Abstract: A substrate containing a natural polymeric material is modified by: A) treating the substrate containing the natural polymeric material with a modifying agent selected from the group consisting of organo-functional coupling agents and multi-functional amine containing organic compounds; and B) optionally exposing the substrate containing natural polymeric material with one or more treatments selected from the consisting of: i) subjecting the substrate to extraction with a solvent to reduce the content of extractable materials associated with the natural polymeric material prior to or during treatment with the modifying agent; ii) treatment with a physical field selected from static physical fields, high-frequency alternating physical fields and combinations of two or more thereof either prior to, during or after treatment with the modifying agent; and iii) oxidation of at least part of the natural polymeric material prior to or during treatment with the modifying agent.

Abstract: The surface of a substrate is coated with an abrasion-resistant photocatalytic coating comprised of a semiconductor photocatalyst. upon irradiation by a light having a wavelength of an energy higher than the bandgap energy of the photocatalyst, water is chemisorbed onto the surface in the form of hydroxyl groups (OH−) whereby the surface of the photocatalytic coating is rendered highly hydrophilic. In certain embodiments, the surface of a mirror, lens, or windowpane is coated with the photocatalytic coating to exhibit a high degree of antifogging function. In another embodiment, an article or product coated with the photocatalytic coating is disposed outdoors and the highly hydrophilic surface thereof is self-cleaned as it is subjected to rainfall. In a still another embodiment, an article is coated with the photocatalytic coating and, when the article is soaked in, rinsed by or wetted with water, fatty dirt and contaminants are readily released without resort to a detergent.

Abstract: A silicon oxide film has a ratio of A1 to A2 which is not higher than 0.21, where A1 is a first peak integrated intensity of a first peak belonging to Si—OH and appearing in the vicinity of a wave-number of 970 cm−1, and A2 is a second peak integrated intensity of a second peak belonging to O—Si—O and appearing in the vicinity of a wave-number 820 cm−1, and each of the first and second peak integrated intensities is defined as a product of peak width at half height and a peak height of a Raman spectrum obtained by a Raman scattering spectroscopic analysis of the silicon oxide film. The silicon oxide film is deposited under a condition that a ratio of a first flow rate Fo of oxygen gas to a second flow rate Fsi of a silicon source gas is not lower than 20.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composite material for use in a liquid crystal layer of a liquid crystal display device having a pair of substrates with the liquid crystal layer interposed therebetween, and an electrode structure for generating an electric field having a component predominantly in parallel with one of said pair of substrates. The liquid crystal composite material includes a liquid chemical compound represented by a general chemical formula (I) In the formula (I), X1, X2 and X3 are selected from a group consisting of fluoro group, cyano group, trifluoromethyl group, trifluoromethoxyl group, nitro group and hydrogen atom and not all three X1, X2 and X3 being a hydrogen group. Further, R is selected from a group consisting of alkyl group and alkoxyl group having the carbon number 1 to 10 which can be substituted, and ring A is selected from a group consisting of cyclohexane ring, benzene ring, dioxane ring, pyrimidine ring, and [2,2,2]-bicyclohexane ring.

Abstract: A novel polymerizable compound represented by Formula (I) is disclosed. In the formula, A1 to A4 respectively denotes a hydrogen or substituent and at least one of A1 to A4 is halogen, alkyl group, alkoxy group, formyl or cyano; B1 and B2 respectively denotes a substituent and at least one of them is a substituent containing acryloyloxy, methacryloyloxy or epoxy. An optical compensator comprising a layer formed from a compound represented by Formula (I) is also disclosed.

Abstract: A unique class of chiral additive materials is disclosed for use in cholesteric displays that possess a helical twist power substantially independent of temperature. The additives have a solubility and a helical twist power large enough to be used as a single chiral component with little dilution of the physical properties of the nematic liquid crystal host mixture. The chiral additives may be used in combination with non-chiral additives to provide a helical twisting power substantially independent of temperature suitable for cholesteric displays.

Abstract: A recording medium comprising on a base material an ink-receiving layer containing an alumina hydrate, said ink-receiving layer being formed by applying a coating liquid containing said alumina hydrate to said base material followed by drying to form a layer to be said ink-receiving layer, swelling said layer to be said ink-receiving layer again, and pressing the swollen layer to a heated mirror-finish drum for drying, the glossiness of the surface of the recording medium on the side of the ink-receiving layer as measured at 20° being 20% or more.

