Abstract: A storage device and method stores tuning-frequency data, and extracts a tuning frequency from a received signal. Based on the stored tuning-frequency data, the tuning frequency extracted by the first extracting unit is adjusted. The storage device is accessed by an information processing apparatus, and data from the storage device are processed by an information processing method.

Abstract: An ingress monitoring device (400) for monitoring and detecting reverse signals that may include ingress signals. The ingress monitoring device (400) includes a processor (430) for resolving the reverse signals into predetermined sub-bands at a first resolution. A power computation circuit (435) computes a power level for each of the sub-bands. A threshold comparison circuit (445) then compares the power level that is indicative to the power level of the ingress signals for each of the sub-bands with a predetermined threshold value. When ingress signals are detected by the ingress monitoring device (400), an alarm signal is sent that indicates the specific communications equipment in which the ingress signals have been detected.

Abstract: A power line communication system includes a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) having a sine wave approximator driven by a high frequency clock in the FPGA. The sine wave approximator generates a high frequency sine wave-shaped communication signal on command by a processor. The data transmission scheme includes sending a sequence of fixed length and fixed frequency cells wherein each transmitted cell is of one of four phases 0°, 90°, 180° or 270° (FIG. 2) relative to the phase of a preceding transmitted cell with the first transmitted cell designated as a zero-phase reference cell. The data transmissions are synchronized by the voltage zero crossings of the AC power line and each transmission consists of 27 cells evenly distributed over the AC voltage line half cycle. The high frequency sine wave-shaped communication signal is superimposed on the low frequency (60 Hz) AC power line via a transconductance amplifier which draws current from the AC power line via a full-wave bridge rectifier.

Abstract: A sounder device includes a piezoelectric resonant transducer, an amplifier and a coupling transformer to drive the transducer, an electronic signal produced to provide an input signal to the amplifier, and in which the electronic signal producer includes at least two lower frequency oscillators, a logical “OR” circuit having inputs from each of the lower frequency pulse oscillators, a resonant frequency pulse oscillator having a higher frequency near the resonant frequency of the transducer, a logical “AND” circuit having a first input connected to the output of the logical “OR” circuit, a second input connected to the output of the resonant frequency oscillator, and having an output connected to the amplifier input.

Abstract: A duplex communication apparatus for motor vehicle comprises a sensor, a first cellular phone, an alarm, a RF module, a first decoder, a CPU, a memory, an input, an output, a voice generator, a DTMF decoder, and a speaker. First cellular phone and alarm are switched to a ready state when a motor vehicle owner leaves the motor vehicle so that once sensor or both sensor and alarm enabled the apparatus is activated, whereby a two-way communication is established between the owner and the person at the motor vehicle through sensor, CPU, voice generator, a second cellular phone carried by the owner, and speaker.

Abstract: A platform monitoring system includes a camera for capturing a situation on a platform. An image captured by the camera is transmitted from a light emitter on the ground side as an optical signal and also transmitted from a transmission antenna on the ground side as a radio wave signal. These signals are received by an optical receiver and a reception antenna, respectively, mounted in a leading end portion of a vehicle. When the vehicle is positioned in a region around a stopping position, an image carried by the optical signal is selectively displayed on a monitor disposed near an operator's seat in the vehicle. When the vehicle is positioned out of the region around the stopping position, an image carried by the radio wave signal is selectively displayed on the monitor near the operator's seat in the vehicle.

Abstract: An overhead-view display system for a vehicle is provided. The display system comprises a reference vehicle indicator within an overhead field of view and at least three field of view display segments. Each display segment represents a physical region adjacent the reference vehicle and includes a first indicator adapted to display the existence of another vehicle within the region and the relative distance between the reference vehicle and the other vehicle. In another embodiment, each field of view display segment includes a second indicator adapted to represent a direction of change of relative distance between the reference vehicle and the other vehicle, and possibly the vehicle types. Thus, the disclosed display system communicates information on the vehicle's operating environment to the vehicle operator quickly, completely and with minimal driver distraction.

