Abstract: A joining directional control valve 13 is disposed to supply, to an arm cylinder 4, not only a hydraulic fluid delivered from a first hydraulic pump 1, but also a hydraulic fluid delivered from a second hydraulic pump 2 when an arm directional control valve 14 is driven. Respective delivery pressures of the hydraulic pumps 1, 2 are detected by pressure sensors 101, 102, and the opening area of a recovery control valve 6 is controlled depending on a lower one of the detected pressures from the pressure sensors 101, 102 such that, even in the combined operation of the arm cylinder 4 and another actuator 3, 4, the hydraulic fluid can be recovered for return to the arm cylinder 4 when the load pressure of the arm cylinder 4 is low. Thus, by supplying the hydraulic fluids from the two hydraulic pumps to the particular actuator for which the hydraulic fluid is to be recovered, a recovery flow rate is ensured when the load of the particular actuator is low in the combined operation.

Abstract: The present invention makes it possible, in an HST drive circuit wherein an HST pump and an HST motor have been separately stored in a pump case and a motor case, to efficiently cool the HST drive circuit. A cooling line for, while discharging a relief oil from a charge circuit 9 for replenishing an HST closed circuit 5 with a pressure oil into a pump case 3, making the discharged oil flow into a reservoir 7 through the pump case 3, a communicating pipe 14, a motor case 4, and an oil cooler 16 is formed, so that hydraulic oil circulating through an HST pump 1, an HST motor 2, and the HST closed circuit 5 is cooled by an oil flowing through the cooling line.

Abstract: Present implementations provide an approach that allows for a double-acting, multi-cylinder, thermodynamically resonant, alpha configuration free-piston Stirling system. The system includes overstroke preventers that control extent of piston travel to prevent undesirable consequences of piston travel beyond predetermined limits. The overstroke preventers involve controlled work extraction out of the system or controlled work input into the system. Implementations can also include duplex linear alternators, and/or frequency tuning systems, and/or vibration balancing configurations.

Abstract: A method of controlling a shape memory alloy actuator includes applying power to a shape memory alloy actuator. A measured actuation parameter is obtained from the shape memory alloy actuator. An operational characteristic parameter is derived based upon the power and the measured actuation parameter. An actuation state parameter is identified from the operational characteristic parameter. The actuation state parameter is used to modify the control of the shape memory alloy actuator.

Abstract: A braking force generator includes a primary piston displaceable in a housing to enclose a primary pressure chamber. A pedal simulation device is connected to the force input element. A pedal actuation detection device detects the pedal actuation and an actuating force booster stage. During normal operation the force input element is mechanically uncoupled from the primary piston, and the actuating force booster stage exerts an actuating force on the primary piston. In the event of failure of the actuating force booster stage the force input element is workingly connectable to the primary piston such that a contact extension extends from the primary piston towards the force input element. During normal operation the contact extension is held by a release gap at a distance from the force input element and in the event of failure of the actuating force booster stage the force input element after travelling the release gap is applied workingly against the contact extension.

Abstract: A high temperature steam valve has a valve casing including a main steam inlet, a main steam outlet and a valve chest. The high temperature steam valve also has a valve seat positioned in the valve chest, a valve element facing the valve seat, and a valve rod slidably penetrating the valve casing to drive the valve element. A cooling steam hole is provided to surround a valve-rod penetrating portion of the valve casing. Cooling steam can be poured into the cooling steam hole from outside through a cooling steam inlet hole and steam having finished heat exchange can be exhausted from a cooling steam outlet hole into the valve chest. The sliding portion between the valve rod provided in the valve-rod penetrating portion of the valve casing and bush is cooled to prevent oxidized scale from depositing on the sliding portion.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the extraction of energy from flue gases of a furnace which is operated with a fuel and which is used in a process for the production of melamine, the process comprising a first heat exchange step in which the flue gases are heat exchanged with a first process stream, and in which the flue gases are heat exchanges with a second process stream in a second heat exchange step. The invention also relates to an apparatus for supplying heat in a process for the preparation of melamine, and to a process for optimizing an existing apparatus.

