Abstract: In an image forming apparatus having a particular area setting unit for setting an arbitrary area of a document image as a particular area, an image processing unit (scanner/IPU section) receives, when a particular area is specified, image data for the particular area, and generates a plurality of monitor image data having been subjected to image processing by setting a different image quality mode for each particular area, and further an image forming unit (printer section) receives the plurality of monitor image data and forms a plurality of monitor images on the same transfer material by arranging the monitor images at different positions on the transfer material.

Abstract: A picture signal processing apparatus and method is presented that determines whether there is an odd or even-number field signal in the picture signals received, by referring to flags that are turned on or off in accordance with the result of odd and even-number field detection. If the odd and even-number field flags are on, an image processing operation A is performed. If the odd-number field flag is on and the even-number field is off, an image processing operation B is performed. If the odd-number field flag is off and the even-number field is on, an image processing operation C is performed. In accordance with whether there is an odd or even-number field signal in the received picture signals, an appropriate image processing operation is selected from the different operations. That is, the received picture signals are processed in a mode suitable to the signals, so as to generate suitable image data.

Abstract: An image forming device that uses a power transformer (T) such that no action delay and performance degradation/malfunction occur even in a power save mode, thereby achieving high energy efficiency. Circuits (2, 3, 4) of the image forming device are divided into to two blocks (A, B), and the power transformer (T) has two sets of windings (TA, TB), one for one of the blocks (A) that always needs power feeding and one for the other block (B) that needs power when necessary. Switches (SW) are provided on lines (L1 to L5) extending from the latter block (B) such that these switches are opened to interrupt power supply when the device is brought into the power save mode.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a system having a computer and a plurality of printers connected to the computer. A printer selector selects a printer which can perform printing in the output form inputted by an operator through an input unit such as a keyboard or the like, based on print job data or printer data or the like. By inputting the output form, a printer having desired function e.g., printer capable of color printing or capable of both-sides printing and the like, is automatically selected.

Abstract: A data transmitting device transmits a print file showing file names of image files and print conditions to a data receiving device, and the data receiving device stores the received print file in a storage medium. Then, the data receiving device requests one of the image files from the data transmitting according to the file names shown in the print file, and the data transmitting device transmits the one of the image files to the data receiving device in response to the request. The data receiving device stores the one of the image files in a storage medium and prints the image in the print condition shown in the print file, and the data receiving device and the data transmitting device repeat the steps for each of the image files.

Abstract: In an image data administration system, a customer can upload a plurality of image data with attached information such as a date and a keyword from his terminal equipment such as a personal computer to an image data administration apparatus. When the customer wished to survey or to print an index images in which a plurality of images having a specific information are arranged, he transmits a specific information to the image data administration apparatus. The image data administration apparatus selects the image data having the same specific information and forms an index image data using the selected image data and transmits the index image data to the terminal equipment of the customer or a photographic printer at a photo shop. Thus, the customer can survey or obtain the index image.

Abstract: Photographic capturing device for the capturing of photographic image information from photographic media, with a light integrator which receives light emitted from LED chips with a respectively LED chip specific color, homogenizes the light and emits it from an output opening, in order to illuminate a photographic medium carrying photographic image information, and a detection means for detecting the light modulated by the photographic medium according to the image information, whereby a multitude of LED chips of equal emission color are provided for at least three different colors, which LED chips are mounted on at least one heat conducting substrate and in heat conducting contact therewith.

Abstract: A method and device are disclosed for monitoring communication activity within an optical communications network. The device includes a pair of optical components for tapping optical signals transported across a fiber optic line in the optical communications network. At least one optical performance monitor (OPM) receives tapped signals from the pair of optical components. An optical switch, controlled by the OPM, selectively provides to the at least one OPM tapped signals corresponding to optical signals traveling on the fiber optic line in a first direction. The OPM measures the various signal characteristics of the tapped signals when the optical switch is opened and closed, and determines the direction of travel of optical signals on the fiber optic line based upon the measured signal characteristics.