Abstract: In a glass panel includes at least three glass sheets for forming an air layer (K) and a vacuum layer (S) side by side and for partitioning between outdoor space and indoor space, at least either an outdoor-side glass sheet contacting the outdoor space or an indoor-side glass sheet contacting the indoor space of the glass sheets (G) contacts the vacuum layer (S) and includes a low-emittance film layer (M) formed on a face thereof contacting the vacuum layer (S).

Abstract: Provided is a thermoplastic resin structure formed of a resin composition that comprises substantially (a) from 5 to 80% by volume of a polyolefin resin and (b) from 20 to 95% by volume of a polyphenylene sulfide resin, which is characterized in that, in morphology therein seen through electronic microscopy, the polyphenylene sulfide resin (b) forms a matrix phase (continuous phase) and the polyolefin resin (a) forms a disperse phase. The thermoplastic resin structure gives plastic containers, tubes and their Attached parts having good barrier properties, strength, durability and workability.

Abstract: A composite material is provided that includes an array of machine elements disposed within a matrix material. Each machine element includes a cross-section defining an internal space that is filled with a viscous fluid. Preferably, the machine elements are provided in complementary pairs of tubular members, with the internal spaces of the tubular members communicating with one another. When subjected to a predetermined force, the cross-sections of the tubular members change shape, changing the volume of the internal spaces, and causing fluid to flow into or out of the internal spaces. Preferably, under the predetermined force, one tubular member increases in volume and the other tubular member simultaneously decreases in volume, thereby causing fluid to flow between the tubular elements to dissipate energy from the predetermined force.

Abstract: Insulated intravenous administration tubing is disclosed. One embodiment of the present invention includes a single medical solution or I.V. tubing manufactured of a polymeric material having good flexibility and comprising an insulation polymer or having an insulation medium applied to the inner or outer surface of the tube or blended into the tube during or after forming, with Mylar being an advantageous insulation material. The present invention may also consist of a long tubular-like structure which consists of two concentric channels, an inner channel and an outer channel. The inner channel accepts and encloses the tubing in which warm fluid flows. Three key functions are, achieved: the inner channel is centered within the outer channel; this provides for maximum insulation efficiency/properties with the minimum of separating space, transparency may be provided; i.e. the more transparent the insulation the better the ability of the user to see the quality of the warm fluid flowing within, i.e.

Abstract: A linerless label is provided, that can be easily imaged, printed, or hand written upon by the end user. The label consists of a single ply, dispensed usually in a roll form, or alternatively, in a stacked form. A label roll is formed from a web of ply. The face of the web is stripe coated with an adhesive repellant release coat. The back of the web of ply is stripe coated with adhesive. Upon winding the web of ply into a roll, the adhesive on the back of the web of ply overlies the adhesive repellant stripes on the face of the web therebelow. The regions of the face of the web of ply not striped with adhesive repellant form areas for user printing and handwriting. Further, any portion of the face of the web of ply may be press printed prior to the application of the adhesive repellant stripes. Likewise, a label stack includes a plurality of label sheets superposed one on top the other.

Abstract: An acoustic board with an improved composite structure (1), suitable for reducing the sound of aircraft engines, wherein an upper layer consists of a fabric (7) having a high sensitivity to sound velocity and a supporting sheet (4) having a certain porosity; the upper layer is combined, in turn, with an intermediate honeycomb layer (2) and with a lower layer (5) of the conventional type.

Abstract: A molded wood flake or strand part (14) is shown, having a densified and/or thinner perimeter surrounding a hole (15) in the part. The method of making such part includes narrowing the mold cavity surrounding the hole, and/or providing a hole punch (17) with a shoulder which projects beyond the surface of the mold, to further compress the wood flakes or strands near the hole.

Abstract: A friction disk suitable for running as an assembly of interleaved disks in a transmission is disclosed. A rigid metallic core on backing plate is covered on one or both sides with a wafer of non-woven yarn wherein the yarn comprises a continuous wound length of heat resistant yarn in a non-overlapping fashion. The yarn is bonded to the core by a thermosetting resin, which is impregnated into the yarn by less than 80% by weight to preserve porosity and allowing penetration of the cooling transmission fluid. The yarn preferably is composed of carbon fibers or filaments.

