Abstract: The invention concerns a method for making smart cards by rolling. A first synthetic sheet (1) is first smoothed by hot pressing against a first smoothing plate (4). Likewise a second synthetic sheet (2) is smoothed against a second smoothing plate (5). Without being unstuck from their smoothing plates, these two sheets are rolled with other layers (3, 6, 7), said synthetic sheets (1, 2) serving as external layers. One of the smoothing plates may comprise a three-dimensional pattern to be relief printed on the synthetic sheet. The rolling is carried out by cold pressing the different layers (1, 6, 3, 7, 2) which the laminated card comprises between the two smoothing plates (4, 5). After being rolled, different cards with adapted dimensions can be cut out from the laminated sheets. The invention is advantageous in that the same plates (4, 5) are used for the hot pressing and the cold rolling.

Abstract: A pellicle formed by bonding a pellicle membrane composed of synthesized glass on a pellicle frame by an adhesive wherein a light shielding member for shielding ultra-violet rays irradiated to the adhesive is provided at a portion where the pellicle membrane is bonded to the pellicle frame, whereby the adhesive for bonding the pellicle membrane to the pellicle frame is prevented from being deteriorated due to the irradiation of ultra-violet rays for cleaning.

Abstract: A circuit board having coupled multilayered ceramic capacitors mounted thereon considerably reduces the generation of sounds developed by piezoelectric effects in the capacitors. A method for mounting the capacitors on the circuit board includes the step of forming lands for mounting the capacitors thereon at substantially plane-symmetrical positions on the front surface and the back surface of the circuit board, two lands at their substantially plane-symmetrical positions being connected each other. The capacitors, which are substantially identical each other, are then mounted on the lands of the front and the back surfaces such that the capacitors are disposed at substantially plane-symmetrical positions and electrically coupled to the lands.

Abstract: A process for the manufacturing of floor elements, which floor elements comprises an upper decorative surface a lower surface, edges intended for joining and a core forming a carrying structure. At least a first surface web or a number of first surface webs and possibly a second surface web or a number of second surface webs is fed between the belts of a continuous belt press. A mixture of polyols, such as polyester or polyether, crude methylene diphenyl diisocyanate and possibly a small amount of blowing agent in a ratio forming a polymeric resin with a density in the range 600-1400kg/m3 is then applied between the first surface web and the optional second surface web while being fed in between the belts of the continuous belt press. The belts are arranged to allow a mainly uniform and specified material thickness to form, whereby a slightly porous or solid polyurethane core is formed and possibly bonded to the first surface web and possibly the optional second web.

Abstract: The invention refers to a photopolymerizable precursor of a pressure-sensitive thermosettable adhesive, said precursor comprising: (i) from about 30% to about 80% by weight with respect to the mass of the precursor of a photopolymerizable component, comprising a monomeric or prepolymeric syrup, said component exhibiting an overall solubility parameter of between 10 and 11 and comprising (A) at least 30% by weight with respect to the mass of the photopolymerizable component (i) of one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomers with a solubility parameter of between 10 and 11.5 and less than 10% by weight with respect to the mass of component (i) of one or more ethylenically unsaturated compounds with a solubility parameter of more than 11.5, or (B) at least 50% by weight with respect to the mass of the photopolymerizable compound (i) of one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomers with a solubility parameter of between 9.5 and 11.

Abstract: A wafer holder for a semiconductor manufacturing apparatus that has a high heat conductivity and includes a conductive layer such as heater circuit pattern which can be formed with a high precision pattern, a method of manufacturing the wafer holder, and a semiconductor manufacturing apparatus having therein the wafer holder are provided. On a surface of a sintered aluminum nitride piece, paste containing metal particles is applied and fired to form a heater circuit pattern as a conductive layer. Between the surface of the sintered aluminum nitride piece having the heater circuit pattern formed thereon and another sintered aluminum nitride piece, a glass layer is provided as a joint layer to be heated for joining the sintered aluminum nitride pieces together.

