Abstract: Structures and apparatuses such as tank cars that have ladders associated therewith are disclosed which have, at the ladder top, two arrays of a plurality of horizontal rungs suitable for a climber using a ladder to horizontally grip by hand. The arrays form an opening through which a climber can leave or access the ladder while gripping the horizontal handgrip rungs of the arrays. The cross-section of the horizontal handgrip rungs is substantially round and should not exceed 2 inches in diameter. The preferred cross-section of the rungs is within the range of from about ¾″-1 ″ in diameter.

Abstract: A ladder for negotiating an object includes a frame and a lever coupled to the frame. The lever is movable relative to the frame in response to an actuating force applied to the lever to move the lever into engagement with the object to secure the ladder to the object. A method for securing a ladder to an object is also disclosed.

Abstract: A motorcycle lubrication oil cooling system that cools lubrication oil without increasing the number of parts, weight, or cost, and yet is simple in construction. The cooling system is applicable to motorcycles in which an engine is cooled by a coolant pump driven by a crankshaft. The coolant pump is provided on a side face of the engine, and an oil storage chamber capable of storing a specified amount of lubrication oil is provided adjacent to the coolant pump, while a covering member is provided to cover both the oil storage chamber and a coolant pump chamber that houses the coolant pump. This abstract is neither intended to define the invention discloses in this specification nor intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way.

Abstract: A breather device for a power train of an electric vehicle including an electric motor and a gearbox connected to the electric motor. The breather device comprises: a breather chamber provided above a connecting portion connecting an electric motor housing and a gearbox casing; a first breather passage providing a communication between the breather chamber and an inside of the electric motor housing; and a second breather passage providing a communication between the breather chamber and a lubricating oil separation chamber formed in the gearbox casing.

Abstract: A system for improved collection and containment of fluids such as oils that commonly drip from an aircraft during service maintenance operations and during normal periods of storage. The system comprises a ground-supported drip pan incorporating a peripheral cutout adapted to accommodate a landing wheel of the aircraft to permit effective positioning under the engine. An embodiment for exterior use utilizing the weight of the aircraft to prevent movement of the system is also disclosed.

Abstract: A device for supporting the wheels of vehicles in general during their attitude check, comprising a horizontal plate (8) which is supported in such a manner as to enable it to undergo rotation and translation within the plane in which it lies, about a position known as the zero position, and means able to disable the mobility of said plate, said means comprising a lower central appendix (11) which is rigid with the plate, and with which there is associated an automatic centering, retention and release system, which is activated and deactivated by a remote command.

Abstract: A mast in a conventional stacker crane is configured to extend in a vertical direction. Accordingly, the mast is not sufficiently rigid, and may swing in a running direction during running or when the running operation is stopped. An attempt to increase the rigidity results in a thicker mast, thus increasing the size of the stacker crane.

Abstract: In an elevator system in which two cars operate in each shaft, there is obtained an elevator group control apparatus which is capable of providing efficient services while preventing collisions of cars in each shaft as much as possible.

Abstract: A piston having a piston rod connected thereto is slidably fitted in a cylinder in which a hydraulic fluid is sealably contained. Extension-stroke and compression-stroke pilot type damping force control mechanisms are provided in the piston. Check valves are provided at inlet openings of back-pressure chambers (pilot chambers). Relief valves provided in the pilot chambers include orifice passages. When the direction of stroke of the piston rod is reversed, the pressures in the back-pressure chambers are maintained due to the check valves, and the back-pressure chambers are pressurized to a satisfactory level through the orifice passages.

Abstract: A valve spool for a suspension damper comprises a body portion and a bridge connected to the body portion. The body portion has an upper edge, and the bridge extends at least partially beyond the upper edge of the body portion.

Abstract: A power supply line is wired in a loop from a battery power supply, and a power supply relay circuit is installed intermediately of the power supply line such that power is supplied from the power supply relay circuit to an electric load connected to a terminal unit of an intensive wiring line. By this arrangement, not only wires for control signals but also wires for power supply can be reduced. The terminal unit may serve also as the power supply relay circuit.

