Abstract: The present invention is directed to self-assembled compositions forming one dimensional structures that include one or more guest species and method for making such materials. The self-assembling molecules form a self-assembled gel structure that is birefringent and made up from one dimensional structures like nanoribbons with the guest species dispersed throughout the gel. The guest species include nanocrystals, molecules, or other nanometer sized compounds. A ribbon polymer-inorganic nanocrystal hybrid, and a method of creating a ribbon polymer-inorganic crystal hybrid as well as a method of ordering the same to form an ultraviolet lasing media is disclosed.

Abstract: An improved connecting system for tensile elements, including a longitudinal tensile element having an end portion and a cross-section thereof, a deformable connecting element; a bracing element, and a tensile axis of applied tensile load along said longitudinal tensile element. The deformable connecting element surrounds the cross section of the longitudinal tensile element and the deformable connecting element is joined to the longitudinal tensile element by means of plastic deformation of said deformable connecting element. The deformable connecting element is connected to the bracing element.

Abstract: The invention relates to a rim for cycles, more particular for bicycles. The invention is also aimed at a tubeless mounted assembly consisting of the said rim and of a tire having in particular two flexible bead wires. According to the invention, the rim consists of two flanges, attached to two seats, intended to receive the beads of a tire, separated from each other by a mounting groove, and, according to the profile of the rim in a radial plane, the bead seats have a generatrix, the axially outer end of which is on a circle of smaller diameter than the diameter of the circle on which the axially inner end is situated, the said generatrix forming an angle with the axis of rotation of the tire of between 15 and 45 degrees.

Abstract: An axle assembly is provided that includes a tubular member having an outer wall and an interior cavity. The other wall includes a first interlocking feature. An axle component mounting member, such as a bearing shoulder sleeve and/or a brake flange, is arranged on a portion of the outer wall. The mounting member includes a second interlocking feature coacting with the first interlocking feature to affix the mounting member and tubular member to one anther. The axle assembly may be formed by arranging the axle mounting member into a die assembly. A tubular member may be arranged in the die assembly within an opening in the mounting member. A hydroforming process may be employed to pressurize a cavity within the tubular member. A portion of the tubular member is deformed into engagement with the mounting member to affix the mounting member to the tubular member.

Abstract: The present invention discloses A car brake anti-lock system to prevent any locking phenomenon from taking place in the brake by installing the car brake anti-lock system according to the present invention between the master cylinder for supplying the hydraulic pressure of the car brake and the cylinder pipe, reserving some of the hydraulic pressure to be transmitted to the car wheel when the car brake is put on, and supplying it continuously with discontinuity.

Abstract: A braking system includes an accumulator positioned along the brake line between the wheel brake and a pump. The accumulator includes a cylinder defining a bore and a piston fitted within the bore. The cylinder defines an inlet and an outlet fluidically connecting the bore to the brake line. The outlet is axially spaced from the inlet and is positioned to be sealed closed by the piston when it is proximate to inlet. The accumulator stores a reserved volume of fluid that is not delivered to the pump via the outlet to thereby reduce the volume of fluid delivered to the master cylinder by the pump and prevent damage to the lip seals during ABS control.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for modifying and adjusting the braking force in a hydraulic brake system in a vehicle, whereby the pedal control exercised by the driver is measured and is converted via a predefined function into braking pressure to be produced in a wheel brake device, said pressure corresponding to a deceleration of the vehicle. In order to increase the braking safety, the braking pressure or the variable correlating with the braking pressure can be individually manipulated as a function of the pedal control within a section of said pedal control between the initial starting point and maximum pedal control point.

Abstract: A coupling system that allows maximum flexibility for vehicle users to relocate, remove or replace electrical and/or mechanical devices throughout the interior of a vehicle, with several slot openings formed in the vehicle structure and coupling components which provide the connections of the devices to the vehicle, via the slots.

Abstract: An engine switch device with improved convenience. The device starts and stops an engine. The device includes a key cylinder, which has a key slot, and a push button switch, which is pushed to stop or start the engine. The key slot is located in the center of the push button in a preferred embodiment.