Abstract: A method for producing power from a heat source comprises the steps of: heating an intermediate fluid with heat from the heat source and producing a vaporized intermediate fluid in an intermediate fluid heater/vaporizer. Heat from the vaporized intermediate fluid vaporizes an organic liquid working fluid present in an organic working fluid vaporizer to form a vaporized organic working fluid and intermediate fluid condensate. The vaporized organic working fluid is expanded in an organic vapor turbine for generating power and producing expanded vaporized organic working fluid; the expanded organic vaporized working fluid being condensed to produce an organic fluid condensate with the organic fluid condensate being supplied to the organic fluid vaporizer. According to the present invention, prior to supplying the vaporized intermediate fluid to the organic fluid vaporizer the vaporized intermediate fluid is expanded in an intermediate fluid vapor turbine and power is produced.

Abstract: A method and a device for steering and regulating components of a hybrid driveline (1, 2). For the mode of operation sparing in fuel and poor in emission of a motor vehicle having one such driveline, it is provided that the input torque desired by the driver be distributed among the drive torques of one internal combustion machine (VM) and of at least one electric machine (EM1, EM2) and such a driving mode be selected so that the state of charge of an electric energy accumulator (28) is optimally adapted to the actual rather dynamic or rather economic mode of operation of the driver.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for recycling carbon dioxide emissions from a fossil-fuel power plant into useful carbonated species The process primarily comprises the steps of: a) burning the fossil fuel, thereby generating heat and a hot exhaust gas containing CO2; and b) converting the heat into energy. The process is characterized in that it further comprises the steps of: c) cooling the exhaust gas; and d) biologically transforming the CO2 contained in the cooled exhaust gas into carbonated species, thereby obtaining a low CO2 exhaust gas and producing useful carbonated species. The low CO2 exhaust gas obtained in step d) can be released in the atmosphere without increasing the problem of greenhouse effect.

Abstract: Disclosed is a system for thermally conditioning and pumping a fluid. The system includes a thermoelectric heat exchanger having a thermoelectric device configured to pump heat. Heat exchangers are provided for transferring heat to and from the thermoelectric device and for generating a fluid flow across the thermoelectric device. The conditioned fluid may be placed in thermal communication with a variety of objects, such as a vehicle seat, or anywhere localized heating and cooling are desired. Thermal isolation may also be provided in the direction of flow to enhance efficiency.

Abstract: The present invention uses electric current to either chill or warm air ambient air. The Portable Thermoelectric Cooling and Heating Device is composed of an array of thermoelectric units, a driving fan, a cold sink, a hot sink, air baffles and a cooling fan. The thermoelectric units are arranged in contact with the cold sink (cold side) and hot sink (hot side). Applying a current causes a temperature difference to develop between each side. The driving fan creates a pressure gradient is to pull air through the center of the cold sink. The cooling fan pulls air through an arrangement of baffles connected to the hot sink to help dissipate heat. The result is chilled or hot air, depending on the direction of the current. The invention allows for several improvements over current heating and air-conditioning systems: a simplified design without moving parts, elimination of the need for FREON, improved versatility and others.

Abstract: A cooling/heating pad of the present invention includes a pad portion, a water reservoir system and a heat exchanger, wherein the pad portion has the pad portion is a foldable, thin, double-layered bag and has a plurality of adhered regions formed by a hot-press or ultrasonic hot melting process to form the water channel between the adhered regions; the water reservoir system has a water reservoir and a water circulating pump, the water reservoir having a water inlet and a water outlet, the water inlet of the water reservoir connected to the water outlet of the water channel, and the water circulating pump moving the cooling water in the water reservoir from the water outlet of the water reservoir to the water inlet of the water channel; and the heat exchanger includes an electrical heating semiconductor chip, and a thermal conductor mounted on one side of the electrical heating semiconductor chip; wherein the thermal conductor directly contacts the cooling water in the water reservoir, or is mounted on a wat

Abstract: In a regenerator to be formed by winding a resin film into a cylindrical shape, a projection is formed on a surface of the resin film by subjecting the resin film in itself to plastic deformation, either by stamping or by laser beam irradiation. Thereafter, the resin film is stacked. The projection provides a gap between layers of the stacked resin film to be a flow passage for a working gas. Thus, a regenerator of high heat exchange efficiency is provided with ease and at low cost.

Abstract: A partition member partitions off a cooling stage of a refrigerator from a refrigerant container, containing a refrigerant gas condensed by the cooling stage, of a cooling system, and a low melting point metal held in the partition member brings the cooling stage into thermally contact with the refrigerant container. This makes it possible to exchange only the broken refrigerator without stopping the operation of the cooling system.