Abstract: A multiple channel braking notification system includes an accelerator pedal and an accelerator pedal actuator for applying a variable force to the accelerator pedal. A forward detection apparatus is used to detect the relative distance and speed to a target vehicle. A controller monitors the relative distance and speed to notify the driver to slow down. Driver notification is accomplished by applying a predetermined amount of variable force to the accelerator pedal. The amount of force applied is proportional to the level of braking required.

Abstract: An improved vehicle crash sensing apparatus quickly and reliably characterizes frontal impacts with only minimal data processing requirements. Two or more longitudinally separated piezoelectric strips strategically located in a frontal portion of the vehicle produce impact signals that are analyzed to characterize the type of impact and the structural crush rate. In a simple implementation involving only two piezoelectric strips, a first strip extends laterally along a forward portion of the front bumper, and a second strip extends laterally along a forward portion of the hood panel, above and rearward of the first strip. In cases where an impact signal is developed by only one of the two strips, a high (under-ride) or low (over-ride) impact is indicated. If impact signals are developed by both strips, the intervening time is measured as an indication of the structural crush rate.

Abstract: The invention relates to an automatic gearbox for motor vehicles, comprising an electronic drive control device and an electric gear range selecting element. In case the drive control device fails such that the gears can no longer be changed when the gear range selecting element is actuated with a view to changing gear range, and if the gears which can be changed by means of the gear range selecting element can be identified, the driver receives a corresponding optical, acoustic and/or haptic feedback signal which indicates said failure. In case the gera rage selecting element fails in such a way that the gear ranges adjustable by means of said gear range selecting element can no longer be identified, a corresponding optical, acoustic and/or haptic feedback signal which indicates said failure is immediately transmitted to the driver.

Abstract: An integrated security system includes a plurality of security devices each issuing an alarm signal. A plurality of control units are associated to control the security devices via a communication line. Each security device comprises an alarm storing section for storing alarm signals received from individual security devices as alarm information. An alarm transmitting section transmits the alarm information to all of the control units via the communication line. The alarm information stored in the alarm storing section during a predetermined storage time are transmitted at a time as an alarm notification command to the control units.

Abstract: An in-home surveillance-system comprising duplex communication equipment installed in a cable television station, and a domestic cable modem installed in a contracting home and connected to a lifestyle utility meter for the integrated amount of electric energy, the integrated amount of gas flow, and the integrated amount of water flow, and capable of internet protocol communication as well as relaying cable television broadcasts, wherein the in-home surveillance-system performs automatic reading of the lifestyle utility usage for transmission through the internet communication to a first center, and detects the occurrence of anything unusual relating to the occupant, by full-time transmission, through the internet protocol communication, of at least one of lifestyle utility usage, cable television broadcast reception, and internet access from the domestic cable modem to a second center.

Abstract: A vibration-sensing alarm device has a receiving circuit for receiving radio signals transmitted from a transmitter. A decoder decodes the signals transmitted from the receiving circuit. A control switch is controlled by the decoder to be turned on or off. An alarm circuit is activated to drive an alarm module to generate an alarm when the control switch is turned on and is disabled when the control switch is turned off. A power supply and timing control is provided to supply power and timing signals to the receiving circuit, the decoder, the control switch, and the alarm circuit. A motion sensor is provided for turning on the power supply and timing control when sensing a vibration.

Abstract: An anti-smoking system is built into a lidded container that holds cigarette packs. When the lid of the container is opened to grant access to the cigarette pack, an audible anti-smoking message is generated and played by an electrical circuit. Plural messages of differing content are provided so that the same message is not heard twice in a row. In a first embodiment, the circuit is activated in response to a signal from a light-sensitive device positioned within the lid so that the act of opening the container in an illuminated environment triggers the message. In a second embodiment, a normally open switch in the electrical circuit is closed when the lid is removed from the container. This activates the circuit independently of lighting conditions. In both embodiments, the system delivers an anti-smoking message at the moment of impulse, maximizing the psychological impact of the message.

