Abstract: An output compensating device capable of optimally compensating output signals of an image sensor composed of a number of light-sensor circuits, each of which represents a unit pixel and is capable of producing in a photoelectric converting element a sensor current proportional to a quantity of light falling thereon, converting the current into a voltage signal by a MOS type transistor with a logarithmic output characteristic in a weak inverse state, initializing itself by removing a charge accumulated in a parasitic capacitor of the photoelectric converting element by changing a drain voltage of the transistor to a value lower than a normal value for a specified time and outputting a pixel signal having a logarithmic characteristic at a large quantity of the sensor current and a pixel signal having a non-logarithmic characteristic at a small quantity of the sensor current.

Abstract: A solid state imager with pixels arranged in columns and rows has the pixels are configured into groups of at least a first pixel and a second pixel, each said group sharing a pixel output transistor having a sense electrode and an output electrode and a reset transistor having a gate coupled to receive a reset signal and an output coupled to the sense electrode of the associated shared pixel output transistor. Each of the pixels has a photosensitive element whose output electrode is coupled to the sense electrode of the shared pixel output transistor and a gate electrode coupled to receive respective first and second pixel gating signals. This configuration reduces the number of FETs to two transistors for each pair of pixels, and also can achieve true correlated double sampling correction of FPN.

Abstract: An automatic vehicle headlamp dimming system which includes an optical system and an imaging processing system. The optical system is configured to discriminate between headlamps and tail lamps, and focus the light rays from the headlamps and tail lamps on different portions of a pixel sensor array. The optical system as well as the image processing system provides for relatively increased discrimination of headlamps and tail lamps of other vehicles and also enables the high beam headlamps of the control vehicle to be controlled as a function of the distance as well as horizontal angular position of other vehicles relative to the controlled vehicle.

Abstract: A photomultiplier eliminates the reflection of light off of focusing pieces in a focusing electrode and prevents the photocathode from emitting useless electrons in response to such reflected light by including an oxide film formed over the surface of each focusing piece. The oxide film is also formed on the surface of secondary electron emission pieces in the first and second stage dynodes to eliminate the reflection of light off of the secondary electron emission pieces and to prevent the photocathode from emitting useless electrons in response to such reflected light. Further, a light-absorbing glass partitioning part is provided in a light-receiving faceplate to suppress crosstalk between channels.

Abstract: An optical sensing head, which is for reading out an optical data memory, has a substrate with a main surface. An edge-emitting laser component is configured on the main surface of the substrate and has irradiation axis oriented essentially parallel to the first main plane. A deflection device is arranged on the main surface of the substrate and deflects the laser radiation in a direction that is essentially perpendicular to the main surface. At least one signal detector is provided for sensing the laser radiation that is reflected by the optical data memory. An optical element guides the deflected laser radiation to the optical data memory and guides reflected laser radiation to the signal detector. The optical element is connected to the substrate by at least one supporting element. The invention also includes a method for fabricating such a sensing head.

Abstract: A passive optical marker for use in accordance with an electronic whiteboard system that selectively allows a reflector associated with the optical marker to be exposed to a light emitting source. Thus, the optical marker of the present invention selectively provides information pertaining to the location of the optical marker and pen-up/pen-down states.

Abstract: A vibration switch includes an optoelectronic sensor member with light emitting and receiving units disposed in an insulating housing. A light-transmission rollable member is received in the housing, is disposed on a light beam route confined by the emitting and receiving units, and is movable between a rest position, where the rollable member interferes with a light beam emitted from the emitting unit such that the resultant light beam received by the receiving unit has a first light intensity, and a liable position, where, due to a jerking force acting on the housing, the resultant light beam has a second light intensity which differs from the first light intensity by a predetermined quantity such that an actuator can be actuated to put electric contact terminals in one of switch-on and switch-off states.

Abstract: The present invention teaches a method and apparatus for making measurement of an object on a machine, such as a machine tool, using an optical measuring apparatus which includes a light source for generating a beam of light which is incident on a detector. A detection signal is generated within the detector each time the beam is interrupted. The duration and/or frequency of the detection signals are evaluated and an output signal is emitted from the detection only if a further detection signal is present within the detector in a specified time interval from the generation of an earlier detection signal.

