Abstract: A parking control system for managing a covered or non-covered parking facility comprises entrance control means (10, 30) which are able to co-act with an issued access means (1) to register and optionally facilitate entry to the parking facility. Charging means and payments means (40) are further provided for associating a parking fee to a presented access means after expiry of a certain parking period and for transacting payment thereof. The payment means are coupled to data storage means (2, 20) in which a parking credit associated with the access means can be registered. A parking fee associated with the access means can be deducted from this parking credit, wherein different users of the system are able to register and top up the parking credit in the data storage means.

Abstract: A checkout system includes a front module, a rear module, and a bagging module. The bagging module includes a rotatable support surface and an extendible support, which is adapted for supporting at least one bag. The extendible support is mounted to the rotatable support surface and is movable between an operable position wherein a bag supported by the extendible support is positioned for loading items into the supported bag from the front module and a stowed position wherein an uppermost portion of the extendible support is lowered below the upper surfaces of the front module and the rear module.

Abstract: The invention provides an elevator apparatus comprising a cage 1 disposed inside a path of upward or downward movement vertically movably, a counterweight 2 vertically movable with the upward or downward movement of the cage 1, and a lift drive mechanism for driving the cage 1 upward or downward. The drive mechanism comprises a sheave 42 disposed inside the path, ropes 3 extending along a route around the sheave 42, and a drive device 5 in engagement with the ropes 3. The drive device 5 comprises a belt transmission provided alongside the ropes 3 and revolvingly movable along the rope extension route, a mechanism for pressing a belt surface of the belt transmission into contact with the ropes 3, and a drive motor for driving the belt transmission. The cage can be driven upward or downward without using any traction sheave, while the cage can be reduced in weight.

Abstract: An exit (5) formed in an elevator car (1) is closed by doors (8) of multi-construction including an inner door (6) and an outer door (7). Air is able to flow between a space between the inner door (6) and the outer door (7) and the space in the elevator car (1). The elevator car (1) can be sealed in an airtight state and can be isolated from external noise. Deformation of the decorative inner surface of the inner door (6) by pressure difference between the interior and the exterior of the elevator car (1) can be prevented.

Abstract: An automatic application hand brake apparatus is provided for automatically applying at least one brake member secured to a railway vehicle with the hand brake assembly. The apparatus comprises an operating member having at least one ratchet attached to a drive shaft of said hand brake assembly. The apparatus also includes an application cylinder connected to a drive arm pivotally attached to said drive shaft and containing and operating pawl engaging said operating ratchet. The reciprocating motion of the drive arm caused by the application cylinder enables reciprocal rotation of the operating arm and furthermore causing application of at least one brake member. A control means is connected to the source of the fluid pressure for initiating and regulating the supply of fluid pressure to the application cylinder.

Abstract: The invention relates to a disc brake, in particular for utility vehicles, comprising a brake caliper (1), which extends over a brake disc (3), an application device (13) located in the brake caliper for applying brake pads (5, 7) on both sides of the brake disc (3) in the direction of the latter, in addition to at least one adjusting system located in the brake caliper for compensating wear and tear on the brake pad and/or disc, by adjusting the distance between the brake pad (7) and the brake disc (3). The adjusting system has an adjusting rotative device. The disc brake is characterised in that at least one of the adjusting rotative devices is provided on each side of the brake disc (3) for adjusting the axial distances between the two brake pads (5, 7) and brake disc (3).

Abstract: A quick mounting combined wheel and brake assembly, includes a hub for mounting on a vehicle axle for rotatably mounting a wheel and at least one component of a brake assembly, a quick connect device for detachably mounting the hub on the axle, a brake assembly having a stationary component mounted on the hub, and a rotating component mounted on and rotatable with the wheel, and a brake actuator mounted in the axle and extendable into the hub for actuating the brake assembly

Abstract: A wheel support for providing a connection, rotatable about an axis (S), between a wheel of a vehicle which can be braked by a disk brake and the stub axle (6) of the vehicle comprises a bell (24) suitable for supporting a braking band (25) and a connection flange (14) for the connection of the vehicle wheel. The bell (24) and the connection flange (14) are formed integrally, constituting a single body (2) which can be connected rotatably and releasably to the stub axle (6) of the vehicle.

Abstract: A stepped braking system is used as a function of the required braking torque in this method for maintaining a desired braking torque in a vehicle equipped with stepped and infinitely-variable permanent braking systems whereby simultaneous activation of the stepped and infinitely-variable braking systems occurs in such manner that the sum of the participations of the different systems provides the required braking torque at any time.

