Abstract: A video recorder for coupling to a head of a user. The headset video recorder includes a head assembly for securing to the head of a user; a data recorder coupled to the head assembly; and a camera, communicative with the data recorder, coupled to the head assembly.

Abstract: According to a data display method, data having a program unit and instruction data for the program unit multiplexed on bit stream data is received. The program unit is extracted from the received data and is stored in a memory. The instruction data is extracted from the received data, and the program unit or part thereof specified by the instruction data is read from the memory and is executed. Then, the bit stream data and the execution result are displayed. This ensures smooth synchronization of reproduction of a bit stream with execution of an associated program and efficient use of resources.

Abstract: A video standards converter (VSC) has a first input module, a second input module, a bus attached to the first and second input modules, a first output module attached to the bus and having a first video standard, and a second output module attached to the bus and having a second video standard. The first and second video standards may be different. The first input module may be adapted to convert an analog video signal to a digital signal. The second input module may be adapted to convert an analog video signal to a digital signal. The VSC may include a picture-in-picture feature for displaying images from two different sources simultaneously. The VSC may be employed in methods for converting a signal from a first video standard to a second video standard.

Abstract: Disclosed is a video converter board that converts stroke/raster video data generated by one display subsystem into a video format responsive to a sync-on-green (SOG) control signal and utilized by another display subsystem.

Abstract: A video and digital multimedia aggregator includes a content decoder, coder (codec) and formatter. The codec formatter receives coding and formatting requests that characterize input source content and desired output target content. Data conveyed about the source and target content may include parameters such as physical and/or logical addresses, coding and compression parameters, format descriptions, content size, description of auxiliary services, and other metadata elements that may be required for coding and formatting.

Abstract: The invention which is the subject of this application relates to the ability to generate teletext displays such as, although not exclusively, subtitles, on a television screen and to ensure that the text can be viewable regardless of which of a number of possible display formats for the video data is selected by the user. A broadcast data receiver is connected to or provided integrally with the television set and receives video data and auxiliary data. The required position of the text, which is generated from the auxiliary data, with respect to the video data, is determined by the broadcast data receiver with respect to the television screen format and the display format selected, and either automatically, or provides the user with the option to, alter the position of the text with respect to the video data display to ensure that when the text and video display are generated for viewing the text is in a position which is viewable on the display screen.

Abstract: The present invention is adapted to provide a video synchronization system which can be used to synchronize the execution of a process with the content of video transmission. Such a synchronization system includes an event detection system adapted to transmit trigger signals and a process execution element adapted to receive trigger signals transmitted by the event detection system. The process execution element can trigger the execution of a process in response to the reception of a trigger signal sent by the event detection system. The video synchronization system described can be used as a graphics application system or element in addition to other forms of process execution elements or systems which can modify the content of a video transmission upon receipt of an appropriate trigger signal. Provision is also made for the incorporation or use of data signals transmitted to a process execution element, where this data can be used as an input to a process or processes being executed.

Abstract: A method for independently controlling hue or saturation of individual colors in a real time digital video image, without affecting the hue or saturation of any other color in the same real time digital video image.

Abstract: A method and apparatus where a source delivers graphics data to a target, which receives and displays the graphics data. The source of the graphics data controls how the graphics data is to be displayed at the target. The source transmits a display control signal prescribing a manner in which the video signal is to be displayed in relation to the graphics data. A target receives the video signal, the graphics signal, and the display control signal, and combines the video signal and the graphics data in the manner prescribed by the display control signal to form a combined display at the target.

Abstract: Digital correction module for video projector where a correction module is provided to give a non-linear re-imaging of an image so that it is displayed correct on a non-ideal screen (curved screen) where a correction module is provided in each of a plurality of video projectors after a common image source in order to create a large, of several composite sub image, projected image of said image source. The correction module comprises a sequencer (1), a pixel write control (2), a parameter storage (7), a read address generator (13), a coefficient generator (5), a scaling generator (6), an adder (8), a pixel storage (3), a vertical mixer (9), a horizontal mixer (10) and a look up function means (12) for correction of differences in the border area of the image of the respective projectors such as geometry correction, soft transition tuning, vignette correction and gamma correction.

Abstract: The contrast of a time varying video signal is enhanced. Each digital picture is represented by samples having gradation levels in a range from a lower limit C to an upper limit U. The mean value of the gradation levels of the samples representing a first digital picture is determined. A first transform function is constructed in dependence on a distribution of samples with gradation levels less than or equal to the mean value. A second transform function is constructed in dependence on a distribution of the samples with gradation levels equal to or greater than the mean. The first transform function and the second transform function are used to form a contrast enhancement transform, which is preferably constructed in the form of a look-up table. The contrast enhancement transform is applied to a set of samples representing the first digital picture or representing the temporally subsequent picture.