Abstract: An impeller wheel is connected to a housing cover on the drive side so as to be fixed with respect to rotation relative to it. The housing cover has a cover hub. At least one clutch plate of a lockup clutch is coupled to a plate driver and is arranged between the housing cover and a piston which is displaceable axially between an engaged position and a disengaged position. In the engaged position, the clutch plate is coupled with the impeller wheel so as to be fixed with respect to rotation relative to it and in the disengaged position the clutch plate is supported so as to be rotatable relative to the impeller wheel. The piston is supported on the cover hub and is connected to a driver disk so as to be fixed with respect to rotation relative to it, this driver disk being connected to the cover hub so as to be fixed with respect to rotation relative to it. The piston is supported in axial direction at the cover hub in the disengaged position.

Abstract: A free run clutch apparatus is disclosed for damping movement of a device mechanically connected to the apparatus. The apparatus includes a housing which defines an enclosure and a rotor rotatably located within the enclosure, the rotor defining a cavity. A shaft has a first and a second end, the first end of the shaft being rotatably disposed within the cavity. A biasing device is disposed within the cavity between the first end of the shaft and the rotor. Also, a black oxide coating is coated on the biasing device such that when the shaft is rotated in a first direction, a free run of the biasing device within the cavity is permitted. However, when the shaft rotates in a second direction opposite to the first direction, the coated biasing device grabs the rotor so that damping of the rotation of the shaft in the second direction can be achieved.

Abstract: The over-running clutch pulley of a preferred embodiment of the invention includes a sheave member, a hub member located substantially concentrically within the sheave member, a spring member, and a stop surface, which cooperate to rotationally engage an input device and an output device. The sheave member preferably includes a sheave input section adapted to the engage the input device, and a sheave clutch section defining a sheave clutch surface. Similarly, the hub member preferably includes a hub output section adapted to engage the output device, and a hub clutch section defining a hub clutch surface. The stop surface functions to engage the spring member and to transfer some torque from the sheave member to the hub member during the acceleration of the sheave member in the first rotational direction relative the hub member.

Abstract: An over-running clutch pulley of the preferred embodiment includes a sheave member, a hub member located substantially concentrically within the sheave member, a sealing member, and a clutch member, which cooperate to rotationally engage the drive belt and the cylindrical shaft. The sheave member preferably includes a sheave input section adapted to engage the input device, a sheave clutch section defining a sheave clutch surface, and a sheave flange element. Similarly, the hub member preferably includes a hub output section adapted to engage the output device, a hub clutch section defining a hub clutch surface, and a hub lip element. The sealing member preferably includes a seal outer section frictionally engaged with the sheave flange element, and a seal inner section slidably engaged with the hub lip element. The sealing member preferably functions to substantially seal a cavity defined by the sheave flange element and the hub lip element.

Abstract: A one-way clutch assembly has a first ring, a second ring, a third ring, a first one-way clutch mechanism and a second one-way clutch mechanism. The first, second and third rings have a substantially circular shape. The second and third rings are coaxially located with respect to the first ring. The first one-way clutch mechanism is located between the first ring and the second ring for selectively transmitting first power therebetween. The second one-way clutch mechanism is located between the first ring and the third ring for selectively transmitting second power therebetween.

Abstract: An improvement in a motor vehicle transmission/casing assembly where an end pressure plate of a clutch plate assembly, is positioned on a surface of an hydraulic piston located in the casing of the transmission/casing assembly. Spaced externally extending splines on the pressure plate are positioned in correspondingly spaced channels in the interior casing wall, for arresting the pressure plate from rotation. A loosely fitted buffer member or liner is positioned in each channel between the periphery of the externally extending splines and the walls of the channel for intercepting contact between the spline of the pressure plate and the wall of the channel. A groove in a circumference of the interior wall of the casing, supports a snap ring which transverses each channel and blocks the buffer member, positioned in the channel, from slipping out of the channel.

