Abstract: A remote control holder system that includes an ornamental remote control cover that is detachably connectable to a corresponding base. The remote control cover resembles a surfboard and the base resembles a breaking wave so as to visually convey the practice of channel surfing.

Abstract: There is described a device for suspending an object from the surface of a support, that comprises a first leg adapted to abut the support surface, and a second leg being connected to the first leg so that the first leg is oriented at an angle with respect to the second leg. A hook is connected to the first leg and is adapted to be releasably attached to the object and, when the first leg is disposed on the support surface, the hook lies beneath the first leg, so that the weight of the object exerts a force on the first leg toward the support surface.

Abstract: A seat slide device for a vehicle is provided which comprises a lower rail, an upper rail and a lock mechanism for releasably locking the upper rail to the lower rail. The lock mechanism includes one or more locking fingers pivotally installed on an upper rail side, a plurality of engaged portions provided to a lower rail side, and a biasing unit for urging the one or more locking fingers in the direction to engage a corresponding number of the engaged portions. The one or more locking fingers and the biasing unit are disposed within a space between the upper rail and the lower rail. The lock mechanism further includes a lock plate having the engagement portions. The lock plate is an independent part, disposed within the space and secured to the lower rail.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for detecting an electrostatic charge on a flat panel imager pixel array. In one embodiment, the apparatus includes an insulator layer and a flat panel pixel array coupled to a bottom surface of the insulator layer. Each pixel of the pixel array has a storage capacitance, and an electrostatic charge corresponding to a voltage applied through an electrode coupled to a top surface of the insulating layer may be detected from each storage capacitance.

Abstract: The present invention provides the photodetector comprising a lower cladding layer including a n-type doped region, an absorbing layer, an upper cladding layer including a p-type doped region, and ohmic electrodes connected to said lower cladding layer and said upper cladding layer, wherein said p-type doped region extends to be formed into said absorbing layer by a predetermined length.

Abstract: In a solid-state image pickup device having a charge transfer electrode of multilayer electrode structure, a plurality of polycrystalline silicon electrode layers are formed; a sidewall dielectric film is interposed between sidewalls of the electrodes; and a silicide film is formed on the surface of a polycrystalline silicon film exposed from the sidewall dielectric film in a self-aligned manner.

Abstract: A charge generated in response to the quantity of the incident light into the photodiodes PD is accumulated in an integrating capacitor of an integrating circuit 10, and a voltage V10 in response to the quantity of the accumulated charge is outputted. The voltage V10 is inputted into a comparison circuit 20 and is compared with a prescribed threshold voltage therein. When the inputted voltage reaches the threshold voltage, a saturation signal F1 showing the same is outputted. A certain quantity of charge whose polarity is inverse to that of the charge accumulated in the integrating capacitor of the integrating circuit 10 is injected into the integrating n capacitor by the charge injecting circuit 30 on the basis of the saturation signal.

Abstract: A method and for acquiring interferogram data and a Fourier transform spectrometer, including a detector that provides an output signal that exhibits non-linear distortion in a measured interferogram represented by a power series Im=a1I+a2I2+a3I3+ . . . , comprising the steps of representing a measured spectrum as Sm=a1 S+a2(S*S)+a3 (S*S*S)+b3 (S*S*S*S)+ . . . where S is the spectrum of the linear interferogram and * indicates convolution, expressing a linear interferogram I as a power series of a measured interferogram Im as in I=b1Im+b2Im2+b3Im3+ . . . , expressing the linear spectrum as a power series of the spectra of the interferogram powers S=b1S1+b2S2+b3S3 . . . , and obtaining the coefficients bi where S=0.

Abstract: A radial power feedback sensor senses the power output of a fiber optic bundle. The fiber optic bundle is arranged generally radially about an axis to carry radiative energy produced by a laser. A spacer is positioned within the fiber optic bundle such that the fiber optic bundle generally surrounds the spacer. The spacer serves to enable the radiative energy to pass therethrough. A photo detector is then disposed adjacent the spacer and is operable to output a signal in response to a measured intensity of the radiative energy passing through the spacer. Accordingly, due to the surrounding of the fiber optic bundle around the photo detector, a greater number of individual photo optic lines are exposed to the photo detector, thereby decreasing the variance between the measure output and the true output of the laser.