Abstract: A video processing system includes input and output address generators. The address generators are capable of generating linear addresses associated with data to be read from and written to a device. The linear address is converted to a random address so that data associated with a macroblock may be read from the device and written to the device.

Abstract: Methods for identifying control keys with particular devices are disclosed along with methods of assigning control keys to particular devices. In particular, a remote control comprises a set of hard keys comprising channel group keys and volume group keys and a set of soft keys activated via a touch screen display. The display identifies the device the volume group keys are set to control and the device the channel group keys are set to control. Selecting the device currently controlled by the channel group keys by, for example, depressing the device indicator on the display screen, initiates a set up mode that displays numerous devices that may be controlled by the channel group keys. Selecting one of the numerous devices assigns the channel group keys to that device.

Abstract: A universal highly integrated television tuner is provided for receiving television signals of many different types and standards from terrestrial or cable sources. The input signals are supplied to an RF attenuator forming part of an automatic gain control loop. A tracking low noise amplifier supplies the signals to a tracking filter. The filtered signals are supplied to a first frequency changer 105, 108, 110, which performs up-conversion to a high first intermediate frequency. The resulting signal is filtered before being supplied to a second frequency changer performing down-conversion to a conventional second intermediate frequency. The resulting signals are supplied to an automatic gain control detector and to second intermediate frequency filters. The detector detects the signal level upstream of the single channel filtering.

Abstract: An optical projection system distributes light from an illumination source via fiber optic cables (160) to non-imaging morphing collimating optical elements (162) and beam splitting elements (163).

Abstract: A thermal dissipation structure is suitable for use with a first and second housing members to be assembled with each other. The first and second housing members are provided with a first and second assembly structure, respectively. The first assembly structure includes a first contact surface and the second assembly structure includes a second contact surface. A plurality of recesses are arranged on either the first or second contact surface. The first and second housing members assemble with each other through engaging the first and second assembly structures into each other so that the first contact surface abut against the second contact surface, forming thereby a contact interface between the first and second housing members. The recesses form a plurality of ventilation passageways that communicate with an interior and an exterior of the first and second housing members along the contact interface to dissipate heat.

Abstract: A projection type image display apparatus of the present invention comprises a plurality of image display devices which modulate a plurality of color beams, a color combination optical element which combines the color beams modulated by the plurality of image display devices, and projection optical system which projects light combined by the color combination optical element onto a projection surface. The projection optical system is provided with an adjustment lens. The adjustment lens is movable in an optical axis direction for focus adjustment at the time of adjustment of positioning of the image display devices with respect to the color combination optical element and fixed in the optical axis direction after the adjustment of positioning.

Abstract: A projection-type display apparatus of the invention aiming at solving the problem of heat generation caused by absorption of light by a polarizing means of a liquid crystal light valve. To overcome this problem, the projection-type display apparatus of the invention includes a light source, a light valve for modulating the light from the light source, and a projection optical means for projecting the light modulated by the light valve, with the light valve including a liquid crystal panel and a polarizing means, provided on the light source side of the liquid crystal panel, and the polarizing means being formed of a multi-layered film which primarily transmits one of two types of polarization axis component light beams and primarily reflects the other of the two types of polarization axis component light beams.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a display device including a scanning line (1) formed on an insulating substrate; a storage capacitance line (3) formed in parallel to said scanning line; an image signal line (2) formed across said scanning line (1) and said storage capacitance line (3) through an insulating layer; and a pixel electrode (6) being surrounded with said scanning line (1), said storage capacitance line (3) and said image signal line (2); wherein at least one overlapped area (11) of said storage capacitance line (3) and said image signal line (2) is defined in the area other than the crossing region of the storage capacitance line (3) and the image signal line (2) within one pixel area; whereby, breakage of the image signal line is mended without increasing the production step, and production yield is improved.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of forming a TFT and a reflective electrode having recesses or projections with reduced manufacturing cost and a reduced number of manufacturing steps, and provides a liquid crystal display device to which the method is applied. A photosensitive film 8 is formed on a metal film 7. Then, remaining portions 81, 82 and 83 are formed from the photosensitive film 8. Then, the metal film 7 is etched by using the remaining portions 81, 82 and 83 as masks. And then, a photosensitive film 9 and a reflective electrode film 10 are formed without removing the remaining portions 81, 82 and 83.