Abstract: A shift lock apparatus has a shift lever operated selectively in a first and second directions to switch a gear of a vehicle. The change gear is operated based the manual operation of the lever shifted in the first direction. The gear is automatically operated when the lever is shifted in the second direction. A lock member is rotatably supported around an axis extending perpendicular to a plane including lines each extending in the first direction and in the second direction. A plurality of regulating portions are disposed in said lock member. The regulating portion is capable of regulating the shift lever that moves in the first and the second directions.

Abstract: Holding elements (1) being equipped for transporting individual articles (2) in a held manner and being movable along a stretch of rail (5) independently of one another at least to a limited extent and having in pushed operation a regular minimum distance between one another, are banked-up during transportation at a banking-up point by a banking-up means (16), such that upstream of the banking-up point an accumulation store (12) is formed. The holding elements are released from the accumulation store (12) in a controlled manner and are conveyed away from the accumulation store, not individually but in groups, wherein the holding elements (1) in the groups (15) advantageously have the mentioned minimum distance between one another. For pre-forming the groups to be released (12) there is a further banking-up means (16) provided in the accumulation store (12).

Abstract: An exciter mass assembly for vibratory processing equipment includes an exciter frame and at least one resilient member connecting the exciter frame to the vibratory processing equipment. A motor is supported by the exciter frame so that the exciter frame and motor define a frame center of gravity. The motor includes a rotating shaft defining a shaft center of gravity. The prime mover is positioned with respect to the exciter frame such that the shaft center of gravity is substantially coincident with the exciter mass center of gravity, thereby to minimize movement of the exciter mass assembly in unintended directions.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for preventing the activation of an electrical component within an electrical distribution network. The apparatus comprises an electrical component, such as a disconnect switch, a means for the actuation thereof, and an independently moving restriction means. When the electrical component is in a deactivated condition, the actuation and restriction members are capable of being coupled together with a locking device, such as a padlock, to prevent activation of the electrical component. Conversely, when the electrical component is in an activated condition, the actuation member may moved to deactivate the electrical component, regardless of the installation of one or more locking devices in the two members. Hence, the electronic component may not be restricted to the activated condition.

Abstract: An interlocking device for preventing the simultaneous throwing of a pair of switches. An elongate locking bar is provided with two laterally spaced apart switch actuator-receiving recesses formed therein. The elongate locking bar has a first position where a first switch actuator receiving recess is in alignment with a first switch actuator so that said first switch actuator can be thrown. A second switch actuator recess is misaligned with a second switch actuator when said first switch actuator recess is in alignment with the first switch actuator. The elongate locking bar has a second position where the second switch actuator receiving recess is in alignment with the second switch actuator so that the second switch actuator can be thrown. The first switch actuator recess is misaligned with the first switch actuator when the second switch actuator recess is in alignment with the second switch actuator.

Abstract: Disclosed is a lever switch being capable of providing predetermined electrical operational instructions by rotating the first rotary knob 3 and the second rotary knob 5 about the axis respectively, characterized in that a first detent mechanism 21 is provided on the distal side of the control lever 1 for providing detention against rotational operation of the second rotary knob 5, a lever guide 19 formed with a lever guide hole 20 is provided on the control lever 1, a lever shaft 39 extending from the distal side to the proximal side of the control lever 1 is disposed in the lever guide hole 20, the first rotary knob 3 is connected to the distal side of the lever shaft 39, a control rod 43 is provided for providing the electrical operational instructions on the proximal side of the lever shaft 39, and a second detent mechanism for providing detention against the rotational operation of the first rotary knob 3 is provided between the proximal side of the lever guide 19 and the control rod 43.