Abstract: Multiple transmitters generate repetitive waveforms having similar values of center frequency F and bandwidth B that are modulated with different information signals having bandwidth SB. Each transmitter generates a waveform having a unique repetition rate. The modulated waveforms are coupled into a communication channel. A receiver receives and separates the transmitted signals using a coherent correlation process, such as interferometry. The combining process extracts signals having a repetition period corresponding to a relative delay applied to consecutive waveforms. Waveforms having non-corresponding repetition periods combine non-coherently, thus enabling signal demultiplexing to be performed with respect to waveform repetition periods.

Abstract: The invention relates to an optical transmission system having the structure of effectively suppressing variation in cumulative chromatic dispersion in an optical fiber transmission line from a transmitter to a receiver, thereby enabling large-capacity phototransmission. The optical transmission system according to the invention monitors variation of chromatic dispersion in the optical fiber transmission line and compensates for the variation of chromatic dispersion, thereby suppressing the variation of cumulative chromatic dispersion on the whole of the optical fiber transmission line. The variation of chromatic dispersion is calculated by monitoring temperature variation of the optical fiber transmission line or by letting monitor light propagate in a dummy fiber transmission line disposed in parallel to the optical fiber transmission line.

Abstract: An optical transmitting device that compensates for waveform distortion in an optical signal path.. The device has an amplifier for amplifying an optical signal input through an optical transmission line. A plurality of dispersion compensators are used to compensate for various degrees of waveform distortion due to dispersion distortion in the optical transmission line by having different dispersion compensating characteristics. A selection switch selects one of the dispersion compensators and connects the first amplifier output with the selected dispersion compensator. Another amplifier is used to amplify the optical signal output by the selected dispersion compensator.

Abstract: In an optical transmission system comprising an optical transmitter, including a frequency modulator for frequency-modulating frequency-multiplexed multi-channel signals and an optical modulator for intensity-modulating signal light with batched modulated signals obtained by the frequency modulator, and an optical receiver for optical/electrical-converting and frequency-demodulating the batched frequency-modulated signal, a delay equalizer is provided before the optical modulator in the optical transmitter. The delay equalizer is composed of an inductor and a capacitor, which constitute a resonance circuit with a resonance frequency determining a center frequency for delay equalization, and a variable resistor made variable in resistance. A Q value of the resonance circuit is controlled in accordance with a variation of the resistance of the variable resistor so that a quantity of delay equalization is made variable.

Abstract: An optical scanning lens used in a scanning and imaging optical system in which a beam deflected by a light deflector is condensed on or in the vicinity of a surface to be scanned. The optical scanning lens is formed through plastic mold, and a distribution of the refractive indexes &Dgr;n(x) inside of the optical scanning lens has a local maximum within a range through which the beam passes through the lens.

Abstract: A scanning and image forming lens system in an optical scanning apparatus optical scans a surface to be scanned by deflecting a luminous flux emitted from a light source in a direction corresponding to a main scanning direction via an optical deflector at equiangular velocity. The scanning image forming lens system transmits the luminous flux deflected by the optical deflector so as to condense the luminous flux into an optical beam spot on the surface to be scanned and to scan the surface to be scanned with the optical beam spot. The scanning image forming lens system includes one or more image forming optical elements including at least one lens. At least one lens surface of the at least one lens of the scanning image forming lens system has a non-arc shape in a sub scanning cross section.

Abstract: A pivotable optical element that may be filly deflected in a plurality of positions is disclosed. The filly deflected positions of the optical element may be defined against linear segments on a platform or against linear segments on the optical element.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide, for an optical amplifier which performs amplification of optical signals of two wavelength bands, an optical amplifier and an optical amplification method of a simple configuration which can deal with restrictions on installation space, power consumption and the like. Hence with the optical amplifier of the invention, optical circulators are respectively connected to opposite ends of an optical amplifying means, and optical signals of the respective wavelength bands of a first wavelength band and a second wavelength band are input and output to the optical amplifying means via each of the optical circulators so that the propagation directions of the respective optical signals of the respective wavelength bands are in mutually opposite directions inside a rare earth element doped fiber. As a result, the optical signals of the respective wavelength bands can be collectively amplified with a simple configuration using a single rare earth element doped fiber.

