Abstract: Methods and apparatus of forming stiffening structures in a material are disclosed. In an example method, a first bend line is formed in the material and a portion of the material is drawn toward the first bend line to form an intermediate stiffening structure. A second bend line is then formed adjacent and parallel to the first bend line so that the intermediate stiffening structure is located between the first and second bend lines. A plurality of stiffening structures is then formed in the intermediate stiffening structure without substantially stretching the material.

Abstract: A method for making punch heads includes a step of pulling a cylindrical metal material wrapped around a mandrel; a step of cutting the cylindrical metal material into sections; a step of inserting the sections into concavity of a mold set and punching a recess in a first end of each section by a first tool; a step of punching the recess into V-shaped recess and including a punching edge by a second tool; a step of pushing the sections out from the mold set by a pushing rod; and a step of obtaining a punch head.

Abstract: In a preferred embodiment, a crimping tool to crimp a cylindrical ring about cylindrical plastic pipe, including: first and second handles operative to open and close first and second jaws, respectively, pivotally attached, respectively, to proximal ends of the first and second handles and to each other; and the first and second jaws being toothless and defining therebetween, when the first and second jaws are closed, a cylindrical opening, the cylindrical opening to crimp the cylindrical ing about the cylindrical plastic pipe, and to produce a tight seal between the cylindrical plastic pipe, and to produce a tight seal between the cylindrical plastic pipe and a cylindrical substrate over which the cylindrical plastic pipe is inserted. A method of using the crimping tool is provided, as is using the crimping tool as a crimping gauge.

Abstract: The following invention refers to an equipment for cold-drawing a metal wire. The equipment comprises a succession of a sleeve (5) with a cylindrical hole (8) and a threading die (11) with a conical hole (14). The sleeve (5) is inserted into a support (6) and terminates with an extension (9) inserted into said conical hole (14) of the threading die (11). The support (6) has a first annular projection (20) and the threading die (11) has a second annular projection (22) coupled to said first projection (20) so as to keep the sleeve (5) and the threading die (11) in position.

Abstract: A gas sensor includes a gas detection chamber into which a detection gas is introduced, a detecting element and a compensating element each disposed in the gas detection chamber, a detection device which detects the concentration of a detection target gas contained in the detection gas, in accordance with a difference in electrical resistance values between the detecting element and the compensating element, and a dehumidifying element which is provided in the gas detection chamber, and reversibly absorbs water contained in the detection gas and drains off the water absorbed in the dehumidifying element.

Abstract: Measuring elements for the output of measured quantities in respect of the flow, namely the flow quantity and direction, the water pressure and the flow noise are integrated in a measurement probe (1) for water supply networks (13), whereby all these measuring elements are connected or can be connected to a data collector (12) by means of transmission by radio, modem or cable connection. The measurement probes are installed permanently at the key points (10) and at the most varied measurement points (11) following one another as closely as possible in the water supply network (13) and can thus contribute, by delivering all the necessary data, to the rapid tracing of leaks with pinpoint accuracy as well as to constant monitoring.

Abstract: A conduit is connected to the interstice between an outer and inner wall of a storage tank or the liner thereof and may be used to monitor the integrity of the interstice. The conduit comprises a coupling in fluid communication with the interstice, a tube connected at one end to the coupling and having a length sufficient to extend into a riser pipe of the tank. The conduit may also include a bushing holding the tube apart from the tank and providing for the variable positioning of the tube with respect to the tank. A method of monitoring the integrity of the interstice uses monitoring equipment connected to the conduit.

Abstract: This invention relates to a test stand for simulation of the exhaust flow of an internal combustion engine, comprising a cylinder (36) and a base body (39) which is designed as a cylinder head and in which at least one exhaust port (41, 42) which is monitored by a charge cycle valve (43, 44) is provided for simulation, and/or, mapping, of a combustion chamber and a trough and/or cup (40) is also provided, whereby the charge cycle valve (43, 44) can be operated with the help of a valve lift switching [device], a control device for the valve lift shifting and a device for filling the cylinder (36) with compressed air.