Abstract: A heat sink containing a woolen material is provided for a band-pass filter in a curing lamp. Light having a particular wavelength(s) is transmitted through the band-pass filter and into the heat sink whereas light having other wavelengths is reflected by the band-pass filter. The heat sink absorbs the light transmitted through the band-pass filter and dissipates the heat associated therewith.

Abstract: A vehicle interior rearview mirror assembly comprises a housing having a front end releasably attached to the interior surface of the vehicle windshield and a rear end having a ball and socket joint for a rearview mirror unit. An internal wall subdivides the interior of the housing into first and second compartments. The first compartment contains a rain sensor which is preferably biased into contact with the windshield, and the second compartment contains a further electrical component such as a compass sensor accessible through a side opening. A removable cover mates with the housing around the opening and extends along the windshield towards the vehicle header. Electrical leads for the rain sensor and the component are routed under the cover to the header.

Abstract: The invention provides a noise suppression phantom power optical microphone system having an optical microphone consisting of a light source having an input terminal, a membrane and a photodetector having an output terminal, the system including a signal amplifier connectable to the output terminal of the photodetector; a processing amplifier connected to the output of the signal amplifier for providing high amplification to relatively weak input signals and low amplification to relatively strong input signals; a first circuit connecting the input terminal of the light source to a phantom power source; a second circuit connecting the output of the signal amplifier to the first circuit, and a third circuit connecting the output of the processing amplifier to the first circuit.

Abstract: Many commercial radiant energy processing systems, such as luminaires and light detectors, require highly efficient diffusely reflective surfaces that can withstand high temperatures. As disclosed herein, a reflector for such a device is constructed of a substrate with a reflective coating, for example painted onto one or more surfaces of the substrate. The coating material comprises a zinc oxide pigment, preferably an uncalcined zinc oxide together with a small amount of a dispersing agent. The pigment and water are mixed together with an alkali metal silicate vehicle-binder (preferably a potassium silicate), for example, in a sheer mixer. The resulting material can be painted onto the desired surface, for example by spraying, spot-brushing or dipping.

Abstract: A method for calibrating automatic infrared sensing devices having control modules, an IR detector, and an IR emitter by using a select infrared emitter/detector pair to calibrate a plurality of control modules wherein an appropriate infrared emitter input value to the select infrared emitter is obtained to provide a given output from the select infrared detector in response to infrared radiation reflected from a known test object, and the appropriate infrared emitter input value is then determined and stored permanently in one or more control modules as a calibration standard.

Abstract: Methods of analyzing formation fluids in an oilfield environment are near-infrared absorption spectroscopy. Indications of near-infrared absorptions are analyzed to determine the concentration of compounds in a formation fluid sample.

Abstract: There is provided an analyzer system capable of easily improving the efficiency of a charge reduction due to ion/ion reactions. A mass spectrometer system includes: a first ion source for ionizing a sample to be measured; a second ion source for producing ions of a polarity reversed from that of the ions produced in said first ion source; an ion deflector for introducing and deflecting the ions of said first and second ion sources; an ion-trap mass spectrometer including a ring electrode and a pair of endcap electrodes; and a detector for detecting the ions ejected from the mass spectrometer, wherein the ions from said first and second ion sources are introduced together through the ion deflector into the ion-trap mass spectrometer; the ions from the two ion sources are mixed in the ion-trap mass spectrometer; and in that the ions are then detected in the detector.

Abstract: A balanced momentum probe holder in an apparatus for characterizing a sample surface has first and second members each having extensible and retractable distal ends. The distal ends extend or retract substantially simultaneously in response to a signal from a detector thus balancing the momentums of the first and second members and reducing the net momentum of the probe holder to essentially zero. Balancing the momentum of the probe holder reduces parasitic oscillations in the apparatus thus enhancing performance.