Abstract: A reciprocating compressor with an improved lubrication performance by using a lubricant in harmony with a refrigerant compressed therein, which includes: a hermetic container (6) to which a suction pipe (2) for sucking a refrigerant and a discharge pipe (4) for discharging a compressed refrigerant; a driving unit (8) disposed inside the hermetic container (6) and generating a reciprocal motional force; a compression unit (10) for receiving the reciprocal motional force from the driving unit (8) and compressing an ethane group-based R134a refrigerant; and a lubrication unit (12) for supplying a lubricant to each motional portion of the driving unit (8) and the compression unit (10) and performing a lubricating operation thereon and using an ester-based lubricant, a sort of synthetic fluid with a density of 0.91˜0.99 (15/4° C.

Abstract: A refrigeration unit applied, for example, to an air conditioning system for a car has a condenser, an expansion valve, and an evaporator interposed in a refrigerant circulation passage in the order named. The circulation passage includes a fluid-flowing area for a liquid refrigerant from the condenser to the expansion valve, and a gas-flowing area mainly for a gaseous refrigerant from the evaporator to the compressor. The refrigeration unit is provided with a detector for detecting the presence of the gaseous refrigerant in the liquid-flowing area. If the detector detects the gaseous refrigerant, a warning light indicative of a refrigerant leak is turned on.

Abstract: A damper assembly includes a damper frame, at least one damper blade, an actuator and a sensor module. The damper blade(s) is/are movably attached to the damper frame to at least partially regulate air flow proximate the damper frame. The actuator is configured to control a position of the at least one damper blade. The sensor module is coupled to a first damper blade and includes a sensor device operable to determine position information regarding the position of the damper blade. The sensor module further includes a wireless communication circuit that is operable to communicate the position information to a second wireless communication circuit disposed off of or away from the damper blade.

Abstract: A heat pump is provided with a discharge valve on a discharge line. The discharge valve can be positioned to modulate or pulse refrigerant flow from the discharge line heading toward an indoor heat exchanger, when in a heating mode. By providing this restriction, the pressure and the temperature of the refrigerant increases. This increased temperature provides additional heating capacity as well as increases the temperature of the delivered indoor air, minimizing “cold blow” and making the end user more comfortable. The use of discharge valve can also minimize or entirely eliminate the ON/OFF unit cycling, as the amount of heat delivered can be precisely controlled by pulsing or modulating the valve, thus reducing unit cycling losses, improving user comfort and enhancing reliability.

Abstract: A heat pump four-way valve selectively routes refrigerant to either indoor or outdoor heat exchanger. The position of the plunger inside the valve can also be adjusted to selectively provide a hot gas by-pass function by routing a portion of refrigerant from discharge to suction line. The four-way valve preferably is positioned such that it can either operate in a conventional heat pump mode, or can be positioned to perform an unloaded hot gas by-pass function.

Abstract: Refrigerating system for a refrigerator including a variable capacity compressor having a varied rate of compressed refrigerant delivery for compressing refrigerant, a condenser for condensing the refrigerant compressed by the variable capacity compressor, a freezing chamber expansion valve for expanding condensed refrigerant, a freezing chamber evaporator for cooling air by using the refrigerant supplied from the freezing chamber expansion valve, two or more than two refrigerating chamber expansion valves having different lengths of refrigerant flow passages, for expanding the condensed refrigerant, two or more than two refrigerating chamber evaporators having different lengths of refrigerant flow passages, for cooing air by using the refrigerant from the refrigerating chamber expansion valves, respectively, and a distributor between the condenser and the expansion valves for selective supply of the refrigerant to the expansion valves according to an operation time period of the refrigerating system, thereby

Abstract: Refrigerating system for a refrigerator including a compressor for compressing refrigerant, a condenser connected to the compressor for condensing compressed refrigerant, an expansion valve connected to the condenser for expanding condensed refrigerant, freezing chamber, and refrigerating chamber evaporators connected to the expansion valve for cooing air in a freezing chamber and a refrigerating chamber by using refrigerant respectively, and a regulating valve between the condenser and the refrigerating chamber evaporator for regulating refrigerant supply to the refrigerating chamber evaporator, thereby providing a refrigerating system for a refrigerator having high efficiency.

