Abstract: The present invention provides a data-recordable optical disk device. Test data is recorded in a predetermined area of an optical disk while varying recording power level, and an optimum recording power level is selected based on reproduced signal quality of the test data. When the optimum recording power level does not exceed an allowable recording power level of the laser diode, data is recorded at that optimum recording power level. When the optimum recording power level exceeds the allowable recording power level of the laser diode, the recording strategy is changed to a low-power strategy. A low-power strategy is, for example, a strategy having an increased recording pulse width compared to that of a standard strategy. An optimum recording power level is selected for the low-power strategy, and data is subsequently recorded.

Abstract: A protection method that prevents optical disk drives from Laser leakage is provided. First, determine whether switch detector has generated a close-status signal of the optical disk drive or not: if yes, then forward kick the spindle motor. Next, feed back the actual revolving speed of the spindle motor. Then, determine whether the actual revolving speed is lesser than the empty-tray revolving speed or not: if yes, then emit Laser rays to read CD data, otherwise, halt emitting Laser rays and perform system routine operations of the optical disk drive. The invention not only helps to reduce production cost but also effectively detects whether a CD has been placed into the optical disk drive or not during the failure of a switch detector, thus avoiding Laser leakage that causes harm to users.

Abstract: A method is provided for performing data-writing or data-reading with an optical data storage medium including a substrate. The method includes the following steps. The storage medium is irradiated with light from a light source via an objective lens, so that a light spot is formed on the storage medium. Then, the lens is moved from the focus point to a predetermined defocus point where the light spot has a maximum peak intensity. The defocus point is detected as a minimum depletion point regarding the aberration caused by a thickness error of the substrate.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for aligning a rotating device such as an actuator assembly to a base of, for example, a disk drive. The device is rotatably mounted to the base about the pivot pin. The method may involve adjusting the angular position of the pivot pin relative to the base unless or until the actuator assembly rotates in a first plane parallel to a second plane containing a surface of the data storage disk. In one embodiment, the data storage disk is mounted for rotation on a disk rotation motor. The disk rotation motor, in turn, is mounted to a base. With the device positioned between the base and the data storage disk, the device is rotated about the pivot pin. While the device is rotated about the pivot pin, electrical current is provided to the device. The magnitude of the electrical current is proportional or inversely proportional to a distance D separating the device from the data storage disk. The electrical current is monitored as the device rotates about the pivot pin.

Abstract: On an optical disk medium according to the present invention, address information is recorded along a wobbling track groove 2. The track groove 2 is made up of a plurality of unit sections 22, 23. Each of these unit sections 22, 23 has side faces that are displaced periodically in a disk radial direction. This displacement oscillates at a single period in a tracking direction. However, the displacement pattern differs depending on “each bit of address information (subdivided information)” allocated to each of the unit sections 22, 23.

Abstract: A guide rail assembly for use with a disk drive has a first rail that has a raised ridge with a wavy upper edge and a wavy lower edge. The assembly also has a second rail having a channel defined therein, with the channel having a wavy upper wall and a wavy lower wall. The raised ridge of the first rail is positioned for reciprocating movement inside the channel of the second rail.

Abstract: A disc device can easily install an eject/lock mechanism of self-hold solenoid type into a narrow space inside it, and by omitting some mechanisms of the structures, the cost can be lowered, and the malfunction frequency is therefore reduced. The disc device operates the eject/lock mechanism and opens a disc-loading unit by adding a pulse current to the self-hold solenoid. The eject/lock mechanism has a releasing spring, and when closing the disc-loading unit, a resilient force is generated by the releasing spring, and when opening the disc-loading unit, the resilient force is released. An activating end of the releasing spring is connected to a moveable plate of the self-hold solenoid.

Abstract: The disk carrier device comprises a carrier roller having a tapered surface with the diameter thereof becoming smaller gradually from the opposite ends towards the center, and a disk guide member integrally formed with a pair of tilted protrusions in the front and rear parts thereof which become gradually lower from the opposite ends towards the center. It is constructed such that the carrier roller is arranged between the pair of tilted protrusions to resiliently clamp the disk between the both tilted protrusions and the carrier roller to thereby carry the disk by the rotation of the carrier roller.