Abstract: A long-distance optical transmission system comprising pulse emitter and receiver means (1, 2) and an optical line (3) which extends between said emitter and receiver means (1, 2) and which comprises alternating segments (3a, 3b) of dispersive fibers having chromatic dispersion of opposite signs, and also having a plurality of amplifiers (4), the system being characterized in that the optical line (3) comprises a plurality of pairs of dispersive fiber segments (3a, 3b) having chromatic dispersion of opposite signs between successive amplifiers (4), and in that the cumulative dispersion C over the majority of the segments of the optical line satisfies the relationship

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for amplifying an optical signal and to an amplifier unit (OFA) to which an optical input signal comprising a plurality of wavelength channel signals each at its dedicated wavelength is supplied. In the method, (a) demultiplexing is carried out to separate each wavelength channel signal from the input signal, (b) a first multiplexing is carried out, combining each separated wavelength channel signal with a separate pump signal, (c) each combination of a wavelength channel signal and pump signal is guided to its dedicated amplifier means (FA1 . . . FA4), and (d) the pump signals are separated from the amplified wavelength channel signals obtained from the amplifier means and a second multiplexing is carried out, combining the amplified wavelength channel signals into an outgoing WDM signal.

Abstract: Optical pickup head which makes a fine movement by a driver, and focuses an incident laser beam to a recording medium for recording/reproducing a data, including a micro mirror having at least one 45° mirror surface for reflecting the incident laser beam perpendicular to an incident direction, a focusing lens under the micro mirror for primary focusing of the laser beam reflected at the micro mirror, and an SIL (Solid Immersion Lens) under the focusing lens for secondary focusing of the laser beam focused primarily, thereby permitting fast and high precision data search.

Abstract: A camera adapter for microscope compromising a sleeve with an internal lens tube replacing the eyepiece of a microscope and placed on the location of eyepiece. There is a thumbscrew on lower portion of the sleeve to fix the sleeve firmly on the location of eyepiece. There is a connecting ring on top of the sleeve. On the top outer rim surface of the connecting ring covers with threads, external camera can tie to the sleeve through the threads. Based on above description, an external camera can tie to a microscope by connecting the camera on the threads of the connecting ring of the sleeve. This is for connecting an external camera to a microscope without a third eyepiece.

Abstract: An apparatus for an object in an ultramicropore space has a lens system so that an incidence point P with the diameter in a range from 0.3 to 0.7 mm comes to a position in a range of 12 to 17 mm away from the front side of an object lens 30. At the same time a reflection mirror 15 is positioned with a reflection mirror mounting member 8 formed with the V-shaped form in front of the object lens 30 and a reflection mirror holding frame 8 at the position of the incidence point. This arrangement is useful fir example to observe a soldered section 52 of an IC chip 50 by inserting this reflection mirror 15 into the ultramicropore space.

Abstract: A microscope unit of the present invention having a supplementary lens by means of which the distance between a view object and the viewing end of a microscope is adjustable. The unit has an intermediate member which is attachable between the microscope viewing end and the supplementary lens and has a dimension in the direction of the optical axis, where a first engagement part which is detachably fastenable to a lens attachment part at the microscope viewing end and a second engagement part which is detachably fastenable to the supplementary lens are formed in the intermediate member.

Abstract: A compact magnification-varying viewfinder optical system includes an objective lens unit for forming a primary image, the objective lens unit having at least one curved reflection surface arranged to reflect a light flux and a lens surface, and an eyepiece lens unit for observing the primary image, wherein an optical power is imparted to the curved reflection surface.

Abstract: An optical pick-up able to reduce a change of an optical axis of a light beam emitted to a photodetector when the optical element is tilted. An optical element in the optical pick-up is struck with an incident light beam from a first surface of a first prism, reflects the light beam refracted at the first surface at the second surface 161b, refracts the reflected light beam at the joined surfaces of the first prism and the second prism, and further refracts the refracted light beam at the first surface of the second prism to form an emitted light beam. The direction of the incident light beam and the direction of the emitted light beam perpendicularly intersect in the same plane.

Abstract: A system and method for providing extended field of view. In one embodiment, the present invention is directed to provide extended field of view for a user of a personal display system. The system may include an image source coupled to relay optics, to redirecting unit and to reflecting unit, and may optionally be mounted in a helmet.