Abstract: An early-warning security system for monitoring and tracking in real-time the activities and movements associated with prescribed personnel, personal property, mobile vehicles, and buildings. The system comprises a plurality of in situ local controllers having a microprocessor and a coordinated plurality of conspicuous and clandestine digital video cameras for continuously producing digital audio and visual signals, uplinking such signals via a suitable wireless telecommunications device to a satellite, general packet radio service, the Internet, intranet or extranet, and then downlinking these signals to a plurality of control centers for recording and analysis thereof. Uplinking of these digital signals may occur continuously or may be activated by a manual or predefined trigger event. Preventative or remedial action is immediately taken when perturbations from normal behavior or activities are observed in the recorded audio and visual signals.

Abstract: A safety apparatus utilizing an eyeglass mounted light beam emitter and detector which will sound an alarm when a drowsy driver's eye closes and his eyelashes interrupt a focused light beam. This device will prevent drivers from falling asleep and thereby prevent accidents. Usage of the device by pilots, factory workers, guards, and watchmen will improve their work performance and safety.

Abstract: A sensing and measuring circuit, employing a positive-temperature-coefficient sensing device, for detecting the presence and approximately measuring the quantity or concentration of heat-absorptive substances such as water. May be used for sensing a quantity of rainfall or irrigation water, or for detecting and giving an alarm or initiating remediation for leakage of water, oil, or other fluids from confinement to an unauthorized location.

Abstract: An apparatus for sensing moisture in a diaper comprises a portable alarm unit, a pouch-like diaper insert made from waterproof dental bib material with an opening at one end and a moisture sensing strip made of highly efficient liquid absorption and transfer capillary wick material. The wick strip has a substantially short front non-conductive portion protruding out of the diaper insert for placement in a diaper crotch area and a substantially long back portion having a pair of screen-printed spaced apart conductive ink bands which couple electrically at one end to the alarm unit. The conductive ink bands include a terminal tortuous conductive ink pattern screen-printed in close proximity to the substantially short first wick portion to increase moisture contact surface area, minimize moisture transfer distance and significantly reduce the alarm unit response time.

Abstract: A control panel/display subsystem acts as a device portal for interacting with multiple devices interconnected via a dynamic local network. Display content and the human-machine interface (HMI) implemented using the display subsystem automatically reconfigures itself when new devices are added to the vehicle network. An interface specifier enabling each new device to work with the device portal is obtained either from a local archive or a remote archive via connection with a remote network.

Abstract: A novel dynamic work zone safety system and method of traffic control for a construction work zone are provided herein. The system includes at least two traffic signalling device which are positioned along a roadside immediately upstream of a point where traffic is diverted to a single lane. The traffic signalling devices selectively flash a suitable warning, e.g., “DO NOT PASS” or “MERGE LEFT” or “MERGE RIGHT”, thereby to provide at least two “NO PASSING” or “MERGE LEFT” or “MERGE RIGHT” zones which is defined by the distance between the traffic signalling devices and the end of the work or construction zone. The “NO PASSING” or “MERGE LEFT” or “MERGE RIGHT” zones traffic signalling device and the end of the work or construction zone may thus be expanded or contracted.

Abstract: A vehicle wireless transmitter system includes a collision avoidance sensor in a wireless transmitter. The wireless transmitter generates a wireless signal, such as a garage door opener signal, based upon information from the collision avoidance sensor. The wireless transmitter generates a garage door opener signal when the collision avoidance sensor determines that the vehicle is within a predetermined distance of the garage. The wireless transmitter generates a garage door opener signal when the collision avoidance sensor determines that the vehicle is in the garage, the engine is no longer running and no motion is detected around the vehicle for a predetermined period of time.

