Abstract: The present invention allows for the fabrication of an EMAT system that eliminates static charge impulse noise. The EMAT system includes an EMAT, wear layer, and magnet. If the wear layer is made slightly conductive, the static charges slowly bleed off rather than build up to cause impulse discharges. This semiconductive wear layer does not attenuate the EMAT signals by introducing any additional distance between the EMAT coil and the conductive piping or by introducing any conductive material between the EMAT coil and the conductive piping. In the preferred embodiment, a wear layer of UHMW (ultra high molecular weight) polyethylene with a surface resistivity of about 10,000 ohms per square is utilized. The conductive UHMW polyethylene still acts as a wear layer, but now also acts as a semi-conductive static-dissipative interface between the EMAT coil and the piping.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for selecting characteristics (i.e. thickness-frequency product, length and material) of leakage plates used in ultrasonic transducers that transfer ultrasonic energy via leakage to fluid media with low acoustic impedances. High leakage efficiency and wide bandwidths are achieved by exciting the low order antisymmetric Lamb wave mode (A0) at the selected frequency in the leakage plate. Various actuator configurations that can be used to excite and detect the A0 mode in the leakage plate are described. Some embodiments employ reflector structures to intercept the leaky waves and reform them into beams normal to the plane of the leakage plate.

Abstract: A pressure sensor includes a body, a pressure inlet tube housed in the body and having a pressure inlet opening defined therein for introducing oil pressure, and a pressure sensor unit affixed to a proximal end surface of the pressure inlet tube covering the pressure inlet opening to convert the oil pressure to an electrical signal. An oil flow decelerating structure is disposed to a distal end side of the pressure inlet tube for reducing the flow rate of oil.

Abstract: A sensor used especially for the measurement of the internal pressure of injection lines of diesel engines comprises two housing parts which are connected via an articulation and can be clamped to the line with a tension device. For simple and in particular one-handed attachment of the sensor in every state of opening or closing, the tension device is located in the same sector, facing the articulation, on one side of the external region of the tube. The connecting plug for the discharging of the measuring signals is preferably insertible in the correspondingly fashioned articulation and can be locked there.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for determining turbine rotor stresses in real time enables increased operation efficiency and more accurate stress determinations. The system calculates rotor bore and surface temperatures based on the time response of the rotor. The rotor surface temperature is measured using a sensor such as a thermocouple, and the measured rotor surface temperature is used to calculate rotor bore temperature and rotor average temperature based on time constants determined as a function of rotor geometry and material. The rotor surface thermal stress and the rotor bore thermal stress can be determined based on the measured and calculated temperatures.

Abstract: An arrangement for measuring the planarity of a rolled strip which is under tension in a hot strip rolling train with a roughing train and a finishing train including several roll stands and a reel. At least one measuring roller is arranged in rolling direction between the first roll stand of the finishing train and the reel, wherein the rolled strip is guided over each measuring roller, so that the measuring roller is bent as a result of the strip tension; in addition, pick-ups for measuring bending of the measuring roller are provided.

Abstract: A method for measuring an adhesion strength of a resin material which is capable of accurately and readily measuring a universal adhesion strength independent of dimensions and shapes of specimen. A delamination portion is partially formed between a resin and an adherend material. Loads in two different directions are applied to an adhering interface such that opposed shear stresses are generated. As a result, a true adhering strength can be obtained from an apparent delamination propagating strength in each case.