Abstract: A test system for computerized single car test devices. The test system includes at least one car tester having a first connector for connecting a first port to a brake pipe of the car, valves for selectively interconnecting ports of the tester, at least one pressure sensor sensing pressure at one or more of the ports, a communication circuit and a local controller connected to the valves and sensor and programmed to perform a test of the brake system and connected to the communication circuit to transmit test results. A plurality of car testers may be in communion with and controlled by the central controller at the same time.

Abstract: The present invention provides a tire monitoring system, its monitor receiver, a monitor and a sensor for monitoring conditions of a tire even when a tire is replaced with another tire fixed with a sensor employing a transmission method different from that employed by a monitor. In other words, the present invention has a communication methods table listing more than two types of transmission method information for a data communication between a sensor 100 and a monitor 200 stored in a monitor 200 and enables to set a data communication with any transmission method selected from the transmission methods table available in a tire monitoring system including sensors 100, each of which is provided for each of the tires 300 equipped to a vehicle and wirelessly sends the detected results about conditions of tires 300, and a monitor 200 for monitoring conditions of each of said tires 300 by receiving the detected result sent from each of sensors 100.

Abstract: A thermal mass flow sensor is disclosed that includes a housing (16) having a first sensor region and a second sensor region, a first thin film temperature sensor (39) formed at the first sensor region and a second thin film temperature sensor (58) formed at the second sensor region. A heating element (40) is arranged to heat the first temperature sensor (39) and a controller (46) is operably connected to the first temperature sensor (39), the second temperature sensor (58) and the heating element (40), and controls a power level to the heating element (40) to maintaining a temperature difference between the first temperature sensor (39) and the second temperature sensor (58). A thin film temperature sensor and a method of using the thermal mass flow sensor are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a probe (1) to detect the level of a liquid. particularly water, within a boiler (10), particularly in a small electric household appliance, comprising a probe plug (2), provided at the bottom with a joint (5) for coupling with the boiler body (10), a metallic disc element (7) for the electric contact, a metallic spring (6), provided on said probe plug (2), and in contact with said metallic disc (7), and the upper part of which contacts said spring, and means (11) for supplying said probe and/or transmitting the signal to an electric board, coupled with said metallic disc (7).

Abstract: A metal rod-shaped element for a liquid detecting device is essentially cylindrical and has first and second ends. In at least one length, starting from the second end, the element has an isolating coating and an electrode strip is provided which extends along a longitudinal axis of the element. The electrode strip is not electrically connected to the element and the strip comprises a high impedance material. Two flattened sections are provided where the metal of the element lies openly. In a cross sectional view the electrode strip is situated between the two flattened sections. A first contact mechanism is provided in order to establish, in the range of the first end, an electrical contact to the rod-shaped element, and a second contact mechanism is provided in order to establish, within the range of the first end, an electrical contact to the electrode strip.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fuel measuring device, more particularly, to a fuel measuring device having a non-intrusive (or non-contact) structure between a rotor and a magneto resistive sensor, resulting in reducing of measurement errors that are usually caused by imperfect mechanical contact or corroded contacts.

Abstract: A capacitance type humidity sensor includes: a detection substrate including a detection portion on a first side of the detection substrate; and a circuit board including a circuit portion. The detection portion detects humidity on the basis of capacitance change of the detection portion. The circuit portion processes the capacitance change as an electric signal. The detection substrate further includes a sensor pad on a second side of the detection substrate. The sensor pad is electrically connected to the detection portion through a conductor in a through hole of the detection substrate.

Abstract: A speed sensor (B, C) produces a signal that reflects the angular velocity of a shaft (4) which rotates in a case (2) having a mounting surface (10), beyond which the shaft projects to provide a target (6), and threaded holes (12) which open out of the mounting surface. The speed sensor includes a housing (20) and a sensing element (22) which is embedded in the housing. The housing, which is formed from a deformable material, has slots (44, 60) which align with the threaded holes in the case, and receive screws (24, 66) which thread into the holes to secure the speed sensor to the case. The speed sensor is positioned such that the proper air gap exists between its sensing element and the target. The screws, which extend through the slots, produce indentations (56, 74) in the deformable material of the housing, and these indentations receive the screws, so that the position of the sensor is fixed. Thus, the sensor, if removed, may be reinstalled in the same location.