Abstract: A parking status control system and method allow a parking space, or plurality of parking spaces, to be automatically monitored to detect unauthorized occupancy. The system and method may be applied to metered parking spaces or to other situations where controlled access to a parking space or area is desired. The presence or lack of a vehicle in a monitored parking space is determined using a vehicle presence detector, which communicates a signal indicative of such presence to a central system. A user or vehicle based authorization module is configured to transmit an authorization input to facilitate automated satisfaction of a space authorization device, e.g., payment of a parking meter. If there is occupancy, but no proper authorization input, the central system declares a violation and communicates the violation to another system or individual charged with taking corrective action.

Abstract: A dual mode light source unit is configured so that it can be secured into a conventional incandescent bulb socket on the aircraft. The light source has a connector portion that fits in the socket and receives the electrical current supplied thereto by the aircraft electrical system. The unit also comprises electric circuitry connected with the connector portion and a visible light source and an IR light source. The electric circuitry processes the input current from the socket and, based thereon, operates in either a civilian, visible mode or a covert IR mode. Where the current is in one electrical state, such as for example a certain voltage, the electric circuit sends power to the visible light source. When the current is in a different electrical state, e.g., a different voltage level, the circuitry sends power only to the IR source, and no visible light is emitted.

Abstract: An alphanumerical keyboard which includes a plurality of numeral keys and function keys is programmed so that an alpha-character will always be generated when exactly two mutually adjacent keys are depressed simultaneously, and that a numeral will always be generated when only one numeral key is depressed.

Abstract: To convert a 12-bit data word into an 18-bit code word, the 12-bit data word is divided into the 8 high-order bits and the 4 low-order bits. The 8 high-order bits are converted into 12 bits and the 4 low-order bits are converted into 6 bits, thereby creating an 18-bit code. This enables conversion using small-scale conversion tables.

Abstract: The invention is a system and method for processing a compressed data stream. The compressed data stream has a first group of source segments and a second group of source segments. For the first group of source segments, it is not necessary to decompress the source segments during the processing, and only status thereof, like timestamps, are needed to be modified. Comparatively, for the second group of source segments, it is necessary to decompress the source segments for successive manipulation. A recompression is then processed on the manipulated data segments. Finally, the resulting first group and second group of segments are combined together to generate a processed compressed data stream. Because of unnecessary decompression and recompression are dispensed with, significant efficiency is obtained and less error propagation occurs during processing the compressed data stream.

Abstract: A resampler (1) is used to convert a digital input signal string (Sin) with an input sampling rate (fin) into a digital output signal string (Sout) with an output sampling rate (fout). An estimating unit (11) estimates a sampling rate ratio (Rk) between the input sampling rate (fin) and the output sampling rate (fout) and a setpoint phase of the output signal string (Sout). A regulating unit (12) compares an actual phase of the output signal string (Sout) to the setpoint phase, and generates a control signal (RTC,k) as a function of the estimated sampling rate ratio (Rk) and a deviation of the actual phase from the setpoint phase. An interpolator (7) interpolates the input signal string (Sin) for producing the output signal string (Sout) at sampling times whose temporal position is determined by the control signal (RTC,k).

Abstract: In order to shorten the measuring time of an analog-digital converter for measuring very small currents with its resolution unchanged, a method of determining the measuring time for the analog-digital converter which comprises the steps of preliminarily measuring current to be measured, determining a voltage range and a current range used for measurement, and determining the measuring time for an analog-digital converter for current measurement on the basis of the determined voltage and current ranges, and the measured current value is provided.

