Abstract: Disclosed is a process for preparing phenol-formaldehyde thermoset resin that can contain up to 80% by weight a black liquor, preferably a sodium carbonate black liquor. Black liquor are by-products extracted from pulping process, which normally contain lignosulfonates, kraft lignin or sodium carbonate lignin as well as salts, depending on the process that is used. The use of such a black liquor permits to obtain a stable copolymerized phenol-formaldehyde thermoset resin. In the process, the black liquor is first mixed with phenol in the pressure of a base. Then, formaldehyde is added together with a base in two successive steps. The obtained thermoset resin has bonding properties that meet or exceed the CSA and ASTM requirements for the engineered forest products, such as wafer boards or oriented strand boards at pressing cycles of 16 mm per second or less.

Abstract: Organopolysiloxanes bearing quaternary ammonium groups and containing units of the general formula

Abstract: Polymers made from triazine derivatives for intermediates and molded materials with improved toughness and high flame resistance and strength consisting of

Abstract: A method for increasing an adhesive to a substrate is disclosed which utilizes a hydrophilic, high molecular weight, nonionic polyurethane adhesive. The polyurethane adhesive is soluble in water and a 1% by weight solution of the adhesive in water at 20% has a specific viscosity of at least 0.4.

Abstract: The present invention provides a polyimide resin, a resin composition, an adhesive solution, a film-state joining component, and an adhesive laminate film soluble in a solvent having excellent heat resistance and adhesion, capable of bonding and curing at relatively low temperatures.

Abstract: Polyimides displaying low color in thin films, atomic oxygen resistance, vacuum ultraviolet radiation resistance, solubility in organic solvents in the imide form, high glass transistion (Tg) temperatures, and high thermal stability are provided. The poly(amide acid)s, copoly(amide acid)s, polyimides and copolyimides are prepared by the reaction of stoichiometric ratios of an aromatic dianhydride with diamines which contain phenylphosphine oxide groups in polar aprotic solvents.

Abstract: An apparatus for continuously producing polybutylene terephthalate, which comprises a first reactor for reacting an aromatic dicarboxylic acid with a glycol, thereby producing an oligomer, a second reactor for polycondensating the oligomer, thereby preparing a low polymerization product, and a third reactor for further polycondensating the low polymerization product, thereby producing a high molecular weight polyester, where the second reactor is a vertical, cylindrical polymerization vessel having a plurality of concentrical partitioned reaction compartments therein, each of the reaction compartments being provided with stirring blades and a heater, and an outlet for volatile matters being provided at the upper part of the vessel. The second reactor contributes to efficient and continuous production of polybutylene terephthalate having a good quality.

Abstract: A composition that can be used as catalyst is disclosed. The composition comprises, or is produced by combining, (A) a titanium compound; (B) either (i) a complexing agent, (ii) a combination of a complexing agent, hypophosphorous acid or a salt thereof, and optionally a solvent, a zirconium compound, or both, (iii) combinations thereof; (C) a phosphorus compound; and optionally a solvent. Also disclosed is a process that can be used for producing a polyester. The process comprises contacting, in the presence of an esterification or transesterification or polycondensation catalyst composition and a phosphorus compound, a carbonyl compound and an alcohol under a condition suitable for esterification, transesterification, or polymerization. Further disclosed is a process to make polyester with reduced insoluble particles or solids using a phosphorus compound other than the commonly used phosphoric acid.

Abstract: A novel polymerization catalyst for polyesters, which does not contain any germanium or antimony compound as the main component; polyesters produced with the catalyst; and a process for producing polyesters. This polymerization catalyst is excellent in catalytic activity, little causes thermal degradation of polyesters in melt molding even when neither deactivated nor removed, and can give thermally stable polyesters which little generate foreign matter and are excellent in transparency and color. The polymerization catalyst is one which contains as the first metal-containing component at least one member selected from the group consisting of aluminum and aluminum compounds and which gives polyethylene terephthalate (PET) having a thermal stability parameter (TS) satisfying the relationship: (1) TS<0.