Abstract: A novel expandable composition and method for using the same are disclosed. The disclosed method relates to using the composition, for example, as an automotive cavity sealant. The inventive composition normally is a combination of at least one base polymer, at least one expansion or blowing agents, at least one hydrocarbon resin, at least one curing agent or catalyst and optionally at least one additives such as a supplemental polymer, colorant, tackifier, processing oil, among others.

Abstract: An elastic laminate web is disclosed. The elastic laminate web can be non-apertured or apertured, and comprises a first web, and a second web joined to the first web in a face to face relationship at a plurality of discrete bond sites having an aspect ratio of at least 2. The first and second webs form an interior region therebetween. An elastic material is disposed between the first and second webs. The elastic material is apertured in regions coincident the bond sites, such that the first and second webs are joined through the apertures. The laminate so produced can be stretched in a predetermined direction, such as by incremental stretching, to produce an apertured elastic laminate.

Abstract: A disposable wipe-out sheet that includes a plurality of long fibers bonded to a heat-sealable base sheet by sealing lines. The long fibers include groups continuously extending between each pair of the adjacent sealing lines to form bridge-like portions and groups severed in two sections between each pair of the adjacent sealing lines so as to fluff upward on the base sheet.

Abstract: A roofing membrane, includes at least one support layer and a plurality of strips arranged in spaced-apart disposition at least on one side of the support layer and made of bituminous material and have a penetration depth between about 120 and 170 at a temperature of 50° C., and a softening point between about 100° C. and 110° C. The strips of bituminous material are separated from one another by a layer of scattered material and are covered by a fusible film. The film is composed of a plurality of strips which are oriented in parallel relationship to the bituminous strips but not interconnected.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a method for printing an image on a substrate. An image is printed onto a carrier substrate that has been coated with a receptive layer having at least two layers: a transferable skin layer and an absorptive layer. The image is then transferred to a final substrate using heat and pressure.

Abstract: Unsaturated polyetherester resins, and processes for making them, are described which are useful for making curable thermoset resin compositions, intermediates for curable thermoset resin compositions, fiber-reinforced polymer composites, intermediates for making skin laminates for gel coated fiber-reinforced composites and gel coated polymer laminates. The unsaturated polyetherester resins are obtainable by reacting at least one acid-terminated unsaturated polyetherester resin with at least one aromatic polyol having at least one non-primary hydroxy group to produce an unsaturated polyetherester resin at least partially end-capped with an aromatic polyol. The described processes, compositions, methods and uses improve the chemical and/or water resistance of resin compositions, particularly composite materials having a gel coat.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for manufacturing products through the use of waste materials of various kind, such as heterogeneous plastic materials, wood, minerals, etc., derived from recycling processes, differentiated waste collection systems, solid urban wastes, industrial processing scraps or by-products, and the like, such products being adapted to be used in a wide range of most varied applications, particularly though not exclusively for manufacturing structural parts and decorative finishes for office furniture as well as furniture for cinematography theaters, communities, concert halls and the like.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods for producing substrates for electric circuits, particularly ultra high frequency circuits, and electric components for mounting thereon employing for the purpose mixtures of polymers and finely powdered filler materials, the latter having specific electric characteristics, such as dielectric constant and/or resistivity. Any one substrate or component can be manufactured to have at least two body regions, and even multiple body regions, each of which has a different characteristic such as dielectric constant or resistivity. The regions can be formed separately as substrate or component preforms and thereafter placed together in a mold and united into a single body by a heating and pressing operation that at least melts polymer at the junctions to bond them together. If necessary, the heat and pressure conditions are such as to melt the polymer and force it uniformly into the interstices between the filler particles to form a strong, unitary body.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium which is thermally stable and produces low media noise. By providing a plurality of intermediate layers made of a CoCr alloy of which saturation magnetic flux densities are controlled within a predetermined range, the magnetic recording medium simultaneously realizes both a high S/Nm and thermal stability.