Abstract: A method and device automatically convert a plurality of analog input channels using a single analog to digital conversion circuit. The device includes a multiplexer, an analog to digital conversion circuit and a configurable channel controller. The multiplexer has at least two analog input channels. The multiplexer also has control inputs and an output. The analog to digital conversion circuit is coupled to the output of the multiplexer and a clock signal. The analog to digital conversion circuit outputs a conversion value based on a voltage associated with the output of the multiplexer in successive clock cycles. The configurable channel controller outputs a control signal to the control inputs of the multiplexer to automatically select successive ones of the at least two analog input channels for conveying to the analog to digital conversion circuit.

Abstract: A current switching cell for a multi-cell DAC, each cell having a data input and an analog output and including a current switching circuit having a current node; a current definition circuit for providing current to the current switching circuit at the current node; the current definition circuit having a parasitic coupling between the input and the current node; a driver circuit responsive to a data input for actuating the current switching circuit to provide an analog output from the current from the current definition circuit; and a control circuit responsive to at least one common control signal for controlling the current definition circuit and isolating the parasitic coupling between the current node and the common control signal; the driver circuit may also have a parasitic coupling between its driver input and the current node and the control circuit may isolate the parasitic coupling between the current node and the driver input.

Abstract: Digital/analog converter for converting a binary coded data word into an analog output signal, having a capacitor cell Matrix (9) comprising capacitor cells (13ij) which are arranged in matrix form in columns and rows and are driven by thermometer-coded control signals via control lines; a first coding device (6) for recoding the n more significant data bits of the data word D to be converted into a thermometer-coded column control signal which has a width of 2n bits and is applied to the capacitor cell matrix (9) via column control lines (8), a second coding device (11) for recoding the m less significant data bits of the data word D to be converted into a thermometer-coded row control signal which has a width of 2m bits and is applied to the capacitor cell matrix (9) via row control lines (12), each capacitor cell (13ij) of the capacitor cell matrix (9) in each cast having an associated local decoding circuit (19ij) which drives switches (34, 35, 36, 37) in a manner dependent on the thermometer-coded row co

Abstract: The invention provides a circuit arrangement for conversion of an input current signal (11) to a digital output signal (43). In particular, the invention relates to a method for providing a low-capacitance voltage node for a comparator input of a tracking analog/digital converter. An input circuit node (12a) is supplied with an input current signal (11). A feedback current signal (13) is produced by the input circuit node (12a) in order to operate a tracking analog/digital converter. A difference current signal (14) is likewise produced by the input circuit node (12a), and is supplied to a transimpedance resistance element (15) connected to the input circuit node. A second connection of the transimpedance resistance element (15) is connected to a reference circuit node (12b). An intermediate variable (22) is produced at the reference circuit node (12b), and is supplied to a downstream converter device (23). A constant voltage with respect to ground (33) is maintained at the input circuit node (12a).

Abstract: There is disclosed a comparator comprising: 1) a first comparison circuit capable of receiving an input signal, wherein the first comparison circuit is enabled and compares the signal when a received LATCH signal is enabled and is disabled when the received LATCH signal is disabled; and 2) a second comparison circuit coupled to the input signal in parallel with the first comparison circuit, wherein an input stage of the second comparison circuit is substantially identical to an input stage of the first comparison circuit. The second comparison circuit is enabled and compares the input signal when the received LATCH is signal is disabled and is disabled when the received LATCH signal is enabled.

Abstract: A machine used for acquisition of digital images. A counter tracks the elapsed time since the beginning of image acquisition. When an analog sensor output changes by a pre-set amount, the count is stored as the digital number value representing the sensor output. This eliminates the need for a traditional analog-to-digital (A/D) conversion of the sensor output. In an array of sensors, the circuitry of the invention is simple enough to enable massively parallel A/D conversion. The invention can be implemented in an array using a separate counter for each sensor, but it is also possible to reduce costs by sharing counters among the sensors.

Abstract: A return path for use in a switched capacitor circuit includes an array of capacitors and a plurality of switches for selectively coupling voltages to capacitors. A set of latches selectively controls the plurality of switches during time periods partitioned into non-overlapping reset and set cycles. During a first such time period, a selected one of the capacitors is decoupled from a current voltage during the reset cycle and coupled to a selected reference voltage during the set cycle.