Abstract: A polyamine having the formula:

Abstract: Disclosed is a polymeric material obtained by melt-kneading, using a kneading apparatus, a resin composition containing an organic polymer having no metal alkoxy group and a metal alkoxide compound. The organic-inorganic hybrid polymeric material, a polymeric material containing this component, and a molded products obtained therefrom are suitable for high-performance and high-function plastic applications. Simple and practical processes for producing them at high productivity and at low cast are also disclosed.

Abstract: This invention relates to immunogenic, non-naturally occurring peptides and immunologically reactive molecules thereto which modulate the activity of hormones or the receptors therefor. Methods of modulating hormonal activity in an animal and compositions therefor are also contemplated.

Abstract: A process isolates and recovers glycoprotein fractions in dry or solution form. Glycoproteins are recovered from deproteinized whey, preferably micro-filtered to remove large molecules and aggregates. The resulting retentate is then diluted for further processing. The resulting liquid is heated to coagulate whey protein and then cooled sufficiently to precipitate coagulated whey protein. The preparation can then be completed by centrifuging the resulting cooled solution and separating resulting supernatant containing glycoproteins from fat and precipitate. The product glycoprotein concentrate can be dried, such as by freeze drying, or recovered and stored in liquid form. In a preferred aspect, saline is employed to dilute the microfiltered concentrate prior to heating to improve the recovery of a liquid glycoprotein fraction that can be sterilized, such as by autoclaving.

Abstract: The present invention relates to crystalline and crystal-like forms of lipopeptides, including daptomycin, a lipopeptide antibiotic with potent bactericidal activity against gram-positive bacteria, including strains that are resistant to conventional antibiotics. The present invention relates to methods of purifying lipopeptides, including daptomycin, a lipopeptide antibiotic with potent bactericidal activity against gram-positive bacteria, including strains that are resistant to conventional antibiotics. The present invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising the purified form of the lipopeptide and methods of using these compositions.

Abstract: This invention relates to compositions which are useful for inhibiting and potentiating the activity of cellular calcineurin. These compositions include linear peptides, cyclic peptides, peptide analogs, peptidomimetics, combinatorial chemicals, and whole proteins. The compositions can be used to treat calcineurin- and adapt78-related pathologies such as cardiac, brain, immune system and developmental abnormalities; to protect human cells and tissues against stress damage based on the cytoprotective activity of adapt78; and to modulate cell growth based on the growth-altering activity of adapt78. Transgenic animals overexpressing the human adapt78 transgene are also disclosed, e.g., for developing therapeutic treatments against adapt78- and calcineurin-related pathologies and abnormalities such as cardiac hypertrophy, memory loss, immune system dysfunction, developmental disabilities.

Abstract: The present invention provides peptide compounds which bind to the androgen receptor. In preferred embodiments, the peptide compounds of the invention inhibit binding of the androgen receptor DNA binding domain to DNA, in particular, the androgen responsive elements. These compounds are useful for the treatment of androgen-associated disorders including, for example, prostate cancer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to antibodies with sub-nanomolar affinity specific for a characteristic epitope of the ED-B domain of fibronectin, a marker of angiogenesis. Furthermore, it relates to the use of radiolabeled high affinity anti ED-B antibodies for detecting new-forming blood vessels in vivo and a diagnostic kit comprising comprising said antibody. Furthermore, it relates to conjugates comprising said antibodies and a suitable photoactive molecules (e.g. a judiciously chosen photosensitizer), and their use for the selective light-mediated occlusion of new blood vessels.

Abstract: Described is a novel family of cell surface serpentine transmembrane antigens. Two of the proteins in this family are exclusively or predominantly expressed in the prostate, as well as in prostate cancer, and thus members of this family have been termed “STRAP” (Serpentine TRansmembrane Antigens of the Prostate). Four particular human STRAPs are described and characterized herein. The human STRAPs exhibit a high degree of structural conservation among them but show no significant structural homology to any known human proteins. The prototype member of the STRAP family, STRAP-1, appears to be a type IIIa membrane protein expressed predominantly in prostate cells in normal human tissues. Structurally, STRAP-1 is a 339 amino acid protein characterized by a molecular topology of six transmembrane domains and intracellular N- and C-termini, suggesting that it folds in a “serpentine” manner into three extracellular and two intracellular loops.

