Abstract: A PCM call processing apparatus includes an ATM processing unit for processing voice packets from an ATM switching unit of a mobile switching center, a traffic pool for processing PCM voice data, a PCM call processor interposed between the ATM processing unit and the traffic pool for performing selective transcoding operations based on data type, a network interface for connecting the traffic pool to a PSTN, and an IWU controller for controlling the ATM processing unit, the traffic pool, the PCM call processor, and the network interface.

Abstract: An intelligent switch for routing data through a network fabric in accordance with a requested quality of service (QoS), comprising: a processor; a network interface coupled to the processor and the network fabric; and means for predicting load and redistributing traffic to deliver the data at the requested QoS.

Abstract: A route caching design in a fiber channel switch for providing quick access to recently used D_ID and exit port combinations. The fiber channel switch has a plurality of ports, each are coupled to a central route look-up table. A cache is coupled to each port for storing D_ID to exit port association information received from the central route look-up table.

Abstract: Cross-bar switch includes a set of input ports for receiving data packets and a set of sink ports for transmitting the received packets to identified targets. A set of data rings couples the input ports to the sink ports. Each sink port utilizes the set of data rings to simultaneously accept multiple data packets targeted to the same destination—creating a non-blocking cross-bar switch. Sink ports are also each capable of supporting multiple targets—providing the cross-bar switch with implicit multicast capability.

Abstract: A cross-bar switch includes a set of input ports for receiving data packets and a set of sink ports for transmitting the received packets to identified targets. A set of data rings couples the input ports to the sink ports. Each sink port utilizes the set of data rings to simultaneously accept multiple data packets targeted to the same destination—creating a non-blocking cross-bar switch. Sink ports are also each capable of supporting multiple targets—providing the cross-bar switch with implicit multicast capability.

Abstract: A first communication node of a plurality of communication nodes connected with processorless central equipment in a system sends one or more first portions of node-output information to the processorless central equipment. One or more additional communication nodes of the plurality of communication nodes send one or more additional portions of node-output information to the processorless central equipment. The first communication node receives from the processorless central equipment a portion of central-output information. The portion of central-output information comprises the one or more first portions of node-output information and the one or more additional portions of node-output information.

Abstract: A system for determining a topology associated with a network such as an enterprise network. The system includes a data collection agent 204 configured to (a) identify a first set of routers from among a larger, second set of routers in an enterprise network, (b) contact each of the routers in the first set of routers but not each of the other routers in the second set of routers, and (c) load network information maintained by at least some of the contacted routers in the first set of routers. The loaded network information can then be used to form a network or routing topology of the enterprise network.

Abstract: Network-systems comprising IP-networks with nodes (label switched routers) and edge-nodes (those routers coupled to a transport-network) and a transport-network (optical network) comprising channel-switches (optical cross connects) and a management-system for managing networks in an overlay environment (where the topology of the transport.network is not known to the management-system) deal with traffic non-optimally. By providing said management-system with a converter for converting IP-traffic-signals into transport-traffic-signals thereby assuming that both IP-networks are coupled via a star-network with said transport-network corresponding to a star of said star-network, and with an optimiser for in response to said converting optimising a use of channels in said transport-network according to an algorithm, network-systems can handle traffic more optimally. Said algorithm is defined by at least several constraints and several objectives.

Abstract: A simultaneous bi-directional data transferring method includes obtaining a combined signal from a portion of a data line proximate a host device. The combined signal is a signal that combines input and output signals that are being transmitted over the data line. The output signal is a signal transmitted by the host device, and the input signal is a signal transmitted by a remote device. The combined signal is provided to first and second receivers of the host device. A first fixed reference voltage is inputted to the first receiver, and a second fixed reference voltage is inputted to the second receiver. The first and second fixed reference voltages are independent of values of the output signal. A first output receiver signal is outputted from the first receiver using the first fixed reference voltage and the combined signal, and a second output signal is outputted from the second receiver using the second fixed reference voltage and the combined signal.

Abstract: The object of the invention is to create a router which has an enhanced processing speed. According to the invention, before access through a readout unit, the pointers for information packets stored in the buffer memory are arranged as required. If an overflow is imminent in a buffer memory area, for example, then individual pointers are selected and removed from the buffer memory area. The selected pointers are shifted into an additional buffer memory area, for example. This additional buffer memory area is then preferentially read out, so that the selected pointers are read out before the pointers in the buffer memory area. The criterion for the selection of a pointer is, for example, an expired reactivation time or a buffer memory area that is filled above a threshold value.