Abstract: A remote plasma generator, coupling microwave frequency energy to a gas and delivering radicals to a downstream process chamber, includes several features which, in conjunction, enable highly efficient radical generation. In the illustrated embodiments, more efficient delivery of oxygen and fluorine radicals translates to more rapid photoresist etch or ash rates. A single-crystal, one-piece sapphire applicator and transport tube minimizes recombination of radicals in route to the process chamber and includes a bend to avoid direct line of sight from the glow discharge to the downstream process chamber. Microwave transparent cooling fluid within a cooling jacket around the applicator enables high power, high temperature plasma production. Additionally, dynamic impedance matching via a sliding short at the terminus of the microwave cavity reduces power loss through reflected energy. At the same time, a low profile microwave trap produces a more dense plasma to increase radical production.

Abstract: A system for performing chemical mechanical polishing wherein a dopant is added to the slurry during a chemical mechanical planarization so as to enhance end point determination. In one embodiment, the CMP system includes a laser end point detection system that provides a signal indicative of the intensity of light being reflected off of the surface that is being removed by CMP. The slurry that is used in the CMP process is doped with a surfactant such that false peaks in intensity of the reflected signal is reduced so that the end point intensity peak resulting from the laser reflecting off of an underlying surface is more definite.

Abstract: In a plasma processing apparatus wherein plasma is generated in a vacuum chamber 1 thereby to perform etching to a substrate 8 placed on a substrate electrode 7, a voltage monitoring conductor 11 is provided in the vicinity of the substrate electrode 7, and high-frequency power is supplied to both of the substrate electrode 7 and the voltage monitoring conductor 11. Completion of etching operation is detected by monitoring a self-biasing potential generated in this voltage-monitoring conductor 11.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a plasma processing apparatus for processing a processing object by applying two types of high-frequency power with different frequencies to generate plasma. A first high-frequency line is provided with a first filter circuit for attenuating a high-frequency current from a second high-frequency power supply. A second high-frequency line is provided with a second filter circuit for attenuating a high-frequency current from a first high-frequency power supply. The first filter circuit is provided with a variable capacitor for changing a circuit constant. For changing the circuit constant, the variable capacitor is varied so that a resonance point becomes greater than an optimum resonance point most attenuating a high frequency in the second high-frequency power supply. Doing so decreases a sputter rate of the generated plasma affected on a wall surface of the processing chamber.

Abstract: In a process for the manufacture of an optical ribbon conductor from several optical conductors, the outer circumference of at least one optical conductor (LW2) is coated with a first coating material (FC). The optical conductor (LW2) and at least another optical conductor (LW3) are arranged adjacent to each other in their longitudinal direction (OA) and are formed into a ribbon conductor and coated with a second coating (BC), so that a gap (S) results between the two adjacent optical conductors which is not occupied by an optical conductor. The position of at least one of the optical conductors (LW2, LW3) within the ribbon conductor (LWB) is controlled relative to the coating thickness (D) of the second coating material (BC). The second coating material (BC) can then dependably be removed after manufacture without also removing the first coating material (FC).

Abstract: The invention concerns a method of manufacture of tires and a tire assembly drum having a body with a receiving surface for the products to be assembled, the body being mounted on a center shaft, and at least one lifting device situated at one of the ends of the receiving surface, the lifting device including a plurality of lifting fingers distributed circularly around the center shaft, the fingers extending appreciably radially and presenting a bearing surface for the products to be assembled, the fingers being controlled to be deployed essentially radially toward the outside of the drum.

Abstract: There is provided apparatus (10) for attaching a serrated cutting strip to a carton blank comprising a first means for (24) conveying carton blanks past a second means (16), the second means (16) being arranged to cut a cutting strip from a supply (38) of cutting strip material and deposit said cutting strip upon a carton blank. The first means comprises a conveyor belt (24) preferably fitted with suction means, and the second means (16) comprises upper (58) and lower dies movable relative to one another and means (14) to feed a supply of cutting strip material between said dies. In use initial downward movement of the upper die (58) cuts a cutting strip from the supply of cutting strip material, said cutting strip being retained upon the upper die (58) by suction. Further downward movement of the upper die (58) brings the cutting strip into contact with a carton blank.