Abstract: A mass flowmeter for flowing media, which operates according to the Coriolis principle, has a preferably cylindrical housing, at least one preferably essentially straight Coriolis measuring tube located within the housing and connected at both of its ends to the housing, a preferably cylindrical bridge located on the Coriolis measuring tube, at least one oscillation generator acting on the Coriolis measuring tube, and at least one sensor detecting Coriolis forces and/or Coriolis oscillations based on Coriolis forces, the bridge being located symmetrically and designed symmetrically with respect to the mid-point of the Coriolis measuring tube, wherein the midpoint of the Coriolis measuring tube is defined with reference to the ends of the Coriolis measuring tube connected to the housing, and the oscillation generator and the sensor being operative between the Coriolis measuring tube and the bridge, The flowmeter is characterized by the fact that the bridge is provided with a balancing system located essentiall

Abstract: An air data probe (10) such as a pitot probe, pitot-static probe, or total air temperature probe incorporates heaters (42) within the wall (30) of the device. The heater (42) extends from the base (12) of the probe (10) to the tip (18) of the probe (10). In a preferred embodiment, the heater (42) is a wire heater that extends in the wall (30) of the probe (10) from the base (12) to the tip (18), and surrounds a sampling chamber (24) in the probe (10) in a spiral pattern.

Abstract: A fluid delivery apparatus comprising two or more delivery syringes (17), each delivery syringe comprising a syringe housing (18) defining a tube with a passage having a fluid outlet, and a syringe plunger arranged to slide axially within the tubular passage and seal one end of the tubular passage. The apparatus also includes a syringe plunger drive arranged to drive the syringe plunger along at least part of the length of the tubular passage according to a predetermined velocity profile or the delivery syringe and discharge fluid through the fluid outlet. The predetermined velocity profile of each delivery syringe is such that, in use, a combined flow rate fluid discharge simultaneously from the outlets from the delivery syringes is maintained substantially constant over at least a quarter of the range of movement of each of the plungers.

Abstract: The present invention is a container in the form of a single housing for holding fluid, including a first collapsible reservoir having a first valve. The first reservoir initially contains a volume of fluid. The container also includes a second reservoir, initially empty (or substantially empty), expandable to a second volume. The second reservoir has a second valve. As the volume of said first reservoir decreases, the volume of the second reservoir proportionally increases.

Abstract: The inventive fixture adapter has installed RF connectors which are connected to the fixture during the installation of the adapter in the fixture. Thus, wear on the RF connectors from opening and closing the drawer mechanism of the fixture is eliminated. The adapter is removably connected to the drawer mechanism of the fixture, and thus can quickly and reliably be changed for a different adapter. All of the customization required for a particular device can be confined to the adapter, and thus the rest of the fixture can be made generic.

Abstract: The invention provides a rolling element string which can be bent or twisted freely in any direction in use while holding rolling elements such as balls or rollers surely and which can be used in existing linear guide devices and ball screw devices without any special processing having to be carried out on the rolling element rollways thereof along which the rolling elements are to roll, and a linear guide device and a rolling element screw device having this rolling element string fitted in an endless raceway.

Abstract: A differential motor drive for an XY stage comprising a fixed base and two moveable platforms where the platforms' movements are orthogonal with respect to each other. Both motors for the X and the Y stages are located on the fixed base and do not move with either of the moving platforms. As the motors rotate at substantially the same speed in substantially opposite directions only the Y stage moves. As the motors rotate at substantially the same speed in substantially the same direction only the X stage moves. As the motors rotate at different speeds in either the same or opposite directions, both the X and Y stages move.

Abstract: A piston actuated wheel clutch includes the use of a clutch plate 26 to directly engage a driven member 14, where the driven member 14 may comprise the rim 94 of a wheel. The clutch plate 26 is divided into clutch portions 40 to 46 which expand outward when pushed by hydraulicly actuated pistons mounted within a drive shaft 20. When expanded, the clutch plate 26 engages the driven member 14.

Abstract: There is disclosed a gear module comprising an output gear pivotally fitted to a base, a transmission gear rotated by a driving force from a driving motor to transmit the driving force to the output gear, a power actuating lever having a base end pivotally fitted to the base to be rotated around the base end; an actuated lever having a top end pivotally fitted to the transmission lever and a base end pivotally fitted to the base; and a connection bar connecting the top end of the power actuating lever and the top end of the actuated lever, the connection bar allowing the actuated lever to rotate in accordance with a rotation of the power actuating lever and allowing the transmission gear and the output gear to be engaged with each other, wherein the link axises of the power actuating lever and the connection bar form approximately a straight line when the transmission lever is engaged with the output gear.