Abstract: Cured perfluoroelastomer articles are disclosed which have improved surface characteristics. The articles are coated with a thin durable film comprising a polysiloxane and urethane oligomer which reduces surface stickiness, while maintaining the sealing properties of the article.

Abstract: A splittable yarns, fiber or filaments and a method and device for their production. The yarns, fiber or filaments includes at least two elementary filaments of a first polymer A and each second elementary filament is sheathed with a second polymer B.

Abstract: A melt spinnable multicomponent fiber is provided that comprises a first component comprising a starch insolubilizing agent and a thermoplastic polymer, and a second component comprising destructurized starch and a plasticizer. The insolubilizing agent acts on the starch of the second component to render the starch less soluble when the fiber is exposed to water. The invention is also directed to nonwoven webs and disposable articles comprising the multicomponent fibers.

Abstract: A method of preparing a hydrophobic partially aggregated colloidal silica, the method comprising reacting (a) a silica sol comprising at least one hydrophilic partially aggregated colloidal silica with (b) an organosilicon compound selected from (i) at least one organosilane having the formula R1aHbSiX4−a−b, (ii) at least one organocyclosiloxane having the formula (R12SiO)m, (iii) at least one organosiloxane having the formula R13SiO(R1SiO)nSiR13, and (iv) a mixture comprising at least two of (i) (ii), and (iii), in the presence of (c) water (d) an effective amount of a water-miscible organic solvent, and (e) an acid catalyst, to produce the hydrophobic partially aggregated colloidal silica and an aqueous phase, wherein R1 is hydrocarbyl or substituted hydrocarbyl; X is a hydrolysable group; a is 0, 1, 2, or 3; b is 0 or 1; a+b=1, 2, or 3, provided when b=1, a+b=2 or 3; m has an average value of from 3 to 10; and n has an average value of from 0 to 10; and the hydrop

Abstract: A carbon material is formed by heat-treating a carbonaceous material in a reaction mix of boron oxide or its precursors and ammonia-generating phases such as melamine or its like in a nitrogen atmosphere to temperatures of 1600 to 2000° C. The surface of the carbonaceous material is transformed into a carbon material that is resistant to oxidation to temperatures of 900° C., enabling machined components to be utilized for weeks at that temperature. The carbon material also is stable in inert or vacuum environments to temperatures in the range of 1500 to 2000° C., enabling its use as aluminum evaporative boats and the like.

Abstract: Electronic apparatus having a heat transfer/stress-reducing layer combined with a device layer and methods of fabricating such electronic apparatus provide a means for incorporating a heat transfer layer in an integrated circuit. A structure with a diamond layer incorporated beneath a device layer provides a heat transfer layer for the structure. In an embodiment, a compliant layer is formed between a diamond layer and a substrate to provide stress reduction. In another embodiment, a diamond layer is formed as a layer of islands of diamond from nucleation centers to provide stress reduction.

Abstract: In order to disclose a structure, which performs the functions of a structured, organic, electrically conductive, transparent electrode and an orientation layer, a cost-reducing and time-saving method for producing such a structure, and uses of this structure, the invention proposes a layer on a substrate, which layer contains an organic, transparent, electrically conductive material and which has a preferred orientation, a method for producing such a layer, in which a transparent, electrically conductive layer is produced and oriented on a substrate, and a use of such a layer as a combined electrode-and orientation layer in LC displays.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an anti-friction and anti-wear liquid coating composition for use with parts made of materials that have softening points below about 300° F. and articles so coated. The present invention also relates to a method of coating parts made from a low softening point materials with an anti-friction and anti-wear hard coating composition. The coating composition comprises a mixture of (i) solid lubricants comprising boron nitride, graphite and molybdenum disulfide, (ii) a thermoset resin system, (iii) catalyst for curing the resin system and (iv) a solvent system comprising highly volatile solvents. The coating composition is applied to the part and cured to form a coating on the part.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition containing silico-organic nanohybrid and/or microhybrid capsules for scratch-resistant and/or abrasion-resistant coatings, wherein the silico-organic nanohybrid and/or microhybrid system includes one or more small metal oxide cores A and a substantially complete, silico-organic shell B, and the composition can be obtained by a reaction performed in situ, in a synthetic resin or in a synthetic-resin precursor compound, between metal oxide particles (KA-O) and at least one organofunctional silicon compound which contains an organofunctional group and at least one hydrolyzable group or at least one hydroxy group. The present invention also relates to the use of such compositions as the base for lacquers for producing a scratch-resistant and abrasion-resistant coating on a substrate as well as articles provided with corresponding scratch-resistant as well as abrasion-resistant coatings.