Abstract: The invention relates to labeling machines in which the labels are obtained from a reeled film and transferred by means of an aspirating roller, first against a roller that applies a vertical strip or points of heated glue, then on the container which is transported over a pan rotating about its own vertical axis and supported by a carrousel, itself rotating about an axis parallel to the axis of the pan. The aspirating roller for transferring the label comprises contact points positioned along a circumference centered on the axis of rotation of the roller between said points the roller is considerably recessed relative to the aforesaid circumference.

Abstract: A system for creating custom-look window treatments using tabs and interchangeable modular shaped fabric units. The invention allows for multiple window top treatments configurations by arranging modular units horizontally on a rod or by attaching layered fabric units to each other and arranging them on the rod. Since the system is based upon individual modules, any window size can be accommodated using a single layer of modules or layering the modular fabric units.

Abstract: In an awning having a substantially triangular awning fabric that can be wound onto a roller tube, provision is made for the roller tube to be actuated in the winding direction by a torsion spring that is disposed in a housing together with the roller tube; for the roller tube to be actuated in the pull-out direction by an electric motor that is disposed in the same housing; for a guide rail to be disposed on one end of the housing and a spacer rail to be disposed on the other end of the housing, said guide rail and spacer rail being connected in the region of their free outer ends to one another or to a window frame; for a deflection roller to be disposed in the connecting region of the spacer rail and guide rail; and for a rope or the like to be attached in the region of the triangular cloth tip and deflected via the deflection roller and guided along the guide rail to a rope sheave on the motor.

Abstract: In an articulated-arm awning comprising at least two articulated arms, wherein each articulated arm incorporates an inner and outer articulated arm section that are connected to one another by means of a joint having a substantially vertical swiveling axis; wherein the outer articulated arm section of each articulated arm is connected in the region of its outer end to a dropout profile by means of a joint having a substantially vertical swiveling axis; wherein the inner end of each inner articulated arm section that is located on the bearing side is connected to a bearing on the building side by means of a joint having a substantially vertical swiveling axis; wherein a tilting joint around a horizontal swiveling axis is provided on each articulated arm; provision is made for the articulated arm sections and joints to be dimensioned and positioned such that when the dropout profile is retracted, a lateral force parallel to the dropout profile or building wall is exerted onto a tilting shaft that is mounted so

Abstract: A fabric light control window covering in which fabric vanes are adhesively bonded between two sheer fabric sheets such that relative movement between the sheer fabric sheets in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the fabric vanes changes the angle of the fabric vanes and, thus, controls the amount of light admitted through the shade. The vanes are bonded to the sheer fabric sheets in a manner which tends to bias the sheer fabric sheets together to the nonlight admitting position. Also, disclosed are methods and apparatus for manufacturing the above window covering. The method features linear application of adhesive to the vane material which provides for a uniform appearance in the finished product. A heat setting process and apparatus is disclosed in which the bonded layers of sheer fabrics and vanes are fed between belts over hot and cool surfaces, under uniform tension and pressure.

Abstract: An apparatus, a windscreen, and method for securing a structure and its roof against damage from high winds, wherein the windscreen is engagable with a track that is secured to the eaves of a house, and, with a coarse fabric such as the sheet attached to the track with strap like elements and connectors and anchoring device for securing the windscreen to the ground preventing damage to the structure.

Abstract: For a process and an apparatus for loading fibers contained in a pulp suspension with calcium carbonate, a calcium oxide and/or a medium containing calcium hydroxide is fed to the pulp suspension, and the so treated pulp suspension is further charged in several reactors with pure carbon dioxide or a medium containing carbon dioxide. The reactors can be connected in series and/or in parallel.

