Abstract: An electron-emitting device having favorable electron emitting characteristic stable for a long time, which is manufactured by a method comprising the steps of disposing an electrically conductive member having a second gap on a substrate, and applying a voltage to the electrically conductive member while irradiating at least the second gap with an electron beam from electron emitting means disposed apart from the electrically conductive member in an atmosphere comprising a carbon compound.

Abstract: A color selection mask is provided with an aperture region including a slit region (21) and bridge regions (22). The bridge regions (22) are provided on top and bottom ends of the aperture region. In the slit region (21), slits (123) through which electron beams pass and strips (124) are arranged alternately. The strips (124) extend into the bridge regions (22), where bridges (25) for connecting adjacent two of the strips (124) and through holes (122) through which electron beams pass are provided.

Abstract: A gas discharge lamp fitted with a gas discharge vessel filled with a gas filling suitable for a gas discharge which emits VUV radiation, with a phosphor coating containing a downconversion phosphor and with means for igniting and maintaining a gas discharge, in which the downconversion phosphor has, in a host lattice, a pair of activators of a first lanthanoid ion and a second lanthanoid ion and a sensitizer selected from the group formed by the thallium(I) ion, lead(II) ion and bismuth(III) ion, is environmentally friendly and has a high lamp efficiency &eegr;lamp.

Abstract: A UV-emitting phosphor blend is provided which comprises a mixture of at least two UVA-emitting phosphors selected from SrB4O7:Eu, YPO4:Ce, and BaSi2O5:Pb wherein the sum of the weight percentages of the phosphors in the mixture equals 100%. The phosphor blend may additionally contain an amount of a UVB-emitting phosphor in an amount from 0 to 12 wt. % of the mixture. Tanning lamps containing these blends exhibit increases in initial UVA output and UVA maintenance.

Abstract: The invention relates to a discharge lamp having a base plate and a cover which is arranged in an essentially parallel manner thereto and which is corrugated in order to enable light to exit in a homogeneous manner.

Abstract: A field emission display includes a first substrate. At least one gate electrode is formed in a predetermined pattern on the first substrate. A plurality of cathode electrodes is formed in a predetermined pattern on the first substrate to form intersection regions with the at least one gate electrode. An Insulation layer is formed between the at least one gate electrode and the plurality of cathode electrodes. At least one pair of emitters is electrically connected to the cathodes electrodes. A second substrate is provided opposing the first substrate with a predetermined gap therebetween. At least one anode electrode is formed on the second substrate. Phosphor layers are formed on the second substrate electrically connected to the at least one anode electrode.

Abstract: A diamond high brightness ultraviolet ray emitting element employs the carrier high-density phase of a diamond as a light-emitting mechanism. It includes a diamond substrate, a first diamond layer formed on the diamond substrate, a second diamond layer formed on the first diamond layer and functioning as an emission layer, a third diamond layer formed on the second diamond layer, a first electrode formed on the first diamond layer, and a second electrode formed on the third diamond layer. The second diamond layer constitutes the carrier high-density phase formed by high-density excitation. The combination of the high-density excitation with the high-quality diamond can implement the device that has stable carrier high-density phase, and emission efficiency higher than a conventional device with low-density excitation.

Abstract: An organic light-emitting display is provided. The organic light-emitting display has a power line divided into multiple sets with a voltage terminal attached to the center of each power line set. Furthermore, all the voltage terminals are coupled to a power supply through a low resistance conductive material medium. With this setup, brightness imbalance between neighboring pixels is minimized.

Abstract: Side faces of anodes have a tapered incline that becomes broader toward a lower layer. Thus, an emissive element layer is smoothly formed on the anodes making it possible to prevent field contraction of the electric field. An EL display apparatus having long life and high yield is provided by preventing the emissive element layer from rupturing between an anode and a cathode and by preventing concentration of the electric field at an upper edge of the anode facing the cathode and localized deterioration in the emissive element layer.