Abstract: A local power generation system generates a substantially DC voltage at an inverter input, which is modulated to generate a resulting output AC power signal to a load. The inverter input voltage may be obtained from an engine generator, providing an AC power signal that is rectified. An energy storage device helps maintain the DC voltage at the inverter input when load power draw increases or during engine startup or acceleration, for example, until the engine accommodates the increased power demand. The system may also be used in an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) application, in which the load draws power from a utility-provided AC power source until a fault condition appears. When the fault condition appears, the load switches its power draw from the utility-provided AC power source to the inverter output. The energy storage device is charged through a bidirectional DC-to-DC converter and through an inverter that operates in a rectifier mode to rectify a utility-provided AC electrical power signal.

Abstract: A distributed power generating system enables very rapid and reliable start-up of an engine used to generate back-up power, thereby substantially reducing the need for stored power. More particularly, the distributed power generating system comprises a power bus electrically coupled to commercial power and to a load, an engine comprising a rotatable shaft, a starter/generator operatively coupled to the shaft of the engine and electrically coupled to the power bus, and a temporary storage device electrically coupled to the power bus. The starter/generator is adapted to start the engine from a standstill condition and rapidly bring the engine to an operational speed sustainable by the engine alone. To accomplish this, the starter/generator has a short time torque capability higher than the rated torque of the engine and starter/generator. When the engine reaches the operational speed, the starter/generator delivers electrical power to the power bus.

Abstract: The present invention provides an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) having a chassis formed using mating panels of a sturdy, lightweight, substantially rigid material, such as ABS plastic, that are fixedly attached together to form a compact, user-friendly chassis using simple connection techniques that entail a minimum of tools and a minimal number of fastening mechanisms. In one general aspect, a UPS in accordance with the invention comprises an input to receive AC power from an AC power source, an output that provides AC power, a DC voltage source that provides DC power, the DC voltage source having an energy storage device, an inverter operatively coupled to the DC voltage source to receive DC power and to provide AC power, a transfer switch constructed and arranged to select one of the AC power source and the DC voltage source as an output power source for the uninterruptible power supply, and a chassis for housing at least the DC voltage source, inverter, and transfer switch.

Abstract: A method for preventing sudden inadvertent operation of a motor of a tool or appliance when the motor is initially electrically connected to a power source while an On/Off switch for controlling the motor is in a closed (i.e. ‘On’) position. The method includes electrically connecting the motor to a power source and determining a position of the On/Off switch when the motor is initially electrically connected to the power source. The position of the On/Off switch is determined by either sensing whether current is flowing through the motor or voltage is present at the motor when the motor is initially connected to the power source.

Abstract: A frequency regulating circuit for the current-consumption-dependent clock supply of a circuit configuration includes a current measuring device for measuring the instantaneous current consumption of the circuit configuration, a controllable clock supply circuit, which can be connected to a clock input of the circuit configuration, and a control device for driving the clock supply circuit based upon the measured current consumption, an increase in the current consumption of the circuit configuration effecting a reduction in the clock frequency at the output of the clock supply circuit. Such a circuit ensures that a maximum permissible current consumption is not exceeded, but, at the same time, makes possible a maximum power of the circuit by a maximum clock frequency.

Abstract: The feeding device with solar cells, working with artificial light sources, for electronic equipments consists of a structure (1) covered with one or more solar cells (2), comprising a light source (3) with led diodes lamps fed by the electric current, with the possible relative stabilization system and sending for use, and/or—if ever possible—susceptible of working with the natural sunlight.

Abstract: A method for preventing sudden inadvertent operation of a motor of a tool or appliance when the motor is initially electrically connected to a power source while an On/Off switch for controlling the motor is in a closed (i.e. ‘On’) position. The method includes electrically connecting the motor to a power source and determining a position of the On/Off switch when the motor is initially electrically connected to the power source by sensing whether current is flowing through the motor. Additionally, the method includes supplying insufficient power for the motor to function when the motor is initially electrically connected to the power source by controlling the operation of an electronic valve associated with the motor.