Abstract: A vehicle active network (12) communicatively couples devices (14-20) within a vehicle (10). Device operation is independent of the interface (22-28) of the device (14-20) with the active network (12). Additionally, the architecture of the active network (12) provides one or more levels of communication redundancy. The architecture provides for the total integration of vehicle systems and functions, and permits plug-and-play device integration and upgradeability.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for receiving data having an address at a network switch having at least one protocol processor, and hashing at least part of the address to obtain an identifier of a protocol processor in the switch. Source address preservation may be used so that data transfers between server and client may be distributed to the same protocol processor in a switch or web appliance by hashing the same address regardless of which header field the address resides in.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an optical communications method, a network node device and a transmission/reception device for use in an optical communications network, and also to an optical communications network having at least a first and a second transmission/reception device which are respectively connected to one of a number of network node devices in an optical transport network via which data can be interchanged between the first and the second transmission/reception device using optical signals, and having a central registration device for centrally storing data relating to the registration of the first and second transmission/reception devices within the optical communications network, wherein at least some of the registration data associated with a transmission/reception device are managed by that network node device to which the respective transmission/reception device is connected.

Abstract: The invention is directed towards routing method and apparatus. Some embodiments provide a routing method that uses diagonal routes. This method routes several nets within a region of a circuit layout. Each net includes a set of pins in the region. The method initially partitions the region into several sub-regions. For each particular net in the region, the method then identifies a route that connects the sub-regions that contains a pin from the set of pins of the particular net. Some of the identified routes have edges that are at least partially diagonal.

Abstract: A novel scalable-port non-blocking shared-memory output-buffered variable length queued data switching method and apparatus.

Abstract: A cross-bar switch includes a set of input ports for receiving data packets and a set of sink ports for transmitting the received packets to identified targets. A set of data rings couples the input ports to the sink ports. Each sink port utilizes the set of data rings to simultaneously accept multiple data packets targeted to the same destination—creating a non-blocking cross-bar switch. Sink ports are also each capable of supporting multiple targets—providing the cross-bar switch with implicit multicast capability.

Abstract: A system is provided for processing requests for service from a plurality of modules, the system including a processor arranged to process the requests a FIFO queue means providing a FIFO queue for storing the identities of the modules, and control means for placing in the FIFO queue the identities of modules requiring service by the processor. When the processor is ready to service another module the processor reads the identity of the module at the head of the FIFO queue, and services that module.

Abstract: The object of the invention is to create a router which facilitates a simplified load balancing. The router according to the invention contains at least one buffer memory for the intermediate storage of pointers for information packets in at least two different buffer memory areas, a readout unit for reading out the different buffer memory areas one after the other in predetermined time windows, as well as at least one RED processing unit, and is characterised in that a feedback is provided from the readout unit to at least one RED processing unit, in order to control the activation and de-activation of the RED processing unit. According to the invention, indirect information about the occupancy levels of the buffer memory areas is passed via the feedback loop to the at least one RED processing unit. Advantageously, the readout unit operates with the weighted round robin mechanism and transmits information about buffer memory locations processed in the time slots to the at least one RED processing unit.

Abstract: A system for balancing outbound dialing rate with agent utilization in a telephony call center, minimizing wait time for answered outdialed calls has a call number generating module for generating numbers to be automatically dialed, a dialing unit for dialing numbers generated, a queue for queing answered calls, and a stat module for monitoring performance and generating a call generation rate. The system uses an analytical method in one embodiment for determining the call generation rate, wherein the method uses one or more of distribution function of system processes, numerical methods, solving of non-linear equations, or probability techniques.

Abstract: A system is provided for transferring data from a first network, which is packet based, to a second network. The system includes a physical layer input device, an input FIFO, a DMA controller for transferring data between addresses, an output FIFO, and a physical layer output device. The physical layer input device places beginning and end markers around packets in the input FIFO, and the DMA controller monitors the data which it transfers, and transfers data between said beginning and end markers, and ceases a transfer when an end of packet marker is reached.

Abstract: A central route table design in a fiber channel switch for providing one location for D_ID and exit port combinations. The fiber channel switch has a plurality of ports, each are coupled to the central route look-up table.

Abstract: A cross-bar switch includes a set of input ports for receiving data packets and a set of sink ports for transmitting the received packets to identified targets. A set of data rings couples the input ports to the sink ports. Each sink port utilizes the set of data rings to simultaneously accept multiple data packets targeted to the same destination—creating a non-blocking cross-bar switch. Sink ports are also each capable of supporting multiple targets—providing the cross-bar switch with implicit multicast capability.

