (10, 12) having a predetermined diameter and a predetermined surface area and at least one inner ribbon (14, 16) also having a predetermined diameter and a predetermined surface area. The diameter of the inner ribbon (14, 16) is less than the diameter of the outer ribbon (10, 12) and the surface area of the outer ribbon (10, 12) is less than the surface area of the inner ribbon (14, 16). Each of the outer and inner ribbons (10, 12, 14, 16) has a substantially helix configuration, the helix configuration of the inner ribbon (14, 16) being opposite the helix configuration of the outer ribbon (10, 12).

Abstract: A safe ordnance initiation system which is safe for normal handling, expoe to strong electromagnet fields, and electrostatic discharge comprises a firing circuit which provides a method for rapidly and efficiently connecting (switching) a charged capacitor to an electrical discharge inititation element; an enclosed and environmentally protected electrical discharge initiation element which provides a means of rapidly dissipating the capacitor charge and converting it to a shock wave and thermal/plasma energy output; a transmission line shock tubing which is connected to the electrical discharge initiation element at one end which is terminated in a target element at the other end thereof; and a target element having the capability for interacting with a predetermined output energy level of shock charge and thermal/plasma energy transmitted through the transmission line shock transfer tube to achieve a desired result for igniting or detonating the target element depending on the type of end termination employe

Abstract: A conveying system is provided for conveying lap rolls between different stories of a building. The conveying system includes an elevator and a transfer station on each story. A control unit controls the elevator and transfer stations independently of the operation of the machines on the two stories for the conveyance of the lap rolls as well as other intermediate products.

Abstract: A door apparatus for a railway hopper car for discharging bulk material from the car has an elongated flexible hollow body positioned in a discharge opening. A pair of end walls are attached to opposite ends of the body. Each end wall has a first pivot point for rotary attachment to the body. The body is rotatable about the first pivot point between an opened position and a closed position. The body has an arcuate surface extending generally vertically when in the closed position to reduce the effort required to open the doors when the car is loaded. If the door apparatus is stuck in the closed position, such as when ice has formed between the longitudinal edge of the door apparatus and the edge of the discharge opening, a torque applied to one end of the door apparatus about the first pivot point tends to twist the door apparatus about the longitudinal axis.

Abstract: A frame for a modular piece of office furniture allows electrical cords of appliances on the top of the furniture to be connected to power through the frame at the closest point possible. Each modular element includes a metallic shaped tube 1 having a horizontal upper face 1b to be fixed to the top 2 of the furniture, a substantially vertical rear face 1a and an ornamental front face 1c. The upper face 1b and the front face 1c are spaced by a slot 3 under the edge of the top. All electrical power leads feeding appliances located on the top are received, guided and concealed in the shaped tube 1. The connection between each of the appliances and its corresponding power lead runs through the slot at the point located closest to the appliances. The modular elements may be assembled as a frame serving the multiple purposes of providing support for the top of the piece of furniture, as well as receiving, guiding, protecting, and concealing all the electrical power leads.

Abstract: A shipping combination is disclosed wherein a conventional wooden pallet capable of supporting a plurality of barrels is removably affixed to a tray, having essentially the same shape and dimensions as said pallet, for receiving said barrels. The tray has a plurality of raised abutments projecting from its interior surface for engaging the vertical outside surfaces of the barrels, thereby maintaining said barrels in a substantially fixed relative position.

Abstract: An adjustable table intended to be mounted to any chair is disclosed and claimed herein. The table top possesses the following degrees of movement: it is adjustable vertically, it is rotatable about its vertical support, rotatable, it is slideable about its horizontal support, and can flip about a hinge at one end of the horizontal supports. The table top is adjustable in the above degrees of movement, which permits the users to easily adjust the table top location to his or her liking.

Abstract: A combination embroidery/screen printing apparatus and method comprises an inner hoop cooperating with an outer hoop for clamping and planarly confining a selected area of a textile substrate as a reproduction of a selected pattern is formed thereon, a framed screen for forming selected first portions of the reproduction on the selected substrate area by screen printing, a stitching machine for forming selected second portions of the reproduction on the selected substrate area by automated stitching, and an alignment mechanism including an alignment template for obtaining close registration between the printed first portions and the stitched second portions of the reproduction. The framed screen and the alignment template are shaped and dimensioned such that each can be snugly slidably removably inserted in the inner hoop. A removable target disk in conjunction with the alignment template provides alignment of the substrate relative to the clamping hoops.