Abstract: The invention is a radar decoy which electronically simulates objects by generating radar detectable signals over the entire microwave frequency range. The simulator includes a series of tuned, spaced diode networks for generating carrier suppressed doppler side bands. Each diode network operates at a single, different frequency. The diode networks are enclosed by a corner reflector which modulates the amplitude and the phase of an impinging radar signal. The diode networks are controlled by a switching network which turns the diodes on and off at a desire frequency to produce a doppler frequency shift and thereby simulate moving objects.

Abstract: A dual port memory waveform generator system uses a clock-based system whose pulse durations and separations were set by counters that use the same fundamental clock frequency of the radar to be simulated. This pulse generator is loaded from a laptop computer. The output pulses are used to control pin switches to switch various frequencies, amplitudes, or phases as required for the particular radar being simulated. The result is a system with very good fidelity that will fit in a suitcase, and is very portable.

Abstract: A method for testing a pulse Doppler radar sensor circuit comprising at least one antenna, and a switch circuit, comprising the steps of 1) configuring said switch circuit such that a first path between an input terminal and a first output terminal and a second path between an input terminal and a second output terminal introduce different phase delays to an input signal, 2) providing an input signal to the switch circuit at said input terminal, and 3) comparing a signal at the first output terminal and a signal at the second output terminal to determine if the sensor circuit is functioning.

Abstract: A differential global positioning system (DGPS) using coarse data for the locations-in-space of GPS satellites for ranging to the GPS satellites and then determining a precise differentially corrected GPS location of a GPS user receiver. The coarse GPS data can be GPS almanac data or non-current GPS ephemeris data as long as the same data is used by both a GPS reference receiver and the GPS user receiver.

Abstract: A position determining system, a receiving system, a method of determining the position of a movable object and a method of receiving data regarding the position of the movable object are provided. The position determining system comprise a position determining unit, a display unit and a controller. The position determining unit determines the position of a movable object based on position information sent from GPS satellites. The display unit displays the position of the movable object which has been determined by the position determining unit. The controller controls a time interval at which the position of the movable object is determined by said position determining unit, in accordance with a degree of position change occurring in the position to be displayed on the display unit. Accordingly, in the position determining system, elimination of consumption power can be realized in a position determination process which is not necessarily performed, while the system is advantageously handled.

Abstract: A navigation-satellite receiver depends on a network server to occasionally provide key pieces of information needed during its initialization. The navigation-satellite receiver critically maintains its position uncertainty, sigmaPos, to under 150-km. Therefore, at least every five minutes, the navigation-satellite receiver uses a network connection to download all the ephemeris information for all the operational SV's. The power-off time uncertainty, sigmaTime, is kept under one millisecond by running a real-time clock with a software-compensated crystal oscillator reference. Such information is instantly available at power-up to reduce the time necessary to produce a first fix when receiver signal levels are under −150 dbm even for the strongest SV.

Abstract: A satellite provides a time signal that is adjusted for position of a receiver on the surface of the Earth. A receiver determines appropriate local time from the time signal, and can adjust a local clock accordingly, the satellite time signal in the form of a rotating beam containing angular information to determine the position of the satellite transmitter for proper synchronization. A fixed receiver can also measure the radiation angle of the transmitted beam.

Abstract: A high altitude communication device is provided using a first array element comprising a plurality of patches and a second array element comprising a plurality of patches. The first array element and the second array element are for receiving communication signals. A patch in the first array element is shared by the second array element. At least one grouping network selects the first array element for a first time interval and selects the second array element for a time interval after the first time interval to convert and form digital combined signals from the communication signals. A method of digitally controlling received signals within a high altitude communication device is also provided.