Abstract: A mechanism for operating a plurality of circuit interruption mechanisms of a circuit breaker, the mechanism applies a uniform force to the circuit interruption mechanisms. The mechanism applies a force to an elongated member for manipulating the circuit interruption mechanisms. The mechanism applies a force to the elongated member at a first position and a second position, the first position and the second position being intermediate to a center of the elongated member and the plurality of circuit interruption mechanisms.

Abstract: The present invention has as its object to provide a push switch utilizing a click spring with superior electrical conduction during operation of the switch.

Abstract: Disclosed is an AC/DC switch for electric power tools which is free of bouncing at the time of turning on, still assuring the quick cutting-off of heavy current. In the improved electric switch the timing of turning-on and -off is guaranteed to be free from variation with age, which would be caused by wearing some projections of the switching mechanism and/or inconsistency in spring material. The electric switch, therefore, has a long-life and a high rating.

Abstract: A dry distillation and volume reduction apparatus for waste comprising a superheated steam generator 1 for generating a superheated steam, a dry distillation and volume reduction vessel 2 for heating waste 5 and subjecting the same to dry distillation and volume reduction with the superheated steam supplied from the superheated steam generator 1, and heating gas supplier 4 for supplying exhaust gas of an engine 3 as a heat source for heating the superheated steam generator 1. Furthermore, the superheated steam can also be generated by producing a combustible gas by incomplete combustion of carbides 52 produced by heating of organic waste 52 in the dry distillation and volume reduction vessel 2 using heating gas supplier 4.

Abstract: There is provided a process for recovering tetrafluoroethylene wherein an amount of energy required to obtain TFE is reduced.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst useful for a photooxidation reaction and also relates to a novel process for producing aldehydes, particularly aromatic aldehydes, which are useful as an intermediate for the production of agrochemical and medical preparations. The catalyst is particularly suitable for the oxidation of a methyl group difficult to oxidize.

Abstract: A reactor for non-thermal plasma assisted treatment of a gaseous medium incorporates at least one electrically conducting mesh filter element positioned so that gaseous medium passes therethrough. At least one dielectric barrier layer provides for a dielectric barrier type discharge, when an electrical power supply is connected to the electrodes to generate the plasma.

Abstract: Method for manufacturing a workpiece by a vacuum treatment process includes providing a vacuum treatment system with first second parts in a vacuum chamber. Either a sensor or an adjusting element with first signal connection is mounted on the second part. An electronic unit in the chamber has a reference potential and a second electric signal connection. The first part is connected to a system reference potential. A workpiece goes into the chamber and the method includes operating the second part at a further electric potential different from the system reference potential by at least 12 V. The method includes connecting the first electric signal connection to the second electric signal connection and maintaining the reference connection during operation on the further electric potential by metallically connecting the reference connection to the second part.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for performing electrolysis on materials such as water, thereby electrically separating the electrolyte into its elemental components. More specifically, according to a preferred aspect of the instant invention, there is provided an apparatus for splitting water into hydrogen and oxygen that uses a specially prepared cathode in conjunction with incident light energy to increase the efficiency of that process. A preferred embodiment of this apparatus uses the photo collector/cathode which comprises a thin layer of metal, preferably nickel, deposited by electroplating or a similar technique onto a conductive surface (e.g., a sheet of copper metal). During the electrolysis process, the cathode is irradiated with light, thereby reducing the amount of electrical energy necessary to separate a given quantity of electrolytic material.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for determining whether a volume of biological sample is adequate to produce an accurate electrochemical analyte concentration measurement. Certain such methods and systems provide the additional function of compensating for a sample volume determined to be less than adequate in order to proceed with an accurate analyte concentration measurement. The present invention is employed with a biosensor, such as an electrochemical test strip to which the sample volume of biological solution is deposited, and a meter configured to receive such test strip and to measure the concentration of selected analytes within the biological sample.