Abstract: A microcavity OLED device comprising (a) a substrate; (b) a bottom-electrode layer disposed over one surface of the substrate; (c) an organic EL element disposed over the bottom-electrode layer; and (d) a top-electrode layer disposed over the organic EL element; wherein one of the electrode layers is semitransparent and reflective and the other one is essentially opaque and reflective; and wherein the thickness of the semitransparent electrode layer and the relative location of the light emitting layers are selected to provide a luminance output of the microcavity OLED device at least 1.25 times that of a similar top-emitting OLED device or at least 1.75 times that of a similar bottom-emitting OLED device using similar OLED materials and having a transparent electrode in place of the semitransparent electrode. A high-index absorption-reduction layer may also be included next to the semitransparent electrode layer outside the microcavity to further improve the performance of the microcavity OLED device.

Abstract: An organic EL device employing polymer material includes a structure in which a luminous layer formed of a polymer indicated by 1

Abstract: The main object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing an EL element which can manufacture the EL element efficiently even in a case where patterning of a hole injecting layer is difficult and the hole injecting layer is needed to be formed on the entire surface of a substrate.

Abstract: An organic electro-luminescent display device of high transparency and a fabrication method thereof. An optic-compensation film of transparent dielectric material is formed on the surface of a glass substrate, in which the transparent nature of the optic-compensation film is not limited to light of a specific wavelength. An anode layer is formed on the optic-compensation film. A laminated body of organic material is formed on the anode layer. A cathode layer is formed on the laminated body.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a surface light-emitting device that can realize a lightweight and compact-profile optical input/output device with reasonable price, especially the one that emits light. The beam generator 12 comprises a surface light-emitting device having a stacked-layer formed of a cathode 2, a luminescent layer 4 made of organic material(s) and an anode 6 in that order, the stacked-layer being located adjacent to a glass substrate 8. The anode 6 is a transparent electrode that is formed to correspond to a hologram pattern of a condensing lens. When a DC voltage is applied between the cathode 2 and the anode 6 with the DC power source, the luminescent layer 4 illuminate corresponding to the hologram pattern of the condensing lens, and the light will converge to a focal point of the condensing lens. Therefore, the surface light-emitting device can play the both roles of the light source and the condensing lens.

Abstract: A luminous element (1) comprising a conductor (2), which is associated with an electroluminescent material (3). An electrode (4, 8, 9) is associated with said electroluminescent material and the luminous element (1) is arranged to emit light, when electric voltage is applied between the conductor (2) and said electrode (4, 8, 9). At least either the conductor (1) or the electrode (4, 8, 9) is insolated along at least a section of the luminous element (1) through the electroluminescent material (3) along said element section.

Abstract: There are provided a coating composition which can satisfactorily form a film even at a low temperature by chemical means in a simple and stable manner, has excellent film strength, adhesion, protective effect and other properties in the form of a functional film and can form a functional film at a low cost, a process for producing the coating composition, a functional film, and a process for producing the functional films.

Abstract: An AC type PDP includes a front panel having a sustaining electrode and a bus electrode attached to the sustaining electrode, and a rear panel having an address electrode. The bus electrode has a thickness so as to have a predetermined opposed surface to generate opposed discharge with respect to another bus electrode which is adjacent to the bus electrode.

Abstract: An AC type plasma display panel includes a plurality of pairs of display electrodes 12a and 12b, dielectric layer 15, a data electrode and float electrode 41. A pair of the plurality of pairs of display electrodes 12a and 12b are disposed parallel to each other on front substrate 10 and form a discharge gap for emitting light for display. Dielectric layer 15 is formed on front substrate 10 and covers the plurality of pairs of display electrodes 12a and 12b excluding at least a part of the discharge gap. The data electrode is disposed on a rear substrate, which is placed facing the front substrate across discharge space, in a manner to cross under the display electrodes. Float electrode 41 is disposed at the discharge gap on front substrate 10.

Abstract: A gas discharge panel having a plasma display panel includes a pair of substrates facing each other for forming a discharge space; an electrode formed on at least one the substrate; and a dielectric layer for covering the electrode; wherein the dielectric layer contains SiO2 as a main component and is composed of a material containing hydrogen of 5×1021 atom/cm3 or less.