Abstract: A vacuum pressure booster has a booster shell; a booster piston; a valve cylinder including: a valve piston; an input rod; a control valve; and an input return spring, and the control valve including: an annular vacuum pressure introducing valve seat; an atmosphere introducing valve seat; a valve body including: an annular attaching bead portion; an expansion cylinder portion; and an annular valve portion; and a valve spring, wherein the attaching bead portion is tightly held by a pair of cylindrical holding portions formed in a pair of valve holders attached to the valve cylinder, and the diameter of the holding portion is smaller than the inner diameter of the valve cylinder.

Abstract: The invention relates to a disk brake, particularly for commercial vehicles, comprising a brake caliper (1) covering a brake disk (3), a tensing device (13) arranged in a brake caliper for tensing the brake pads (5, 7) on both sides of the brake disk (3) in the direction thereof, and at least one regulating system arranged in the brake caliper in order to equalise the brake pad and/or disk deterioration by adjusting the distance between the brake pad (7) and the brake disk (3). The invention is characterised in that at least one or more adjusting rotational devices which are driven by an electric motor are provided on each side of the brake disk (3) to adjust the axial distances between the brake pads (5, 7) and the brake disk (3). According to a method for controlling the regulating system of the brake disk, the regulating rotational device is individually controlled on both sides of the brake disk.

Abstract: An attachment for a wheeled container allows a user to pull wheeled luggage, backpacks or any other wheeled container hands free, while eliminating the twisting and pulling method of pulling wheeled containers necessary for the current models. The present invention has a belt that fits around a user's waist, which is attached to the handle of a wheeled container. This invention is lightweight and easy to use in conjunction with a wheeled suitcase or backpack. It easily snaps quickly into place for use in seconds and adjusts to fit around all sizes of people. It folds into the suitcase handle or backpack harness and can be stowed away therein when not in use.

Abstract: The present invention provides a case that comprises a circular main body, the rim of which is encircled by a single wheel. The main body has a handle attached to it, for us in propelling the case along the ground. The wheel rotates relative to the main body as the case is rolled along by a user. The use of a single wheel allows for improved manoeuvrability of the case compared to other rolling luggage or cases.

Abstract: An insert for use with a conventional sports bag for organizing, carrying, drying, and storing sports gear. The insert has mesh pockets, straps for attaching clothing and equipment to the insert, and loops for suspending the insert from a hook. The insert can easily be pulled into a shape that fits into a conventional sports bag. Once inserted into the sports bag, all the pockets on the insert remain fully functional and accessible, with the openings of the large mesh pockets and the full-size mesh pocket being readily accessible from the top of the sports bag.

Abstract: A hydrokinetic torque converter with a built-in bypass clutch is provided with an arrangement which regulates the cooling of the clutch at a rate dependent upon the slip between the coaxial driving and driven parts of the clutch, and hence upon the quantity of generated friction heat. The cooling unit for the driving and/or driven part of the clutch can employ, for example, one or more pumps; a supply of a substance which changes its aggregate state from liquid to gaseous or from solid to flowable in response to heating, and vice versa in response to cooling; one or more porous washers in the path for the flow of hydraulic fluid between the customary plenum chambers provided in the housing of the torque converter to move a piston of the driven part of the clutch into and from frictional engagement with the housing; and/or a system of recesses, grooves, channels and/or other passages serving to convey fluid between the chambers at a rate which is higher or highest when the clutch operates with maximum slip.

Abstract: A torque converter comprises a pumping rotor (1), a turbine rotor (2), driven by the above and a stator (3). The turbine rotor (2) is fixed to a gearbox input shaft (7, 8). The gearbox input shaft (7, 8) forms an axial channel (9) with an initial zone (10) and an end zone (11) for a hydraulic fluid. The gearbox input shaft (7, 8) further comprises a shaft centre (7) and a shaft shell (8), surrounding the shaft centre (7), fixed to each other in a rotating sense. Shaft centre (7) and shaft shell (8) are matched to each other in such a manner that the shaft centre (7) runs radially in the shaft shell (8) with no play and the shaft centre (7) and the shaft shell (8) together form the axial channel (9).