Abstract: In an operation control apparatus and a method thereof, the compressor can be protected from overloading through a current control device instead of an OLP (Over Load Protector) and a PTC thermistor (Positive Temperature Coefficient thermistor). The operation control apparatus includes: a stroke estimated unit for estimating a stroke of the compressor on the basis of a current and a voltage applied to an interior motor of the compressor and a motor constant of the interior motor; a control unit for generating a control signal for varying a stroke of the compressor on the basis of the estimated stroke value and a preset stroke reference value; and a current control means being turned on/off so as to vary a stroke voltage applied to the interior motor of the compressor.

Abstract: An air conditioner has a controller that controls the operation of a refrigerant circuit that has a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve or orifice tube, and an evaporator. The condenser receives a compressed refrigerant from the compressor and condenses the refrigerant to either a liquid phase or a saturated liquid-vapor phase. The condensed refrigerant is then passed through the expansion valve or orifice tube to expand the refrigerant and to delivery the refrigerant to the evaporator. The controller is operatively coupled to the compressor to operate the compressor to change an average condenser temperature of the condenser from a first temperature to a second temperature that is lower than the first temperature based on at least one control signal indicative of thermal requirements of a vehicle component influenced by the average condenser temperature of the condenser.

Abstract: A self propelled food and beverage receptacle. This device has an insulated storage means, in combination with a driving mechanism. Said driving mechanism allows for differential speed, steering, and breaking. The present device is thought to be most beneficial in serving large crowds, where the stored cargo must be quickly and efficiently transported over relatively large distances. Particular embodiments are envisioned where a device operator may ride upon said receptacle, or merely guide said receptacle with very little effort.

Abstract: In order to provide a food transport container, comprising an air circulation device, by which air is taken in from the interior of the food transport container and blown out into the interior of the food transport container, wherein the air circulation device comprises at least one fan, that has a longer maintenance-free operating period and/or a longer useful life, it is proposed that the air circulation device comprises at least one air intake channel, through which the air is taken in by the fan indirectly from the interior of the food transport container.

Abstract: A self propelled food and beverage receptacle apparatus where an insulated receptacle is in combination with a series of wheels, a precise steering mechanism, and a motor. The apparatus is capable of differential speed, precise steering, and breaking. Moreover, this self propelled receptacle is thought to be most beneficial in serving large crowds, where the stored cargo must be quickly and efficiently transported over relatively large distances where other transportation systems are not available. Particular embodiments are envisioned where a device operator may ride upon the insulated receptacle, or merely guide the receptacle with very little effort. The apparatus may be configured to have three or four wheels.

Abstract: A device is provided for dampening compressor-induced vibration in an air conditioning system of the type having an indoor unit, an outdoor unit and a refrigerant conduit therebetween. The outdoor unit includes a compressor that is operable to circulate a vapor compression refrigerant through the conduit between the indoor and outdoor units. The dampening device is comprised of plural vibration dampening elements spaced along the conduit, with the spacing between adjacent elements corresponding to the wavelength of a natural vibratory frequency of the conduit. The device is preferably located proximate to the compressor and inside of the outdoor unit cabinet in which the compressor is housed. Various embodiments of the dampening device are disclosed.

Abstract: The thermal management system includes: one or more heat acceptors which remove heat from one or more warm temperature heat sources; one or more absorption heat pumps, which use the heat removed from the warm temperature heat sources to generate either refrigeration or heating; a transfer system, such as a generator pumped liquid loop, for moving heat from the warm temperature heat sources to the absorption heat pumps; a transfer system, such as an absorber pumped liquid loop, for directing heat from the absorption heat pumps to one or more heat sink(s) at one or more temperatures if the absorption heat pumps are generating refrigeration; a transfer system, such as an evaporator pumped liquid loop, for directing heat from one or more cool temperature heat sources, at one or more temperatures, to the absorption heat pump(s) if the absorption heat pump(s) are operating generating heating; a transfer system, such as an evaporator pumped liquid loop, for directing heat from one or more cooling loads to the absorp

Abstract: An expansion device for the heat pump applications consists of a flow resistance device that has a different resistance to refrigerant flow depending on the flow direction through this device. The flow resistance device has no moving parts so that it avoids the damage, wear and contamination problems of the moveable piston in the prior art. The flow resistance device is a fixed obstruction about which the fluid must flow when traveling through the expansion device.

Abstract: A sorptive heat exchanger (E), which presents a plurality of heat exchange channels (10) in thermal contact with respective sorption channels (11), where sorption material (12) is fixed on the internal surfaces of channels (11).