Abstract: A safety device, particularly for industrial machines, such as for example bending presses provided with an upper tool that is driven in abutment toward a lower die, at least one blank, such as a metal plate, a bent plate or a box-like element, being interposable between the die and the tool, the safety device comprising a glove worn by the operator, provided with first electrically conducting regions located at the back with no conducting regions at the palm; the glove constitutes, at contact with the machine and/or with the blank, an element for transmitting electrical signal between the machine and a control unit (CU) to stop descent of the tool.

Abstract: A combination (231) that creates a fluid film bearing that maintains a stage frame (202) spaced apart from a base frame (204), includes a pad assembly (232) secured to one of the frames (202)(204) and a bearing fluid source (234). The pad assembly (232) includes a porous region (238). The fluid source (234) directs a fluid into the pad assembly (232) so that the fluid is released from the porous region (238) to create the fluid film bearing that maintains the stage frame (202) apart from the base frame (204). The combination (231) is used with a mover (206) having a conductor assembly (218) that is secured to one of the frames (202)(204) and a magnet assembly (216) that is secured to the other one of the frames (202)(204).

Abstract: A linear motor comprises a stator including a stator yoke and a plurality of permanent magnets arranged side by side on the stator yoke along a motor running direction in alternately reversed directions to produce alternating polarities, and a moving part including a plurality of magnetic teeth arranged along the motor running direction and coils wound around the individual magnetic teeth. Cutouts formed in end surfaces of yoke portions of the individual magnetic teeth opposite to their side facing the stator line up to form a groove-shaped channel running through the yoke portions of the successive magnetic teeth, and the multiple magnetic teeth are joined together into a single structure by fitting a connecting bar in the groove-shaped channel.

Abstract: A solenoid-based propulsion system and methodology comprised of at least one multiple wire coil set solenoid that reversibly receives at least a portion of a magnetic object, wherein the wire coil sets of the solenoid are connected to the energizing control system that controls the alternate energizing of the wire coil sets; the adjustable dwell angle of the energizing; and provides for skip energizing. The electronic format of the energizing control system utilizes an electronic timer to establish the frequency at which the alternate energization occurs to propel the magnetic object in a reciprocal motion. The energizing control system in a payload delivery system embodiment of the invention helps converts the kinetic energy stored in the reciprocal motion of the magnetic object into a movement propelling the magnetic object completely and unilaterally out of the invention.

Abstract: The present invention has been made for the purpose of obtaining a permanent magnet type dynamo electric machine, and a permanent magnet type synchronous generator for wind power generation, each of which is capable of reducing an eddy current loss of a rotor while having a construction of an integral one-piece rotor yoke.

Abstract: An exciter assembly for supplying power to a superconducting load, such as a superconducting field coil, disposed within a cryogenic region of a rotating machine. The exciter assembly provides an efficient and reliable approach for transferring the electrical power energy across a rotating interface. The exciter assembly includes a transformer having a primary winding and a secondary winding, and a rotatable enclosure including a wall having an intermediate core formed of a high permeability material. The intermediate core is positioned between the primary of a transformer and the secondary of the transformer. In essence, the intermediate core acts as a flux “window” or “shunt” between the primary winding and the secondary winding. One of the primary and secondary windings is generally positioned in a rotational reference flame relative to the other of the primary and secondary windings.

Abstract: An electric machine includes a stator and a rotor which is spaced from the stator at formation of an air gap therebetween. In order to cool down heat-generating components of the stator and the rotor, the electric machine is provided with a cooling system which includes heat pipes placed in proximity of the heat-generating components.

Abstract: In a vehicle ac generator, a regulator that controls output voltage is mounted to a connector case. The connector case is constructed of a common connector and an individual connector. The common connector includes internal terminals that connect the regulator with internal circuits of such as a rectifying device and a rotor. The individual connector includes external terminals that receive and transmit electric information from and to external circuits. The common connector and the individual connector have intermediate terminals that contact with each other. Further, the common connector and the individual connector have engaging portion to engage with each other. The common connector can be shared with individual connectors having different shapes.