Abstract: An apparatus (10) for use in turning steerable wheels of a vehicle having an engine includes a first gear (16) which is rotatable about a first axis (24) and a second gear (14) having teeth (20) in meshing engagement with teeth (18) on the first gear (16). The first gear (16) is movable along the first axis (24) to reduce clearance between the teeth (18) and (20) of the first and second gears (16) and (14). Adjustment of the first gear (16) along the first axis (24) is prevented during operation of the engine of the vehicle. Adjustment of the first gear (16) along the first axis (24) is enabled when the engine of the vehicle is in a non-operational condition.

Abstract: A molded plastic circular gear which has removed its wall portions on the inside of a tooth root of its circumferential gear teeth portion. The gear has a circular rim formed at a distance from and on an inside of the tooth root. The gear is further formed by injection of resin through gates located in the web portion of the inside of the rim. The gear is further characterized in that the thickness in the axial direction of the web portion of the inside of the rim is made larger than that of the web portion on the outside of the rim.

Abstract: A solenoid actuated transmission shifting apparatus is provided for temporary or permanent installation in automobiles with conventional, H-pattern-type manual transmissions or automatic transmissions and also for use with motorcycle transmissions. The shifting apparatus allows for both upshifting and downshifting through the transmission gears by pressing pushbuttons mounted on the steering wheel, handlebar or dashboard.

Abstract: A gear type manual transmission equipped with one or more synchronizing mechanisms employing generally U-shaped reverse shift forks consisting of two arms, each of which is pivotally supported at one arm by a first support secured to one of transmission shafts which extends in parallel with one another and is stationary relative to the transmission case and pivotally supported at the other arm by a second support aligned with the first support and secured to the transmission case.

Abstract: A cable control assembly snaps into a control panel of a lawn mower or other piece of equipment to thereby enclose the opening in the control panel into which the assembly is received. The cable control assembly hereof includes a case and a shifter which is engaged by a detent spring, the case including a rim and at least one resilient snap for holding the margin of the control panel surrounding the opening therebetween. The detent spring includes a detent positioned between a pair of divergent arms which engage the case and inhibit transverse movement of the spring in the direction of orientation of the arms during pivotal movement of the shifter.

Abstract: A pedal bracket is divided into a main bracket and a sub-bracket. The main bracket and the sub-bracket are connected by a mounting bolt and a nut, the mounting bolt serving as a supporting shaft of a swing link which connects a brake pedal and a push rod. When an external force of a predetermined value or greater is applied to the front of the vehicle, an extending portion of the sub-bracket is pressed by the main bracket and swings substantially rearward of the vehicle and a clevis at the end of the push rod is forced in substantially toward the front side of the vehicle by a front surface of the extending portion. Accordingly, the brake pedal swings around a mounting bolt substantially toward the front side of the vehicle via the swing link and the like and a pedal pad is displaced substantially toward the front side of the vehicle.

Abstract: A pedal assembly (12) for a vehicle (10) includes a bracket (16), a pedal arm (20) and a support mechanism (26). The bracket (16) is adapted to be mounted to a vehicle structure (18) such as firewall or vehicle dashboard assembly. The pedal arm (20) extends downwardly from the bracket (16) to a distal end (22) for supporting a pedal pad (24). The support mechanism (26) interconnects the pedal arm (20) and the bracket (16) for allowing pivotal movement of the pedal arm (20) in an operating plane (28) relative to the bracket (16) during normal operation and for guiding the pedal arm (20) out of the operating plane (28) in response to a predetermined force between the pedal arm (20) and the bracket (16).

Abstract: An accelerator pedal module actuated by the driver's foot for controlling the output of a driving engine. The accelerator pedal module includes a friction element for attaining frictional hysteresis directly at a bearing point on which the pedal lever is supported. The number of components required is thus reduced considerably. The accelerator pedal module is contemplated for controlling the output of a driving engine of the vehicle.