Abstract: DNA encoding H14 polypeptides and methods for using the encoded polypeptides are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to novel polypeptides and to nucleic acid molecules encoding those polypeptides. Also provided herein are vectors and host cells comprising those nucleic acid sequences, chimeric polypeptide molecules comprising the polypeptides of the present invention fused to heterologous polypeptide sequences, antibodies which bind to the polypeptides of the present invention and to methods for producing the polypeptides of the present invention.

Abstract: The invention provides isolated nucleic acid and amino acid sequences of novel receptors, antibodies to such receptors, methods of detecting such nucleic acids and receptors, and methods of screening for modulators of the receptors.

Abstract: The present invention provides hypoxia inducible factor alpha muteins, DNA sequences encoding these hypoxia inducible factor alpha muteins, recombinant DNA molecules containing those DNA sequences operatively linked to expression control sequences and capable of inducing expression of an hypoxia inducible factor alpha muteins, hosts transformed with those recombinant DNA molecules, pharmaceutical compositions containing hypoxia inducible factor alpha muteins and methods of using those compositions to treat hypoxia and ischemic related tissue damage.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to novel polypeptides and to nucleic acid molecules encoding those polypeptides. Also provided herein are vectors and host cells comprising those nucleic acid sequences, chimeric polypeptide molecules comprising the polypeptides of the present invention fused to heterologous polypeptide sequences, antibodies which bind to the polypeptides of the present invention and to methods for producing the polypeptides of the present invention.

Abstract: The invention is directed to an isolated genomic polynucleotide sequence encoding interleukin-four induced protein as well as methods for obtaining said protein by expressing said polynucleotide sequences. The invention is also directed to constructs, vectors and hosts comprising such sequences, and oligonucleotide probes which hybridize to said polynucleotide sequences and kits comprising said probes. Additionally, the invention is directed to compositions comprising said polynucleotides and methods for using said compositions to treat, prevent or ameliorate pathological disorders, e.g., immune related disorders and novel methods of using the interleukin-four induced protein. The invention is also directed to methods for obtaining an antibody that binds to an epitope on said protein. The invention is further directed to a method for measuring the activity of said protein by measuring its L-amino acid oxidase activity.

Abstract: A process to obtain a highly soluble, low viscosity, salt tolerant gelling vegetable protein product. When introduced into a suitable meat injection brine, the protein product is capable of forming a firm sliceable meat piece with high water retention and no visible signs of the injected brine. When included in gel-based food products such as meat analog formulas, the protein product is capable of forming the desired gel structure, such as firm, sliceable meat-like pieces.

Abstract: The present invention provides fibrin nanoparticles having a mean diameter of 200-2000 nm. The present invention provides also methods for preparing fibrin particles of various sizes, including fibrin nanoparticles and fibrin microbeads. The present invention further provides compositions comprising fibrin particles and an agent, wherein the agent is coupled to the amine or carboxy moieties on the surface of the fibrin particles. In addition the present invention provides a composition comprising fibrin nanoparticles and an agent, wherein the agent is admixed with the fibrin nanoparticles. Still further, the present invention provides a method for introducing an agent into a cell, a method for isolating stem and/or progenitor cells from a biological sample, as well as a composition comprising fibrin particles bound to stem and/or progenitor cells.

Abstract: A reshaped human anti-HM 1.

Abstract: A purified chitin has a total content of fatty acids and salts thereof not higher than 0.2 wt. % in terms of fatty acids. The purified chitin can be produced by washing a chitin with at least one solvent selected from the group consisting of organic solvent and water-containing organic solvents such that a total content of fatty acids and salts thereof is lowered at least to 0.2 wt. % in terms of fatty acids.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to novel polypeptides and to nucleic acid molecules encoding those polypeptides. Also provided herein are vectors and host cells comprising those nucleic acid sequences, chimeric polypeptide molecules comprising the polypeptides of the present invention fused to heterologous polypeptide sequences, antibodies which bind to the polypeptides of the present invention and to methods for producing the polypeptides of the present invention.

Abstract: Disclosed are compositions and methods for sensitive detection of one or multiple analytes. In general, the methods involve the use of special label components, referred to as reporter signals, that can be associated with, incorporated into, or otherwise linked to the analytes. In some embodiments, the reporter signals can be altered such that the altered forms of different reporter signals can be distinguished from each other. In some embodiments, sets of reporter signals can be used where two or more of the reporter signals in a set have one or more common properties that allow the reporter signals having the common property to be distinguished and/or separated from other molecules lacking the common property.