Abstract: An overrunning clutch comprising a ratchet wheel (1) and a plurality of pawls (2) is disclosed. Each of the pawls (2) is rotationally supported on a disk member (5) by a shaft (3). The clutch is characterized by a permanent magnet (4) being fixed on the disk member (5) between the axes of the disk member (5) and the shaft (3) and facing the tail end of each pawl (2). Because each of the pawls are not driven by a spring in the clutch, the clutch could not be malfunction due to the fatigue failure of the spring in the case of frequent heavy load.

Abstract: The clutch includes a wear clip for a clutch which acts as a replaceable wear surface and wear indicator for the cylindrical housing drum of the clutch. The wear clip of the invention is a U-shaped clip that may be formed wear-resistant material, such as carbon steel or aluminum. The cylindrical housing drum of the clutch includes slots for engagement by one or more clutch disks, and a wear clip may be placed in each slot and checked at regular intervals of operation of the clutch and replaced as necessary in order to reduce abrasion of the cylindrical housing drum by the inner components of the clutch and extend the useful life of the clutch.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a clutch actuator assembly for a clutch pack wherein the clutch actuator assembly includes a lever rotatable about an axis, a drive mechanism that selectively rotates the lever about the axis, and a translating mechanism that receives input from the lever, converts the input to linear displacement, and is operably coupled to the clutch pack pressure plate to apply the linear displacement. The present invention is further directed to a clutch assembly and torque transferring mechanism having such a clutch actuator assembly.

Abstract: A friction clutch with a pressure plate 6, which is mounted nonrotatably but with freedom of axial movement in a clutch housing 5, this pressure plate 6 being actuated by a pressure spring 7 in the direction toward a clutch disk 8, which can be clamped between the pressure plate 6 and an opposing pressure plate 1. More-or-less radially pretensioned friction springs 18 of a friction damping device are installed between the pressure plate 6 and a component with respect to which the pressure plate 6 can move in the axial direction. The friction springs 18 are mounted on spacer bolts 12, which project axially from the clutch housing 5, these bolts passing through corresponding openings 23 in a diaphragm spring, which serves as the pressure spring 7, the diaphragm spring being mounted on the spacer bolts 12 in such a way that its plane can be tilted.

Abstract: The centrifugal clutch includes one or more clutch plates having a plurality of air impeller vanes to circulate air through the centrifugal clutch during its operation in order to extend the useful life of the clutch. A pressure plate includes a plurality of air impeller vanes formed by alternating raised impeller vane portions and impeller vane channels, with the weighted levers of the centrifugal clutch aligned with the raised portions of the air impeller vanes of the pressure plate. A fixed plate may also include a plurality of air impeller vanes formed on a side surface of the fixed plate by alternating raised impeller vane portions and impeller vane channels. A floating plate may also include a plurality of air impeller channels formed internally within the floating plate and having openings at the outer and inner edges of the floating plate.

Abstract: Disk (1, 11) for a force transmitting aggregate, in particular for wet disk clutch, with a core plate (2, 12) exhibiting a front side (V) and a backside (R), wherein the front side (V) and/or the backside (R) exhibits a friction lining (3v, 3r, 13v) which may be provided with grooves (4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 5c, 14a, 14b, 15a, 15b, 15c). In accordance with the invention, in the case of a friction lining with an essentially planar surface (O3v, O3r, O13v) at least one surface area (6) is provided which is raised in comparison to this planar surface (O3v, O3r, O13v) and exhibits a spring characteristic. Alternatively thereto, it is envisioned in accordance with the invention that the cross-sectional area of the lining increases or decreases in the radial direction.

Abstract: A clutch assembly for starting a vehicle without using a torque converter has a simple structure yet providing high reliability. In the clutch assembly (11, 12, 13), a clutch (10) and a damper device (121, 122) are housed in a housing (2) connected to a crank shaft of an engine. A boss (30) serving as an output member is connected to an input shaft (28) of an automatic transmission. An output of the engine is connected/disconnected to/from the input shaft (28) upon engagement/disengagement of the clutch (10). The clutch (10) includes a friction member (14) and a piston (20) fit oil tightly with the housing (2) so as to apply pressure to the friction member (14). One end of the damper device (121, 122) is connected to a clutch hub (16), and the other end is connected to the output member (30). The clutch (10) and the damper device (121, 122) are aligned on the axis of the housing (2).

Abstract: The present invention provides a vending system (1) comprising a master unit (4) and at least one service provider unit (2) connected through a network, comprising means (12) automatically configure a communication interface between said service provider unit and a client unit (7) when the latter is connected to the network. The client unit (7) typically being a mobile phone to which a vending transaction can be charged.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a device for processing monetary units such as banknotes or coins, in which the monetary unit are conveyed from an input compartment in each case to one of a plurality of output compartments as a function of predefined sorting criteria.