Abstract: A jack extension handle assembly that includes first and second elongated segments or extensions connectable together to provide a stable, extended jack handle. At the end of its solid rod-shaped body, one handle extension includes a tapered plug connector. A tapered socket connector at the end of the solid, rod-shaped body of the other handle extension mates with the plug connector during assembly of the handle. The plug and socket taperings account for forging tolerances so as to ensure a proper force-transmitting engagement between the handle extensions. The handle assembly also includes a retainer clip which externally mounts on the two handle extensions to prevent inadvertent separation of the handle extensions during use.

Abstract: A pedal (1) for a motor vehicle, comprising a pedal plate (4) fastened on a u-shaped retaining region (9) of a pedal bar (2) by means of an eyelet (7) and a clip (8). The u-shaped retaining region (9) extends directly along a frame web (5) on the border of the pedal plate (4), this minimizing to the greatest possible extent tilting movements which could result in the pedal plate (4) being released from the pedal bar (2).

Abstract: A bicycle pedal assembly includes a pedal body having a tubular portion in a first transverse direction for rotatably mounting on a pedal shaft, right and left pairs of lateral walls which extend from front and rear ends of the tubular portion in a longitudinal direction to form rightmost and leftmost pairs of front and rear end portions and rightmost and leftmost bracing walls which are spaced from each other in the longitudinal direction and which interconnect the rightmost and leftmost pairs of the front and rear end portions. Two mounting holes are formed in the front and rear lateral walls of the right pair and are aligned with each other in the first transverse direction in symmetry to another two of the mounting holes formed in the front and rear lateral walls of the left pair. Two cleat engaging devices are mounted on the upper and lower surfaces of the pedal body, and include two forward and rearward anchor members disposed to be in symmetry relative to an axis of the tubular portion.

Abstract: A straight axle type rotating axle structure comprises a housing, a sleeve, and a spindle. The inner part of the housing is formed as a container, one end of which is formed with an opening. A slot is installed on the inner wall of the opening. A plurality of spaced trenches are installed on the opening, and a joint end is formed on one end of the housing. The sleeve is fixed within the container in the housing. The two ends of the spindle are formed with an axle portion and a joint end, respectively. The convex ring is circularly installed between the axle portion and a joint end. A twisting force is provided by the friction force between the axle portion and the sleeve, and the convex ring is fitting into the slot of the housing. By above structure, a rotating axle structure is formed, by which a twisting force is provided by a coaxial manner. It has a simple structure and is easy to be assembled. Therefore, the manufacturing cost is reduced greatly.

Abstract: A power transmitting system having an input shaft, a driven bevel gear, a follower bevel gear and a clutch drive shaft accommodated in longitudinally bisected center casings. Left and right electromagnetic clutches connected to the clutch drive shaft are accommodated in left and right side casings which are connected to the center casings and, such that a driving force from the input shaft is transmitted to left and right wheels through the pair of bevel gears and the left and right clutches. Thus, maintenance of the clutches can be easily performed, and the check and regulation of the meshed states of the bevel gears can be easily performed.

Abstract: A chuck (25) for chucking a journal (271) of a crankshaft (27) is attached to the distal end of a main spindle (22) rotated by a drive motor. A phasing rotary shaft (53) is connected to the chuck (25) to rotate about an axis offset from the axis of the main spindle (22). The chuck (25) is provided with a coupling (63) that releasably connects the phasing rotary shaft (53) and the chuck (25). Further, a locking mechanism for locking the phasing rotary shaft (53) is provided. The coupling (63) has a pair of coupling plates (64 and 65) that can be moved closer to and farther from each other. Opposing faces of these coupling plates (64 and 65) have teeth (641 and 651), which are meshed when the coupling plates (64 and 65) are brought close to each other.

Abstract: A multipurpose implement for opening containers for foodstuffs and other products has one end with a ring and tab for removing lift-off bottle caps, an opposite end with an outer edge having a hook, a lug and serrations for opening cans, and an intermediate portion having an oval aperture with additional serrations, for twisting off caps and lids.