Abstract: A refrigeration system to increase the subcooling degree of refrigerant flowing through a main refrigerant circuit is provided. The refrigeration system is configured such that a portion of the refrigerant flowing through the main refrigerant circuit can be made to bypass the remainder of the main refrigerant circuit in a bypass refrigerant circuit so as to be returned to the intake side of a compressor and to be used to cool the refrigerant flowing through the main refrigerant circuit to a subcooled state.

Abstract: A condenser (10) and method for separating a fluid flow is provided. The condenser (10) maybe used for separating a cathode exhaust flow (60) into a condensed liquid (86) and a non-condensed gas (70). The condenser (10) includes a vertical inlet (14), a vertical outlet (16), a gas flow path (20), a liquid flow path (22), a non-condensed gas outlet (24) and a condensed liquid outlet (26).

Abstract: An earring hinge bar with an integral connecting pin is provided. The hinge bar and pin are of unitary construction, integrated into a single piece. The hinge bar is an elongated, substantially cylindrical member. The pin is at one end of the bar and extends from the bar at substantially ninety degrees to form a T-like shape and appearance.

Abstract: A jewelry arrangement is described having an elongated metal base having first and second surfaces. The first surface has defined therein a groove running along the length of the base. In one embodiment, the groove has a curved bottom and is less than half as wide as the first surface. In another embodiment, the first surface has two or more parallel grooves defined therein, each of the grooves having a curved bottom. In still another embodiment, the groove has a substantially flat bottom, and the jewelry arrangement also includes a filler arrangement disposed within the groove. The filler arrangement includes first and second tubular, elongated pieces of filler material positioned in an overlapping manner.

Abstract: The present invention provides inter-transformative jewelry articles, and kits and methods of making and using the same.

Abstract: A molding core includes: a core body having an article-shaping surface; and a hard coating formed on the article-shaping surface of the core body and including a diamond-like carbon film that includes carbon, oxygen, and at least one bonding-enhancing element which is selected from silicon, titanium, aluminum, tungsten, tantalum, chromium, zirconium, vanadium, niobium, hafnium, and boron, and which forms covalence bonding with the carbon and the oxygen.

Abstract: Apparatus for producing an interference pattern from an input optical beam, including a first optical element for separating the input optical beam into a plurality of divergent optical sub-beams and a second optical element including a first surface and a second surface. The first surface is optically coupled to the first optical element to receive at least two of the plurality of sub-beams. In addition, the second optical element is capable of redirecting via total internal reflection at least one of the sub-beams received at the first surface such that at least two sub-beams emerge from the second surface along respective paths intersecting one another outside the second optical element at a distance from the second surface.

Abstract: A known method for producing a cylindrical body uses a precipitation assembly (5) consisting of several precipitators (4), to which a parent substance is fed via medium supply lines (9), whereby the precipitation assembly (5) completes a closed trajectory (6) according to a predetermined displacement course, said trajectory comprising at least one precipitation path (8) that runs along the longitudinal axis (2) of the support. The aim of the invention is to provide an economical, reproducible, failsafe method based on said known procedure, which enables in particular the production of soot layers (3) on a support (1) at a high precipitation rate and nevertheless a high degree of uniformity. To achieve this, the displacement course (6) comprises a first loop (7a, 8) and a second loop (7b, 8), whereby the completion of the first loop (7a, 8) causes a right-hand torsion in the medium supply lines (9) and the completion of the second loop (7b, 8) causes a left-hand torsion in said lines (9).

Abstract: A knitted fabric bra formed of a length of circular knit material flattened into a double ply fabric with ends secured together to form a torso encircling main body portion having rounded top and bottom edges. A pair of lengths of circular knit material flattened into double ply fabrics have ends secured to the main body portion to form shoulder straps having rounded side edges. The main body portion has a pair of enlarged, relatively loosely knit, relatively highly resiliently stretchable breast pockets. Under-sections are formed below the breast pockets. A front section extends between the breast pockets. Side sections extend from the breast pockets and are connected by a back section. The yarn selection and stitch size are varied in knitting of the fabric to provide desired fabric characteristics.

Abstract: A washing machine for minimizing damage to laundry and enabling effective washing of the laundry. The washing machine includes a water tub, a drum, and a control unit. The drum is installed in the water tub so as to rotate in a forward and/or a reverse direction. The control unit controls the rotation directions and angles of the rotation of the drum to cause an asymmetric swing motion of the drum.