Abstract: In order to provide a cholesterol sensor capable of measuring whole blood with high accuracy and excellent response, where plasma with hemocytes therein filtered promptly reaches an electrode system, in a biosensor comprising: an insulating base plate; an electrode system which is provided on the base plate and has a measurement electrode and a counter electrode; a reaction layer including at least oxidoreductase and an electron mediator; a sample solution supply pathway which includes the electrode system and the reaction layer and has an air aperture on the termination side thereof; a sample supply portion; and a filter which is disposed between the sample solution supply pathway and the sample supply portion and filters hemocytes, where plasma with the hemocytes therein filtered with the filter is sucked into the sample solution supply pathway due to capillarity, the central part of a secondary side portion of the filter is protruded into the sample solution supply pathway more than both the right and left

Abstract: The proteins in a biological sample that is sought to be analyzed for its protein composition by am electrophoretic or chromatographic procedure are coupled to a dye in an unusually efficient manner by combining the sample with a solid dry composition containing the dye, a buffering agent, and in preferred embodiments, a denaturing agent as well. The solid and dry form of the composition prevents the dye from deteriorating or decomposing, and the combination of components in the composition allows the dye to couple to the proteins in a relatively uniform manner with no overstaining of the protein when the composition and the sample are heated together and held at an elevated temperature for a short period of time.

Abstract: A method is provided for making a hydrophilic carbon fiber construction, such as a fuel cell gas diffusion layer or diffuser/current collector, by electrophoretic deposition of a metal oxide selected from Type I or Type II, where Type I consists of metal oxides having a negative zeta potential and Type II consists of metal oxides having a positive zeta potential. A hydrophilic carbon fiber construction is provided, such as a fuel cell gas diffusion layer or diffuser/current collector, which is coated with a metal oxide and capable of wicking 200 mg of water per 40 mg of the hydrophilic carbon fiber construction.

Abstract: A method is provided for making a hydrophobic carbon fiber construction, such as a fuel cell gas diffusion layer, by electrophoretic deposition of a highly fluorinated polymer, which may be followed by sintering of the fluoropolymer. A hydrophobic carbon fiber construction is provided, such as a fuel cell gas diffusion layer, which is coated with a monolayer of particles of a highly fluorinated polymer, which may be sintered.

Abstract: The invention provides a photodegradation resistant curable electrodepositable coating composition which includes one or more ungelled, active hydrogen-containing cationic sulfonium salt group-containing resins which are electrodepositable on a cathode, and one or more curing agents having cationic groups or groups which are capable of forming cationic groups. The invention also provides processes for coating an electroconductive substrate with the coating composition, to form single layer or multi-layer composite coatings. Also provided is a multi-layer composite coating in which the electrodepositable coating composition is used to form the primer layer. The compositions have improved throw power versus typical sulfonium salt electrodepositable compositions.

Abstract: Plural capillaries for separating fluorephore-labeled samples by electrophoresis, fluorescence detecting parts provided in a part of these capillaries arranged in the same plane for detecting a fluorescence emitted by fluorephore labels when a part of the plural capillaries is scanned and irradiated by a laser beam, and a fluorescence detection system for detecting this fluorescence, are provided. The fluorescence detecting parts are scanned and repeatedly irradiated by the laser beam where a scanning period of the fluorescence detecting parts by the laser beam is t1, and the fluorescence is detected by the fluorescence detecting system where an acquisition time of fluorescence signal is t2 (t1≦t2).

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for obtaining gold-colored aluminum oxide layers in which the coloring of the oxidized surface of the aluminum or aluminum alloys is carried out by an electrolytic process in an electrolyte comprising an alkanesulfonic acid and an alkanesulfonate of silver, and to the use of the gold-colored workpieces based on aluminum or aluminum alloys produced by this process for decorative purposes.