Abstract: A TFT array substrate is provided, which blocks effectively the light traveling toward the active layers of the TFTs. A patterned first light-shielding layer is formed between a transparent plate and TFTs in such a way as to overlap with the active layers of the TFTs. A patterned third light-shielding layer is formed to cover the TFTs on the opposite side to the plate with respect to the TFTs. The third light-shielding layer has the first parts extending along the rows of the matrix and the second parts extending along the columns thereof. A patterned second light-shielding layer is formed between the first light-shielding layer and the TFTs. The second light-shielding layer has a light-absorbing property, which absorbs the light entering the inside of the substrate. A patterned fourth light-shielding layer, which has a light-absorbing property, may be additionally provided between the TFTs and the third light-shielding layer.

Abstract: A display device is provided, which includes: self-light-emitting type image displaying means that has pixels arranged two-dimensionally; micro light-emitting points that correspond to each pixel of the image displaying means and exist in a part of the pixel; and a micro optical element that guides irradiated light from each of the micro light-emitting points arranged two-dimensionally, in which optical axes connecting each of the micro light-emitting points and the micro optical element corresponding to the micro light-emitting point substantially intersect in a predetermined point closer than a near point of an eye, and the micro optical element is arranged so as to focus a virtual image of the micro light-emitting point corresponding to the micro optical element in a position that is a least distance of distinct vision or more apart from the predetermined point.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device irradiates a light of a light source from a backside of a liquid crystal panel. A light-guiding plate provided under the liquid crystal panel guides the light of the light source to the liquid crystal panel by transmitting the light therethrough. An optical sheet is arranged between the liquid crystal panel and the light-guiding plate. A backlight housing accommodated the light-guiding plate and the optical sheet. The optical sheet has a protruding part extending outwardly from a periphery thereof. The backlight housing has an opening at a position corresponding to the protruding part.

Abstract: The present invention provides a backlight module of a liquid crystal display (LCD), wherein a field emitting display is disposed at a backlight position of a liquid crystal panel module to be used as a backlight module of the display for providing the required backlight source. The field emitting display is composed of a plurality of carbon nanotubes to have a low operational voltage. The present invention has the characteristics of high brightness, power saving, super thinness, and capability of being used in rigorous environments.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a surface light-emitting device. The surface light-emitting device includes a light source and a light guide panel having a light incident surface provided on an end surface thereof for introducing light from the light source and an exit surface from which the light is radiated. The light guide panel includes a reflecting surface which faces the exit surface and which is provided with a plurality of grooves formed sequentially in a stripe pattern, each of the grooves having a gentle slope and a steep slope whose slope angle is steeper than that of the gentle slope. The direction in which the amount of light radiated from the exit surface of the light guide panel is maximized defines an angle of 1° to 10° with respect to the normal line of the exit surface.

Abstract: Disclosed are a light guide plate, a front illumination type liquid crystal display device using the same, and a method for displaying an image therein. A light reflection pattern is formed on a light reflection surface of the light guide plate so as to change an optical distribution and prevent the moire phenomenon. The light reflection pattern prevents the light from being leaked through a side of the light guide plate, so an effective display area is not divided into a bright area, a boundary area, and a dark area. It is possible to change the optical distribution and to prevent the moire phenomenon, so the liquid crystal display device can display an image with an improved brightness uniformity.

Abstract: A liquid crystal projector comprises a reference temperature sensor, a comparison temperature sensor, and means for shutting off the power to a light source lamp for backlight when the difference between a temperature sensed by the reference temperature sensor and a temperature sensed by the comparison temperature sensor is more than a predetermined value. Used as the reference temperature sensor is a temperature sensor for sensing the ambient temperature of the main body of the liquid crystal projector, and used as the comparison temperature sensor is a temperature sensor for sensing the ambient temperature of a liquid crystal panel. Alternately, used as the reference temperature sensor is a temperature sensor for sensing the ambient temperature of the main body of the liquid crystal projector, and used as the comparison temperature sensor is a temperature sensor for sensing the ambient temperature of the light source lamp for backlight.

Abstract: An electro-optic display comprises first and second substrates and a lamination adhesive layer and a layer of a solid electro-optic material disposed between the first and second substrates, the lamination adhesive layer having a volume resistivity, measured at 10° C., which does not change by a factor of more than about 3 after being held at 25° C. and 45 percent relative humidity for 1000 hours. The electro-optic material is preferably an encapsulated electrophoretic material. Other desirable characteristics of lamination adhesives for use in electro-optic displays are also described.