Abstract: A control device for sewing machines which includes a drive system controller which controls each of numerous driving units provided in the sewing machine and which is connected to an optional command system controller that is positioned outside of the sewing machine. Thus, a control code from the outside command system may be input and decoded to control the drive system controller.

Abstract: A thread holding device having a thread holding member and a holding force imparting member selectively engageable therewith for holding a leading end portion of a needle thread. The thread holding member and the holding force imparting member are pivotally movable by drive means through linking means. The thread holding member has a first angular rotational position at a position below a sewing needle for trapping the leading end portion of the needle thread, a second angular rotational position at a position beside the sewing needle for holding the thread in cooperating with the holding force imparting member, and a third angular rotational position or a retracted position. When the thread holding member is moved from its second to third angular positions, the needle thread leading end is released from the thread holding member.

Abstract: A thread trimmer for a pattern sewing machine is disclosed. When the pattern sewing machine forms patterns, a pattern is connected to a next pattern by a crossover thread. The thread trimmer automatically cuts a specified portion of the crossover thread. Therefore, the operator can avoid the troublesome and time-consuming cutting of the crossover thread manually with scissors. Furthermore, the sewing efficiency of the pattern sewing machine is enhanced.

Abstract: A yacht model or a full scale yacht includes a hull and a mast is provided on the hull to extend upward from the hull to support a main sail. A spinnaker is provided in front of the mast and the spinnaker is made of a plastic material and formed in a bulged configuration to possess an appearance of receiving wind. The spinnaker has a top portion connected to an upper portion of the mast in a manner which allows a turning movement of the spinnaker about the mast. Booms may be provided between the mast and a lower portion of the spinnaker for maintaining the lower portion of the spinnaker in a position spaced from the mast while allowing the turning movement. The lower portion of the spinnaker is connected at the opposite sides to a rear portion of the hull through strap like flexible connecting members.

Abstract: Stabilizing apparatus for stabilizing boats comprising a weighted concave body which is suspended from the boat and which is formed as a grid defining openings through the body and a flexible flap in the concavity of the body, the flap blocking the openings when the body rises in the water due to rolling of the boat so as to inhibit rolling and the flap moving away from the openings to permit the apparatus to rapidly fall as the boat rolls in the opposite direction. A pair of bodies are provided on opposite sides of the boat to inhibit rolling in both directions.

Abstract: A diving boat wherein an air tank, water tank and navigating apparatus are provided, air within the air tank is fed into the watertight boat body and excess air produced thereby is discharged into water outside the boat body through an automatic balance type pressure regulating valve so that the air pressure within the boat body may be kept substantially the same as the water pressure outside the boat body.

Abstract: A sea marker for emergency flights of ship-based planes onto a ship is disclosed which comprises a float, a tube containing a pyrotechnical charge and also a percussion igniter. The tube consists of a material which does not burn away, and is provided with a light charge consisting of about 30 to 60% by weight of sodium nitrate, about 3 to 18% by weight of polyolefin resin and about 30 to 60% by weight of magnesium.

Abstract: A novel method is provided herein for the culturing of giant scallops from the egg stage to the juvenile stage. The method includes the following steps: firstly, obtaining and feeding native scallops. Secondly, inducing spawning in the scallop. Thirdly, selecting eggs surrounded by sperm in a preselected ratio of sperm/egg. Fourthly, hatching fertilized eggs at a preselected density in shallow dishes of water, thereby providing swimming larvae. Fifthly, removing the larvae after a preselected period of time, and re-suspending the larvae in deep larval tanks of sea water having food therein. Sixthly, periodically removing the larvae, re-suspending the removed larvae in larval tanks of the sea water and refeeding the re-suspended larvae with food in the sea water. Seventhly, after a period of time, allowing the larvae to settle on bottom of the larval tanks, in lighting conditions, and become spat while periodically changing the water in the tanks and feeding the larvae with food in the water in a larval tank.