Abstract: A method for determining a surface charge state of a semiconductor wafer process surface including providing a semiconductor wafer having a process surface including patterned semiconductor features; positioning the semiconductor wafer in a scanning electron microscope (SEM) for imaging at least a portion of the process surface; adjusting an electron beam condition to produce an image of the at least a portion of the process surface including an electron beam Voltage; and, determining a Voltage present in the at least a portion of the process surface to determine a surface charge state of the process surface.

Abstract: Verification of properness of a modeling theory of an uncrystallized substance or an image processing method is made easy. There includes: a first displaying unit 120 for rotationally displaying an simulated three-dimensionally shaded model image, which is a shaded image of the three-dimensional reconstruction image; and a second displaying unit 140 for displaying the three-dimensional image of the substance acquired by experimental structural analysis, which synchronously rotates with the simulated three-dimensionally shaded model image.

Abstract: A plastic identifying apparatus of the present invention is provided with a sampling unit (2) that samples a test piece (1) from an item to be identified that contains plastic; an identifying unit (3) provided with a detection unit (4) that identifies a type of plastic contained in the test piece (1); and a supply unit (5) that supplies the test piece (1) from the sampling unit (2) to the detection unit (4). With this plastic identifying apparatus, it is possible to realize a plastic identifying method of the present invention, and to identify the types of plastics contained in items to be identified with good accuracy, and continuously, regardless of the size of the items.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the analysis of the qualitative and/or quantitative composition of fluids with at least one light source, one interaction space area in which the light interacts with the fluid, and one detection device for detecting the interaction between the fluid and the light. The device and the method are characterised in that a photonic the gap structure is provided creating a greater reduced group velocity in the interaction space area and thus an increased dwell time for the light in the interaction space area. This means that the interaction space area can be considerably reduced in size, which allows a compact design of the device.

Abstract: In a method of restoring phase information, the estimated accuracy of phase is enhanced by correcting blue amount, which is caused by a focal size of a radiation source, in X-ray intensity to be used in a solving method such as the finite-element method. The method includes the steps of: (a) correcting blur amount for at least one of plural sets of detection data obtained by detecting intensity of radiation on plural detection planes at different distances from the object; (b) obtaining differential data representing difference between the plural sets of detection data where the blur amount has been corrected for at least one thereof; (c) obtaining Laplacian of phase on the basis of the differential data and the detection data; and (d) obtaining phase data of the radiation by performing inverse Laplacian computation on the Laplacian of phase.

Abstract: A scintillator is made of a Group III nitride compound semiconductor layer.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for on-line DOI rebinning for LSO PET/SPECT to improve spatial resolution, for use in a hybrid Positron Emission Tomography (PET)/Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) system running in PET-mode. Data acquisition hardware is used to feed a detector pair coincidence event stream to an online rebinner. Gamma centroid location measurements are made by rastering assumed transaxial and radial head positions and the corresponding rebinning maps for optimal back-projected image resolution. Optimal positions are found by collecting a 64-bit list mode file, assuming a crystal position as the centroid for each of the heads, defining a sequence for varying the assumed positions, making the rebinning look-up tables, rebinning the list mode data, histogramming and reconstructing the image, assessing the image resolution, recording the best resolution number and the associated trial position variables, repeating these on the next trial variable set.

Abstract: A beam adjusting sample having a flat surface being like a plate and having two edges orthogonal to each other is employed. A beam is applied to the beam adjusting sample to detect an amount of the beam passing through the beam adjusting sample. The beam vertically scans the two edges.

Abstract: A bismuth-213 generator comprising an insoluble composition having the general formula Zr(Phosponate)x(HPO4)2−x.nH2O, wherein x is between 0 and 2; and n is the number of waters of hydration; and wherein cations of radioactive isotopes selected from radium, actinium and combinations thereof are immobilized on the composition. The value of x may be between about 0.2 and about 1. The phosphonate may be n-phosphonomethyl-miniodiacetic acid (PMIDA), wherein x may be between about 0.1 and about 1.9. The phosphonate may be one or more phosphonate having the formula: H2O3P—(CH2)a-N—((CH2)bCO2H)—((CH2)cCO2H), wherein a, b, and c are numbers from 1 to 3 that may or may not be equal. The value of x may also be between about 0.1 and 1.9.