Abstract: The reflective liquid crystal display device comprises a polarizing plate 1 disposed forwardly of the liquid crystal cell 6, a reflecting means 5 which is disposed on backside of the liquid crystal cell and reflects an incident light, and a light-scattering sheet 2 which is disposed forwardly of reflecting means and scatters the incident light isotopically. The light-scattering sheet can be prepared with the use of spinodal decomposition method comprising by coating a mixture liquid containing a plurality of polymers varying in refractive index on a transparent support and evaporating or removing a solvent to form a light-scattering layer having a droplet phase structure. The light-scattering layer includes a light-scattering layer showing a maximum intensity of the scattered-light at scattering angle of 3 to 40°, and a light-scattering layer showing maximums intensity of the scattered-light respectively at smaller angle of 2 to 20° and larger angle &thgr;b.

Abstract: A pair of electrodes which constitute an upper layer and a lower layer with respect to an interlayer insulation film are formed as different layers at respective pixel regions on a liquid-crystal-side surface of one substrate out of respective substrates which are arranged to face each other in an opposed manner by way of liquid crystal. At two pixel regions which are selected from the respective pixel regions, the height of background layers on which the electrodes which constitute the lower layers with respect to the interlayer insulation films are formed differs with respect to a surface of one substrate. The film thickness of the interlayer insulation film is set small with respect to the high background layer out of respective background layers which differ in height and is set large with respect to the low background layer out of respective background layers which differ in height.

Abstract: A cholesteric liquid crystal coating film 13′ is formed on an alignment layer 12 provided on a glass substrate 11 (FIG. 1(a)), and is subjected to a thermal alignment process at a temperature equal to or higher than the liquid crystalline phase transition temperature of a chiral nematic liquid crystal that constitutes the coating film (FIG. 1(b)). Active rays capable of activating optically active groups in the chiral nematic liquid crystal are applied to the cholesteric liquid crystal coating film 13′ to deactivate the optically active groups, thereby forming a cholesteric layer 13 having color-indicating regions with the desired areas and indication colors that have been created according to the active-rays-applied area and to the amount of active rays applied to the area (FIG. 1(c)). Thereafter, this cholesteric layer 13 is subjected to a thermal alignment process at a temperature lower than the liquid crystalline phase transition temperature of the chiral nematic liquid crystal (FIG. 1(d)).

Abstract: Disclosed are a transreflective type LCD, a method of manufacturing the same and a method of thin film transistor thereof. A TFT and a pixel electrode connected with a drain electrode of the TFT are formed on a TFT substrate. The pixel electrode includes a reflective electrode for reflecting a first light from an external and a transmissive electrode for transmitting a second light generated in the transreflective type LCD. The reflective electrode is formed to have a size no more than a size of an area in which the reflective electrode is not overlapped with the transmissive electrode. Thus, visual differences between the reflective and the transmissive modes are reduced. Also, the reflective electrode for reflecting the first light is formed with the TFT through one process, thereby reducing the number of manufacturing processes of the transreflective type LCD and the thickness thereof.

Abstract: A reflection LCD device has, on a front panel, a first phase shifter having a retardation of 145 to 180 nm which is a sum of ¼ of the central wavelength, 550 nm, of the visible wavelength range and an additional retardation, and a second phase shifter having a retardation of 250 to 300 nm which corresponds to ½ of the central wavelength. The optical axis of the first phase shifter is arranged so that the additional retardation of the first phase shifter and the residual retardation of the LC layer after application of a voltage cancel each other.

Abstract: This invention relates to a liquid crystal display device, comprising at least one retardation film (4), a nematic liquid crystal layer (5), and a light reflecting RGB patterned cholesteric color filter (6), for reflecting either essentially left-circular or right-circular polarized light, being characterized in that said liquid crystal layer (5) is a super twisted nematic liquid crystal layer having a twist angle in the interval 180-270 degrees, and in that the summed retardation R of the retardation film or retardation films and the liquid crystal layer is equal to approximately R=(3+2n)&lgr;/4, where n=0,1,2,3 . . . .

Abstract: A liquid crystal projector provided with a liquid crystal shutter which comprises a pair of transparent substrates with electrodes, two polarizers, and at least two optically anisotropic layers each comprising a hybrid-oriented liquid crystal layer, wherein the two optically anisotropic layers are arranged between the two polarizers such that a tilt direction of one of the two optically anisotropic layers forms an angle of 85 to 100 degrees with that of the other optically anisotropic layer thereby improving significantly the contrast without a major modification to a liquid crystal projector.