Abstract: A cross-bar switch includes a set of input ports for receiving data packets and a set of sink ports for transmitting the received packets to identified targets. A set of data rings couples the input ports to the sink ports. Each sink port utilizes the set of data rings to simultaneously accept multiple data packets targeted to the same destination—creating a non-blocking cross-bar switch. Sink ports are also each capable of supporting multiple targets—providing the cross-bar switch with implicit multicast capability.

Abstract: In order to perform functional packet copying to read a large amount of data of an unspecified length from a memory at high speed and to prevent the packet copying operation from affecting other packet flow, a self-synchronous transfer control circuit having a function of controlling transfer operation is used, by which the number of packet copies output from a data holding register is managed by a counter, and the number of copies represented by the copy request packet and the counter count value are compared by a comparator, to determine completion of the packet copying operation.

Abstract: A transmission method and a transmission device are provided according to the present invention. In the method and device, a packet frame of a user is converted into a synchronous frame, and the synchronous frame is transmitted through a time division multiplex network. A time-division multiplex transmission band is allocated to the user according to a channel band of the packet frame of the user.

Abstract: A method is provided of scheduling data packets for transmission from a first terminal (2,UE) to a second terminal (UE,2) over a channel shared with other terminals comprising monitoring a time interval from accepting a packet for transmission and scheduling the packet for transmission. If the transmission is unsuccessful, the packet is scheduled for retransmission within a predetermined time. The predetermined time is selected dependent upon the time interval.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to the provision of a packet transmission apparatus and, more particularly, to a packet transmission apparatus achieving high-speed processing capability and enhanced relay quality for multicast packets. The packet transmission apparatus comprises: a non-copy packet arbiter which selects one of the non-copy packets by a prescribed algorithm, and requests transmission of the selected non-copy packet; a copy packet arbiter which selects one of the copy packets by a prescribed algorithm, and requests transmission of the selected copy packet; and a final arbiter which selects either one of the transmit requests, the transmit request from the non-copy packet arbiter or the transmit request from the copy packet arbiter, by a prescribed algorithm, and requests transmission of the selected packet, and wherein: the packet transmission apparatus transmits the packet requested by the final arbiter for transmission.

Abstract: A method of telecommunication network switch port polling enables very highly channelized ports to be polled. A polling engine reads information from at least one of a plurality of poll registers, and each of the plurality of poll registers is associated with a unique identifier. Depending on the information read from the at least one poll register, the polling engine reads a channel number representing the channel to be polled from a location in channel memory. The polling engine determines the location from the unique identifier associated with the at least one poll register from which the information is read. The polling engine polls channel represented by the read channel number.

Abstract: The present invention guarantees that voice data (and other information types) will switch within a predetermined time period. Systems and methods consistent with the present invention accomplish this guarantee by, among other things, establishing permanent virtual paths between each network element, guaranteeing each voice line a slot in a packet in each frame, employing both octet switching and packet switching, synchronizing the operation of the network elements to a reference clock, and providing several levels of network redundancy.

Abstract: A method and mechanism for arbitrating and transmitting data. A first transaction and a second transaction are detected. The first transaction is targeted to a first domain and the second transaction is targeted to a second domain different than the first domain. Subsequent to receiving the transactions, arbitration domains corresponding to each are determined. In response to detecting the arbitration domains are not equal, the first and second transaction may be transmitted concurrently. However, if the arbitration domains are determined to be equal, arbitration is performed and transmission of the first and second transactions is serialized. Also contemplated is generating masks corresponding to each of the received transactions. The masks which are generated include an indication of the target domain of the corresponding transaction. When the transaction is conveyed to a port for transmittal, its mask is conveyed as well.

Abstract: An improved data communication network including a wireless link for accessing, from an end user machine, objects in a selected web page retrievable from an Internet server by means of suitable request messages is described. The wireless link includes a subscriber unit coupled to the end user machine and a base station coupled to the server. Web page data packets retrieved from the server with the use of the request messages are intercepted and locally stored in a gateway unit on the base station side of the wireless link. The gateway unit generates, from the retrieved web page data packets, additional request messages suitable for retrieving, from the server, object data packets corresponding to the objects on the selected web page. Such retrieved object data packets are also stored in the gateway unit.