Abstract: An acceleration sensor comprises a mass, which can be deflected in a first direction and a second direction opposite to the first direction, a driving means effective to vibrate the mass, a detection means for detecting times when the mass passes a predetermined position when an acceleration is applied, and an evaluation means which detects the acceleration based on the detected times during acceleration and times when the mass passes the predetermined position when no acceleration is applied. Thereby, it is achieved that the acceleration is detected inexpensively and accurately.

Abstract: The drop impact measuring system has i) a plurality of bimorph-type acceleration sensor containing a plurality of free vibrating sections each of which has individual draw-out electrodes; ii) a switch section for selecting output from the bimorph-type acceleration sensors; iii) an amplifying circuit for amplifying a signal applied via the switch section from the acceleration sensors; and iv) a logic circuit for logically evaluating the output from the amplifying circuit and controlling the switch section according to the result acquired from the logical evaluation.

Abstract: A first object is to provide a method for evaluating large-sized inclusions in a bearing steel. The method enables quantitative evaluation of large-sized inclusions even if the steel has a high degree of cleanliness. Further, a second object is to provide an appropriate bearing steel evaluated by the method for evaluating large-sized inclusions. Further, a third object is to provide a rolling bearing capable of eliminating short life products and cracked products and providing longer lifetime for entire bearings. In order to achieve the first object, a round bar formed of a bearing steel to be evaluated and an ultrasonic probe are placed in an ultrasonic transmission medium, and the size and number of large-sized inclusions that are present in the flaw detection volume are measured to estimate the existence probability of large-sized inclusions in the bearing steel to be evaluated.

Abstract: A sensor system for determining the position of at least one edge of at least one web material traveling along a predetermined path. In one embodiment, the sensor system has at least one transmitter block having a plurality of transmitters capable of selectively transmitting ultrasonic signals and at least one receiver block having a plurality of receivers capable of generating receiver output signals in response to the receivers receiving at least a portion of the ultrasonic signals transmitted by the at least one transmitter block. The receiver block is spaced a distance from the transmitter block so as to define a sensor field of view therebetween whereby at least a portion of the at least one web material traveling along a predetermined travel path interferes with at least a portion of the ultrasonic signals transmitted by the at least one transmitter block.

Abstract: A method of testing a material sample for defects, comprising the steps of applying a test signal to the material sample, receiving a return signal from the material sample and analysing the return signal to determine whether the material sample is defective. In one aspect of the present invention the steps of receiving a return signal and analysing it include the step of selecting a frequency range to reduce the effect of potentially interfering signals. In another aspect of the present invention a reference signal obtained from a non-defective sample is subtracted from the return signal to give a difference result and the difference result is indicative of whether the material sample is defective. Apparatus for carrying out the above-defined methods are also provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a device for testing a structural component having a complex surface contour by means of ultrasound, at least one ultrasonic head (UPK) being guided along the surface contour (OK) of the structural component (BT) by means of a manipulator (MM) having several axial drives (MX, MJ, MZ, MA, MB) in several axes at a defined spacing (A) along the surface contour (OK) of the structural component (BT).

Abstract: The invention provides a pressure sensor with a housing for a pressure sensing arrangement, e.g. a semi-conductor arrangement. The housing consists of a bottom part and an intermediate member with a through hole forming a sidewall of a cavity for the pressure sensing arrangement. A membrane is attached to the intermediate member to cover an opening of the cavity, and to allow pressure from outside to propagate into a pressure transmitting medium contained inside the housing and thus to the pressure sensing arrangement therein. The invention also provides a method of making a pressure sensor with a housing of the above-described kind.

Abstract: The method serves to determine the vibrational state of turbine blades, arranged on a rotor shaft, mounted such as to rotate in a housing and/or of guide vanes. At least one electromagnetic wave is transmitted into a flow channel in the vicinity of the blades, using means for the generation of at least one electromagnetic wave. The electromagnetic waves are at least partly reflected from at least one blade. The reflected part of the at least one electromagnetic wave is received by means for receiving and the vibrational state of the corresponding blade is determined from a signal corresponding to the at least one received electromagnetic wave.