Abstract: A tool for removing shingles and nails from a roof in which the tool has a base mounting plate which has a plurality of forwardly extending tines. The tines are adapted for pushing under the shingles. The tines pry the shingles loose from the roof. A plurality of forwardly extending teeth are positioned on the base plate below and rearward of the tines. The teeth remove nails remaining on the roof after the shingles are removed. Both the tines and teeth operate when the tool is pushed in a forwardly shingle removing direction.

Abstract: A ratchet wrench comprises an output drive member (13,17) rotatable about a first axis, a drive housing (15) containing the output drive member, and a handle (14) on the drive housing for rotating the drive housing about the first axis. A rotary member (24) within the handle is rotatable about a second axis and a drive ring (21) extends around the output drive member. A coupling means (25) couples the rotary member to the drive ring so that rotation of the rotary member about the second axis causes rotation of the drive ring about the output drive member. The wrench also includes primary ratchet means (17, 42) for selectively unidirectionally coupling the output drive member to the housing, and secondary ratchet means (23, 43) for selectively unidirectionally coupling the output drive member to the rotary member through the drive ring whereby the output drive member (13, 37) can be rotated in a selected direction either by rotation of the handle 14 or by rotation of the rotary member (24).

Abstract: A jaw assembly is provided for a power tong or back-up tong to make up and break out a pipe section. The jaw assembly includes a jaw element for transferring torque from the tong to the pipe section, and a means for moving the jaw element into and out of gripping engagement with the pipe section. At least one die holder is rotatably mounted to the jaw element and is adapted to freely twist about a first axis oriented generally parallel to a longitudinal axis of the pipe section when engaged with said jaw element. The rotation of the die holder about the first axis allows the die holder to align itself with the pipe section upon engagement therewith and to provide an independent camming action against the pipe section to at least radially maintain the die holder's grip on the pipe section and avoid slippage therebetween when transferring torque. The jaw assembly may therefore be used on a range of pipe sizes without having to change the jaw.

Abstract: A ratchet tool has a ratchet body carrying a ratchet mechanism including a gear and a pair of pawls resiliently urged into engagement with the gear by spring-loaded balls. A handle is releasably received on a post which projects from one end of the ratchet body and is retained thereon by a spring-loaded ball receivable in a circumferential groove in the handle bore to accommodate free spinning thereof. A latching pin in the handle is selectively insertable in any of a plurality of recesses in the ratchet body to lock the handle to the body. A reversing sleeve is rotatably carried by the other end of the ratchet body for engaging the pawls to selectively control the direction of the ratcheting movement. The reversing sleeve has a tubular post which forms a part of an axial push-pull quick-release coupler for releasably retaining a bit in engagement in an axial bore of the ratchet gear.

Abstract: A ratchet box wrench includes a frame having two chambers at two ends, a packing member fitted in an intermediate portion of a frame and having two recesses at two ends, a first lug mounted in one of said chambers and provided with a pin at a top thereof, a second lug mounted in another one of said chambers and provided with a pin at a bottom thereof, a pair of outer plates fastened on two sides of said packing member, a pair of switching members each having an elongated portion at an end at an end having a longitudinal open slit at an intermediate portion, two ratchet box installed in said two chambers, a pair of pawls each rotatably mounted on one of said outer plates and disposed in one of said chambers, and a pair of springs each having a circular loop adapted to engage with said pin of one of said first and second lugs, a side loop engaged with a hook of said switching member, and a leg fitted in said cavity of one of said pawls, and two buttons each engaged with said raised portion of a respective one o

Abstract: A ratcheting handle includes an elongated body having an end portion formed with an inner annular wall that extends in an axial direction to define an axial hole. A ratcheting mechanism is disposed in the axial hole, and includes a gear member that is disposed to be coaxial and rotatable in the axial hole and that has a coupling end engaging a shank of the associated driver bit, and a rim portion disposed around the axial direction. The rim portion is provided with a tooth member that is spaced apart from the annular wall in a radial direction to define an annular chamber therebetween.