Abstract: A home appliance data transfer system and a method for controlling the same, wherein a Java phone is connected to a home appliance via their serial ports to transmit and receive data to/from the home appliance. Control data that a user desires to input to the home appliance can be transferred to the appliance under the condition that no IP address is set in the appliance. A Java application of the Java phone supports a transfer application which converts data according to a data transfer standard of the Java phone and home appliance. Therefore, the home appliance and Java phone can transmit and receive data without collision and the user can conveniently input data to the home appliance.

Abstract: A communication method for equitably distributing access to a shared broadband signal having a defined bandwidth to ensure that each user accessing the system receives at least a predetermined minimum bandwidth connection. The method uses a server system that includes at least one server and a plurality of client systems connected to at least one server. A respective user utilizes each client system. The method includes controlling user access to the shared broadband signal, monitoring an amount of the signal bandwidth used by each user, and controlling an amount of the signal bandwidth available to each user based on a total usage of the bandwidth.

Abstract: There is disclosed an apparatus for implementing special mode playback operations in a digital video recorder. The apparatus comprises an Intra frame indexing device capable of receiving an incoming MPEG video stream and identifying therein data packets associated with Intra frames, wherein the Intra frame indexing device modifies header information in a first data packet associated with a first Intra frame to include location information identifying a storage address of a second data packet associated with a second Intra frame.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for packet processing is disclosed. In one embodiment of the invention the method and apparatus is implemented in plurality of pipeline stages, each stage or group of stages being configured to a particular processing operation. Each stage may operate simultaneously, if data is available, and independently. Common data or control words are shared between the various stages of the pipeline to provide control an supplemental data to each processing stage in the pipeline. In one embodiment the processing pipeline includes one or more dynamic stages and one or more static stages. The dynamic stages are configured to modify, remove, or supplement portions of the packet as the packet or portion thereof passes through the pipeline with the aid of a more flexible control structure. The static stages are configured to modify, remove, or supplement portions of the packet as the packet or portion thereof passes through the pipeline with the aid of a hardwired system.

Abstract: A UTOPIA (Universal test and operations PHY interface for ATM) interface control device for connecting an Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) layer function to a physical (PHY) layer function at UTOPIA level 2 is provided. The device comprises N groups of 32 PHY layer functions disposed according to a number of UTOPIA addresses, a unit connected between the ATM layer function and the N groups of 32 PHY layer functions, for allowing the ATM layer function to simultaneously deliver a UTOPIA address to the N groups of 32 PHY layer functions, a unit connected between the ATM layer function and each of the N groups of PHY layer functions, for allowing each of the N groups of 32 PHY layer functions to deliver a cell available signal to the ATM layer function, and a unit connected between the ATM layer function and each of the N groups of 32 PHY layer functions, for allowing the ATM layer function to deliver an enable signal to each of the N groups of 32 PHY layer functions.

Abstract: When transmitting live information data, a reproduction start waiting time associated with reproduction of the live information data on the receiving side can be reduced. Encoded data is divided in sequence into a plurality of data segments each having a predetermined time length. In this case, the time length of each data segment is increased in sequence for each data segment until a predetermined time length is reached and is fixed to the predetermined time length after the predetermined time length is reached. The plurality of data segments which are formed in a divided manner are converted into a plurality of segmented packet data or a plurality of continuous packet data, and the data is transmitted through individual data transmission channels, thus performing multiple-channel parallel transmission.

Abstract: A transmit virtual concatenation processor for multiplexing channelized data onto a SONET/SDH frame is disclosed. The processor is scalable and is able to handle mapping a number of data channels to a number of different frame sizes including STS-12, STS-48, STS-192 and STS-768. The processor supports virtual concatenation with arbitrary channel mapping at both STS-1 and STS-3c granularities. The processor also supports contiguous concatenation with STS-12c, STS-24c, STS-48c, STS-192c, etc. capacities (i.e., STS-Nc where N is a multiple of 3). In addition, the processor supports mixed concatenation where some channels are using contiguous concatenation and some other channels are using STS-3c-Xv virtual concatenation. Alternatively, the processor is able to support any virtual concatenation, any contiguous concatenation and any mixed concatenation.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for verifying data integrity. A compression parameter, such as the average code length of compressed data, is obtained. The parameter is transmitted to a recipient of the data to permit the recipient to again determine the parameter and compare the value of the parameter to the originally determined value. If the value of the parameter has changed, the data may have been modified or otherwise manipulated.