Abstract: Coated articles are provided with an anti-reflection system(s) which enables high visible transmission and/or low visible reflection. Neutral color is also achievable in certain example embodiments. In certain example embodiments, the anti-reflection system(s) is used in conjunction with a double silver (Ag) layer stack which provides low sheet resistance and/or emissivity.

Abstract: A silicone compound, either alone or in combination with a photoacid generator, is added to a branched polysilane compound. According to this constitution, highly reliable polymer material and polymer film can be realized which have excellent stability of refractive index against heat and high transparency and, when the photoacid generator is contained, can cause a change in refractive index upon exposure to ultraviolet light with high sensitivity and high resolution.

Abstract: A fuser member having a substrate, an outer fluoroelastomer layer having one of i) copolymers of two of vinylidene fluoride, hexafluoropropylene and tetrafluoroethylene; ii) terpolymers of vinylidene fluoride, hexafluoropropylene and tetrafluoroethylene; and iii) tetrapolymers of vinylidene fluoride, hexafluoropropylene, tetrafluoroethylene, and a cure site monomer; and a fluorinated silicone release agent.

Abstract: A titanium layer is formed on a substrate with chemical vapor deposition (CVD). First, a seed layer is formed on the substrate by combining a first precursor with a reducing agent by CVD. Then, the titanium layer is formed on the substrate by combining a second precursor with the seed layer by CVD. The titanium layer is used to form contacts to active areas of substrate and for the formation of interlevel vias.

Abstract: A method for coating zinc, zinc plated, or steel articles with a hydroxy benzoic acid protective coating by coating a cleaned zinc, zinc plated, or steel with a hydoxy benzoic acid composition having a pH of about 2.0 to 5.0; and coating cleaned tin surfaced articles with a composition having a PH of 2.0 to 12.0, and the composition having as its essential ingredients proteins, amino acids, amino acid—protein compounds and amine alcohols; and the articles produced thereby along with the coated articles having an appropriate paint thereon.

Abstract: A pigment with modified properties because of the powder size being below 100 nanometers. Blue, yellow and brown pigments are illustrated. Nanoscale coated, un-coated, whisker inorganic fillers are included. Stoichiometric and non-stoichiometric composition are disclosed. The pigment nanopowders taught comprise one or more elements from the group actinium, aluminum, antimony, arsenic, barium, beryllium, bismuth, cadmium, calcium, cerium, cesium, cobalt, copper, chalcogenide, dysprosium, erbium, europium, gadolinium, gallium, gold, hafnium, hydrogen, indium, iridium, iron, lanthanum, lithium, magnesium, manganese, mendelevium, mercury, molybdenum, neodymium, neptunium, nickel, niobium, nitrogen, oxygen, osmium, palladium, platinum, potassium, praseodymium, promethium, protactinium, rhenium, rubidium, scandium, silver, sodium, strontium, tantalum, terbium, thallium, thorium, tin, titanium, tungsten, vanadium, ytterbium, yttrium, zinc, and zirconium.

Abstract: Gold powders and methods for producing gold powders. The powders preferably have a small particle size, narrow size distribution and a spherical morphology. The method includes forming the particles by a spray pyrolysis technique. The invention also includes novel devices and products formed from the gold powders.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium has a substrate, a base layer formed on the substrate and including a magnetic material, a switching layer formed on the base layer and including a nonmagnetic material, and a recording layer formed on the switching layer and having a structure comprising magnetic particles and a nonmagnetic wall buried between the magnetic particles. The medium meets the condition of TcB>Tsw, where TcB is a Curie temperature of the base layer, and Tsw is a temperature at which the recording layer and the base layer begin to exert exchange coupling interaction.