Abstract: A process for selectively forming a metal barrier layer on a surface of an interconnect of a wiring substrate comprising the steps of abrading the substrate and simultaneously feeding onto the substrate a plating solution having said metal dissolved therein. The abrading step comprises contacting the substrate against an abrasive surface and causing relative linear and/or rotary motion between the abrasive surface and the substrate while the substrate is in contact with the abrasive surface. Growth of the metal barrier layer on a portion of the wiring substrate other than the interconnect layer is suppressed and the metal barrier layer thus formed is thinner, exhibits improved uniformity and superior prevention against Cu diffusion.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for forming a polymer layer with a uniform thickness on the surface of a solid support, to the solid support obtained using this process, and to its applications.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a new process for the electrochemical preparation of p-aminophenols, especially 5-aminosalicylic acid. The process can be performed at a low temperature of below 50° C.

Abstract: An on-site apparatus and method for preparing aqueous cleaning compositions, including an electrolytic cell for producing and dispensing chlorine and sodium hydroxide for use in various cleaning and/or sanitizing formulations at the point of use.

Abstract: The present invention is an electropolishing process means for an inner surface of a long tube, especially applied to a long tube of greater than two meters and a diameter range between 0.3 to 5 cm. Wherein, the present invention comprises at least one tube, one complex electrode; an inner surface of the tube is for electropolishing process, and it is an anode as well; the electrode is a cathode and placed on a center of a partition; an end of electrode connects to a cable, the cable is driven by an axial mechanism to be moved toward the axial mechanism itself; inside tube are full of electrolyte, which is an electrifying medium to connect both anode and cathode, further, electrolyte cooperates with electrode to move for electropolishing process the inner surface of tube.

Abstract: A process for an electrochemical reduction of a reducible dye by contacting said reducible dye with a cathode comprising a support of an electrically conductive material and an electrically conductive, cathodically polarized layer formed thereon in situ by alluviation comprises conducting said electrochemical reduction in the presence of a base.

Abstract: A method for electrochemical oxidation decomposition of difficult to decompose compounds like aromatic compounds, organic chlorine compounds, agricultural chemicals, dioxin, PCB and water soluble polymers that are contained in waste fluid, such as print developing waste fluid, factory waste water and industrial waste water of things such as landfill soil seeping waste water by carrying out electrolysis at a high current density to eliminate and purify difficult to decompose substances in the waste fluid. Waste fluid containing difficult to decompose substances is introduced into an electrolytic chamber with an anode that is a ferrite electrode, electrolysis is performed at a high current density of 10 A/dm2 or higher, hypohalogenous acid and active oxygen are generated in the waste fluid along with a strong anode oxidation action being brought about, and the oxidation decomposition is repeated by re-circulating the waste fluid through a filter, electrolyzer and intermediate collecting chamber.

Abstract: Systems for positioning and/or analyzing samples such as cells, vesicles, cellular organelles, and fragments, derivatives, and mixtures thereof, for electrical and/or optical analysis, especially relating to the presence and/or activity of ion channels.

Abstract: An oral hygiene system is provided which includes a decorative, compact, portable storage case comprising all the components of the oral hygiene system; it includes a hinged top with a mirror located on the interior surface of the hinged top, along with several brackets that will securely hold all items contained in the storage case. Items to be stored would be geared towards “braces-wearers” and would include (but not be limited to): a toothbrush, toothpaste, mouthwash, dental floss, dental floss threader, rubber bands, smile wax, bracket brush and toothpicks made to sufficient size to be contained and stored within the small portable case. This storage case also has an outer casing, made of the same material, with a clip on device attached to it in order to provide more convenient use by wearing clipped onto a belt, purse, pocket, or wherever one desires to place it.

Abstract: A pop-up container, including four side panels, a top panel and a floor panel constructing a close structure. At least one of the side panel has a zipper that allows the pop-up container to be open sufficiently wide such that one can easily store or access clothes in the container. The walls of the container are made of flexible and foldable material. At least two opposite panels comprise foldable perimeters with tension-loop frames so that the pop-up container can be collapsed into a flat piece and received in a carrying bag. The pop-up container further comprises a hanger bar detachably connected to the container for hanging clothes. The hanger bar may be supported from the ground to provide additional support to the hanger bar and container to prevent from bowing or buckling of the container.