Abstract: A cellulose fiber having extended biostability and the method of its manufacture are described. While prior treatments of cellulose with biotoxic metal compounds have given improved resistance to decay, these treatments have not been entirely satisfactory where the fiber had to be refined before use. Refining energy was very high and fiber length loss was substantial. Treatment of cellulose fiber with didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) or bromide (DDAB), these materials in combination with low levels of copper, or low levels of copper alone, has given a product with very good biostability without a major increase in refining energy or loss of fiber length. The treated fiber is particularly advantageous as a reinforcing component for cement board products.

Abstract: A method and an equipment for regulation of the initial part of the dryer section in a paper machine. Moisture is removed from the paper web in the press section (10) and the paper web is dried in the dryer section (R). The paper web is dried against heated faces of drying cylinders (20). The surface temperatures of the first drying cylinders (20) in the dryer section (R) are measured. The dry solids content/moisture content of the paper web (W) and the temperature of the paper web (W) before said first drying cylinders (20) are measured. In view of producing the desired running situation, based on the measurement results obtained, the surface temperatures of said first drying cylinders (20) and/or the dry solids content/moisture content and/or the temperature of the paper web (W) before said first drying cylinders (20) is/are regulated.

Abstract: A process for connecting at least two components, particularly body components of motor vehicles, wherein the first component has an undercut on a side facing the second component. In the area of the undercut, a connection piece is cast to the first component. The connection piece is designed such that, during its solidification, the connection piece is firmly connected with the first component by the contraction of a last-solidifying core area of the connection piece. Then the second component is mounted on the connection piece.

Abstract: In a semi-molten metal injection molding method of producing a thick molded article by injecting a semi-molten melt M of a magnesium alloy, in a semi-melting state, into a cavity 13 of a mold 11 through a product gate 17, characterized in that it is made possible to obtain a high-quality thick molded article free from internal defects. A solid fraction of the semi-molten melt M is set to not less than 10%, and more preferably within a range of 40 to 80%. A sectional area Sg of a product gate portion of the thick molded article corresponding to the product gate 17 is set to not less than 0.1 times a sectional area Sp in the vicinity of the product gate 17 in the product portion corresponding to the cavity 13. Furthermore, a product gate velocity Vg mm/s of the semi-molten melt M, a sectional area Sg mm2 of the product gate portion of the thick molded article and a volume Vp mm3 of the product portion are set so as to satisfy the following relationships: Vg ≦8.0×104; and, Vg×Sg/Vp≧10.

Abstract: The concave design forming unit with the desired form is formed on the surface of the molded component easily in the case of injection molding by using the low melting point metal material.

Abstract: Disclosed is both a process and apparatus for forming a molded article. The molded article is formed in a vertically potted flaskless mold. The flaskless mold is closed having an opening in the top portion that receives a chill for directing the cooling of the molten metal introduced into the mold cavity. After the molten metal solidifies and before the mold is broken down, the chill is removed for reuse in the process.

Abstract: A check valve 27 for preventing backflow of a coolant 5 in outside pipes 14a and 14b into a tank 10 when operation is stopped, a cubical expansion relief valve 28 for suppressing increase of pressure of the coolant in the outside pipes 14a and 14b, and a purge check valve 29 for blowing compressed gas into the outside pipes 14a and 14b to recover the coolant are connected to a primary-side flow path for sending the coolant 5 to a heat load 1, a flow rate control valve 31 for controlling a flow rate or pressure of the coolant is connected to a secondary-side flow path for receiving the coolant 5 from the heat load 1, a bypass flow path 35 is provided between the primary-side flow path and the secondary-side flow path, and a bypass flow rate control valve 36 which opens when the pressure of the coolant in the outside pipes 14a and 14b exceeds prescribed pressure is connected in the bypass flow path 35.

Abstract: A heat exchanger arrangement on a front carrying structure of a motor vehicle, with a passage orifice for the cooling-air stream which is largely overlapped by a heat exchanger module of the arrangement and which extends in a vehicle transverse plane and is delimited on two mutually opposite sides by wall regions of the carrying structure, the wall regions belong to the deformable zone of the forward structure. The heat exchanger module is mounted on the front carrying structure in such a way that, in the event of head-on collisions subjecting the region of the passage orifice to stress, said heat exchanger module, while absorbing impact energy, co-operates reinforcingly with the wall regions of the carrying structure.