Abstract: To provide a liquid crystal display device which has excellent visibility and which provides a bright display by increasing the amount of light reflected in a direction of a line of sight of a user in a reflective or a transflective liquid crystal display device, and to provide an electronic device comprising the same. The invention provides a liquid crystal display device 1 comprising opposing upper and lower substrates 3 and 2, liquid crystal 4 sandwiched between the upper and lower substrates 3 and 2, and an upper polarizer (upper polarization layer) 13 and a lower reflective polarization layer 6 disposed above and below the liquid crystal 4, respectively, wherein the lower reflective polarization layer 6 is formed by stacking prism-shaped dielectric interference films having two types of wedge-shaped cross section inclined surfaces formed continuously at regular intervals, and wherein angles formed between each of the two types of inclined surfaces and the lower substrate are different.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a pair of substrates, a liquid crystal between substrates and alignment layers disposed on the inner surface sides of the substrates. The alignment layer is made from a material including polyamic acid containing a diamine component and polyimide containing a diamine component different from the diamine component of the polyamic acid. The alignment layer is subjected to alignment treatment by irradiation of light. UV light can be irradiated in the oblique direction onto the alignment layer through a mask having openings. A reflecting plate can be arranged between a UV light source and the mask. Also, bank structures having a thickness from 0.1 to 0.15 &mgr;m can be provided on the alignment layer of the TFT substrate.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display having a wide viewing angle and easily manufactured. The liquid crystal display comprises an upper substrate and a lower substrate, and a liquid crystal material disposed between the upper substrate and the lower substrate. The liquid crystal display has a conductive protrusion disposed on the surface of the upper substrate opposing to the lower substrate. The conductive protrusion is disposed over a scanning electrode line or a signal electrode line and has the same potential as that of the upper electrode. As another structure, each of pixel electrodes on the lower substrate has a smaller area than that of a common electrode on the upper substrate and is covered by the common electrode, and each of the pixel electrodes comprises an electrode portion having approximately symmetrical shape.

Abstract: In a liquid crystal display device having a pixel substrate 1, a opposite substrate 2 and a liquid crystal layer 3 disposed between the pixel substrate 1 and the opposite substrate 2, the pixel substrate 1 has a transparent substrate 4, a pixel electrode 5 provided on the transparent substrate 4, an orientation control slope portion 6 which is provided on the pixel electrode 5, sloped in different directions within each pixel and formed of organic film such as acrylic resin, and an orientation layer 7 coated on the orientation control slope portion 6, and the opposite substrate 2 has a transparent substrate 8, a opposite electrode 9 provided on the transparent substrate 8 and an orientation layer 10 coated on the opposite electrode 9.

Abstract: A belt-shaped sealant is coated on a substrate to surround a periphery of a display region of a flat type display device. A start point and a termination point of the sealant are disposed remote from the display region such that the sealant never intrudes into the inside of the display region when the sealant is pressed between opposing substrates of the display device.

Abstract: In a liquid crystal display device comprising a first substrate having switching elements formed for respective pixel electrodes thereon and a second substrate having color filters and a common electrode formed on a main surface thereof, the present invention provides a plurality of columnar spacers formed on both areas of the second substrate inside and outside the common electrode, covers a group of the columnar spacers formed on the common electrode with an alignment film, and arranges another group of the columnar spacers formed around the common electrode at both sides of a sealing material sticking the first substrate and the second substrate to one another. According to the present invention, the group of the columnar spacers fixed to the second substrate with the alignment film firmly secures a gap between the first and second substrates in cooperation with the another group of the columnar spacers arranged so as to compensate for deformation of the sealing material.

Abstract: A method for producing a liquid crystal device, the method including: assembling two substrates to form at least one liquid crystal cell; and removing material from a first one of the assembled substrates to produce a first region of the first substrate that is thinner than a second region of the first substrate.