Abstract: Methods, systems and computer program products are provided for determining if a packet has a spoofed source Internet Protocol (IP) address. A source media access control (MAC) address of the packet and the source IP address are evaluated to determine if the source IP address of the packet has been bound to the source MAC address at a source device of the packet. The packet is determined to have a spoofed source IP address if the evaluation indicates that the source IP address is not bound to the source MAC address. Such an evaluation may be made for packets having a subnet of the source IP address which matches a subnet from which the packet originated.

Abstract: A data multiplexing apparatus, method, and system, generates scheduled data for instructing the reading and multiplexing of clips, sequentially reads from a storage unit, transport stream packets based on clips corresponding to the scheduled data, and uses a multiplexer to time-divisionally multiplex the transport stream packets read from the storage unit, which correspond to a plurality of channels, without separating them into data for the respective channels. Accordingly, a load on a host PC is reduced, and a system structure can be simplified.

Abstract: It is intended to retard transmission delay in a communication network. Thus, in a network system adapted so that communication channels for transmitting data inputted to a node device are selected in predetermined order, the timing of changing the communication channel is controlled among a plurality of node devices.

Abstract: Circuitry, embodied in a media subsystem (10A), reproduces a speech or other type of audio signal, and is operable when playing back audio data for reducing synchronization delay. A method operates by, when a frame containing audio data is sent to a decoder (20), measuring the synchronization delay; determining by how much the synchronization delay should be adjusted; and adjusting the synchronization delay in a content-aware manner by adding or removing one or more audio samples in a selected current frame or in a selected subsequent frame so as not to significantly degrade the quality of the played back audio data. When the synchronization delay is adjusted by more than one audio sample, the adjustment can be made by all of the determined audio samples in one adjustment, or the adjustment is made by less than all of the determined audio samples by a plurality of adjustments. The step of adjusting selects, if possible, an unvoiced frame and discriminates against a transient frame.

Abstract: A remote station creates a transfer frame with one synchronous bit string added to at least one or more client frames and sends this transfer frame to a base station, when multiplexing the client frame received from a client system through an optical fiber and transferring the same to the base station.

Abstract: In a device for processing data signals, a storing part stores an input signal and the data signals included in the input signal are extracted from the storing part and the data signals are output at a desired output speed. Then, the data signal is output based on storage information of the input signal.

Abstract: A variable length code multiplexer multiplexes a plurality of input codes (102) including a variable length code into a multiplexed code (121) and outputs the multiplexed code (121). The multiplexer includes a forward direction multiplexing unit (22) for multiplexing the plurality of input codes (102) one by one so that they are running in a forward direction from a head of the multiplexed code (121) to a tail of the multiplexed code (121), a backward direction multiplexing unit (23) for multiplexing the plurality of input codes (102) one by one so that they are running in a backward direction from the tail of the multiplexed code (121) to the head of the multiplexed code (121), and a selection unit (25) for selecting either the forward direction multiplexing unit (22) or the backward direction multiplexing unit (23) for each of the plurality of input codes (102).

Abstract: A communication apparatus for interfacing various types of signals with different bit-rates is provided. The communication apparatus includes a receiving part receiving input signals, generating frames of a predetermined common format containing control information of the input signals and determining whether the frames are valid and a control part receiving the frames from the receiving part and performing a predetermined internal process based on the result of the determination.

Abstract: A data transmission apparatus using a virtual concatenated path in an SDH transmission system is capable of engaging one or more extra paths by an automated sequence execution to meet a traffic requirement that is higher than usual but up to a maximum speed of a user who is usually assigned virtual concatenated paths in a number smaller than capable of transmitting the maximum traffic.

Abstract: A system and method for precisely controlling the wavelength of short wavelength optical signals being communicated via a fiber optic link in an optical system. The system comprising a configuration of optical filter elements each having a peaked passband function capable of passing short wavelength optical signals, the optical filter elements being in a nested configuration with a first optical filter element having a peaked passband function capable of passing short wavelength optical signals within a first range of wavelengths for input to a next successive optical filter stage; each successive optical filter stage of the nested configuration capable of passing wavelengths within successively narrower wavelength ranges within the first range of wavelengths.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for generating optical pulses using an active mode-locking laser that includes a first modulation device, an optical selection device, a second modulation device and an amplification device. The method includes the steps of using the first modulation device to modulate a lightwave, selecting a modulation lightwave signal having a high frequency component by passing a lightwave through the optical selection device in a first direction, using the second modulation device to modulate a lightwave, selecting a modulation lightwave signal having a high frequency component by passing a lightwave through the optical selection device in a second direction, amplifying the lightwave selected by the above step, and supplying the amplified lightwave to the first modulation device.