Abstract: A very simple and reliable rotor (4) for a (brushless) exciter to be used to energise the field winding of a rotor of a generator, is proposed which can be used for high-high speed rotation and for the generation of high currents for energising the field winding of the rotor of the generator. The rotor (4) comprises at least two conducting bars (6) aligned substantially parallel to the axis (8) of the rotor (4), wherein the bars (6) are connected on their first axial end to a collecting ring (13) and wherein on their second axial end the bars (6) are connected individually to two rings (14,15) by means of diodes (16) with reversed polarity such that alternating current induced in the conducting bars (6) due to a static field (7) is converted into a direct current (DC) in the two rings (14,15).

Abstract: To provide a coil bobbin structure that allows intersection of the wire to be avoided with a simple structure and improved reliability to be attained, while at the same time, allowing the possible use of automatic winding machines.

Abstract: The invention relates to a bearing (32) for a coordinate measuring instrument comprising a slide (36), which can be axially displaced in relation to the fixing device (34) and which can be supported opposite a fixing device by means of at least one air bearing (38, 40). In order to be able to utilize the bearing for all axes of the coordinate measuring instrument while simultaneously using outer surfaces of the slide as mounting surfaces for sensors, the invention provides that a force that works counter to the air bearing can be generated by a magnetic field (42, 44).

Abstract: The present invention provides a Nonmetal bushing motor to fix a fan. The fan includes a frame body, a circuit board disposed on the frame body, a stator assembly mounted on the frame body, and a rotor assembly set on the outside of the stator assembly. A base is disposed in the center of the frame body and a bearing is disposed on the base. The bearing on the base is composed of a connection part and a hollow tube. The connection part and the hollow tube protrude out of the center of the base in one-piece design. At least one joint part is disposed on outer circumference of the connection part and at least one rib is disposed on outer circumference of the hollow tube. A lower bobbin is mounted on the button of the stator assembly. A hole is in the center of the lower bobbin and at least one obstructer corresponding to the joint part mounted on the bearing is disposed on inner circumference of the hole.

Abstract: A switched reluctance motor is provided that optimizes the available space between adjacent stator poles for conductors. The inventive motor includes a rotor having a plurality of radially outwardly extending poles and a stator disposed about the rotor. The stator includes an back iron and a plurality of poles extending radially inwardly from the back iron. The stator poles taper radially inwardly from the back iron to a radially innermost portion The adjacent sides of any two stator poles are parallel or are angled up to about five degrees relative to positions the sides would occupy if they were parallel.

Abstract: A permanent magnet alternator including a stationary stator including a plurality of spaced stator poles projecting inwardly from the stator, a winding circuit wound through the spaces between the stator poles, a rotor assembly mounted for rotation within the stator, including a plurality of permanent magnets fixedly mounted on an outer circumferential surface of the rotor in alternating polarity, and a retaining shield for reducing the effects of centrifugal motion of the rotor during operation of the alternator.

Abstract: A motor for reducing torque ripple includes a shaft having a shaft axis, a rotor positioned about the shaft, a first magnet ring positioned on the rotor, the first magnet ring having magnets each occupying a magnet angle &egr; on the rotor, and a second magnet ring positioned on the rotor, the second magnet ring having magnets each occupying a magnet angle &egr; on the rotor, wherein the second magnet ring is shifted a non-zero number of degrees relative to the first magnet ring and wherein ends of each magnet within the second magnet ring are located at different angular positions than ends of each magnet within the first magnet ring relative to the shaft axis of the shaft. The magnet angle &egr; is preferably an optimal magnet angle for minimizing cogging torque and line to line back emf harmonics.

Abstract: In order to improve the torque per weight ratio in electrical machines for a lower price it is proposed to use a segmented stator design. The segmented stator design is based on general E shaped cores traditionally used for single-phased transformers and inductors, The E-cores has a coil around the centred leg and is assembled parallel to the rotor axis, which means it will function with the transverse flux principle. A radial flux principle can also be performed with the E-cores if the E-cores are divided into two U-sections with a full pitch winding in between them. A clear extra advantage with the E-cores is short flux paths meaning less steel has to be magnetised. For a low volume production standard E-cores can be used making the investment in production facilities smaller. The E-core machines using the transverse principle can have different pole-shapes such the normal force between the rotor and stator are significantly reduced.