Abstract: A washing machine includes a rotary drum, a water tub, a supporting metallic part, a washing machine base, a motor, a controller, and a vibration detecting unit. The vibration detecting unit, inclusive of a differential transformer having a plurality of coils and a magnetic body, is disposed between the supporting metallic part and the washing machine base and detects a vibration of the water tub.

Abstract: First and second solenoid valves are connected respectively to a cold water supply pipe and hot water supply pipe. Washing machines having first and second inlets are connected through the pair of hoses to the solenoid valves on the water supply pipes. The circuit means are connected to the solenoid valves on the water supply pipe and the washing machine internal solenoid valves, so that the valves are operated in synchronism whereby the inlet valves internal to the washing machine are enabled prior to enabling the solenoid valves connected to the water supply pipes. The valve sequence is reversed during a disabled operation, so that the solenoid valves connected to the water supply pipes are closed prior to closing the inlet valves. The operational sequence of the valves reduces the static pressure within the hoses to substantially zero.

Abstract: A gun lock for receiving and clamping a cross-sectional portion of a firearm. A slide bar is provided for mounting the gun lock to a surface in a storage location such as a motor vehicle, home, office, a cabinet or any surface where a gun might be stored. A locking assembly slidably mountable to the slide bar is provided. A pivotably attachable ratchet arm which resembles typical handcuffs is provided. One arm has a plurality of ratchet teeth that enables the gun lock to clamp a wide variety of cross-sectional portions of weapons having different configurations. A solenoid activatable locking assembly is positioned within the lock. The solenoid has a plunger adapted to engage one of the ratchet teeth of the ratchet arm to lock the rotatable ratchet arm in position around the cross-sectional portion of the weapon to be locked. The solenoid locking assembly is releasable via a switch. A manual override assembly is also provided. The manual override assembly is activated with a key.

Abstract: The invention relates to a rotary locking mechanism which is preferably intended for lock cylinders. The inventive mechanism includes an electric motor, a locking bolt, an inertial rotating mechanism which converts the rotation of the motor into a rectilinear movement along the axis of the locking bolt, an elastic energy accumulator which is arranged in opposition to the backward retraction travel of the locking bolt and a rectilinear guide mechanism for the working extension/retraction travel of the locking bolt.

Abstract: The present invention is a key that includes a key head and a key blade, the key blade being connected to the key head. The key head and the key blade are each manufactured from an alloy that includes at least about 70% by weight copper, where the alloy includes less than about 6.0% by weight nickel, and is substantially free of lead.

Abstract: The rotary locking cylinder has a stator with a rotor and with tumblers which are to be arranged in place for the rotary release of the rotor using an associated key. At least one core pin consists of at least one inner part and one outer part. The length of the outer part and the length of the associated housing pin together result in a length which is greater than a length of a hole in which the housing pin is mounted. The rotary locking cylinder also cannot be opened by means of the “bump technique”.

Abstract: The invention relates to a drillable natural fertiliser and to a method for producing the same. The object of the invention is to describe or to characterize a natural fertiliser based on horse manure and a method for producing said fertiliser, which is simple, cost-effective and ecologically harmless and has good application properties. To this end, a natural fertiliser is produced, consisting of formed and dried horse droppings. The method for producing said fertiliser is characterized in that the horse droppings (manure excreted by horses) are collected and processed within a specific time frame.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a splined member avoids the generation of waste material and minimizes the amount of dimensional inaccuracies. A hollow cylindrical workpiece is initially provided from a material having a relatively high elongation characteristic. The material used to form the workpiece may be AA-5 154 grade aluminum alloy having an elongation characteristic that is in the range of from about 20% to about 30%, preferably in the range of from about 22% to about 28%, and most preferably about 25%. A mandrel having a plurality of external splines is inserted within workpiece, and the workpiece is deformed into engagement with the mandrel to form a splined member using a swaging process, such a rotary swaging or feed swaging. The splined member is thus formed having a plurality of internal splines and a cylindrical outer surface. The use of the swaging process avoids the generation of waste material.

Abstract: This invention aims at a bending process in the width direction on a blade member (1) without leaving any unprocessed portion. According to the present invention, the thickness-deviating process of making the front end edges (41, 51) of dies (4, 5) into a portion near the blade point (12) and flowing material of the blade member (1) is carried out. The thickness-deviating process is carried out at plural positions in the length direction on both sides of the blade member (1). By making the linear shapes of the front end edges (41, 51) meet each other in the width direction of the blade member (1), the thickness-deviating process is carried out.