Abstract: Cooperating jaws are pivoted together such that working end portions of the jaw members are movable toward and away from each other. The jaws have butt portions extending opposite the jaw pivot from the working end portions. Such butt portions are, in turn, pivoted to elongated handles for swinging about axes parallel to the axis of the jaw pivot. The handles are channel shaped and define recesses into which the interconnected jaw members can be swung so as to be nested in the handles or, alternatively, into which the interconnected jaw members can be retracted so as to be partially contained within the handles. The handles have forward portions interconnected by a tension spring, and cooperating cam surfaces to bias the handles to predetermined angular positions.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a P-handle extraction tool for removing and/or installing a tubular member when access to the external surface of the tubular member is restricted. The tool uses a P-shaped handle to orient the grip of the tool approximately perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the tubular member to be removed or installed that is engaged by the tool. Thus oriented, the tubular member is rotated by rotating the grip about the axis of rotation of the tubular member. The handle design also provides for the attachment of a torque arm, thereby allowing the user to generate additional torque necessary to remove tightly fitted tubular members.

Abstract: A ratcheting electronic torque wrench has an input beam in the form of a hollow housing with a handle end and a work end, a ratchet head disposed within the work end of the housing and rotatable relative thereto and a reaction beam disposed within the housing and having one end fixed to the ratchet head for pivoting therewith about the axis thereof and an input end resiliently urged to a neutral position relative to the housing by two bias springs respectively engaging opposite sides of the reaction beam. A Hall-effect sensor carried by the input end of the reaction beam is disposed between two permanent magnets and is powered by a battery for producing an output indicative of reaction beam movement, which is proportional to applied torque. A display circuit can display the applied torque or a predetermined torque level set by a preset circuit. An alarm signal is generated when the applied torque reaches the predetermined level.

Abstract: A package is provided with a lid and container that are heat sealed together. A multi-ply sheet material is provided for being thermoformed to define the container which has a tapering wall and bulge-resistant bottom end. Prior to thermoforming the container from the sheet, the sheet is heated with oval pads on a plurality of plates which are arranged in a configuration to facilitate control of the sheet temperature. A plug is used in the thermoforming process to contact the sheet and position the sheet within a die. A lid sheet is heat sealed to the container sheet over the thermoformed containers so as to produce a pair of spaced-apart, annular bead heat seals. The package is completed by severing the sealed-together sheets at the periphery of the container with a punch and die set that produces and clean, smooth cut surface.

Abstract: In a process for cutting a deformable body, e.g., a clay column, into individual shaped bodies by using at least one cutting wire, the body is first provided with notches about its periphery by a known notching device. During the subsequent cutting, the body is supported by support strips that engage in the notches on both sides of the cut edges. The body is thus not deformed during cutting, no undesirable cutting edges are left and the notch definition remains.

Abstract: A conveyor moves food product, such as pies or cakes, within a cutting range of a knife positioning assembly. The knife positioning assembly supports an ultrasonic knife assembly which has a blade adapted for cutting the food product. The knife assembly is disposed above the conveyor and is moved to the food product in a cutting position therewith when the conveyor has the food product within the cutting range. The knife assembly is movable through at least two axes by the positioning assembly for positioning and cutting with the blade.

Abstract: High-speed flying shears and method employing the same with contrarotating blades (13) and scrap-shearing blades (18) fitted side by side to blade-holder drums (30), which is suitable to shear bars (11) travelling at 120 meters per second or more, the shears comprising upstream a first one-channel switch (16) of a start/stop type and downstream a second one channel switch conveying the bars (11) lengthwise and capable of being oriented in synchronization laterally by rotation on a plane substantially containing the axis of travel of the bars (11) and parallel to, and between, the planes containing the axes (12) of rotation of the pair of blade-holder drums (30) so as to make the bars (11) pass in the shearing area (35), the circumferential position of the blades (13) being associated with the lateral position of the first one-channel switch (16) at least in the transient moment of the passing of the bars (11) in the shearing area (35), the first and second switches (16-20) having at least a first extreme posi