Abstract: A radiation source module comprising a support member, a radiation source assembly connected to the support member, the radiation source assembly comprising at least one elongate radiation source having a source longitudinal axis and a module-to-surface seal disposed on a first elongate surface of the module, the first elongate surface comprising a first longitudinal axis transverse to the source longitudinal axis, the seal operable to provide a substantially fluid tight seal between the first surface and a second surface which is adjacent to the first surface. A fluid treatment system employ the radiation source module is also described.

Abstract: A radiographic image conversion panel including a support; and at least one photostimulable phosphor layer provided on the support. The layer has a film thickness of 50 &mgr;m to 1 mm, and has not less than two luminescence wavelength peaks between 350 nm and 450 nm.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to obtain an image which is focused on all portions of a sample and to provide a charged particle beam apparatus capable of obtaining a two-dimensional image which has no blurred part over an entire sample. In order to achieve the above object, the present invention comprises means for changing a focus of a charged particle beam emitted from a charged particle source, a charged particle detector for detecting charged particles obtained at a portion of said sample irradiated with the charged particle beam, and means for composing a two-dimensional image of the sample as viewed from a direction of said charged particle beam source, based on signals on which said charged particle beam is focused, said signals being among signals output from the charged particle detector.

Abstract: A maskiess lithography system is disclosed that includes an array of blazed diffractive zone plates, each of which focuses an energy beam into an array of images in order to create a permanent pattern on an adjacent substrate in certain embodiments. In further embodiments, an array of apodized diffractive elements may also be used.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus for generating, extracting and selecting ions used in a heavy ion cancer therapy facility. The apparatus comprises an independent first (ECRIS 1) and an independent second electron cyclotron resonance ion source (ECRIS 2) for generating heavy and light ions, respectively. Further is enclosed downstream of spectrometer magnet (SP1, SP2) for selecting heavy ion species of one isotopic configuration positioned downstream of each ion source (ECRIS 1, ECRIS 2): a magnetic quadrupole triplet (QT1, QT2) positioned downstream of each spectrometer magnet (SP1, SP2); a switching magnet (SM) for switching between high-LET ion species and low-LET ion species of said two independent first and second ion source.

Abstract: A power supply for applying a voltage to a scanning electromagnet for deflecting a charged particle beam has a first power supply unit having no filter and a second power supply unit having a filter. When an irradiation position of the charged particle beam in an irradiation object is moved, the first power supply unit, namely a power supply unit having no filter, is used to apply the voltage to the scanning electromagnet, so that an exciting current flowing in the scanning electromagnet can be changed in a short time. Further, when the irradiation position of the charged particle beam is maintained, the second power supply is used to apply a voltage whose pulsating component was removed to the scanning electromagnet, so that the exciting current flowing in the scanning electromagnet can be controlled precisely. Consequently, the charged particle beam can be applied uniformly to the irradiation object and an irradiation time of the charged particle beam to the irradiation object can be curtailed.

Abstract: An electron beam pattern generator comprises a laser beam generator to generate a laser beam. A photocathode receives the laser beam and generates one or more electron beams. The photocathode comprises cesium halide material, such as for example, cesium bromide or iodide. The cesium halide material may have a decreased workfunction that allows efficient operation at a wavelength of the laser beam of at least about 200 nm. Electron optics are provided to focus the electron beams onto a substrate that is supported on a substrate support.

Abstract: A device for determining the position of a scraper which is displaceable for the transport of coating material in a supply path of thereof, the coating material comprises a sensor responding to the presence of the scraper. This sensor is accommodated in a separate measuring head, which contains an inner, self-sufficient current source and a circuit arrangement which generates an electric output signal indicating presence or absence of the scraper on the sensor. The information in this output signal is conducted by means of a device, which manages without galvanic connection, preferably via an optical waveguide, to an evaluation circuit, electrically insulated at a distance from the measuring head and which generates an electric output signal used for controlling other parts of the plant. A device of this kind can also be used for detecting scrapers where, as frequently in electrostatically operating coating plants, the sensor has to be attached at a point located at high electric potential.