Abstract: A permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor for circulation pumps of heating/conditioning systems of a uniquely simple construction and improved performance, comprising:

Abstract: An armature includes a rotor core, winding wires, insulator arrangements and protective members. The rotor core includes a plurality of teeth, each of which extends in a radial direction of the rotor core. Each winding wire is wound around a corresponding one of the teeth. The insulator arrangements electrically insulate between the rotor core and the winding wires. The protective members are provided to the rotor core to protect the rotor core from mechanical damage.

Abstract: A superconductor motor operates as a squirrel cage induction motor. The rotor is covered with a thin film of superconducting material and the magnetic field created by the stator is strong enough to quench the superconducting material to its normal state at periodic spots on the rotor. This periodic quenching both creates a squirrel cage configuration of superconducting material on the rotor and allows the stator field to penetrate the rotor to induce a current. Once the squirrel cage is “created” by the stator field and a current induced, the motor operates as a conventional squirrel cage induction motor.

Abstract: An electric machine includes an external rotor rotatable about a rotation axis, and a stator arranged in coaxial relationship to the rotation axis in the external rotor. The stator is comprised of a first stator portion to define a core element, and a second stator portion arranged in the form of a ring in surrounding relationship to the core element and including radially inwardly directed teeth to define a comb-shaped configuration with slots which taper towards the rotation axis for receiving a stator winding. The comb teeth have free ends which are supported on the core element.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a wear indicator for a motor carbon brush which includes a housing, carbon brushes, an elastic element, a circuit board with an alarm indicator light and an electric probe disposed on the circuit board. The electric probe is connected to the alarm indicator light and the carbon brush has a contact portion on its outer surface which when the brush is worn and need to be changed is electrically connected to the alarm indicator light through the electrical probe to turn the alarm indicator light on. The present invention is simple to manufacture and gives a indication of wear.

Abstract: A dual concentric AC motor allows for two independently operating AC motors that produce the same torque at the same current input as two conventional, separate electric motors while occupying a smaller physical volume. The dual concentric AC motor utilizes a single, hollow cylindrical stator core comprising inner and outer stators and an inner rotor and an outer rotor that operate independently of one another. The inner stator, with windings that face toward the center of the motor, couples to the inner rotor, which rotates inside the single stator core, while the outer stator, with windings that face away from the center of the motor, couples to the outer rotor, which rotates around the single stator core. A back iron, centrally located in the single stator core, physically and magnetically separates the inner and outer stators. The two rotors are coupled to separate, independent output shafts.

Abstract: A power system includes a member with two or more sections and at least one pair of electrodes. Each of the two or more sections has a stored static charge. Each of the pair of electrodes is spaced from and on substantially opposing sides of the member from the other electrode and is at least partially in alignment with the other electode. At least one of the member and the at least one pair of electrodes is moveable with respect to the other. When at least one of the sections is at least partially between the pair of electrodes, the at least one of the sections has the stored static electric charge closer to one of the pair of electrodes. When at least one of the other sections is at least partially between the pair of electrodes, the other section has the stored static electric charge closer to the other one of the pair of electrodes.

Abstract: An electrostatic actuator for increasing a swing (deflection angle) of a movable structure includes a laminate substrate in which a thin film silicon layer is formed on a silicon substrate through a buried insulating film and a torsion beam movable structure constructed with the thin film silicon layer. A potential difference is generated between a movable side comb-tooth electrode of the movable structure and a fixed side comb-tooth electrode disposed to face the movable side comb-tooth electrode to swing the movable structure. The fixed side comb-tooth electrode is formed in the inside of a through hole bored through the laminate substrate.

Abstract: An adhesive layer is formed between a piezoelectric element and a baseboard by using an adhesive agent with a Shore D hardness of 80 HS or greater to couple the baseboard and the piezoelectric element. The adhesive layer is formed in a uniform thickness by placing two spacers on a transfer sheet and spreading the adhesive agent between these spacers. The baseboard and the piezoelectric element bonded together by the adhesive layer are heated in a pressed state to cause the adhesive layer to harden. The vibration loss in the adhesive layer can be reduced because the hardened adhesive layer has high hardness. In addition, variation in the vibration characteristics of a piezoelectric actuator can be reduced because the thickness of the adhesive layer is uniform.