Abstract: An apparatus for measurement of strain in a material. The apparatus comprises a passive fiber optic ring; at least one sensor having a predetermined shape and in line with the fiber optic ring, the at least one sensor coupled to the substrate; coupling means for i) introducing a portion of radiation emitted by the coherent source to the passive fiber optic ring and ii) receiving a portion of the radiation resonant in the passive fiber optic ring; a detector for detecting a level of the radiation received by the coupling means and generating a signal responsive thereto; and a processor coupled to the detector for determining a level of the strain inducing into the substrate based on a rate of decay of the signal generated by the detector.

Abstract: A motion encoder for use with a rotating key. The motion encoder allows the direction of rotation to be determined by providing elements having different characteristics for the transmission of a IR beam. These elements are arranged in a pattern that allows an IR beam impinging on the elements to trace a path detected as the rotating key turns. The beam being detected after changes in the reflected or transmitted beam indicating the direction of rotation of the beam.

Abstract: An optical displacement sensor includes a source of optical radiation, a two-dimensional array of radiation detectors, and at least one modulating element disposed between the source and detector. The modulating element has alternating first and second modulating regions circumferentially spaced around a central axis thereof. The modulating element is displaceable relative to the array of detectors so that the detector array forms a two-dimensional image of the first and second regions of the modulating element of the array. A data processor is connected to the detector array and is adapted to identify the orientation of at least two different radially extending edges of regions on the modulating element from the two-dimensional image and also to determine the position of the centre of the element from the determined orientation of the edges.

Abstract: A position measuring operation system for determining positions of a first object and a second object, which can be moved in relation to the first object, including a position measuring system having a light source that is operated in a pulsed manner and an evaluation unit connected to the position measuring device and arranged downstream of the position measuring device.

Abstract: A method for imaging and an imaging system, the system includes the steps of: (i) scanning a beam of coherent radiation over a surface along a scan axis; (ii) focusing the beam to a spot on the surface, so that the spot has a predetermined dimension along the scan axis; (iii) spreading the beam laterally while scanning the beam, so that the beam covers an area substantially wider than the predetermined dimension in a direction transverse to the scan axis; and (iii) capturing the radiation scattered from the surface while scanning the beam, so as to form an image of the surface.

Abstract: An improved method and apparatus for controlling a scanning laser are provided by the present invention. In accordance with a preferred embodiment, a single feedback sensor is placed along the scan path of a scanning laser such that it senses the laser twice during each scan. The time intervals between the sensor sensing the laser are measured and examined to determine the position and direction of the scanning laser. These time intervals may also be used to ensure that the scanning device is operating at its resonant frequency. In systems that require detecting the laser as it enters and leaves the imaging window, a reflective device is used to create a beam path from the edge of the imaging window back to the single feedback sensor such that the sensor detects the laser four times during each scan.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus is disclosed that is capable of making it simple to initialize a laser system thereof. The image forming apparatus includes a first photo detector that detects a part of a laser beam from each of the lasers and generates respective power adjustment signals for the lasers, a second photo detector that detects another part of the scanning laser beam of each of the lasers and generates a synchronization signal corresponding to each laser, and a power adjustment control unit that changes, the output power of each of the lasers to a predetermined value. During the adjustment of output powers of the lasers, the power of a laser is monitored by using the synchronization signal. The power adjustment control unit turns on a laser for power adjustment, and turns off the laser when the scanning synchronization signal is detected twice to complete the power adjustment of the laser, and then starts power adjustment of the next laser.