Abstract: A cell-forming assembly for use with a household aquarium comprises a first section for forming cells to separate adult fishes and a second section which forms a space to rear fry and is detachably secured to and beneath the bottom of the first section. The first section comprises a main body having an open top and open front faces as well as a bottom plate, which bottom plate has a plurality of openings such as slits or holes. The first section further comprises fastening members for detachably attaching the main body to the aquarium, and partitions which are removably placed in the main body so as to divide an internal space thereof into cells. The second section is a box-like member having an open top face. The cells accommodate the tropical fishes such as guppy, platy, swordtail or betta separated from other aquarium fishes, and the slits of bottom plate allow the eggs or fry to enter the second section so as to be reared safely in this section.

Abstract: A cell-forming assembly for use with a household aquarium comprises a main body having an open top and front faces. The assembly further comprises fastening members for detachably attaching the main body to the aquarium, and partitions which are removably placed in the main body so as to divide an internal space thereof into cells so that the aquarium can accommodate the fighting fishes such as "betta" separated from other aquarium fishes. With the partitions removed, the interesting behavior of the fighting fishes can be observed.

Abstract: A dog transportation box has an upright ventilated side wall A contructed of spaced vertical slats provided with an upper frame member D into which an imperforate side wall C is first inserted prior to lowering same into a lower frame member E thus converting a ventilated dog transportation box into an imperforate or sealed dog transportation box for use depending on weather conditions.

Abstract: A component bed system for a pet is provided and consists of a mattress pad, an inner liner around the mattress pad, a cover to fit about the inner liner on the mattress pad and a mat placed upon the cover so that the pet can recline and sleep thereon in comfort.

Abstract: An animal feeding device especially suitable for supporting food and water for household pets, comprises a support panel adapted to be secured at a desired elevation to a vertical surface such as a wall or the like, and a platform pivotably connected to the panel for supporting food receptacles or the like. The platform has a first, operative position oriented generally horizontally, and a second, stored position lying vertically closely adjacent the panel. Insect inhibiting structure is provided between the panel and the surface on which it is mounted to prevent crawling insects from reaching the platform and receptacles. The platform may be removed from the panel for cleaning or the like, and may be positioned at any desired elevation from the floor or other surface, improving its resistance to infestation by insects, and also placing it at a height convenient for the animal feeding from it.

Abstract: The present invention provides a collar and clothes for animals having at least one side face which contacts the animal's fur or skin, which comprises an acrylic fiber and/or a nylon fiber having copper sulfide absorbed therein. This invented collar or clothes has a deodorant effect on the animal's body smell, bad breath and otorrhoea smell when animals put it on, and the deodorant effect is continuous as long the animals have one on. Further the inventor found that the collar or the clothes is safe for animals.

Abstract: A kitty litter box is made of cardboard, plastic or other disposable material and can be folded outwardly to an open position for use as a tray to hold kitty litter or other absorbent material for use by cats, and folded inwardly to a closed box after being used and ready for disposal at which time both the box and its contents are discarded. The two opposite side walls of the box each include a diagonal slit at about the midsection of each side wall with a plurality of score lines or fold lines positioned in relation to each diagonal slit which enable a portion of the midsection of each side wall to flex and fold inwardly when the two outer portions are folded along a pair of spaced apart lateral score lines or fold lines in the bottom wall. The two outer portions are folded or pivoted in an arcuate path toward each other whereby one of the outer portions of the box is received within the opposite outer portion. The box is thus folded or pivoted from its open position to a closed position.

Abstract: A control system controls an operating parameter of an internal combustion engine. The control system includes an electrically operated actuator for acting on the operating parameter to be controlled and a control unit for adjusting the actuator so as to cause the operating parameter to assume a pregiven value. The control unit has an integral component for carrying out an integration and a proportional component for carrying out a proportional amplification operation. The rate of change of the operating parameter is controlled to a pregiven value when pregiven conditions are present by intervening in the integral operation and/or the proportional amplification operation carried out by the control unit.

Abstract: Provided according to the present invention is a vehicular engine cooling apparatus comprising cooling fan means for cooling at least one of an engine and an environment of the engine, the engine being operated with use of any of two or more different fuels and a mixed fuel formed of a combination of the different fuels. This apparatus further comprises a mixture ratio sensor for detecting the mixture ratio of the two or more different fuels, and a controller for actuating the cooling fan means in accordance with the fuel mixture ratio detected by the mixture ratio sensor, after the engine is stopped. Preferably, the cooling fan is operated only during a predetermined operating time set in accordance with the fuel mixture ratio and the temperature of at least one of the engine and the environment of the engine.