Abstract: A disk recording apparatus for recording data to a disk is disclosed. The apparatus includes: a reading and writing element for emitting a read beam onto the disk to read out recorded data therefrom while emitting a plurality of write beams simultaneously onto the disk to record data thereto in parallel; and a controlling element for controlling where to emit on the disk the plurality of write beams in accordance with the data read out by the reading and writing element.

Abstract: The invention presents systems and methods for initializing the phase-change layer of an optical medium. The method includes alternately quenching the phase-change material into amorphous states and crystallization states in a single pass of an optical head past the optical medium.

Abstract: An optical pickup apparatus having a beam splitter on which a hologram is formed, and a method of compensating for a deviation between optical axes using the optical pickup apparatus .

Abstract: An electromagnetically controlled drive system for accessing a data storage medium comprises an optical signal generator and a reflector element adapted to receive an optical signal from the optical signal generator. The reflector element is also adapted to direct the optical signal toward the data storage medium. The system also comprises an electromagnetic element adapted to generate an electromagnetic field proximate to the reflector element. The reflector element is adapted to respond to the electromagnetic field to move the optical signal relative to the data storage medium in response to a change in the electromagnetic field.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus such as a disk drive that includes a base, a first device, and a second device. The first device can read or write data to a data storage disk. The first device is movably mounted to the base. For example, the first device can move in orthogonal first and second planes. The second device is mounted to the base and is configured to limit movement of the first device in the second plane. In one embodiment, the first device is rotatably mounted to the base and includes first and second portions. The first portion is rotatably mounted to the base, and the second portion is rotatably connected to the first portion. In this embodiment, the first portion rotates in the first plane, and the second portion rotates in the second plane. The second device is configured to limit rotation of the second portion in the second plane. Rotation of the second portion is limited when the second portion engages the second device.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus that includes a base, a first device and a second device. The first device is configured to read or write data to a data storage disk. The first device is rotatably mounted to the base and configured to rotate in a first plane. The second device is also mounted to the base. The second device is configured to adjustably limit rotational movement of the first device in the first plane. In one embodiment, the second device includes a camming surface. The camming surface can be perpendicular to the first plane in which the first device rotates. In this embodiment, the second device is rotatably mounted to the base with the second device capable of rotation between first and second positions. The first device is rotatable between third and fourth positions when the second device is in the first position, and the first device is rotatable between third and fifth positions when the second device is in the second position. The fourth and fifth positions are different from each other.

Abstract: In a structure for connecting a lens (17) to a lens holder (25) having a mounting surface (31), the lens has a flange (26) placed on the mounting surface. The flange has a particular surface faced to the mounting surface and at least three protrusions (27) on the particular surface. The mounting surface has a plurality of recesses (32) formed at positions corresponding to the protrusions. Each of the recesses has a depth smaller than a height of a corresponding one of the protrusions and a volume greater than that of the corresponding one. The protrusions are placed in the recesses, respectively, and ultrasonic welded to the lens holder.

Abstract: The present invention is related to a method and apparatus for limiting movement of an actuator assembly in a data storage/retrieval system. In one embodiment of the apparatus, a base is provided on which first and second devices are mounted. The first device is rotatably mounted to the base and reads or writes data to a data storage disk. The second device operates between first and second states. In the first state, the first device is capable of movement with respect to the base. In the second state, the second device operates to inhibit movement of the first device with respect to the base. The second device may operate in the first state when the first device is reading or writing data to the data storage disk, and the second device may operate in the second state when the first device is not reading or writing data to the data storage disk. In one embodiment, second device is rotatably mounted to the base between first and second positions.

Abstract: An optical recording medium protecting film which is a protecting film comprising a single transparent film made of a thermoplastic resin, having a retardation of no greater than 15 nm at a wavelength of 550 nm and a K value of no greater than 40 nm at 550 nm, having a glass transition temperature of 120° C. or higher and a water absorption of no greater than 1 wt %.