Abstract: A MEM s scanning device has a variable resonant frequency. In one embodiment, the MEMs device includes a torsion arm that supports an oscillatory body. In one embodiment, an array of removable masses are placed on an exposed portion of the oscillatory body and selectively removed to establish the resonant frequency. The material can be removed by laser ablation, etching, or other processing approaches. In another approach, a migratory material is placed on the torsion arm and selectively stimulated to migrate into the torsion arm, thereby changing the mechanical properties of the torsion arm. The changed mechanical properties in turn changes the resonant frequency of the torsion arm. In another approach, symmetrically distributed masses are removed or added in response to a measured resonant frequency to tune the resonant frequency to a desired resonant frequency. A display apparatus includes the scanning device and the scanning device scans about two or more axes, typically in a raster pattern.

Abstract: A new and improved line scan camera achieves the proper framing of the image field of view by using a first test card to calibrate the true bottom and leading edge portions of the test card which simulate the true bottom and leading portions of an article being scanned or photographed. Still further, the architecture of the electronic chip incorporated within the charge coupled device (CCD) of the camera effectively divides the linear array of pixels into a plurality of channels, and amplifier gain and black offset adjustments are made with respect to exposure levels, characteristic of the pixels disposed at the channel boundaries, under different degrees of input whiteness signals applied to a test card of a predetermined color shade, so as to achieve channel-to-channel seam matching.

Abstract: A neutral particle beam processing apparatus comprises a workpiece holder (20) for holding a workpiece (X), a plasma generator for generating a plasma in a vacuum chamber (3) by applying a high-frequency electric field, an orifice electrode (4) disposed between the workpiece holder (20) and the plasma generator, and a grid electrode (5) disposed upstream of the orifice electrode (4) in the vacuum chamber (3). The orifice electrode (4) has orifices (4a) defined therein. The neutral particle beam processing apparatus further comprises a voltage applying unit for applying a voltage between the orifice electrode (4) which serves as an anode and the grid electrode (5) which serves as a cathode, while the high-frequency electric field applied by the plasma generator is being interrupted, to accelerate negative ions in the plasma generated by the plasma generator and pass the accelerated negative ions through the orifices (4a) in the orifice electrode (4).

Abstract: In a radiography method with double energy conical beam, a preliminary calibration of the system involves using a device made up of blocks of different thicknesses of a first material, in stepped form here (1), composed of layers (2, 3, 4, 5), and which further comprises inserts (7) partly formed (12) of another material. A sufficient number of thickness combinations crossed by the radiation is obtained for each of the materials, while still producing scattered radiation resembling that of the subject, because of the similarity of the proportions and distribution of the two materials; a single digital method for estimation and correction for scattered radiation can then be applied.

Abstract: A well logging apparatus includes a probe having a detector assembly. In an exemplary embodiment, the detector assembly includes a scintillator having scintillation a crystal capable of producing light when exposed to gamma rays, a photo-multiplier, and an optical interface positioned between the scintillator and the photo-multiplier. The optical interface optically couples the scintillator and the photo-multiplier. The optical interface includes a gadolinium doped filter glass.

Abstract: A monitor that has multiple ioniziation sources that can be switched between different modes. The monitor may have an electrostatic ionizer and a photoionizer that ionize at approximately atmospheric pressure. Activation of the ionizers is controlled by a switch. The switch can activate the ionizers in accordance with a plurality of modes. For example, the switch may create modes where the ionizers are activated sequentially or simultaneously. The monitor may further have a chemical ionizer that is controlled by the switch to activate in a plurality of modes. The modes may be switched to detect different trace molecules of a sample loaded into an ionization chamber. The ionizers are preferably located at orthogonal angles relative to each other.

Abstract: The present invention provides for methods of quantitating the amounts of proteins or peptides, including those that are closely related isoforms, using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). Measurement of protein concentrations in vivo has been extremely difficult and problematic, and protein concentrations have not been shown to correlate well with mRNA levels, the standard used in the past. The present invention overcomes the deficiencies of prior methodologies by taking advantage of MALDI-TOF-MS technology and applying it to proteins and peptides in a way that allows for accurate, quantitative measurement in vivo of protein or peptide concentrations.

Abstract: A multi-focus capillary array that can reduce crosstalk and a capillary array photodetector are provided. On a substrate 20 on which a plurality of capillaries are aligned, a perforation 72 is formed in at least a part of an area in the rear of the capillaries when the capillary array is viewed from the photodetector.