Abstract: A device for generating a 3-D image includes a tubular body with liquid filled therein and two convex-concave members extrude from one side of the body. Two stereoscopic pictures are located on another side opposite to the side having the two convex-concave members. A 3-D image is seen when viewing the two pictures via the two convex-concave members.

Abstract: A reconfigurable bi-directional wavelength selective switch is disclosed. It has an optical system that is symmetric about a polarization modulator. The symmetric optical system consists of an input birefringent optical system and output birefringent optical system disposed around polarization modulator. The optical system delivers the wavelength channels that are to be switched as a superimposed wavelength channel incident the polarization modulator. As a result, crosstalk is reduced below −35 dB and greater optical performance is achieved.

Abstract: A shielding device for shielding a clearance between a frame member having an opening and a tube member received in the opening and movable substantially in the direction of an optical axis. The shielding device comprises an annular shielding member arranged between the inner circumference of the opening of the frame member and the outer circumference of the tube member. The annular shielding member is so slidably fitted on the tube member that its inner circumference may contact with the outer circumference portion of the tube member, and is either given substantially the same color as that of the outer circumference surface of the tube member or made substantially transparent at least at its portion having contact with the tube member.

Abstract: A projector having a projection system includes a reflecting projection unit. The projection system has an image display device and a projection lens, which is provided with an optical axis. The reflecting projection unit includes a first mirror and a second mirror. The first mirror reflects an image from the projection lens according to a predetermined angle. The second mirror receives the image from the first mirror, and reflects it onto a screen. The invention has the advantages of increasing image offset and the zoom ratio of the projector.

Abstract: The antiglare layer includes at least one resin coat layer (a) containing particles and a resin coat layer (b) laminated on said resin coat layer (a). The resin coat layer (b) contains particles and has a surface uneven configuration. An average particle size of the particles contained in the resin coat layer (b) is smaller than or equal to an average particle size of the particles contained in the resin coat layer (a), is capable of restraining the screen glaring phenomenon while maintaining the antiglare property and in which the whiting is observed to the least extent.

Abstract: A video display apparatus is disclosed which exhibits high utilization efficiency of a luminous flux from a light source and can provide a uniform video. The video display apparatus includes a light source unit including a plurality of coupling optical elements for converting light emitted from a plurality of light sources into a substantially parallel luminous flux and operable to condense light having passed through the coupling optical elements at a predetermined position, an optical integrator for uniformizing the intensity distribution of the condensed light, and a light valve.

Abstract: An optical system is shown for use with an image source to provide an enlarged virtual image with minimal geometric distortion. The optical system is suitable for generating a virtual image of text information in small font sizes, such as 8 point font or 10 point font, where the small font size text can be readily discerned. The optical system includes a prism having positive power wherein the total power is distributed among the prism's optical surfaces in a balanced manner and wherein the power across each surface is balanced as well. The prism employs a combination of rotationally asymmetric aspheric surfaces and a rotationally symmetric aspheric reflector so as to provide an extremely high quality virtual image across the entire width thereof, i.e. in the edge or peripheral portion of the image as well as in the central portion of the virtual image.

Abstract: An integrating rod (100) for combining light beams from two or more sources. A first light beam (104) enters the integrating rod 100 through a first entrance face (102) to a first reflecting face (110). The light is reflected by the first reflecting face (110) and travels along the major axis (114) of the integrating rod (100) to an exit face (116). A second light beam (108) from a second light source enters the integrating rod (100) through a second entrance face (106). The second light beam may be reflected by a second reflecting face (112) and travels along the major axis (114) to the exit face (116). The two light beams experience multiple reflections as they travel along the integrating rod and leave the integrating rod (100) through the exit face (116) as a single homogenous light beam.

Abstract: A method for forming a metallic mirror surface on a receiving surface, substrate or article is shown. The method comprises the steps of cleaning the receiving surface to be coated with a metallic mirror surface; spraying on the receiving surface an activating treatment agent containing stannous chloride and at least one precious metal salt of palladium, gold and silver or the like; and separately spraying concurrently on the receiving surface, a reacting metallic salt solution and a reducing agent solution to form the metallic mirror surface. The method may include the step of treating the receiving surface with a water wash treatment. The activating treatment agent may be in a solution form and contain about 10 cc to about 44 cc of hydrochloric acid, about 1.5 g to about 5 g of stannous chloride and about 0.001 g to about 0.005 g of palladium chloride per 1 liter of water. The reacting metal salt solution may contain about 6.