Abstract: A discharge tube includes a cylinder having first and second end planes, first and second discharge electrodes coupled to the respective first and second end planes, the first and second discharge electrodes having respective upper and lower discharge planes forming therebetween a discharge gap, and one or more discharge trigger wires disposed in a portion of the cylinder that encompasses the discharge gap.

Abstract: High pressure vapor discharge lamp provided with a discharge vessel. The discharge vessel encloses a discharge space provided with a filling of mercury and a rare gas, for example, in a gastight manner. An electrode is arranged in the discharge space for generating and maintaining a discharge therein, while the electrode comprises a rod electrode having an enlarged head at its end which projects into the discharge space. According to the invention, the enlarged head comprises a preformed electrode projection having an at least substantially conical shape.

Abstract: An ultra-high pressure mercury lamp is provided in which the disadvantage caused by projections formed on the electrode tips during operation can be eliminated. This is achieved by an arrangement in which a silica glass arc tube, filled with at least 0.15 mg/mm3 of mercury, rare gas and halogen in the range from 10−6 &mgr;mole/mm3 to 10−2 &mgr;mole/mm3, includes a pair of opposed electrodes spaced a distance of at most 2 mm. Additionally, at least one of the electrodes includes a part with a greater diameter which is formed on the electrode shaft using a melting process, a projection which is formed by the tip of the electrode shaft, and a part with a decreasing diameter which extends from the part with the greater diameter in the direction toward the projection.

Abstract: A dielectric waveguide integrated plasma lamp (DWIPL) with a body consisting essentially of at least one dielectric material having a dielectric constant greater than approximately 2, and having a shape and dimensions such that the body resonates in at least one resonant mode when microwave energy of an appropriate frequency is coupled into the body. A bulb positioned in at least one lamp chamber in the body contains a gas-fill which when receiving energy from the resonating body forms a light-emitting plasma.

Abstract: An image projection lighting device is disclosed comprising a base housing, a yoke, and a lamp housing. The base housing may include or have located therein, a processing system and a communications port. The lamp housing may include or have located therein, a video projector, an antireflective aperture, a cooling system, and an air filter system. The image projection lighting device may further include a multicolor video display device, which may display a signal indicating a service alert, such as a filter service alert. Service information, concerning the image projection lighting device, may be transmitted by the image projection lighting device from the communications port to a central controller.

Abstract: A microwave excited ultraviolet lamp system having a single electrical cable that supplies operating voltages from a power supply to a lamp head. The single electrical cable may provide high voltage to a magnetron of the lamp head and a lesser voltage to an internal blower of the lamp head. The electrical cable may incorporate conductors for transferring communications signals between the power supply and sensors associated with the lamp head.

Abstract: The preferred embodiments described herein provide a magnetic mirror plasma source. While the traditional magnetic/electrostatic confinement method is ideal for many applications, some processes are not best served with this arrangement. The preferred embodiments described herein present a new technique to confine electrons (3) to produce a low pressure, dense plasma directly on a substrate surface (75). With these preferred embodiments, a combination of electrostatic and mirror magnetic confinement is implemented. The result is a novel plasma source that has unique and important advantages enabling advancements in PECVD, etching, and plasma treatment processes.

Abstract: A device and method for driving an organic EL display is disclosed, in which the device includes a photo converter sensing an intensity of external light, and converting the sensed light to an electric signal; an A/D converter converting the electric signal of the photo converter from an analog signal to a digital signal; a comparator comparing the value of the electric signal converted to the digital signal with a preset reference value; a controller controlling at least any one of the driver and the power source according to comparison results; a driver controlling the amount of current applied to a display panel according to a control signal of the controller; and a power source controlling the intensity of voltage applied to the driver and the display panel according to the control signal of the controller.