Abstract: A TOF mass analyzer having multiple flight paths is described. The TOF mass analyzer includes a pulsed ion source that generates a packet of ions and that accelerates the packet of ions. An ion deflector directs a first group of ions from the packet of ions to a first ion path, and a second group of ions to a second ion path for each of a first and second predetermined time interval after the pulsed ion source generates the packet of ions. A first TOF mass separator separates the first group of ions according to their mass to-charge ratio and a first detector is positioned to receive the first group of ions A second TOF mass separator separates a second group of ions according to their mass to-charge ratio and a second detector is positioned to receive the second group of ions. Additional ion paths may be employed, and any type of TOF mass separator may be used in each ion path.

Abstract: MALDI sample holders and methods of using and making the same are provided. The MALDI sample holders are configured for use in matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization and include a planar substrate having a surface and at least one fluid retaining structure present on the surface. The fluid retaining structure includes a material that changes from a first fluid state to a second solid state in response to a stimulus. Also provided are methods of using the subject MALDI sample holders in a matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization protocol, as well as methods of producing the subject MALDI sample holders. Kits for use in practicing the subject methods are also provided.

Abstract: A mass spectrometer having an ionization source, a ion trap mass analyzer, an ion guide and gating apparatus between the ion guide and the ion trap. The gating apparatus includes sealing apparatus. A stream of ions from the ion source are guided to through the gating apparatus in pulses to the ion trap. The number of ions in each pulse are controlled by the scaling apparatus.

Abstract: There is provided an ion trap mass spectrometer which can detect fragment ions having a low mass and enables high-sensitivity measurement.

Abstract: It may be desirable to obtain three-dimensional information on a sample 2 to be studied in an electron microscope. Such information can be derived from a tilt series 2-i of the sample and a subsequent reconstruction of the three-dimensional structure by means of a computer algorithm. For a proper reconstruction of the structure in the volume of the sample it is important that the measurement geometry be known; therefore it is important that the images be properly aligned. Therefore markers 8-i (e.g. gold particles) are applied to the sample, which markers yield straight lines 10-i as the sample is rotated and projections of that rotated sample are made onto one image plane. According to the invention the straight lines are recognised, which gives the possibility to identify the individual markers in the images of the tilt series, and to align those images on the basis of the information thus obtained.

Abstract: This invention relates to a real-time infrared chemical imaging spectroscopic apparatus, including a light source for generating infrared radiation. A test sample absorbs a narrow-bandwidth infrared radiation as a result of a monochromator dispersing the infrared radiation and emits thermal radiation. IR camera collects the thermal radiation to form an image. As such, the present invention inspects the test sample in real time without a huge amount of complicated computation. Thus, the efficiency of inspection is increased and the optical design of the apparatus is more compact.

Abstract: The present invention provides systems and methods for non-destructively detecting material abnormalities beneath a coated surface, comprising a mid-infrared (MIR) illumination unit for illuminating an area of the coated surface, and an MIR 2-D imager, which includes an MIR CCD or CMOS camera, for capturing an image of a material abnormalities under the illuminated area of the coated surface. In addition, the system may further comprise a scanning unit for moving the system to a next area.

Abstract: A portable thermal imaging analysis for analyzing a specimen includes a frame removably attachable to the specimen by a vacuum and suction cups. The apparatus also includes a sound source and thermal imaging camera that generates thermal images of the specimen along with a controller connected to the sound source and the imaging camera.

Abstract: A common aperture, multi-mode optical imager for imaging electromagnetic radiation bands from a field of two or more different wavelengths is described. Fore-optics are provided to gather and direct electromagnetic radiation bands forming an image into an aperture of the multi-mode optical imager. The image is divided into two different wavelength bands, such as visible light and long-wave infrared. The first wavelength band (e.g., visible light) is detected by a first detector, such as a CCD array, for imaging thereof. The second wavelength band (e.g., long-wave infrared) is detected by a second detector, such as an uncooled microbolometer array, for imaging thereof. Additional optics may be provided for conditioning of the first and second wavelength bands, such as such as for changing the magnification, providing cold shielding, filtering, and/or further spectral separation.