Abstract: The invention is directed toward techniques for creating molded substrates for use in various different data storage media. The molded substrates have improved thickness profiles that can improve media quality, and in some cases facilitate higher data storage densities. In many cases, the improved thickness profile is a thickness profile that has improved flatness. Mechanical flatness or optical flatness can be achieved. In particular, optical flatness is desirable for substrates used in holographic data storage media having a sandwiched construction.

Abstract: Techniques to select transmission channels for use for data transmission and to process and transmit data over the selected transmission channels. Transmission channels available for use are segregated into one or more groups, with each group including any number of channels. With selective channel transmission, only “good” channels in each group are selected (e.g., based on the channels' received SNRs and an SNR threshold), “bad” channels are not used, and the total available transmit power for the group is (e.g., uniformly) distributed across only the good channels. Each group may also be associated with a respective coding and modulation scheme, and data for each group may be coded and modulated based on the scheme selected for the group. Improved performance is achieved by using only good channels in each group and matching the data processing for the selected channels to the capacity achievable by the channels.

Abstract: Received signals of the respective sub-carriers are multiplied by a weighting controlled for each sub-carrier, using a weighting control part 2-8 and multipliers 2-9, so that the mean square error between the signals following despreading and the signals that are actually transmitted is minimized. Afterward, MMSE combining is performed.

Abstract: This invention relates to an SDH transmission technique, wherein one SDH transmission equipment is provided with a first switching control part which performs a line switching control between a work line and a protection line in accordance with setting information on a line switching control and a setting information transfer part which transfers the setting information to other SDH transmission equipment as setting information at other SDH transmission equipment, while other SDH transmission equipment is provided with a setting information detection part which detects the setting information transferred from the one SDH transmission equipment and a second line switching control part which performs a line switching control at own side in accordance with the setting information detected by the setting information detection part.

Abstract: A packet transmission method is provided when there occurs a double fault in working paths of a 1:N configuration and when packets thereon are to be bypassed from the working paths to a recovery path, the packet can be transferred to the recovery path while retaining packet priority classes or VPNs on the recovery path. If faults occur in both a first line on which is set a first label-switched path and a second line on which is set a second label-switched path, packets which should flow respectively through the first and second label-switched paths are bypassed to the recovery path. At this time, different labels are affixed to the packets such that the thus-labeled packets are transferred to the recovery path.

Abstract: An Ethernet MAC APS Control sublayer is provided for supporting SDH/SONET APS standard functionality in Ethernet Networks. In accordance with one embodiment, an Ethernet MAC APS Control sublayer is provided for processing Ethernet MAC APS Control frames. The MAC APS Control sublayer provides support for a MAC Client APS Controller to implement all of the SDH/SONET APS standard functionality. The MAC APS Control frame provides support for SDH/SONET K/1K2 APS signaling protocol on Ethernet networks. The near end APS Controller can use the MAC APS Control frames to communicate with the far end APS controller during switchover and other APS operational requests. The far end APS controller, in turn, can use the MAC APS Control frames to communicate with the near end APS controller for switchover and other APS operational requests.

Abstract: A cell switch module having a unit cell switching function and placeable in either an active state or a standby state. The module comprises a plurality of input ports for inputting cells thereto, a plurality of output ports for outputting cells therefrom, and a cell switching controller to execute such control that, in response to an active/standby switching instruction, a decision is made as to whether the input cell is a specific first cell or not, and if the input cell is detected to be the first cell in the active state, any subsequent cell inputted thereafter is not switched, but if the input cell is detected to be the first cell in the standby state, any subsequent cell inputted thereafter is switched.

Abstract: In a bidirectional ring network, in which nodes are mutually connected by network segments, a method of fault protection includes constructing a general mask indicating which of the segments can be reached. For a given data flow to be conveyed through the network from a source node to a destination node, a specific mask is constructed indicating the segments on a desired path of the flow. The general and specific masks are superimposed in order to determine a disposition of the flow.