Abstract: A high-voltage discharge lamp lighting apparatus has a stabilizer 12 which supplies a power voltage used for maintaining the lighting operation to a high-voltage discharge lamp 20, and an ignitor circuit having an oscillating circuit-for-driving 13 in which a start pulse generates upon starting the lighting operation of the high-voltage discharge lamp, and high-voltage pulse generating transformers (14a, 14b, and 14c) which increase a voltage of the start pulse. Further, the high-voltage discharge lamp lighting apparatus includes a cap portion 16 to which the high-voltage discharge lamp 20 is attached and held, including a part of the high-voltage pulse generating transformers of the ignitor circuit, and a socket portion 11 to which the cap portion 16 is attached and is fit, including at least the oscillating circuit-for-driving 13 in the ignitor circuit and a portion of the high-voltage pulse generating transformers except for a part included in the cap portion 16.

Abstract: A method of driving a plasma display panel to improve display brightness and luminescent efficiency. In the sustain periods, the same driving signal is sent to the sustain electrode X as well as the address electrode Ai at the same time to achieve the desired volume discharge effect. In addition, the structure of PDPs is modified to raise firing voltages between these electrodes, preventing erasure of the data written in the address periods.

Abstract: An inverter circuit for discharge lamps for multi-lamp lighting in which the value of a negative resistance characteristic of a fluorescent lamp is controlled, and an excessively set reactance is eliminated by causing a shunt transformer to have a reactance exceeding the negative resistance characteristic, whereby shunting characteristics high in performance are obtained while reducing the size of the circuit. In an inverter circuit for discharge lamps for multi-lamp lighting, two coils connected to a secondary winding of a step-up transformer of the inverter circuit are arranged and magnetically coupled to each other to form a shunt transformer for shunting current such that magnetic fluxes generated thereby are opposed to each other to cancel out. Discharge lamps are connected to the coils, respectively, with currents flowing therethrough being balanced with each other.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided including an image projection lighting device. The image projection lighting device may be comprised of a base housing, a yoke, and a lamp housing. The lamp housing may be comprised of a lamp and a first light valve. The image projection lighting device may be further comprised of a communications port, a processing system, and a memory. A cutoff value representing an amount of accumulated operating time at which the lamp may begin to operate improperly may be stored in the memory. An accumulated value representing an actual accumulated amount of operating time of the lamp may also be stored in the memory. The processing system may prevent the lamp from operating when the accumulated value is within a limit of the cutoff value, unless the processing system grants a request for a variance.

Abstract: A discharge units comprises a transparent envelope filled with a discharge gas containing mercury, and electrodes for exciting the gases by applying an electric field. It has been found that if, apart from the mercury vapour, the gas is about 99% argon and of the order of 0.1-1% krypton then the proportion of near-visible UV lines is increased, in relation to the 254-nm line, particularly if pulsed excitation is used. This increases the efficiency of the lamp when used to excite visible phosphors.

Abstract: “ELECTRONIC BALLAST FOR HO FLUORESCENT LAMPS”, the present patent is described as an electronic ballast which, in accordance with the characteristics thereof, possesses as a principle the formation of an electronic piece of equipment intended for the control of HO fluorescent lamps (A) incorporating a proprietary structure and containing a properly customized, integrated and complete electronic circuit (1), arranged in a casing as a protection element of the assembly in internal and external environments, being formed by a power factor rectification and control block (2), a half-bridge block (3) and an ignition pulse block (4), in order to make available a device for control and activation of HO fluorescent lamps (A) capable of being operated in any environment and with the purpose of controlling from one to six lamps, flexible to the installation needs, depending exclusively on the sum of power of the HO fluorescent lamps (A), which cannot exceed three hundred and ninety watts.

Abstract: A PWM driving apparatus for an LED includes a sawtooth wave generator (1) for generating a sawtooth wave signal, a comparator (2), an FET (3), a first resistor (4), a second resistor (5), a power supply (7), and a light emitting diodes array (8). A modulation signal provided by a modulation signal source (6) and the sawtooth wave signal are fed to the comparator, an output of the comparator is connected to a gate terminal of the FET, the power supply is connected to a source terminal of the FET through the first resistor, and a drain terminal of the FET outputs a driving current through the second resistor to the light emitting diodes array.