Abstract: This gas pressure generating engine has a totally unconnected piston running between a combustion chamber and a rebounding volume. The piston uncovers the outlet port after moving a short distance from the combustion chamber and utilizes the rest of the piston's long stroke to draw in new air; and after turning around at the stroke's end to pump to the outlet a large part of the drawn-in air. The remainder of the drawn-in air is further compressed for combustion. The stroke of the piston is restricted only by the energy it receives from the combustion chamber. The rebounding volume's pressure is adjustable to adjust the pressure-volume ratio of the outlet gas. A tuned valve in the outlet and a tuned blowdown tube maximize gas momentum scavenging of the combustion chamber to improve the efficiency and extend the operating range.

Abstract: Discrete intake passages communicating with respective cylinders of a multiple-cylinder in-line engine are merged into an integrated chamber at their upstream ends. The integrated chamber is disposed above the engine and extends substantially horizontally. Each discrete intake passage extends from the engine body, bends upward toward the integrated chamber and is connected to the downstream side end face of the integrated chamber. The discrete intake passages for the cylinders which are positioned relatively near to the integrated chamber are connected to the downstream side end face of the integrated chamber at an upper portion of the end face and the discrete intake passages for the cylinders which are positioned relatively far from the integrated chamber are connected to the downstream side end face of the integrated chamber at a lower portion of the end face.

Abstract: A two-stroke cycle reciprocating internal combustion engine for spark ignition and crankcase scavenging comprises a fuel injection nozzle and an arbitrarily operable throttle valve, which is provided in an air intake passage in upstream of leaf spring dampers, which are biased in a cloging sense.

Abstract: Governor of the stroke, in internal combustion engines (10) of the stroke between camshafts (13), (14) and crankshaft (12) connected by a continuous belt (20) or chain, to compensate for any effects of wear, assembly errors, stresses due to movement and other factors and, when running speed changes, to set optimum timing values for each speed, comprising actuators (43), (44), operated by an electronic drive unit (50), that determines the variation in length of sections (30), (31) of the belt (20) between the crankshaft (12) and the camshafts (13), (14) and between the latter two, while an automatic belt tightener (21) maintains the tension of the belt (20) constant from one moment to the next.

Abstract: A valve-controlled internal combustion engine has an device 13 for adjusting the camshaft 2 relative to its timing gear 14. The adjusting device has an operating sleeve, which is interlocked over different gear systems, on the one hand, with the timing gear and, on the other, with the camshaft, and a hydraulic adjusting piston, which can be acted upon on both sides. Pressure is caused to act upon the adjusting piston by means of the engine oil, which is circulating under pressure and which is branched off before a restrictor 11 in the inflow to the bearings 12 in the cylinder head 2 of the internal combustion engine. By these means, the full pressure of the lubricating pump 7 can be used to shift the operating sleeve.

Abstract: An improved fuel ignition system for a compression-ignited engine having a fuel combustion chamber and a glow plug located therein. The glow plug has a resistance heating element that is positioned in the combustion chamber. The resistance of the resistance heating element is sensed and compared with a set value. The result is utilized for the purpose of either varying the power supply to the glow plug or determining the length of on and off time for the glow plug while the engine is running.

Abstract: Piston tops (1, 70), specially those provided with combustion chamber (2, 20) and ring zone (3, 30) have their cooling condition sensibly improved in such regions due to a better use of the cooling oil capacity by closing the cooling chamber (5, 50) and the region 2I under the combustion chamber by annular ring members (96, 13) in a resilient material, e.g., a polymeric material or, preferably a spring steel, which clamp under the cooling chamber (5, 50) and the region 2I with dimensional interference respectively with grooves (10, 100), notches (11, 110) and groove 15. Methods for the manufacture of such top portion having a reduced compression height are also described.

Abstract: A reciprocating internal combustion engine operates by drawing at least substantially only air into the cylinder during the suction stroke and, at the final phase of the compression stroke, injecting gaseous fuel into the cylinder under high pressure. At least part of the fuel is directed to a hot glow body stationarily arranged within the combustion chamber of the cylinder to cause ignition.