Abstract: A vehicle active network (12) communicatively couples devices (14-20) within a vehicle (10). Device operation is independent of the interface (22-28) of the device (14-20) with the active network (12). Additionally, the architecture of the active network (12) provides one or more levels of communication redundancy. The architecture provides for the total integration of vehicle systems and functions, and permits plug-and-play device integration and upgradeability.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of protecting a first network from unauthorized access includes storing profile information for each call session, and determining if an unauthorized access of the first network is occurring based on the profile information. The profile information includes a predetermined threshold indicating a maximum acceptable rate of incoming data units from an external network to the first network. If the incoming data unit rate exceeds the predetermined threshold, then a security action is taken, such as generating an alarm or preventing further transport of data units from the external network to the first network.

Abstract: In a communications system in which a plurality of subscriber apparatuses and a station apparatus are connected to the same transmission channel for bidirectional communication, a bandwidth allocated in a direction from subscriber apparatuses to a station apparatus is dynamically updated. More specifically, a bandwidth usage rate is calculated from a bandwidth allocated in a updating period and a bandwidth actually used in the updating period. A bandwidth to be allocated in a subsequent period is determined based on the bandwidth usage rate thus calculated. With this construction, the station apparatus is capable of allocating the bandwidth required by the subscriber apparatuses or subscriber terminal apparatuses so that the bandwidth is efficiently used.

Abstract: A method and system for regulating packet flow to a downstream entity capable of forwarding packets to a plurality of intermediate destinations. The method includes maintaining a database of queues, each queue in the database being associated with packets intended to be forwarded to a corresponding one of a plurality of final destinations via a corresponding one of the intermediate destinations. Each queue in the database is further associated with a state that is either active or inactive. Upon receipt of a message from the downstream entity indicating a reduced (increased) ability of a particular one of the intermediate destinations to accept packets intended to be forwarded to a particular one of the final destinations, the method provides for rendering inactive (active) the state of the queue associated with packets intended to be forwarded to the particular final destination via the particular intermediate destination.

Abstract: A network transfer communication device (6A) or (6B) transfers electronic information from the communication terminal (3) to the communication terminal (5). A destination information abstracter 30 abstracts communication condition information from the transfer request information received from the communication terminal (5). A transfer controller (29) sets communication condition according to the information abstracted by the destination information abstracter (30). A mail server access unit (28) receives the electronic information from the communication terminal (3) according to the setting condition set in the destination information abstracter (30). A transfer controller (29) executes communication control for transferring the electronic information to the communication device (5) according to the condition.

Abstract: Systems and methods for transmitting packets and controlling packet flow are provided in wireless communication systems. A time stamping technique synchronizes timers/and clocks between one or more senders and receivers in a wireless communication system. Additionally, a global acknowledgement frame carries a plurality of acknowledgement messages, such as one for each services identification (SID).

Abstract: In a label transfer network, an ingress node positioned at an upstream side end of a partial section of a first data transfer path (old path) transmits a path modify request, and an egress node positioned at a downstream side end of the partial section returns a label allocation request on a detour path (new path) to the ingress node in response to reception of the path modify request for implementing partial path modification from the old path to the new path. This enables the partial path modification with only a node bearing relation to the path modification, thus shortening the time needed for the path modification and suppressing an increase in extra control traffic for a node having no relation to the path modification.

Abstract: A path pair designing method is provided which enables a sure creation of a path pair so long as a network having a configuration that allows the path pair to be created is employed. The path pair designing method includes a first step of producing an objective function to be used as a reference for selection of the path pair, a second step of producing a first constraint expression to be used as a condition required for acquiring the path pair, a third step of producing a second constraint expression to be used as a condition required to put each of communication paths making up the path pair into a disjoint state, and a fourth step of solving a mathematical programming problem made up of the objective function produced in the first step, the first constraint expressions produced in the second step and the second constraint expressions produced in the third step, and of selecting the disjoint path pair.

Abstract: A method of deriving a route through a network comprises analysing constraints imposed by a stream of data to be routed through the network; calculating a best path through the network between a first node (A) and a second node (G); and setting up, between the first and second nodes, a bearer trail which satisfies the constraints. The method further comprises analysing the chosen route using a state machine to ensure compliance before defining the bearer trail.