Abstract: An apparatus and process for the production of any emulsion explosives composition and loading it into a blast hole (7) which utilize a loading conduit (4) having a shear inducing means (5) and a liquid lubrication source (b) adapted to provide a layer of liquid lubricant between the conduit (4) and emulsion explosives composition being pumped through the loading conduit (4). The conduit also comprises a mixing means (8) located at or near the outlet of the conduit (4), the mixing means (8) incorporates at least some of the liquid layer into the emulsion explosives composition.

Abstract: A handgun comprises a frame, a trigger mounted on the frame for movement between a rest position and a depressed position, a firing pin movable along a firing path between a cocked condition remote from a cartridge chamber and a fire condition proximate the cartridge chamber for firing a cartridge, and a biasing member for biasing the firing pin toward the fire condition. A transmission member is disposed between the trigger and the firing pin, via the firing path, and is responsive to depression of the trigger to displace the firing pin against the bias of the biasing member toward the cocked condition. A deflecting element deflects the transmission member out of the firing path of the firing pin to release the firing pin from the cocked condition and allow the firing pin to be propelled by the biasing member to the fire condition to fire the cartridge.

Abstract: A load transfer device for use with tandem mounted actuators. The load transfer device includes an actuator coupling assembly and a ground connection assembly. The actuator coupling assembly connects the first actuator to the second actuator and includes a movement apparatus. The movement apparatus is configured to allow the housing of the first actuator to move relative to the housing of the second actuator. The ground connection assembly is associated with the actuator coupling assembly and movably connects the first and second actuators to a rigid support structure. During a load transfer operation, the actuator coupling assembly transfers an unequal load from the first actuator to the second actuator. In particular, the movement apparatus allows the first actuator to move relative to the second actuator. Further, the actuator coupling assembly is configured to transpose movement of the first actuator into a forced, reciprocal movement of the second actuator.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a brake force booster for automotive vehicles having a control valve which is operable independently of an actuating rod displacing a valve piston, by way of an electromagnet which actuates a third sealing seat. Displacement of the sealing seat in opposition to the actuating direction of the brake force booster permits ventilating the working chamber. To eliminate all pneumatically induced force components in an independent activation, according to the present invention, a permanent pneumatic connection is provided between a pneumatic chamber delimited in the control housing by the valve member and the vacuum chamber, and in that both a second sealing seat which is provided on the valve piston and used to ventilate the working chamber, the third sealing seat, and the valve member in its sealing lip delimiting the pneumatic chamber in the control housing have almost identical diameters.

Abstract: A steering system (10) for a vehicle includes inner and outer valve members (40 and 42) which are rotatable relative to each other to port fluid to a vehicle power steering motor (31). A torsion bar spring (102) is connected with the inner and outer valve members (40 and 42) to resist relative rotation between the valve members during operation of the steering system (10). A torsion tube spring (202) has a first end portion (206) connected with an outer valve member (42) and a second end portion (210). The second end portion (210) of the torsion tube spring (202) is connected with a clutch (212). The clutch (212) is operable from a disengaged condition to an engaged condition to connect the second end portion (210) of the torsion tube spring (202) with the inner valve member (40). Connecting the second end portion (210) of the torsion tube spring (202) with the inner valve member (40) increases resistance to relative rotation between the inner and outer valve members (40 and 42).

Abstract: The proposal is for a control for the scoop flap (1) of a construction machine, especially an excavator, with at least one distributing regulator (9) acting with at least one hydraulic cylinder (4) to which hydraulic control pressure can be applied via at least one electrically actuated valve of at least one control device. When an actuating component (17) is triggered, the control device acting electrically therewith, the valve (10, 11) and via it the distributing regulator (9) and the hydraulic cylinder (4) are actuated according to a predeterminably timed current ramp (22).