Abstract: A hairpin ribozyme activated by changes in stem-and-loop three-dimensional structure due to hybridization with an oligonucleotide. Presence or absence of a target nucleotide sequence in a sample can be detected and ribozyme activity can be regulated.

Abstract: The present invention provides Orphanin FQ receptor nucleic acid sequences. Specifically, the present invention provides nucleic acid sequences of differentially expressed splice variants of the Orphanin FQ receptor. The present invention also provides methods of using the Orphanin FQ receptor nucleic acid sequences for the identification of pharmaceutical agents and the generation of animal models of Orphanin FQ receptor-mediated disease states. The present invention thus provides improved method of screening potential therapeutics useful in the treatment of a variety of disease states mediated by Orphanin FQ signaling.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to hyphal growth in fungi and in particular describes the modulation of genes associated with hyphal growth in filamentous fungi. The present invention provides methods and systems for the production of proteins and/or chemicals from filamentous fungi which comprise modulation of genes associated with hyphal growth. Specifically, the present invention is directed to a full length cotA gene, its gene product and methods of use.

Abstract: Synthetic processes are provided wherein mixed backbone oligomeric compounds are prepared having at least one phosphodiester internucleoside linkage in addition to one or more phosphorothioate, phosphoramidate and boranophosphate internucleoside linkages. Novel H-phosphonate intermediates are also disclosed that are useful in the synthetic processes. The synthetic processes use a novel oxidation step to oxidize H-phosphonate internucleoside linkages to phosphodiester internucleoside linkages without degradation of adjacent phosphorothioate, phosphoramidate and boranophosphate internucleoside linkages. Also provided are synthetic intermediates useful in such processes.

Abstract: Four splice variants of a membrane receptor for steroids and sterols and their use are described.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to novel polypeptides and to nucleic acid molecules encoding those polypeptides. Also provided herein are vectors and host cells comprising those nucleic acid sequences, chimeric polypeptide molecules comprising the polypeptides of the present invention fused to heterologous polypeptide sequences, antibodies which bind to the polypeptides of the present invention and to methods for producing the polypeptides of the present invention.

Abstract: The invention includes polynucleotide constructs that contain a polynucleotide promoter sequence from the phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (pgk1) gene from Rhizopus oryzae. The invention also includes methods of expressing a polypeptide in a host cell using a polynucleotide construct containing a 3-phosphoglycerate kinase (pgk) gene promoter sequence operably linked to a polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide of interest. The invention also includes a system for producing a polypeptide. The system has a first polynucleotide sequence containing a 3-phosphoglycerate kinase gene promoter sequence isolated from a fungal species, and a second polynucleotide sequence which has been isolated from a second species and which encodes a polypeptide. A host cell contains the first polynucleotide sequence operably linked to the second polynucleotide sequence. The host cell is from a different species than the fungal species from which the first polynucleotide sequence is isolated.

Abstract: Chlamydia spp. are strictly intracellular pathogens that grow inside a vacuole, called an inclusion. They possess genes encoding proteins homologous to components of type III secretion machineries which, in other bacterial pathogens, are involved in delivery of bacterial proteins within or through the membrane of eukaryotic host cells. Inc proteins are chlamydial proteins that are associated with the membrane of the inclusion and are characterized by the presence of a large hydrophobic domain in their amino acid sequence. To investigate whether some Chlamydia proteins, especially Inc proteins and other proteins exhibiting a similar hydropathic profile, might be secreted, the inventors used an heterologous secretion system, namely a type III system. Chimeras were constructed by fusing the N-terminal part of these proteins with a reporter, the Cya protein of Bordetella pertussis, and expressed in various strains of Shigella flexneri.