Abstract: An air-conditioning device especially for ceiling placement with low build-in height and comprising at least one preferably vertically oriented heat exchanger, with substantially horizontal percolation of the room air and at least one ventilation channel for fresh air provided substantially parallel to and within a small distance from the heat exchanger, at its outlet side, a downwards open air chamber provided between the ventilation channel and the heat exchanger, and air nozzles provided in the channel side wall of the ventilation channel facing the air chamber, which are directed towards the outlet of the air chamber. The ventilation channel is provided with a preferably convex channel wall which diametrically extends substantially from the upper corner of the ventilation channel to the lower corner of the ventilation channel. The heat exchanger and the ventilation channel are arranged with a downwards, diverging open air space.

Abstract: An improved cold plate cooling system provides cooling away from the surface of electrical and electronic components with very low parasitic power consumption and very high heat transfer rates. The component to be cooled is in thermal contact with a cold plate. A fin material is inserted in the cold plate and refrigerant is circulated through the fin, allowing the cold plate and fin to transfer heat from the electrical or electronic components, as the liquid refrigerant is at least partially evaporated by the heat generated by the components.

Abstract: The method and apparatus for manufacturing of folded-fin heat sink assemblies provide laser welding of the folded-fin assembly to the base, core or other heat-absorbing mass, at selected locations, prior to brazing or otherwise bonding. This ensures proper positioning of the folded-fin assembly relative to the heat-absorbing mass, and proper spacing between adjacent fins.

Abstract: A capillary pump two phase heat transport system that combines the most favorable characteristics of a capillary pump loop (CPL) with the robustness and reliability of a loop heat pipe (LHP). Like a CPL, the hybrid loop has plural parallel evaporators, plural parallel condensers, and a back pressure flow regulator. Unlike CPLs, however, the hybrid system incorporates elements that form a secondary loop, which is essentially a LHP that is co-joined with a CPL to form an inseparable whole. Although secondary to the basic thermal management of the system thermal bus, the LHP secondary loop portion of the system provides for important operational functions that maintain healthy, robust and reliable operation. The LHP secondary loop portion provides a function of fluid management during start-up, steady state operation, and heat sink/heat source temperature and power cycling.

Abstract: The invention relates to a plate heat exchanger that consists of several pieces of sheet metal that are arranged parallel to one another, that are at least partially corrugated and that form a considerable number of heat-exchange passages. A header creates a flow connection among at least some of the heat-exchange passages. At least two parts (1, 2, 3) of the plate heat exchanger consist of metallic materials that cannot be welded to one another.

Abstract: A heat exchanger fin collar for a plate-fin heat exchanger having close tolerance dimensions for achieving greater contact area on the tube. The fin collar comprises an elongated fin portion for dissipating heat and a leg connected with the fin portion. The leg has a height and includes a straight contact portion substantially perpendicular to the fin portion, wherein the contact portion has a contact height along which the contact portion contacts the tube. The height is in the range of 0.008 to 0.080 inches. It also includes a first curved end portion having a first radius extending from a first end of the contact portion and a stepped transitional portion connecting the contact portion and the elongated fin portion. The transitional portion has a second curved end portion having a second radius, wherein the second curved end portion extends from the contact portion opposite the first end. A method for forming the fin collar and a heat exchanger are also disclosed.

Abstract: A tube for a heat exchanger consists of a folded metal strip having an outer face covered rod with a plating of brazing alloy (31) and including at least one folded border (28) having a sheared edge bearing on an inner face (34) of the metal strip. The metal strip is folded by passing through a series of successive rollers. The sheared edge is covered with a layer of brazing alloy (31) which has advantageously been pushed back by the rollers from the outer surface towards the sheared edge. According to the method, the metal strip is made to pass between a series of rollers, each roller including a surface which exhibits an inclination with respect to the rotational axis of the rollers, the inclinations of the successive rollers continually increasing.