Abstract: A money changer management system enables an easy inventory of a money changer (1) and prevents accidents. The system includes the money changer and a management unit (3). The money changer has a cabinet (5) having a lockable door (7), a lockable change unit (25) installed in the cabinet, to hold money and dispense money of equal value in exchange for money deposited into the money changer, the held, dispensed, and deposited money being at least one of paper money and hard money, and a circulator-counter (31, 33, 35) to count the money in the change unit while once circulating the money in the change unit. The management unit manages the money in the money changer according to information about the amount of the money in the money changer and information from the circulator-counter.

Abstract: An acceptor-dispenser validator system for accepting bills, vouchers, scrip and/or currency into, and for distributing currency or a currency equivalent from, an electronic gaming machine or alternative type of customer service device is disclosed. The system includes a note acceptor-dispenser assembly to be mounted in or on the machine, the note acceptor-dispenser having a note validator to sense the authenticity, denomination, amount and type of the note passing there through and issue a signal corresponding to the note type to the acceptor-dispenser's processor and the host machine's processor for accumulation of credits. A note box is provided to receive deposited notes as is a note hopper to receive and dispense notes intended for payouts.

Abstract: A transaction system comprises multiple currency acceptors which can detect potential performance problems and send signals to a server. The server collects performance data and analyses it to determine the likelihood that common problems are caused by an external influence. The server can also analyse data from the acceptors to provide re-configuration data, for example modified measurement criteria used to classify currency articles.

Abstract: A turkey gathering machine comprising a structure that supports turkey gathering elements and conveyors for conveying the turkeys toward a loading station; the structure can move so that it can be arranged closer to the turkeys as they are gathered, without requiring the poultry to walk for long distances.

Abstract: An escalator has steps shaped (1) to negotiate curves. The steps are suitably linked (4)(5)(6), guided (3)(10) (11), contained and powered so that the escalator can rise, fall, follow a horizontal path, be straight or curved in any predetermined sequence within the design parameters. The steps remain usable in both the flow and return paths. Shields are fitted to guard against entrapment of shoes or other apparel between the moving and stationary parts. For boarding or alighting safely, straight horizontal lengths may be included with appropriate means for passengers crossing from or to a stationary floor.

Abstract: The invention concerns a machine (4) comprising a vertical mast (15), a carriage (17) mobile along said mast (17), a clamp (18) mounted on said carriage (17), means (20) for driving the carriage (17)/clamp (18) assembly along the mast, means (25, 30) for transferring the extracted articles (1) to a conveyor (5), and means for controlling the movements of the carriage (17)/clamp (18) assembly, including means (37) for detecting whether one or several articles (10) have been gripped. The invention is characterized in that the machine (4) comprises disengaging means (21) acting between said carriage (17) and said carriage driving means (20), said disengaging means (21) providing disengagement between said carriage (17) and said driving means (20) when a stress threshold exerted on the clamp (18) is exceeded, said threshold being less than the one as from which the clamp could be damaged.

Abstract: An electrically conductive belt conveyer through which objects transported can be conducted with electric power for electrical test during transportation. Conductive members are built inside the belt and formed a normally open circuit. As an object being placed on the belt, the object, the conductive members and a power supply form a closed circuit. The belt conveyer is less expensive than a conventional chain conveyor for electrical test.

Abstract: A conveying arrangement for processing printed products, comprising a conveying section, a plurality of deposit trays on which the printed products are transported along the conveying section, the conveying section having an intake area where the printed products are fed to the deposit trays and a delivery area at an end region of the conveying section where the printed products are removed from the deposit trays, and a control mechanism for controlling a distance between respectively adjacent deposit trays in the intake area based on a thickness of the printed products.

Abstract: A board turner (1, 31) is intended for use on a conveyor (3) for transporting large volumes of boards. The conveyor (3) defines a plane for carrying boards (14) and the board turner (1, 31) has a rotation unit (4) and a gripping unit (7) mounted on the rotation unit (4). The gripping unit (7) has an open position and a closed position and is switchable between these positions in response to a signal from a sensor. In the open position, the gripping unit (7) rotates past the carrying plane without making contact with the synchronously arriving board (14). A signal from the sensor switches the gripping unit (7) between the open position and the closed position while the gripping unit (7) grips two opposite surfaces of a sideways extending part of the board (14) and continues to rotate above the belt conveyor (3) in order to turn the board (14) in this way.