Abstract: Novel structural forms of T cell costimulatory molecules are described. These structural forms comprise a novel structural domain or have a structural domain deleted or added. The structural forms correspond to naturally-occurring alternatively spliced forms of T cell costimulatory molecules or variants thereof which can be produced by standard recombinant DNA techniques. In one embodiment, the T cell costimulatory molecule of the invention contains a novel cytoplasmic domain. In another embodiment, the T cell costimulatory molecule of the invention contains a novel signal peptide domain or has an immunoglobulin variable region-like domain deleted. The novel structural forms of T cell costimulatory molecules can be used to identify agents which stimulate the expression of alternative forms of costimulatory molecules and to identify components of the signal transduction pathway which results in costimulation of T cells.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to the field of human genetics. Specifically, the present invention relates to methods and materials used to isolate and detect a human prostate cancer predisposing gene (HPC2), some alleles of which cause susceptibility to cancer, in particular prostate cancer. More specifically, the present invention relates to germline mutations in the HPC2 gene and their use in the diagnosis of predisposition to prostate cancer. The invention also relates to presymptomatic therapy of individuals who carry deleterious alleles of the HPC2 gene. The invention further relates to somatic mutations in the HPC2 gene in human prostate cancer and their use in the diagnosis and prognosis of human prostate cancer. Additionally, the invention relates to somatic mutations in the HPC2 gene in other human cancers and their use in the diagnosis and prognosis of human cancers.

Abstract: Therapeutic oligonucleotide analogues which have improved nuclease resistance and improved cellular uptake are provided. Replacement of the normal phosphorodiester inter-sugar linkages found in natural oligomers with four atom linking groups forms unique di- and poly-nucleosides and nucleotides useful in regulating RNA expression and in therapeutics. Methods of synthesis and use are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention concerns a novel method for preparing by chemical process functionalised &bgr;-(1,3)-glucan derivatives, enabling to obtain free oligosaccharides or comprising specific groups such as, for instance, sulphate, phosphate, methyl, in predetermined positions. Said method consists in reacting a glycosyl donor of formula (Ia) or (Ib) with a glycosyl scavenger of formula (II), as defined in the claims. The invention is useful for preparing biologically active principles for use in the agricultural, cosmetic or pharmaceutical field.

Abstract: The present invention provides a polymer derived from a cellulosic, lignocellulosic, or polysaccharide material having superabsorbent properties. Methods for making the polymer and personal care absorbent products that incorporated the polymer are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for depolymerizing galactomannan and derivatives thereof. The present invention relates to compositions comprising galactomannan and derivatives thereof prepared according to the methods of this invention and uses for the compositions. The present invention also relates to compositions comprising hydroxypropylgalactomannan having a specific polydispersity index, weight average molecular weight and viscosity in solution.

Abstract: Crystalline forms of [2R-[2&agr;(R*),3&bgr;(R*)]]-3-(1-hydroxyethyl)-&ggr;-methyl-&bgr;,4-dioxo-2-azetidinebutanoic acid(4-nitrophenyl)methyl ester and crystalline form of (&ggr; R,2R,3S)-&agr;-diazo-3-[(1R)-1-hydroxyethyl]-&ggr;-methyl-&bgr;,4-dioxo-2-azetidinebutanoic acid (4-nitrophenyl)methyl ester are disclosed.

Abstract: The invention provides novel polyketide compounds having desired bioactivity, including neuroregenerative activity without immunosuppressive activity, and methods of making and using these compounds.

Abstract: This invention relates to compounds of formula (I) 1

Abstract: The present invention relates to new substituted aryl and heteroaryl derivatives of general formula 1

Abstract: The invention relates to the preparation and use as catalysts of diphosphines of the formula (I) 1

Abstract: A photochromic compound suitable for use as a single substance for photochromic tinting of a transparent plastic article so that the tinted article has a neutral gray or brown color in the excited state, is made by fusing at least two non-identical photochromic sections to an aromatic structure. The photochromic sections are selected so that the different absorption wavelengths of the excited photochromic sections give rise to a neutral gray or brown color in the plastic material and are selected from the group consisting of oxazines and pyrans. At least one of the photochromic sections is not an indolino spiropyran. The aromatic structure to which the photochromic sections are fused is selected from the group consisting of benzene, biphenyl, naphthalene, anthracene and phenanthrene. The positions of fusion of the photochromic sections on the aromatic structure are directly adjacent to the oxygen atom of the pyran or the oxygen or nitrogen atom of the oxazine.