Abstract: In a liquid crystal display device having a pixel substrate 1, a opposite substrate 2 and a liquid crystal layer 3 disposed between the pixel substrate 1 and the opposite substrate 2, the pixel substrate 1 has a transparent substrate 4, a pixel electrode 5 provided on the transparent substrate 4, an orientation control slope portion 6 which is provided on the pixel electrode 5, sloped in different directions within each pixel and formed of organic film such as acrylic resin, and an orientation layer 7 coated on the orientation control slope portion 6, and the opposite substrate 2 has a transparent substrate 8, a opposite electrode 9 provided on the transparent substrate 8 and an orientation layer 10 coated on the opposite electrode 9.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the rimless spectacles with lens holding stability, the jointing condition between the respective lenses and the parts to be engaged thereto of which spectacles is very stable and which shape stability lasts for a long period of time. Such rimless spectacles is provided as not only being stable in the jointing condition between the respective lenses and the parts to be engaged thereto so as to keep its shape intact for a long period of time and simplifying the number of the assembly parts so as to be advantageous for the parts inventory control as well as the maintenance thereof, but also improving the production efficiency thereof.

Abstract: A colored contact lens includes a pupil section and an iris section surrounding the pupil section wherein the iris section is at least partly covered by a turquoise colorant having a blue component, a green component, a titanium dioxide component, and a violet component. The colored contact lens may also have a hazel colorant and/or a dark colorant. The colored contact lens makes the iris of the wearer of the lens appear to be a striking turquoise color.

Abstract: A colored contact lens (10) having a non-opaque pupil section (20), an iris section (22) surrounding the pupil section (20), and a colored, opaque intermittent pattern made up of a plurality of elements located over the entire iris section (22) that leaves asubstantial portion within the interstices of the pattern non-opaque, the pattern covering an effective amount of the iris section (22) to change the apparent color of the iris, the pattern having a plurality of portions, each of the portions being a different shade from each other portion, each of the portions overlapping each other portion at a plurality of points, where at least one of the plurality of portions contains a design selected from the group consisting of uniform and non-uniform dots, islands of color, worms, starbursts, corkscrews, spokes, spikes, striations, radial stripes, zig-zags and streaks, thereby providing a lens (10) capable of changing the apparent color of the iris of a person wearing the lens (10) and imparting a very natural app

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for improving vision and the resolution of retinal images is described in which a point source produced on the retina of a living eye by a laser beam is reflected from the retina and received at a lenslet array of a Hartmann-Shack wavefront sensor such that each of the lenslets in the lenslet array forms an aerial image of the retinal point source on a CCD camera located adjacent to the lenslet array. The output signal from the CCD camera is acquired by a computer which processes the signal and produces a correction signal which may be used to control a compensating optical or wavefront compensation device such as a deformable mirror. It may also be used to fabricate a contact lens or intraocular lens, or to guide a surgical procedure to correct the aberrations of the eye. Any of these methods could correct aberrations beyond defocus and astigmatism, allowing improved vision and improved imaging of the inside of the eye.

Abstract: For improving the operability of the apparatus, the ophthalmologic apparatus of the invention comprises a measuring optical system which optically measures an eye to be examined, a detection system which detects alignment information of the eye for the measurement, a driving mechanism which moves the measuring optical system relative to the eye, an operating device which allows an operator to manually control the driving mechanism in order to move the measuring optical system, and a controller which controls the driving mechanism to perform alignment of the measuring optical system with respect to the eye, with a plurality of modes including a first mode executing automatic alignment within a predetermined range based on the alignment information of the detection system and a second mode executing manual alignment within a range broader than the predetermined range based on the operation of the operation device, wherein the controller automatically changes between the first mode and the second mode based on a

Abstract: An ophthalmic photographing apparatus capable of photographing a fundus and a slit-sectioned anterior segment of an eye in non-mydriatic conditions. The apparatus is provided with a light source unit including an infrared light source optical system for observation and a visible light source optical system for photographing, a hand-held photographing unit including a first illumination optical system with an illumination lens, and an observation/photographing optical system with an objective lens, and being separated from the light source unit, a slit light illumination unit including a second illumination optical system with a slit plate and an illumination lens, and being removably attached to the photographing unit, and a photoconductive tube connecting the light source unit to the photographing or illumination unit and transmitting infrared light for observation and visible light for photographing from the light source unit to the first or second illumination optical system.

Abstract: An autorefractor system in an ultra-compact package is described for rapidly and objectively measuring the refractive state of the eye. The autorefractor detector system, in conjunction with a secondary light source, uses one photodetector such as a charge coupled device (“CCD”) or one photodiode, to intercept a light beam at two distances from a secondary retinal light source created by one relay lens, one pupil emitter conjugate lens and one pupil detector conjugate lens. The signals produced by the photodetector are used to determine the full spherocylindrical refraction of the eye. A novel illumination and imaging system provides multiple capabilities to image the eye, control accommodation, and acquire and maintain optical alignment, while obtaining other measurements of the eye.