Abstract: A method ad an apparatus is disclosed for providing a correct orientation of articles prior to introduction on a main conveyor in order to provide articles from tipping over or even fall off the conveyor during conveyance. The dimensions of the articles in the cross-section perpendicular to the transport direction are measured and it is determined whether to tilt the article by means of a tilt device comprising two belt conveyors arranged perpendicularly and being tiltable about an axis parallel to the transport direction. Furthermore, a conveyor is disclosed, comprising a device, for discharging articles from trays conveyed on the conveyor in which a discharge conveyor unit holding the tray is shifted to the side and tilted while the trays is kept in place so as to discharge the article thereon, when simultaneously a second conveyor unit is shifted into the conveying path so that the path is unbroken and allows for passage of trays during the discharge operation.

Abstract: An arrangement for conveying an anode plate from one location to another, whereby said arrangement comprises gripping elements attached to a conveyor for gripping a plate-like piece. Elements are attached to the gripping element connection for the correction, at least partial, of any possible positional error of the anode to be transferred.

Abstract: Sweepout apparatus (10) for sweeping an aligned array of glass containers (C) from a deadplate (12) of a I.S. glass container forming machine to a machine (14) that runs transversely to the array of containers on the deadplate and serves to transfer the containers for further processing. The apparatus comprises a swivel portion (16 or 116) that is oscillatable in an arc of approximately 90° and a head (18) that is carried by the swivel portion and is reciprocable relative thereto, the head carrying an elongated bar (20) with a spaced plurality of pocket-defining fingers (22) that extend from the bar. The sweepout further comprises independently operatable first and second coaxial reversible electrical motors (30, 28), an output shaft (32) of the second electric motor (28) passing through an annular output shaft (56) of the first electric motor (30). Reversible motion imparted to the annular output shaft of the first electric motor causes oscillating motion of the swivel portion of the sweepout apparatus.

Abstract: The invention provides an elevator for separating and distributing a plurality of whole freshly harvested tobacco leaves including clumps of agglomerated tobacco leaves. The elevator has an inclined frame longitudinally extending between a lower end and an upper end, an endless conveyor, and a declumper. The frame carries deck portions extending substantially between the lower end and the upper end. The conveyor is adapted to travel over the deck portions in an upward direction and under the deck portions in a downward direction. The conveyor is also adapted to carry the tobacco leaves to the upper end and discharge the tobacco leaves from the upper end. Also, the elevator includes a declumper adapted to buffet the clumps of tobacco leaves to separate the whole tobacco leaves in the clumps from each other.

Abstract: A system and method for grouping products for packaging, including a metering station in which a line of products is engaged by a series of metering lugs. The metering lugs urge the products into off-set positions to form multiple lanes of products. Selected ones of the products are then engaged by a series of selector lugs at a selector station to urge the products together to form product groups for packaging.

Abstract: A transfer system comprised of an air conveyor, a servo conveyor, and a fan feeder. In a typical configuration, the air conveyor is located at a first location where it receives packaged articles from a bagger system or a conveyor system. The servo conveyor abuts the air conveyor and extends to a second location adjacent to a destination point. The fan feeder is located adjacent to the servo conveyor at an end opposite the air conveyor. The fan feeder lies over a bucket conveyor for a cartoner system.

Abstract: A takeout device (10) for transferring one or more, usually a plurality, of freshly-formed glass containers (C) from molds (18) of a section of an I.S. machine to a deadplate (20) of the machine. The takeout device has an oscillatable arm (12) that carries a head (14) from which a tong (16) for each of the containers is suspended. Oscillation of the arm is powered by a reversible, linearly-acting electrical motor (24), preferably an a.c. servo motor, that causes a rack (28) to reciprocate. The rack drives an oscillatable gear (34) that oscillatingly drives the arm. The motor is mounted at the top of a post (30) at an elevation above the elevations of the molds and the deadplate, and the motor, therefore, is readily accessible for maintenance and adjustment.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for conveying rod-shaped articles in the tobacco-processing industry, wherein a holding vacuum is used to hold the articles on a conveying drum. For removal of an article, in a transfer region to a removal drum, the holding vacuum at the conveying drum is stopped for the removal and a holding vacuum is applied to the removal drum.

Abstract: A conveyor chain link includes a block link and at least one longitudinal plate. The plate has one end pivotally fixed to the block link and a second end pivotally linkable to a block link of an adjacent conveyor chain link. At least one vertical roller is detachably fixed to the block link for supporting the link in a track. In one embodiment, the chain link includes a sweeper extending from the at least one plate, wherein the sweeper urges debris along the track as the link passes through the track.