Abstract: This load cell attachment structure includes a male screw which is formed on a load sensing part of the load cell, a nut which attaches the load cell to the attachment plate by engaging with the male screw, and a wave washer which is disposed between the attachment plate and the nut.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for measuring total gas content of a fluid flowing through a process line. The apparatus comprises a bleed line in fluid communication with the process line for bleeding a portion of the fluid from the process line at a bleed line pressure that is lower than the process line pressure. A speed of sound propagating through the fluid in the bleed line is determined and is, in turn, used to determine a gas volume fraction of the fluid in the bleed line. In one aspect, the total gas content of the fluid flowing through the process line is calculated as a function of the gas volume fraction of the fluid in the bleed line and a velocity of the fluid in the bleed line. In another aspect, the velocity of the fluid in the bleed line is adjusted to be approximately equal to a predetermined velocity. In yet another aspect, dissolved gas in the process fluid 13 is released before the gas content measurement point by applying a high intensity ultrasonic field to the fluid 13.

Abstract: A support for supporting electrical and/or electronic means and/or electrical power supply means for a hand dynamometer tool, in particular for a torque wrench operating by breaking mechanical equilibrium. A body of substantially cylindrical shape that extends along a longitudinal axis, defined by two end faces, recesses and/or seats suitable for receiving electrical power supply members and/or electrical/electronic circuit boards are arranged and distributed around said axis, on or close to the periphery of said support. Application to a support module for a hand dynamometer tool and to a dynamometer tool.

Abstract: A method and a device for operating a vehicle allow a torque of the vehicle during operation of the vehicle to be measured. A torsional angle at at least one drive shaft of the vehicle is measured, and the torque transmitted via the at least one drive shaft is ascertained as a function of the measured torsional angle.

Abstract: In a torque sensor, a first detection tube (13) made from magnetic material covers a cylindrical magnetic leak prevention member (12) that is made from nonmagnetic material and covers a first shaft (3) made from magnetic material. Magnetic resistance to magnetic flux, which passes through one end of the first detection tube (13) and one end of a second detection tube (14) that is made from magnetic material and rotates together with a second shaft (4), changes according to elastic relative rotation of the two shafts (3, 4) corresponding to transmitted torque, by providing a plurality of teeth (13a, 14a) along the circumferential direction at the one end of each detection tube (13, 14). The first shaft (3) and the first detection tube (13) are integrated with the magnetic leak prevention member (12) so that they can rotate together, by being inserted in a mold for forming the magnetic leak prevention member (12) before the synthetic resin material is poured into the mold.

Abstract: The powder sampling device comprises, next to a vertical channel (1) a drawer that is also vertical which may be lowered so that a groove (5) passes into a sampling mouth (12). A flap (15) may be extended to direct the powder towards the groove (5) temporarily and fill it, without the drawer (4) or the flap (15) disrupting the flow in normal circumstances nor causing any residue of powder likely to alter the measurements. In particular, the flap (15), the groove (5) and the corbelled section (2) have faces (6, 8) that are heavily angled on which the powder can only slide.

Abstract: Apparatus for assessing the condition of fruit or vegetables comprises a transducer (22) which is brought into contact with the surface of fruit or vegetable (12) in a tapping motion. The transducer (22), where it contacts the fruit or vegetable's surface is generally curved in shape to ensure accuracy of measurement over a relatively wide range of angles of impact with the fruit or vegetable (12). The transducer (22) can be delivered to and away from the fruit or vegetable surface by an air controlled bellows arrangement.

Abstract: The apparatus is for displacing a measurement device along a pipe. The apparatus comprises a bracelet; a support device for supporting the measurement device in relation to the bracelet; at least one drive wheel each having an axis, mounted on the bracelet and oriented for displacing the bracelet along the pipe; a flexible transmission device having an inlet for receiving a rotational movement and an outlet for transmitting the rotational movement; a gear device mounted on the bracelet for reorienting the rotational movement coming from the outlet of the flexible transmission device towards the axis of the wheel; and a coupling device for coupling the gear device to the axis of the wheel.

Abstract: An adjustable machinery of an optical device includes a first frame for locating the optical device and a second frame for locating the first frame. The first frame has a first alignment hole, a second alignment hole, and a third alignment hole. The second frame has a first adjustment hole, a second adjustment hole, and a third adjustment hole. The first and second frames can relatively shift along a first direction. When locating the first frame on the second frame, the alignment holes and the adjustment holes are partially overlapped, and the relative positions of the first and second frames can be adjusted by changing the relative positions of the alignment holes and the adjustment holes.