Abstract: A charge particle optical column capable of being used in a high throughput, mutli-column, multi-beam electron beam lithography system is disclosed herein. The column has the following properties: purely electrostatic components; small column footprint (20 mm square); multiple, individually focused charge particle beams; telecentric scanning of all beams simultaneously on a wafer for increased depth of field; and conjugate blanking of the charged particle beams for reduced beam blur. An electron gun is disclosed that uses microfabricated, field emission sources and a microfabricated aperture-deflector assembly. The aperture-deflector assembly acts as a perfect lens in focusing, steering and blanking a multipicity of electron beams through the back focal plane of an immersion lens located at the bottom of the column. Beam blanking can be performed using a gating signal to decrease beam blur during writing on the wafer.

Abstract: A charged particle beam apparatus produces little reduction in resolution when the beam is inclined with respect to a sample. The trajectory of a primary beam 4 is deflected by a deflector or changed by a movable aperture such that the beam is incident on a plurality of lenses 6 and 7 off the axes thereof. A means is provided to control the off-axis trajectory of the beam such that an aberration produced by the objective lens 7 when the beam is inclined can be canceled by an aberration produced by the other lens 6.

Abstract: An electron beam apparatus, in which an electron beam emitted from an electron gun having a cathode and an anode is focused and irradiated onto a sample, and secondary electrons emanated from the sample are directed into a detector, the apparatus further comprising means for optimizing irradiation of the electron beam emitted from the electron gun onto the sample, the optimizing means may be two-stage deflectors disposed in proximity to the electron gun which deflects and directs the electron beam emitted in a specific direction so as to be in alignment with the optical axis direction of the electron beam apparatus, the electron beam emitted in the specific direction being at a certain angle with respect to the optical axis due to the fact that, among the crystal orientations of said cathode, a specific crystal orientation allowing a higher level of electron beam emission out of alignment with the optical axis direction.

Abstract: A sensing device for sensing an electron beam includes a vacuum chamber having an electron permeable window for allowing electrons from the electron beam to enter vacuum chamber. An electrode extends within the vacuum chamber for receiving at least a portion of the electrons entering the vacuum chamber. The intensity of the electron beam is capable of being determined from the amount of electrons received by the electrode.

Abstract: A boron ion plasma, generated by use of a cathodic arc, is manipulated and delivered to a large flat product such as a silicon wafer with boron ion energies suitable for incorporation of boron atoms into solid state devices as one of the key steps in manufacturing solid state electronics and with uniformity of boron dose over the area suitable for the scale of manufacturing desired.

Abstract: There is provided an electron beam exposure technique which permits optical adjustment in an electron optics system using a doublet lens necessary for large field projection.

Abstract: A method of irradiating a fibrous organic material comprising the steps of:

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods of laser patterning organic light emitting diodes by permanently changing the light emissivity of the diodes.

Abstract: The present invention provides an exposure technology capable of generating bitmap data with high efficiency, and making compatible higher resolution and higher speed control in exposure using pattern data in a bitmap format. An apparatus implementing the exposure technology comprises: a means for applying a charged particle beam or a light onto a sample, and exposing a desired pattern onto the sample; a data processing means for bitmapping the shape of the pattern, and generating the pattern shape data in the bitmap format; and a means for controlling the application of the charged beam or light onto the sample using the pattern shape data in the bitmap format, and the data processing means comprising a function of rejecting an overlap area between patterns from pattern vertex data defining the pattern shape; and a function of generating the pattern shape data in the bitmap format based on the result of the overlap rejection function.

Abstract: The present invention relates to radiation sources and a method for producing radiation sources. Embodiments of the present invention are directed to radiation sources that can be used to calibrate nuclear imaging equipment, such as flood sources. According to embodiments of the invention, the radiation source includes a outer housing that contains a substrate upon which a radioactive pattern is deposited. The radioactive deposit may be placed on the surface of the substrate in the form of a deposited solution and may be fixed to the surface of the substrate by, for example, a binding agent and/or a sealing layer. The deposited solution may also include a colorant to visually indicate the activity distribution of the radioactive deposit.