Abstract: A data capture circuit having a self-test capability includes a first data capture element to be tested in a self-test mode of operation, at least one additional data capture element, e.g., a second data capture element that is a substantial duplicate of the first, a clock generator circuit, a controller and a comparison circuit. The clock generator circuit is configured to generate a clock signal for application to clock inputs of the data capture elements, and a number of selectable clock-based test data signals. In the test mode, the controller selects at least a particular one of the test data signals for application to a data input of the first data capture element. A delayed version of the selected test data signal is applied to a data input of the second data capture element. The comparison circuit is configured to compare output signals generated by the first and second data capture elements, and supplies a result of the comparison back to the controller.

Abstract: A multiplexing unit on the transmitting side estimates information amounts supplied from respective signal processing units, determines a multiplex code on the basis of respective information amounts, derives a parity of the first determined multiplex code to form a second multiplex code, adds a CRC to each of the multiplex codes to generate two headers H1 and H2, takes out information data of respective media according to the multiplex codes, incorporates the information data into a packet together with the two headers H1 and H2, and outputs the packet. If error correction of H1 is impossible on the receiving side, error correction decoding is conducted by using the header H2. If error correction of H2 is also impossible, error correction decoding is conducted collectively for H1 and H2.

Abstract: A vehicle active network (12) communicatively couples devices (14-20) within a vehicle (10). Device operation is independent of the interface (22-28) of the device (14-20) with the active network (12). Additionally, the architecture of the active network (12) provides one or more levels of communication redundancy. The architecture provides for the total integration of vehicle systems and functions, and permits plug-and-play device integration and upgradeability.

Abstract: There is disclosed an apparatus for resetting an asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) compatible system. The apparatus comprises a reset detection circuit coupled to an input port of the ATM compatible system that receives from the input port an incoming ATM bitstream. The reset detection circuit compares data in the incoming ATM bitstream to a first reset bit pattern and generates a first reset signal in response to a match between the data in the incoming ATM bitstream and the first reset bit pattern.

Abstract: An optical transceiver 1 comprises first and second pseudo-random pattern generators 23 and 28 for generating a pseudo-random pattern signal, which are placed in a transmitting side path 6 and in a receiving side path 11 of the optical transceiver 1, respectively; first and second pseudo-random pattern detectors 21 and 26 for evaluating an inputted pseudo-random pattern signal, which are placed in the transmitting side path 6 and in the receiving side path 11 of the optical transceiver 1, respectively; a first loopback path 31 that loops back from a multiplexing circuit 3 to a demultiplexing circuit 8; and a second loopback path 32 that loops back from a light-electricity converter 7 to an electricity-light converter 4.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for automated sectionalization of a DS1/DS3 data path based upon information received at a single location along the path. A test and monitor device is located at a point of demarcation between an LEC and an IEC. A Remote Module is located at a point of demarcation between the LEC and CPE. The test and monitor device is fully ANSI compatible. The information that is received is processed in a three step process in order to generate a “Sectionalizer Report”. In preparing the Sectionalizer Report, the information output from a filter is used to determine where particular Events originated.

Abstract: A network test device, comprising a base unit including at least one modular location to receive a test module, at least one test module coupled to the base unit and configured to provide access to a communication link, and a display configured to display at least two communication link parameters simultaneously allows testing and display of multiple parameters of one or more communication links simultaneously.

Abstract: Selected data (LSP1, LSP2) is monitored among other data passing through label switched paths (LSPs) of a communications network of interconnected label switching routers (LSR1-LSR4). The method comprises designating at least one of the routers (LSR3) as a monitoring station and at least one of the routers (here LSR3 also) as a probe interface station, and connecting a probe apparatus to that interface station. The monitoring station (LSR3) is configured to multicast forward the selected data for monitoring additionally to the probe apparatus via the probe interface (506). Also disclosed is a probe apparatus including means for configuring the router to perform multicast forwarding of selected data to the interface.