Abstract: An improved LCD back light panel lamp connecting structure comprises at least one set of cold cathode fluorescent lamps (CCFL), each having its high voltage end and feedback end arranged alternately, and the feedback ends on both sides of the CCFL respectively coupled to two return boards. Such two return boards are coupled to a pulse width modulation (PWM) control unit, so that the two return boards feed back the current to the PWM control unit. The high voltage end of the CCFL is coupled to a transformer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a power control device for controlling the output power supplied to a discharge lamp operated by an electrical power supply, comprising power level determining means for determining the actual lamp power level, error determining means for determining the error between the determined lamp power level and a specified reference power level, and output power determining means for maintaining the output power level supplied by the electrical power supply to the lamp if the error falls within a specified window and for adjusting the output power level supplied by the electrical power supply to the lamp towards said reference power level if the error falls outside the specified window.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are gas-discharge lighting systems for supplying alternating current to gas discharge lamps such as fluorescent lamps, those systems utilizing a direct current distribution system. Also disclosed herein are such systems that include switches configured for interrupting the direct current, some of those including switch arc suppression. Detailed information on various example embodiments of the inventions are provided in the Detailed Description below, and the inventions are defined by the appended claims.

Abstract: A lighting circuit including a circuit for preventing erroneous illumination of LEDs wherein the lighting circuit, serving as a drive circuit for the LEDs, includes a transistor and a differential amplifier placed at a preceding stage of the transistor. A positive input side of the differential amplifier is connected to a battery through a switch and to a reference resistor Rref. A voltage of the battery is divided by resistors R1 and R2 and supplied to a negative input side of the differential amplifier. A resistance value (R1/R2)×Rref is set to be smaller than a leakage resistance value Rs of the switch. Thus, the differential amplifier is not turned on when the switch is opened even though there is a leakage at the switch. Therefore, the transistor is not turned on, and the LEDs are not illuminated.

Abstract: A discharge lamp energizing power supply device is operable to reduce an electric power loss in a wide range of commercial power supply voltages employed in various parts of the world, and can stably perform its functions without causing a functional shutdown of a boosting circuit due to an increase in the power supply voltage and a functional shutdown of a voltage lowering circuit due to a characteristic deterioration of a discharge lamp.

Abstract: A driving apparatus (2) for cold cathode fluorescent lamps (CCFLs) includes a primary and a secondary driving circuits (22, 21), a primary and a secondary light tubes (24, 23), a primary and a secondary feedback circuits (26, 27), and two photosensitive elements (25) corresponding to the primary and the secondary light tubes, respectively. The primary and the secondary driving circuits provide power to drive the primary and the secondary light tubes, respectively. The primary feedback circuit receives photoelectric current of a corresponding photosensitive element and provides an output signal to the primary driving circuit. The secondary feedback circuit receives the both photoelectric currents of the photosensitive elements and providing an output signal to the secondary driving circuit to keep a brightness of the secondary light tube the same as the brightness of the primary light tube.

Abstract: The described DC to AC inverter efficiently controls the amount of electrical power used to drive a cold cathode fluorescent lamp (CCFL). Additionally, during striking of the CCFL, a higher energy initial energy pulse is used. During normal operation, a lower energy pulse is used.

Abstract: The device (10) for controlling a lamp including LEDs emitting light in at least two different colors comprises at least two current sources (14,16,18) of which each is assigned to a group of LEDs (20,24,26) emitting light of the same colors; and is arranged to supply these LEDs (20,24,26) with a continuous current having an adjustable amplitude. Further, the device (10) comprises a control unit (30) for controlling the current sources (14,16,18) to adjust the amplitudes of the currents generated by the current sources (14,16,18) so as to generate a desired color of the mixed light emitted by the totality of the LEDs (20,24,26), and a setting unit (36) for influencing the total current of all current sources (14,16,18) to thus set the intensity of the mixed light.