Abstract: A mechanism for converting reciprocating movement into unidirectional rotary movement comprises: a rotating shaft that has at least two incompatible helical grooves turned in opposite directions. The shaft is placed inside a feed clutch that can reciprocate along the shaft. The feed clutch has a housing on each end and sliding rings are placed inside the housings. The sliding rings have balls that extend into the helical grooves. The sliding rings are supported by clutch bearings that are installed for rotation in opposite directions. When the feed clutch reciprocates the balls sliding along the helical grooves make the shaft rotate unidirectional.

Abstract: A vibration damper for screw-driven mechanical systems includes a nut body and one or more attached damping elements. The nut body includes internal threads for cooperating with a lead screw of a screw-driven mechanical system. The damping element may be a viscoelastic material or other material. The damping element may be arranged on an outer surface of the nut body, and may either be exposed or protected by another element. A tuning mass may be applied to the vibration damper by attachment to the damping element. In some embodiments, the damping element is arranged on a cantilever element of the nut body. In other embodiments, the damping element is segmented and is distributed such that air passages are formed between the damping element segments.

Abstract: A multi-speed transmission of countershaft design having a main countershaft and a hollow countershaft arranged concentrically and having likewise two load-shift elements. A first half of the shift elements is connected with a drive unit and a second half of the shift elements is connected to a gearbox input shaft. The gearbox input shafts and countershafts are mounted in a housing and connected to gear wheels, which intermesh in pairs as gear wheel pairs and can be connected or disconnected in order to reduce the overall gear ratio in the power flow. The main countershaft is mounted directly on the housing in the area of its first end and in the hollow countershaft in the area of its second end. The hollow countershaft is mounted in the housing in the area of its end that faces toward the end of the main countershaft that is mounted in the hollow countershaft.

Abstract: A countershaft-type transmission device has an input central shaft and an input hollow shaft and two powershift elements. One first half of the powershift elements is in connection with one drive unit and a second half of the powershift elements is connected with the input central shaft or the input hollow shaft. The input central shaft, the input hollow shaft and countershafts are supported in one housing and connected with gear wheels, which are engaged with each other by pairs and can be connected and disconnected to produce a transmission total ratio in the power flow. The input central shaft is supported in the housing via a first bearing device and the drive unit is supported via a second bearing device on a shaft connected with a drive unit, the input hollow shaft being supported on the input central shaft via a third bearing device and a fourth bearing device.

Abstract: The invention relates to a bevel gear transmission having a housing (1), whose walls (2) are provided with at least two passage holes (3, 3?) for at least two bevel gears (4, 4?) that engage with one another with their gearings inside the transmission housing (1). At lest one of said bevel gears has a shaft (5) rotationally mounted in a bearing (22, 23) of a bearing casing (6), said shaft projecting from the transmission housing (1) through the passage hole (3), wherein the bearing casing (6) is fixed to the transmission housing (1).

Abstract: The invention concerns a gear for precision devices comprising at least two mutually co-operating toothed wheels (10, 14). The teeth (12, 16) of the two wheels have the same thickness (e) and the teeth of one of them (10) are provided with a radial slot (26) which divides them into half-teeth (22, 24). On of said half-tooth (24) comprises a recess (28) enabling its elastic deformation in case of overloading.

Abstract: The invention relates to a bearing box (124) for mounting a steering shaft (15), having a steering column tube (125), as proposed by the invention, at least partially enclosing the steering shaft (15), co-operating with at least two bearing elements (166, 167) arranged between the steering shaft (15) and the steering column tube (125) spaced apart from one another in the longitudinal direction of the steering shaft (15) at the end regions of the steering column tube (125) to mount the steering shaft (15) so that can be displaced in rotation, and the bearing element (166, 167) is provided in the form of at least two bearing parts (183; 184) displaceable relative to one another via an intermediate part (182).

Abstract: An end fitting for a cable provides for the axial transmission of an input movement or an output movement to or from a moveable body relative to a fixed body. The end fitting has a pivot portion spaced from a clip portion. The pivot portion is engageable with a pivot region of the fixed body to allow the end fitting to rotate about the pivot portion to rotatably engage the clip portion with a clip region of the fixed body, securing the cable to the fixed body.