Abstract: A magnetic recording and/or reproducing apparatus performing efficient decoding to lower a decoding error rate. A magnetic recording and/or reproducing apparatus 50 includes a modulation SISO decoder 63 for modulation decoding data modulation-encoded in a predetermined fashion by a modulation coder 52. In the magnetic recording and/or reproducing apparatus 50, the modulation SISO decoder 63 is a soft input soft output (SISO) type modulation decoder fed with a soft input signal and issuing a soft output signal. The modulation SISO decoder 63 is fed with a trellis soft output signal D64 supplied from a trellis SISO decoder 62 to find a soft decision value for an error correction coding data D52 fed to the modulation coder 52 of the recording system to generate a modulated soft decision signal D65. The modulation SISO decoder 63 routes the so-generated modulated soft decision signal D65 to a downstream side error correction soft decoder 64.

Abstract: A recording/reproducing apparatus capable of switching over among a plurality of heads with high precision, wherein the apparatus is provided with: a recording/reproducing unit for recording/ reproducing signals onto/from a recording medium with a plurality of heads; a generating unit for generating control data for controlling the recording/reproducing unit; and a transmitting unit for transmitting control data generated by the generating unit to the recording/reproducing unit, wherein priority is given in transmission to data for controlling the switching of the plurality of heads over other data.

Abstract: A disk apparatus having a ramp loading mechanism. A disk medium on which second servo patterns have been written in a landing area on the medium at a finer interval than that of first servo patterns written in a data area is used. When a head is moved from a ramp to the landing area on the medium, a lead-in processing unit performs a servo lead-in on the basis of the second servo patterns written in the landing area at a fine interval.

Abstract: A defective track management method is provided for managing defective tracks in a disc drive where the logical zone table is generated after the drive certification test which determines the defect distribution; allocating sectors to achieve a constant number of sectors per track for a particular logical zone in the logical zone table wherein some sectors may be spare sectors allocated efficiently to avoid under sparing or over sparing, as the defect distribution on the disc drive has already been determined; and reassigning defective sectors to the spare sectors corresponding to the track or cylinder where the defective sector is located.

Abstract: A method and device for forming a magnetic pattern in a magnetic recording medium, a magnetic recording medium formed thereby and a magnetic recording device that includes a magnetic recording medium formed by this method and/or device. The magnetic recording medium has a magnetic layer, a protective layer, and a lubricant layer formed on a substrate in this order, and the magnetic pattern is formed by locally heating the magnetic layer and applying an external magnetic field to the magnetic layer.

Abstract: A magnetic disk apparatus includes a spindle motor for rotating a magnetic disk. Either a first pulse-train signal or a second pulse-train signal is selectively generated. The first and second pulse-train signals are different from each other in pulse frequency. When the first pulse-train signal is generated, the spindle motor is controlled to rotate at a first rotational speed in response to the first pulse-train signal. When the second pulse-train signal is generated, the spindle motor is controlled to rotate at a second rotational speed in response to the second pulse-train signal. The second rotational speed differs from the first rotational speed.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for simultaneously measuring and calculating servo-related data is disclosed. The method involves measuring the servo related data for a first track of a disc drive and then measuring servo related data for a second track. The method further involves calculating servo related values for the first track, based on the measured servo related data for the first track, while servo related data is being measured for the second track. This method is applicable for processes such as zero acceleration path determination in disc drives, whereby position errors are measured for the first track and then position errors are measured for a second track while simultaneously calculating the zero acceleration path for the first track based on the position errors previously measured.

Abstract: A disc drive system includes a base plate, a spindle attached to the base plate, and at least one disc attached to the spindle. A cover is also included for attaching to the base plate. The cover and the base plate form a disc enclosure which encloses the at least one disc, a portion of the spindle, and the actuator assembly. The disc drive system also includes a mechanism for attenuating acoustical emissions produced by the spindle, the at least one disc, and the actuator assembly. The mechanism includes anechoic features formed on the interior of the disc enclosure, using a liner formed with the anechoic features or having the anechoic features formed integral on one or both of the cover and base plate.