Abstract: A shock detector for an optical disc recorder and method for controlling the recording using a shock signal. The shock detector includes a first detecting unit for detecting the amplitude of a first kind of reference signal passing through a band-pass filter and outputting a first detecting signal, a second detecting unit for detecting the level of a second kind of reference signal and outputting a second detecting signal, a third detecting unit for detecting the revolution of a third kind of reference signal and outputting a third detecting signal, and a judging unit for receiving the first detecting signal, the second detecting signal and the third detecting signal, and enabling a shock signal when the first detecting signal, the second detecting signal and the third detecting signal are simultaneously enabled. Therefore, the shock detector does not need an additional shock sensor.

Abstract: A valve for controlling fluids includes a valve housing in which an actuator chamber is embodied, in which chamber a piezoelectric actuator module for actuating a valve member that is axially displaceable in a valve body is disposed, which valve member has an adjusting piston upon which the actuator module acts and also has an actuating piston which is operatively connected to the adjusting piston via a hydraulic coupler and which is in contact with a valve closing member, disposed in a valve chamber, that cooperates with at least one valve seat and downstream thereof a diversion conduit branches off. An axially acting first prestressing spring engages the actuator module, and the adjusting piston is loaded in the direction of the actuator module.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a valve, especially for slip-controlled brake systems in automotive vehicles, with a valve tappet (4) guided in a valve housing (5) and including a valve closure member (6), with a valve seat (7) facing the valve closure member (6), and with a piezoelectric element (1) for actuating the valve closure member (6). A first and a second force transmission element (2, 3) is arranged between the piezoelectric element (1) and the valve tappet (4), wherein the first force transmission element (2) is made of a high-strength material that elastically deforms the second force transmission element (3) in the direction of the valve in the direction of the valve tappet (4) when the piezoelectric element (1) is activated electrically.

Abstract: 1.

Abstract: A faucet comprises a valve body having a bore, an inlet port and an outlet port. A plunger is disposed in the valve body and is reciprocated in the bore. The inlet port opens into a fluid passage adapted for connection to a pressurized source, and the outlet port opens into a dispensing spigot adapted to discharge materials from the faucet. A handle having a pivotal lever is disposed in the valve body and engages the plunger to reciprocate longitudinally through the bore. A plug is mounted on the plunger and has axial and radial sealing surfaces. The plug is forced against the axial valve seat when the valve is closed to deform in both axial and radial directions.

Abstract: The intention of a throttle-valve assembly (10) having a housing (12), which has a continuous throttle opening (16) through which a gaseous medium (62) can flow in a main flow direction (60), in which a throttle valve (20) fastened pivotably on a throttle-valve shaft (18) is arranged in the throttle opening (16), and the throttle-valve shaft (18) can be pivoted by an actuator (26) arranged in the housing (12), in which, starting from the axis of rotation (19) of the throttle-valve shaft (18) downstream along the main flow direction (60) of the gaseous medium (62), the throttle opening (16) has an approximately straight cylinder section (64) with a height H1 and a radius RZ and in which a spherical-cap section (68) adjoins the approximately straight cylinder section (64), is to reliably ensure a finely graduated control of the gaseous medium (62) passing through the throttle opening (16) during operation of the throttle-valve assembly (10).

Abstract: A ball valve assembly having two end bodies selectively detachable from each other with each end body defining a fluid conveying bore is provided. A rotatable ball valve element is disposed within the end bodies and defines a central passage having an axis, with the rotatable ball valve element having an open position in which the central passage is aligned with the fluid conveying bores and a closed position in which the passage is not aligned with the fluid conveying bores. The ball valve assembly also includes a pair of seals, with a seal disposed in each end body and in selective abutting engagement with the rotatable ball valve element. The structure of the rotatable ball valve element is controlled such that the ball valve assembly is assembled with the ball in an open position, thereby substantially eliminating the significant force normally required for assembly of the ball valve assembly.