Abstract: A heat exchanger tube, having at least one twisted baffle therein, each of said twisted baffles extends in the inside of the heat exchanger tube along the axis thereof, said twisted baffles extends as long as at least a part of the entire length of said heat exchanger tube, and said twisted baffles are integrated with the inner surface of said heat exchanger tube. The twisted angle of said twisted baffles is between 100° to 360°. The ratio between the axial length of said heat exchanger tube with the twisted angle 180° of said twisted baffles and the internal diameter of said heat exchanger tube is 2 to 3. The thickness of said twisted baffles is approximated to that of said heat exchanger tube; in every cross section of said heat exchanger tube, the transition zone from the surface of said twisted baffles to the surface of said heat exchanger tube, and vice versa, is in the shape of a concave circular arc.

Abstract: A heat sink comprises at least one row of many tonguelike fins formed on one surface of a heat dissipating base plate and each having a circular-arc outer end. The midportion only of the entire circular-arc outer end portion is bent forward into a curl portion. The fin end portion has opposite side parts other than the midportion and remaining unbent as arcuate portions.

Abstract: In a heat pump cycle, a first high-pressure side heat exchanger is disposed to perform a heat exchange between refrigerant discharged from a compressor and a first fluid, and a second high-pressure side heat exchanger is disposed to perform a heat exchanger between refrigerant from the first high-pressure side heat exchanger and a second fluid having a temperature lower than that of the first fluid. Accordingly, a heat quantity obtained from the heat pump cycle is the sum of a heat amount obtained from the first high-pressure side heat exchanger and a heat amount obtained from the second high-pressure side heat exchanger.

Abstract: A system for supplying air to first and second regions of a vehicle passenger compartment, has a first fan, a heater device, and first and second air conduits. The heater device has a first air inlet and outlet for air from the first fan and a second air inlet and outlet for recirculating air within the passenger compartment. The first and second outlets of the heater device supply air through the first and second air conduits to the first and second regions of the said vehicle.

Abstract: The present invention provides spoolable continuous composite coiled tubings made from substantially nonmetallic materials for use in wellbores. The composite coiled tubing has a selected thickness and a through passage. The composite coiled tubing preferably includes a plurality of layers of composite materials. A fiber optic string is disposed in the composite coiled tubing, preferably during the manufacture of the composite tubing. A plurality of spaced apart sensor elements on the fiber optic string provide measurements of one or more downhole parameters of interest during the wellbore operations. The fiber optic string may be embedded or placed along the composite coiled tubing. A liner may be disposed inside the composite coiled tubing to isolate the inner surface of the coiled tubing and the fiber optic string from the drilling or the wellbore fluid passing through the coiled tubing.

Abstract: A system for transmitting hydraulic control signals and hydraulic power to downhole well tools while reducing the number of hydraulic lines installed in the wellbore. Hydraulic control signals can be furnished at relatively lower pressures, and the hydraulic pressure within the line can be selectively increased over a threshold level to provide hydraulic actuation power. The system can provide multiple control paths through a few number of hydraulic lines to provide flexibility and verification of well tool operation. Closed loop hydraulic operation monitors well tool operation, and a combination of pressurized hydraulic lines can provide an operating code for selective downhole well tool control. Four hydraulic lines can provide independent control and actuation of seven well tools, and additional combinations can be constructed.

Abstract: The invention includes a method of scheduling cyclic steaming of a group of petroleum-containing wells including: inputting to a production-predicting means a group of data describing at least in part the past cyclic steaming and resulting production of a group of petroleum-containing wells; processing the data in the production-predicting means and outputting a group of production predictions for the group of wells during a future steaming cycle; inputting the group of production predictions into an optimization means; inputting an initial steaming cycle schedule for the group of wells into the optimization means; processing the group of production predictions and the initial steaming cycle schedule in the optimization means by the steps including: determining a ranking for the initial steaming cycle schedule for the group of production predictions against a pre-determined ranking criteria; producing a group of new steaming cycle schedules based on the ranking of the initial steaming cycle a schedule optimiz