Abstract: A holder is pivoted to a chassis upwardly and downwardly movably. A lateral shift restraining piece is positioned on the chassis at a small distance away from an inner side surface of the holder, is opposed to a side plate of the holder in a horizontal posture, and is out of opposed relation with the side plate when the holder is in an upright posture. A pivotal movement restraining piece is elastically deformably provided on the chassis for preventing the holder from opening excessively by the contact of an end thereof with the holder when the holder is pivotally moved upward.

Abstract: A magnetic head device and a method of manufacturing the same are provided for improving the yield of flying performance of the slider and simplifying manufacturing steps so as to reduce lead time. A magnetic head slider is bonded to a flexure forming a slider supporter with an anisotropic conductive resin having a liquid form or a highly viscous form. As a result, the slider is fixed to the flexure and at the same time, signal electrodes of the slider are thereby each electrically connected to signal electrodes of the flexure, respectively. Furthermore, a ground electrode provided in the reverse (rear) portion of a magnetic head element of the slider is connected to a ground electrode of the flexure as well.

Abstract: A system and a method for increasing suspension resonance frequencies of a head suspension assembly of a disc drive includes, in one example embodiment, attaching a base plate to an actuator arm assembly of the disc drive such that the base plate including the actuator arm assembly are in actuating relationship with a rotating disc of the disc drive. A two-piece suspension member having a first and second pieces is attached to the base plate. A gimbal is attached to the two-piece suspension member such that a predetermined bendable area is formed between the first and second pieces and on the gimbal having a stiffer preload bend radius. A stiffer preload bend radius provides a higher stiffness-to-mass ratio without increasing the spring rate of the head suspension assembly to increase suspension resonance frequencies of the head suspension assembly to fall outside a bandwidth of a servo drive to reduce off-track motion of the head suspension assembly during track follow-and-seek operations of the disc drive.

Abstract: A magnetic disk unit includes a magnetic disk attached to a spindle so as to be rotatable, a slider having a magnetic head for reading/writing data onto/from the magnetic disk, a suspension for providing the slider with a predetermined load, and an actuator arm for positioning the slider attached to the suspension on the magnetic disk. A first pad including the magnetic head and second pads including no magnetic heads are disposed on an air bearing surface of. the slider. During rotation of said magnetic disk, a part of the first pad keeps in contact with the magnetic disk. A load point of the suspension with respect to the slider is positioned between a leading edge of the slider and a position located at a distance equivalent to substantially 0.42 times a whole length of the slider from the leading edge of the slider.

Abstract: A data handling system having a voice coil motor having a first magnetically permeable plate and a second magnetically permeable plate is disclosed. The first magnetically permeable plate is coupled to a permanent magnet pair and the second magnetically permeable plate includes a raised plate portion directly opposite the permanent magnet pair. Planar surfaces of the permanent magnet pair and the raised plate portion are substantially parallel to each other and are spaced by an air gap. A voice coil is positioned in the air gap and moves in response to a magnetic interaction between a magnetic field produced by a controlled current through the coil and a magnetic field between the permanent magnet pair and the raised plate portion. The planar surfaces of the permanent magnet pair and the raised plate portion may be substantially identical in shape and surface area.

Abstract: A method for fabricating an integrated coil-on-keeper assembly for use in a magnetic circuit to actuate a microactuator. The assembly is formed on a keeper substrate by patterning an insulator layer, plating at least one coil layer and patterning another insulator layer on top of each coil layer. The keeper substrate is etched to form the top keeper of the coil-on-keeper assembly.

Abstract: A thin-film magnetic head comprises a read head and a write head. The read head and the write head are placed such that a top shield layer of the read head and a bottom pole layer of the write head are opposed to each other. A magnetism intercepting layer is provided between the top shield layer and the bottom pole layer. The magnetism intercepting layer is made of a nonmagnetic metal material that is capable of being formed through plating, such as platinum. The top shield layer, the magnetism intercepting layer and the bottom pole layer are consecutively formed through plating.

Abstract: An excess current interrupting structure comprising a conductive wire rod which generates heat by an excess current connected between a pair of electric conductors, a circumference of the conductive wire rod being covered with a resin with a thin coated layer formed in the vicinity of a path of the conductive wire rod.