Abstract: A system and method for calculating a deadlock-free set of paths in a network which generates an ordered set of deadlock-free sub-topologies, referred to as “layers.”The ordered set of layers is used to determine a deadlock-free set of paths through the network. The resulting paths allow data to be efficiently routed through the network without causing traffic to be disproportionately routed through any subset of links. Each of the deadlock-free layers may be any type of deadlock-free sub-topology. The generated ordering may be any arbitrary ordering of the layers. A shortest-path route calculation is performed with the following constraint: starting at any given layer, for each node, proceed to calculate a shortest path to every other node in the graph where at any node being utilized to assess a given minimum path, the path may move to any higher-ordered layer, but may never return to a lower ordered layer. In this way, within each layer, a path moves through a tree and thus avoids deadlock.

Abstract: A system and method for optimizing route transitions for one or more switch devices. The switch devices may first be configured according to a first route group and may later be re-configured according to a second route group. Before performing the transition, the first route group and the second route group may be analyzed to determine common elements, e.g., common routes and/or common channel connections. The transition may then be optimized to avoid the redundancy of disconnecting elements in the first route group followed by re-connecting the same elements in the second route group.

Abstract: In a communication system (100), a method and an accompanying apparatus provide for acknowledging reception of a packet of data. A receiver (400) at a serving base station (101) receives a message on an acknowledgement channel (340) for indicating the reception of the packet of data at a mobile station (102), and may determine an erasure of the message. A non-serving base station (160) may also receive the message on the acknowledgement channel (340) from the mobile station (102), determines a value of the message, and communicates the value of the message to the serving base station (101). The serving base station (101) changes the erasure to the value of the message, and terminates a transmission of a remainder of data units of the packet of data to the mobile station (102) when the value of the message is a positive acknowledgment from the non-serving base station (160).

Abstract: A laminated LC filter includes inductors of a low-pass filter and an inductor of a trap circuit, which are disposed in different layers in the lamination direction of the insulator sheets. Inductor via-holes are connected to each other in the lamination direction of the insulator sheets to define columnar inductors. The inductor via-holes are electrically connected in series with coil-shaped conductor patterns to define inductors, respectively. The others of the inductor via-holes are electrically connected in series with a coil-shaped conductor pattern to define an inductor. Moreover, an inductor via-hole singly defines a columnar inductor.

Abstract: A communication system for supply information content from a base station to a mobile platform via a satellite link, wherein the base station monitors a plurality of buffers used to supply the content to insure that all of the buffers are utilized in the most efficient manner possible. If it is detected that any one or more of the buffers are being under utilized, meaning that one or more has additional capacity, then the base station will select a transmission method for the information content to be transmitted, for example, a point-to-point connection which requires additional formatting of the information content. This requires additional buffer capacity but will better ensure that the requested information content will be reliably received by the requesting mobile platform.

Abstract: A hybrid FDMA/TDMA technique with both scheduled and random access slots in the return link (tracking unit to hub) and scheduled, broadcast, and acknowledgment slots in the forward link (hub-to-tracking unit) and the associated protocol enables the use of low-energy modem signal processing, while providing advantageous features such as polling, expedited exception event reporting, terrestrial wireless local area network support, tracking unit login/logout, and beam-to-beam hand-off.

Abstract: A system for providing voice communications between an end terminal in a packet data network and a wireless communication device includes a packet communication supporting subsystem, a base station subsystem, and a Voice-over-Internet-Protocol Mobile Switching Center (“VMSC”). The packet communication supporting subsystem communicates with the packet data network and also operates to locate the wireless communication device. The base station subsystem communicates with the wireless communication device, and also communicates the packet data network through the packet communication supporting subsystem in the form of data packets. The VMSC communicates with the packet communication supporting subsystem through a packet-switched network and communicating with the base station subsystem through a circuit-switched network.

Abstract: A wireless communication system includes a number of devices to be clustered for the exchange of data and control message packets. Each node (ON, IN1 to IN5) has a unique address within the cluster and is arranged to accept only messages transmitted to it. A dynamic re-routing technique is provided whereby a message packet (M) not received by its target node is detected and re-routed via one or a succession of other nodes of the cluster until either transmission is successful or a predetermined number of failed attempts has been made. The system provides distributed control and intelligence with intermediate nodes for re-routing being selected randomly and current count values for unsuccessful transmission attempts being included within the transmitted packet.