Abstract: A relatively small phased array antenna is formed at a low cost even if the number of radiating elements increases in order to improve the gain. The phased array antenna has a multilayered structure in which a number of radiating elements (15), a phase shift unit (16) for changing the phase of an RF signal transmitted/received at each radiating element, and a distribution/synthesis unit (14) are formed on different layers. Signal lines (X1-Xm) and scanning lines (Y1-Yn) are wired on a phase control layer (35) to connect phase shift units to each other in a matrix. The signal lines and the scanning lines are matrix-driven by selection units (12X, 12Y) so that desired phase shift amounts are set to phase shift units located at the intersections of the signal and scanning lines. In addition, switches (17S) of a phase shifter (17) are formed at once on the phase control layer.

Abstract: The recording section 114 records a highly reliable amount of correction for phase rotation, which is obtained in advance by a sufficient number of samples before commencement of communications. The measurement section 112 measures the amount of phase rotation of the known signals, and the comparison section 113 compares the measured amount of phase rotation with the amount of correction and renews the amount of correction from time to time during communications on the basis of the results of the comparison.

Abstract: A computer program product, apparatus, and method for determining the position of a user terminal. It includes receiving, at the user terminal, a broadcast analog television signal having a periodic component; and correlating the broadcast analog television signal with a predetermined reference signal based on the periodic component, thereby producing a pseudorange; and wherein the location of the user terminal is determined based on the pseudorange and a location of the transmitter of the broadcast analog television signal.

Abstract: An antenna for use with a cellular telephone includes a conductive wire having a binder disposed thereover. The conductive wire may be entirely shaped in the form of a coil or only partially shaped like a coil. The binder is preferably a polymeric material which is clear and transparent. The binder includes a quartz crystal powder, reflective flecks such as mylar, and a fluorescent dye dispersed therein. The binder is applied over the conductive wire and reduces emissions of electromagnetic radiation.

Abstract: A surface mount type antenna and a communication terminal using the same. A radiator electrode is provided on a first principal face of a substrate. A ground electrode is provided on the second principal face of the substrate. A first feeder electrode has at least a portion thereof provided on a side face and on the second principal face of the substrate. A second feeder electrode is provided on an inner wall face of a hole formed parallel to the first and second principal faces. The first feeder electrode and the ground electrode are kept in a non-contact state. The first feeder electrode and the second feeder electrode are in electrical contact. A mobile communication terminal using the surface-mount type antenna is small in size, exhibits small variations in characteristics, and provides high productivity and reliability.

Abstract: Disclosed is a portable communication terminal having an antenna structure capable of achieving a reduction in specific absorption rate (SAR) without preventing earth current from flowing through a PCB of the terminal. A sleeve antenna is arranged opposite to a speaker mounted to a printed circuit board (PCB) in the body of the terminal. The sleeve antenna includes an antenna element formed on an antenna PCB, and a dielectric sleeve. The sleeve antenna is connected to a transmitting/receiving circuit via a coaxial cable. The dielectric sleeve is mounted to a tip of the coaxial cable. The coaxial cable has an outer conductor connected to the inner peripheral conductor of the dielectric sleeve, and a central conductor connected to the feeding point of the antenna element. In accordance with this configuration, there is no antenna current flowing through the PCB. The PCB also serves as an electromagnetic shield plate. Accordingly, a reduction in SAR is achieved.

Abstract: An electromagnetic coupling type four-point feeding loop antenna (10) comprises a cylindrical body (11) formed by rounding a flexible insulator film member (20) around a central axis (O) in a cylindrical fashion and a loop portion (12) made of conductor that is formed on the cylindrical body along a peripheral surface thereof around the central axis in a loop fashion. In order to feed to the loop portion at four points, four feeders (13) are formed on the peripheral surface of the cylindrical body. Between the loop portion and each of the four feeders, a gap (&dgr;1) is provided, whereby carrying out feed to the loop portion by electromagnetic coupling.