Abstract: Provided is magnetic ferrite powder in which a peak intensity ratio of Z phase (M3Me2Fe24O41: M=one or more kinds of alkaline-earth metal, Me=one or more kinds from Co, Ni, Mn, Zn, Mg and Cu) of hexagonal ferrite is 30% or higher in X-ray diffraction and a peak value of a grain size distribution is in a range from 0.1 &mgr;m to 3 &mgr;m.

Abstract: The present invention relates to refrigerants generally, and more specifically to nonflammable, nonozone depleting, mixtures of refrigerants that may be substituted for HCFC-22, R-407C, R-417A, R-502, R-500, CFC-12, R-404A, HFC-134a, and others, and is usable in mineral oil systems. Among the most preferred embodiments of the present invention are mixtures that are substitutes for these refrigerants, comprising about 1 to 85 weight percent R-125, and about 1 to 80 weight percent R-134a, and about 0 to 12 weight percent of R-1270, R-290 or a mixture thereof, and about 1 to 15 weight percent R-E170 and about 0 to 20 weight percent R-227ea, with the weight percentages of the components being weight percentages of the overall mixture.

Abstract: A polyol composition comprising a high concentration of ethylene oxide having a functionality of from about 2 to about 8, preferably 2; a polyisocyanurate composition having an isocyanate index of from about 180 to about 450 and comprising the reaction product of a polyisocyanate and the polyol composition; a rigid polyisocyanurate foam comprising the polyisocyanurate composition; and a process for making a polyisocyanurate foam which comprises reacting a polyisocyanate with the polyol composition in the presence of a trimerization catalyst.

Abstract: An effective corrosion inhibiting polymer composition including an interceptor for an acid gas combined with known VCI ingredients produces a more effective VCI than the prior art composition. The composition in macrogranular form may be held in a receptacle which is sealed in a container in which ferrous articles are protected. When the composition, greatly diluted is injection- or blow-molded or extruded as film which contains more than 100 ppm of a 2,4-6-tri-substituted phenol and uniformly dispersed small amounts of solid micron-sized particles of interceptor, an alkali metal nitrite and a solid adjuvant to aid in dispersing the solid particles, the film is transparent and has a smooth surface.

Abstract: The present invention relates to electrically conductive elastomers comprising (A) an intrinsically conducting polymer, and (B) a block copolymer comprising one or more polydiorganosiloxane and one or more polyether block(s).

Abstract: A solder paste comprising a powder of a Zn-containing Sn-based, lead-free solder mixed with an activator-containing rosin-based flux to which 0.5-10.0 wt % of isocyanuric acid or a haloalkyl ester thereof is added can prevent the formation of solder balls and voids during reflow soldering and exhibit good solderability. A solder paste comprising a powder of an Ag- or Zn-containing Sn-based, lead-free solder mixed with an activator-containing rosin-based flux to which 0.01-10.0 wt % of a salicylamide compound also does not exhibit a change in viscosity and exhibits good solderability.

Abstract: In one aspect, the present invention provides a dielectric fluid for use in electrical equipment comprising a vegetable oil or vegetable oil blend. In another aspect the invention provides devices for generating and distributing electrical energy that incorporate a dielectric fluid comprising a vegetable oil or vegetable oil blend. Methods of retrofilling electrical equipment with vegetable oil based dielectric fluids also are provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides a disazo compound of the formula (I) or a salt thereof 1

Abstract: A multilayer film which comprises a first layer comprising a polyethylene-2,6-naphthalene dicarboxylate and a second layer comprising a thermoplastic resin having a lower refractive index than the polyethylene-2,6-naphthalene dicarboxylate constituting the first layer, wherein:

Abstract: Disclosed is a prying tool having a head portion and a handle portion. The handle portion can be positioned relative to an angle of the head portion. Additionally, in some embodiments, the handle portion can be separated from the head portion. Embodiments of the invention also include a tool head having an aperture with a predetermined shape that can be mated with a projection from a handle. The predetermined shape of the aperture and projection allows the handle to be attached to the removable head in a variety of positions.