Abstract: An epoxy resin composition for encapsulation of semiconductors which contains substantially no halogen-based flame retarding agents or antimony compounds having properties of moldability, flame retardance, high-temperature storage characteristics, reliability for moisture resistance, and solder cracking resistance. The epoxy resin composition for encapsulating semiconductors contains (A) an epoxy resin, (B) a phenolic resin, (C) a curing accelerator, (D) an inorganic filler and (E) a phosphazene compound as essential components, the total weight of phosphate ion and phosphite ion contained in the phosphazene compound being not more than 500 ppm. Further, the epoxy resin composition may optionally contain a flame-retarding assistant or an ion scavenger.

Abstract: A coated metal reinforcement element for polymeric or elastomeric materials comprises a coating of: a polymer or prepolymer compatible with and co-polymerizable, co-vulcanizable or crosslinkable with said polymeric or elastomeric material to be reinforced, and bearing functional groups; either covalently bonding to the metal surface of said reinforcement element; or forming covalent bonds with the outward directed first functional groups of a mono-or multimolecular layer of a bifunctional adhesion promotor intercalated between said metal by its second functional groups. A method for the coating includes a one step and a two step procedure.

Abstract: Disclosed is an alloy coating which can be advantageously applied to members for high temperature apparatuses so as to prolong the service life of the members. The alloy coating comprises an alloy. This alloy comprises: at least one member, as a base, selected from the group consisting of Re, Ir, Nb, Ta, Mo, and W; and at least one alloying element for imparting corrosion resistance. A method for forming the alloy coating, and a member for high temperature apparatuses, to which the alloy coating has been applied, are also disclosed.

Abstract: Organic light emitting devices are described wherein the emissive layer comprises a host material containing an emissive molecule, which molecule is adapted to luminesce when a voltage is applied across the heterostructure, and the emissive molecule is selected from the group of phosphorescent organometallic complexes, including cyclometallated platinum, iridium and osmium complexes. The organic light emitting devices optionally contain an exciton blocking layer. Furthermore, improved electroluminescent efficiency in organic light emitting devices is obtained with an emitter layer comprising organometallic complexes of transition metals of formula L2MX, wherein L and X are distinct bidentate ligands. Compounds of this formula can be synthesized more facilely than in previous approaches and synthetic options allow insertion of fluorescent molecules into a phosphorescent complex, ligands to fine tune the color of emission, and ligands to trap carriers.

Abstract: An organic luminescence device is constituted by a pair of an anode and a cathode, and at least one organic luminescence function layer disposed between the anode and the cathode. At least one organic luminescence function layer described above includes a layer of a fused polynuclear compound represented by the following formula (I): wherein R1, R2, R3 and R4 independently denote hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group, a substituted amino group or cyano group; and Ar1 and Ar2 independently denote a substituted or unsubstituted fused polynuclear aromatic group or a substituted or unsubstituted fused polynuclear heterocyclic group.

Abstract: The invention is directed to oxidized charge transport materials having hole transport capability in organic light emitting device (OLEDs). A charge transport compound including more than two triarylamine groups, or including at least one triarylamine group and at least one fluorene group, is partly complexed with an oxidant, such as a Lewis acid, preferably present in an amount between 0.2 and 20 percent by weight. The resulting charge transport materials exhibit good hole transport characteristics and film forming properties.

Abstract: There is provided a light emitter for a display comprising a photoalignment layer; and photoaligned on said photoalignment layer, a light emitting polymer. Also provided are methods for forming the light emitter and the use of the light emitter in displays, backlights, electronic apparatus and security viewers.

Abstract: A polymer compound comprising a repeating unit represented by formula (1) and a repeating unit represented by formula (2), wherein, Ar1, Ar2 and Ar6 each independently represent an arylene group, a divalent heterocyclic compound group, etc.; Ar3 is an arylene group, arylene vinylene group, or a divalent heterocyclic compound group; Ar4 and Ar5 are each independently an aryl group or a monovalent heterocyclic compound group. The polymer compound has excellent characteristics of strong fluorescence and large charge transporting property.

Abstract: Fused conjugated polymers having the following general formula wherein X=C or N; R1-R16 is independently selected from H, D, alkyl, alkoxyl, silyl, aromatic ring, fused aromatic ring, heteroaromatic ring, fused heteroaromatic ring, diarylamino group, carbazole, and at least one of them being a crosslinkable group consisting of a vinyl double bond or an azide group are useful in the fabrication of organic light emitting devices.