Abstract: A technique for providing auxiliary conduits in multi-trip completions is disclosed. The technique has particular applicability to liner mounted screens which are to be gravel packed. In the preferred embodiment, a protective shroud is run with the gravel pack screens with the auxiliary conduits disposed in between. The auxiliary conduits terminate in a quick connection at a liner top packer. The gravel packing equipment can optionally be secured in a flow relationship to the auxiliary conduits so as to control the gravel packing operation. Subsequent to the removal of the specialized equipment, the production tubing can be run with an auxiliary conduit or conduits for connection down hole to the auxiliary conduits coming from the liner top packer for a sealing connection. Thereafter, during production various data on the well can be obtained in real time despite the multiple trips necessary to accomplish completion.

Abstract: This invention provides a method for treating multiple intervals in a wellbore by perforating at least one interval then treating and isolating the perforated interval(s) without removing the perforating device from the wellbore during the treatment or isolation. The invention can be applied to hydraulic fracturing with or without proppant materials as well as to chemical stimulation treatments.

Abstract: A downhole valve (10) comprises a body (12) defining a through bore (14) and a valve seat (16, 17); and a valve member (18) mounted in the body and moveable between positions to open and close the body bore (14). The valve member (18) defines a segment of a wall of a hollow sphere. In the open position the valve member (18) is located to one side of the bore (14) and in the closed position the valve member (18) engages the valve seat (16, 17).

Abstract: The present invention provides a mechanism for controlling the flow of groundwater into a well. The mechanism is attached between the well screen and the riser pipe, and can be manually opened or closed at the ground surface. When the mechanism is closed, groundwater cannot enter the riser pipe. When the mechanism is opened, groundwater can flow into the riser pipe.

Abstract: Improvements in method and apparatus for producing hydro-carbons from marginal oil wells, especially wells that previously used standard pump jacks. Substitution of the present invention for prior art production equipment solves many common problems found in the prior art, such as a well pump that experiences gas lock and pounding, which is a hindrance to efficient production in other known pump systems but is advantageous when using the Smart Pump of this disclosure. Disclosed herein is a pump assembly which senses when fluid is pumped uphole at a rate different than the rate that fluid is produced from the formation, by continually adjusting the time interval of one cycle of operation to coincide with the production history of the well.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for removing water from a gas well to permit efficient production of gas while protecting formation from introduced pressures. The apparatus comprises a check valve that seals the casing from production zone when hydrostatic pressure of water from production accumulates in casing above production perforations and checkvalue exceeds formation pressure. When the casing is sealed, a compressor pressurizes gas into the casing but not an exhaust conduit, the top of the casing being sealed around the exhaust conduit, permitting communication between the conduit and a suitable destination, such as via liquid separators on into sale pipeline. Accumulated water is caused to flow into the bottom of the exhaust conduit and out at surface to collection. When pressure within the sealed casing to the top end of exhaust conduit is equalized, the checkvalve opens and regular production can resume.

Abstract: A fire fighting system is installed below deck in a passenger aircraft for protecting freight and baggage loading areas. The system has a fire extinguishing medium storage container connected through a pipe line to one or more medium discharge nozzles. A compartment such as a passenger and/or crew rest compartment installed below deck is linked to the system by a pipe line extension (10, 12, 13) connected to at least one additional fire extinguishing medium discharge nozzles in the compartment.

Abstract: A method and apparatus to repair dents formed by a golf ball impacting the surface of a golf green. A restoring tool is mounted to the top of the handle of a putter, and this tool comprises a base member and a ground penetrating portion which is formed as a pair of tines and which is rotatably mounted to move from a stowed position flush against the base, to an operating position where it extends at right angles to the base. The putter is inverted so that the end of the handle can be positioned against the raised edge of the dent. The tines (outwardly extending) are moved to penetrate into the soil at a location outwardly of the raised edge of the dent, and the compression surface of the base member presses the sod layer downwardly and displaces the underlying ground layer laterally to fill into the recess portion of the dent. This also causes the displaced portion of the sod laterally over the dent.