Abstract: Track lighting methods and apparatus. In various examples, power and data are provided to a plurality of lighting fixtures via at least one pair of essentially rigid electrically conductive tracks that are mechanically coupled to an essentially rigid linear or curvilinear-shaped housing. The plurality of lighting fixtures includes at least one LED-based lighting fixture mechanically coupled to the housing, electrically coupled to the at least one pair of electrically conductive tracks, and configured to be responsive to the data.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a tracking picture tube of the type in which comb-shaped electrodes or optical detecting means (12, 13) are used for generating a signal related to the position of an electron beam with respect to the strips (5). The tube is characterized in that the deflection unit is arranged to deflect the beams (21r, 21g, 21b) onto selected strips (22r, 22g, 22b) having coincident sides which neighbour finger portions (14, 15) of the same electrode (12, 13), and the selected strips (22r, 22g, 22b), excited by the electron beams, are separated by at least one unexcited strip, respectively.

Abstract: Sensitivity of a velocity modulation device is increased and noise such as a leakage magnetic field and a leakage electric field from the device are reduced to thereby lower power consumed by the device. A cathode ray tube device and a television set each include a velocity modulation device on a cathode side of a deflection yoke. All or part of the circumference of a velocity modulation coil to modulate scan beam velocity is covered with material having an initial permeability of at least 10 at 2 MHz.

Abstract: An electrostatic fluid accelerator includes a first number of corona electrodes and a second number of accelerating electrodes spaced apart from and parallel to adjacent ones of the corona electrodes. An electrical power source is connected to supply the corona and accelerating electrodes with an operating voltage to produce a high intensity electric field in an inter-electrode space between the corona electrodes and the accelerating electrodes. The accelerating electrodes may be made of a high electrical resistivity material, each of the electrodes having mutually perpendicular length and height dimension oriented transverse to a desired fluid flow direction and a width dimension oriented parallel to the desired fluid flow direction.

Abstract: A brushless DC motor control system is arranged to control a command current indicative of a current to be supplied to the brushless motor on the basis of an estimated phase angle and an actual phase angle to control a current supplied to the brushless motor on the basis of an estimated phase angle and an actual phase angle, and to execute at least one of an estimated phase angle returning processing for returning the estimated phase angle and a current lowering processing for lowering a command current, when the estimated phase angle advances relative to the actual phase angle.

Abstract: An electrically-operated architectural covering that can be powered by a low current or voltage source includes a motor, an accumulator connected to the motor, a power source, and an electrical circuit connecting the power source to the accumulator. The electrical circuit includes a step-up converter, which preferably includes an input terminal connected to the power source; an output terminal with a supply voltage connected to the accumulator; an inductive element; a first switch having a gate electrode for opening and closing of the switch when a control voltage of a first level is applied to the gate; and an oscillator.

Abstract: A motor control apparatus supplying braking power to brake a motor comprises a braking power providing unit to receive input power having an input power voltage lower than a braking power voltage and to boost the input power voltage up to the braking power voltage to brake the motor; a switching unit closing to allow the braking power providing unit to store the input power and opening to allow the braking power providing unit to output the braking power by boosting the input power voltage and a stored power voltage up to the braking power voltage; and a controller to control the switching unit to close and to open. With this configuration, a motor control apparatus is provided, in which an additional braking power supply supplying braking power to brake a motor is not needed, thereby decreasing a production cost and a size of a product.

Abstract: A motor comprises: coil on/off switching devices for switching between an on-state wherein current is supplied to the coils, and a first off-state wherein the coil terminals are open-circuited or a second off-state wherein the coil terminals are short-circuited; and a coil current control device for controlling switching operations of the coil on/off switching devices according to commands input to the motor. In the event that motor movement with great mechanical compliance is required, the ratio of the period of the first off-state is increased, and on the other hand, in the event that motor movement with great viscosity resistance is required, the ratio of the period of the second off-state is increased. This solves the problems of torque loss and cogging during a period wherein no current is applied to the coil.