Abstract: An adjunct for a bicycle pedal, which adjunct includes a platform having a contoured heel cup at one end thereof. The platform and heel cup are arranged to partially encase the heel and part of the sole of a shoe therein. A member is positioned on the bottom surface of the platform for receiving and engaging the pedal of the bicycle. The member is dimensioned to encompass the pedal of any conventional stationery exercise bicycle. Hook and loop straps are disposed on the platform and provide means for attaching the platform to the user's shod foot.

Abstract: An oil discharge structure of a baffle plate for discharging oil from a space of a gear side to a space of a transmission side with a space-saving design is provided. A slit is formed in a side face plate facing a final gear of a case side baffle plate to discharge the oil from an oil volume X in the circumference of the final gear to an oil volume Y stored in a clearance between the case side baffle plate and the transmission case, and in a clearance between the housing side baffle plate and the housing. This provides a compact structure that is not larger in a radial direction of the final gear and discharges the oil in the oil volume X.

Abstract: A system and method for providing power to vehicle accessories having operational power requirements in excess of 1 kilowatt. The system is employed in conjunction with a vehicle comprising a main power unit and an electric motor, the main power unit providing more than 42 volts of power to a DC power bus from which the electric motor draws power to propel the vehicle. The system comprises a vibration dampening mounting structure affixed to the vehicle. A vehicle accessory requiring operational power in excess of 1 kilowatt and an electric accessory motor are affixed to the mounting structure. The electric accessory motor is mechanically coupled to the vehicle accessory. The electric accessory motor draws electric power from the DC power bus to provide operational power to the vehicle accessory. The vehicle accessory can be a scroll type air compressor.

Abstract: The invention relates to an actuating device for regulating a control mechanism which is subject to a force against the direction of regulation. Said actuating device comprises a drive device which has a drive shaft and is connected in a moveable manner to a rotating spindle, by which means an actuating element can be axially displaced in the direction of regulation, in a housing receiving the device. The aim of the invention is to improve one such actuating device in such a way that actuation of the control mechanism is guaranteed in a constructively simple and cost-effective manner. In order to achieve this, the drive device comprises at least two electric motors which can respectively be actuated and controlled for the rotation of the drive shaft.

Abstract: The invention concerns a composite metal product, which contains 30-90 vol-% of a hard phase in the form of particles of substantially M(C,N)-carbonitride or M(C,N,O)-carbonitrideoxide, commonly referred to as hard phase of MX-type where M to at least 50 atomic-% consists of titanium, which particles are essentially homogenously distributed in a matrix consisting of a hardenable steel, and wherein the atomic-% ratio between C and N shall satisfy the condition 0.1<(formula I)<0.7. At the manufacturing of the product, a powder mixture, which contains powder of titanium carbide, titanium nitride, and/or titanium carbonitride in such an amount that its content of titanium atoms correspond to at least 50% of the metal atoms in said hard phase of MX-type in the final metal product, and at least the main part of other constituents of the final metal product, is milled together.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cemented carbide body containing from about 3 to less than about 15 wt-% binder phase and essentially WC as the remainder. By alloying the binder phase with from about 0.5 to about 15 wt-% Mn an increase in the strength of the WC/WC grain boundaries is obtained.

Abstract: A composite powder includes an FeMo based first powder including between about 20% and about 55% by weight Fe and between about 45% and about 80% by weight of Mo. The composite powder also includes an aluminum bronze based second powder blended with the FeMo based first powder.

Abstract: A process for the production of extra fine spherical metal powders by chemical vapor deposition and dissolution techniques, including metal carbonyls, wherein the metal containing process gas is propelled upwardly through a heated reactor. By employing an upward gas flow as opposed to the conventional downward gas flow, a closer approximation of theoretical plug-flow velocity profiles are achieved thusly resulting in a desirably narrower size particle distribution obviating or reducing the need for subsequent classification techniques.

Abstract: The present invention provides a reagent for rapidly attaining thermal equilibrium in a biological and/or chemical reaction, which comprises Au nanoparticles; wherein the Au nanoparticles have a Au metal core covalently bonding to a weak acid functional group, and the Au nanoparticles are aqueous. A method for rapidly attaining thermal equilibrium in a biological and/or chemical reaction and a method for producing the reagent are also provided.