Abstract: A link for connecting an upstream and a downstream multi-turret processing machines, a method for linking an upstream and a downstream multi-processing machines, and a multi-turret processing, the link comprising: a base; a bridge disposed on the base and forming a cross-piece for a T to the base to allow connection on one end of the cross-piece to a base of an upstream multi-turret processing machine and to allow connection at the opposite end of the cross-piece to a base of a downstream multi-turret processing machine, the bridge having a center aperture, an upstream aperture on an upstream side of the center aperture, and a downstream aperture on a downstream side of the center aperture opposite to the upstream side, the three apertures for holding a last existing upstream turret on the upstream multi-turret processing machine in the upstream aperture, for holding a link processing turret in the center aperture, and for holding a first existing downstream turret in the downstream multi-turret processing ma

Abstract: A modular and removable track placed on the ground, comprising a succession of panels (1), supplied with at least one longitudinal guiding groove (2) by means of which to allow at least one beak (3), tightly connected to the load (4) to be dragged, to penetrate inside it, to interact with the series of towing means (6), one for each panel (1), and to be guided in running along the track; each towing means (6) being constituted of a longitudinal ring like element (7), stretched between two spools (8) and (9) and furnished with dragging means (10), of at least one switch (11) and of the motor (12) connected to one of the said spools and activated/deactivated by said switch. Each panel (1) furthermore comprises at least the ducts (13) and (19) for the connections of said switch (11) to said motor (12) and with the fluid dynamic circuit (14, 15) connected at the start of the track with a primary motor, through which at least one motor (12) is activated in one of the panels (1) of the said track.

Abstract: The invention provides an improved live roller conveyor system for preventing damage to conveyed cases of goods when stopped upon live rollers. In an embodiment of the invention, a live roller comprises a drive shaft with a plurality of roller members rotatably affixed thereto. One or more bushings are provided between an inner surface of each roller member and an outer surface of said drive shaft. When a conveyed case is stopped along the conveyor, for example, during case layer formation for loading onto a pallet, the rollers underneath the case stop rotating relative to the drive shaft due to slippage between the bushings and drive shaft.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a belt guidance unit for centring a conveyor belt, which during operation is susceptible to lateral displacement away from a neutral position in its longitudinal direction. According to the invention the belt guidance unit can be employed on conveyor belts that move in one direction as well as in two opposite directions with only very slight alterations and the basic constructional features of the belt guidance unit are substantially identical in the two operational situations.

Abstract: A chain link (10) of a curved conveyor chain has been proposed, which has a carrying device (12) for transport material. A head part (24) disposed under the carrying device (12) has a lateral bore (40) for a pin (48) of a first adjacent chain link (10). The head part (24) is adjoined by a fork-shaped section (26) with two legs (44), which encompass the head part (24) of a second adjacent chain link (10). The legs (44) and contain lateral bores (46). A pin (48) is also provided, which is contained in the lateral bores (46) of the legs (44) and in the head part (24) of the second adjacent chain link (10). Projections (52) protrude from the legs (44) and are designed to be guided in a guide profile and driven by means of a driving wheel. The object of the invention is to produce a chain link (10), which permits a favorable introduction of force.

Abstract: Rotary support bodies which support both ends of a rod penetrating a manipulating knob body are formed by joining a first rotary support member which is arranged at one side of the manipulating knob body and supports one end of the rod and a second rotary support member which is arranged at another side of the manipulating knob body and supports another end of the rod, and one end of the rod is fixed to the second rotary support member, and another end of the rod is engaged with the first rotary support member. Accordingly, a manipulating knob can be mounted on a casing in a state the manipulating knob is mounted on the rotary support body.

Abstract: A micromechanical switch formed on the top of a fabrication substrate, by deposition of a stressed material which flexes either toward or away from the substrate surface in order to relieve the stress in the material. The switch operates by magnetostatic interaction with an adjacent magnetic core, which draws a portion of the switch toward core. The switch is equipped with conducting bridges which connect a set of input leads with a set of output leads, depending on the orientation of the switch. The switch is sealed during fabrication by an adjacent capping wafer, with electrical access to the switch provided by vias etched through the thickness of the fabrication substrate. Connection to the sealed unit can therefore be made by ball bonding, or other suitable contact methods, to the underside of the fabrication substrate.