Abstract: A tunable machining tool having a plurality of actuator devices, each operating at a uniform frequency but phase shifted by a controllable amount so as to create an vibratory output at a frequency that is a multiple of the input frequency.

Abstract: A ferroelectric thin film element comprises a substrate and an epitaxial ferroelectric thin film provided on the substrate. The epitaxial ferroelectric thin film satisfies a relation z/z0>1.003. A crystal face parallel to a crystal face of a surface of the substrate among crystal faces of the epitaxial ferroelectric thin film is taken as a Z crystal face, a face spacing of the Z crystal face is taken as z and a space of the Z crystal face of a material constituting the epitaxial ferroelectric thin film in a bulk state is taken as z0, and also satisfies a relation 0.997≦x/x0≦1.003. One of crystal faces of the epitaxial ferroelectric thin film perpendicular to the Z crystal face is taken as an X crystal face, a face spacing of the X crystal face is taken as x and a face spacing of the X crystal face of the material constituting the epitaxial ferroelectric thin film in a bulk state is taken as x0.

Abstract: In a vibrator support structure, a vibrator is supported on a substrate through support pins, substrate connection portions of the support pins and pin connection portions of the substrate are joined through conductive adhesive which is made of a resin including conductive filler and has a pencil hardness of about 4H or less, and the conductive adhesive has a thickness which can buffer vibrations and impacts propagated through the support pins.

Abstract: A vibrating piece in which a CI values ratio is maintained constant while minimizing the CI value of the fundamental wave, variations of the CI values between the vibrating piece devices are reduced even if the base is made short, and the entire vibrating piece can be made smaller.

Abstract: A snap together connection system whereby panels or other elements can be connected to form structures. Catches snap into latches thereby connecting panels or other elements. Snap in straight connectors may be used as a bridge to connect panels or other elements in-line.

Abstract: A telescoping slide assembly having at least a first slide segment and a second slide segment. Desirably, each of the first and second slide segments include one or more solid bearing surfaces and are in contact with one another along at least a portion of the bearing surfaces. Preferably, the bearing surfaces are curved and the contact between the slide segments occurs along a lateral distance, which is less than one-half of the distance of the smaller bearing surface. In one arrangement, the slide assembly includes a third slide segment telescopingly engaged with one of the first or second slide segments.

Abstract: Embodiments of an expandable drawer organizer for segregating articles within a drawer are disclosed. Each embodiment utilizes at least one tray maintained in slidable agreement with another a tray, providing for the expandable drawer organizer to be varied to approximate the dimensional constraints of the subject drawer. Each embodiment further employs a locking mechanism for securing the associated trays in a user dictated predetermined position. Additional embodiments utilizing various arrangements of an expandable partition that may be arranged in unique configurations within the various trays is also disclosed. Several embodiments having retainers for further limiting the movement of the expandable drawer organizer within the drawer are also presented.

Abstract: The emitter within LED lamp(s) radiates light over of solid angle of approximately 2&pgr; steradians or an approximate hemisphere. Conventionally, some of the light emitted is directly transmitted to the object to be illuminated and another portion is indirectly transmitted by means of a reflector, refractive optic or both. The disclosed method increases the collection efficiency of the radiated energy from LED lamp(s) by turning the LED or other light source so that all of its transmitted light is directed away from the object of the apparatus and directed into a reflector. The reflector then reflects the light toward the object. This singular handling of all the energy from the emitter results in more precise control of the radiated energy of the source. Optional subsequent controlling elements may be utilized efficiently due to the fact that the rays they will affect are of a single class of rays.

Abstract: The thickness of a luminophor film (16′) provided on the inner surface of a translucent discharge vessel (11) having a cavity portion (12) in which a light emitting substance is enclosed is the maximum in the vicinity of a plasma (15), becomes smaller as being closer to a connection portion (21) with an inner tube (32) and becomes also smaller as being closer to a round bottom portion (41). With this film thickness distribution, an electrodeless fluorescent lamp having approximately the same luminous intensity distribution characteristics as those of an incandescent lamp can be achieved. Therefore, even when the electrodeless fluorescent lamp is connected to an incandescent lamp lighting fixture, light can be taken out in a preferable state.