Abstract: An infrared radiation source has a radiation-transparent, gas-tight tube made of electrically insulating material, in which a heat conductor made of carbon strip is arranged. The heat conductor has two ends, which are respectively electrically and mechanically connected to bushings made of molybdenum and/or tungsten and/or tantalum, and the bushings are respectively connected via current feed-through leads with electrical connections projecting from the tube. The two ends of the heat conductor are respectively connected to one of the bushings by a metallic solder, which contains at least one of the metals titanium, zirconium or hafnium.

Abstract: A radiation shield sheet includes a raw utilizing sheet, which includes a plurality of fibers and a plurality of matrixes reinforced together to define a predetermined crossed structure having a plurality of trapping meshes formed between the fibers and matrixes respectively, and a shielding layer, which is made by a predetermined amount of radiation inadmissible material capable of attenuating an intensity of a predetermined electromagnetic radiation, coated on an exposure surface of the raw utilizing sheet, wherein a portion of the shielding layer is captured in the trapping meshes so as to securely bond the radiation shielding layer on the raw utilizing sheet.

Abstract: A disposable cover for electromagnetic treatment applicators prevents undesired exposure to potentially harmful radiation. The cover is a pouch-like structure having a back surface (which faces opposite, or away from, the treatment area) constructed from shielding material, such as metallized polyethylene. At least a portion of the cover which faces the treatment area is constructed solely from non-shielding material. Securing means, such as adhesive strips, ZIP-LOCK®, or other interlocking edges, secure the applicator inside the cover and close off any leaks. The electromagnetic properties of the cover are integrated into the circuitry for the treatment applicator, such that the applicator is not functional in the absence of the cover. In use, an electromagnetic treatment applicator is inserted into the cover and positioned over the area to be treated, with the non-shielding, or “window”, portion of the cover overlying the treatment area.

Abstract: The characteristics of a product such as fruit are determined by analysing light reflected from or transmitted through the product. A tracking means which in one embodiment has an oscillating mirror and in another a light switching means enables a product to be tracked during its movement. Radiation other than that in the visible spectrum may be used.

Abstract: Electromagnetic radiation is directed from an optical grating in a regular array of beams in rows and columns toward a target object surface; and the reflected beams are focused through a lens to form beam images on an image plane of a single camera. Each of the beam images has a position on the image plane that moves substantially linearly with variation of a target distance between the optical grating and a point on the object surface from which that beam image is reflected; and the direction of the substantially linear movement of each beam image forms a predetermined angle with the column of the array of beam images on the image plane to which that beam belongs at a common target distance.

Abstract: In one aspect, the present invention is a technique of, and a system and sensor for measuring, inspecting, characterizing and/or evaluating optical lithographic equipment, methods, and/or materials used therewith, for example, photomasks. In one embodiment, the system, sensor and technique measures, collects and/or detects an aerial image produced or generated by the interaction between the photomask and lithographic equipment. An image sensor unit may measure, collect, sense and/or detect the aerial image in situ—that is, the aerial image at the wafer plane produced, in part, by a product-type photomask (i.e., a wafer having integrated circuits formed during the integrated circuit fabrication process) and/or by associated lithographic equipment used, or to be used, to manufacture of integrated circuits.

Abstract: A preferred embodiment of a system for measuring a level of a fluid comprises a light source adapted to generate light having a predetermined wavelength, an optical waveguide slab at least partially filled with a material adapted to fluoresce when illuminated by the light having a predetermined wavelength, and a light pipe. The light pipe is adapted to transmit the light having a predetermined wavelength to the optical waveguide slab at an angle that causes the light to be internally reflected only within a portion of the optical waveguide slab located above the fluid thereby illuminating the fluorescent material within the portion of the optical waveguide slab located above the fluid. The preferred embodiment also comprises a photo-multiplier tube adapted to generate an electrical output in response to the fluorescence of the fluorescent material.