Abstract: An anisotropic conductive sheet for high frequencies is provided as elastomer for connecting high-integrated circuit boards and fine pitch electronic components of recent years. Anisotropic conductive sheet (30) has a sheet-shaped elastomer (1c), and a non-conductive rectangular first penetrating region (11) is formed vertically and horizontally in a state surrounded by the sheet-shaped elastomer (1c). In addition, an electrically-conductive second penetrating region (12) is formed in a rectangular manner in a state surrounded by the first penetrating region (11). The first penetrating region 11 can be a high-dielectric rectangular third penetrating region. The anisotropic conductive sheet (30) has an effect in that electrostatic shield is provided between connected electronic components.

Abstract: A wrap-bag (1000, 1100, 100, 101, 601, 708, 742, 877, 1200, 1300) includes a bag body (1006, 1310, 119, 119??, 618, 724, 756, 876) defining therein a compartment (384) accessible through an opening (379, 616, 722) at one end of the bag body, and, secured to the bag body along one edge thereof and extending therefrom to a free distal end (1003), a flexible strap (1009, 1005, 109, 125, 609, 709, 706, 889, 1312) of width sufficient to span at least a majority of the compartment (384). The strap carries an array of fastener elements (102), each fastener element (102) having a stem extending integrally from a band of resin film extending across the strap and encapsulating surface features of the strap to form an inseparable laminate. The strap is of sufficient length to wrap about an object, with the strap overlapping the bag body to engage the exposed fibers of the bag with the fastener elements (102), to secure the wrap-bag to the object.

Abstract: A reclosable bag is filled through an opening defined between a back side of a folded closure strip secured to an inner surface of the bag on one side of the bag opening, and an inner surface of the other side of the bag opening. The filled bag is sealed by joining the back side of the closure strip to the opposing bag wall at a point outboard of the closure strip and bag opening. The bag is later opened by breaking through a frangible section in a folded portion of the closure strip, between mating bands of hooks and loops. In some cases, an extension of one side of the bag forms a handle or a fitment; in particular, funnels can be formed from integral extensions of the closure strip, integral extensions of the bag-making material, or from a discrete preform which is joined to the bag construction.

Abstract: The present invention provides a packaging apparatus (1) capable of adjusting the thickness of a package with a simple configuration. The packaging apparatus (1) is a packaging apparatus that manufactures a package (B) wherein articles to be packaged, such as foodstuffs, and gas are sealed in a bag, and comprises a cooling unit (6). The cooling unit (6) cools the gas sent to a tubular film (F) formed in a bag shape. The packaging apparatus (1) manufactures the package (B) wherein the gas, having a temperature lower than the outside air, and the articles to be packaged are sealed.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for removing the first pouch from a stack of pouches includes apparatus adapted to bend an edge of the first pouch away from the second pouch of a stack to define a bent edge and a bend in the first pouch. The first pouch is then slid away from the second pouch to remove the first pouch from the plurality of adjacent pouches. This method allows the first pouch to be reliably separated from the second pouch by overcoming the various forces that typically cause adjacent pouches to cling to each other while stacked together.

Abstract: A method for packaging a food product, such as a candy, wherein a film is formed into a substantially tubular envelope around the product, which envelope extends beyond the product at both ends, wherein closing means squeeze the envelope together in a substantially radially inward direction at some distance from the ends of the envelope so as to give the packaging of the product the appearance of a twist-wrap.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for the controlled depositing of pliable items in a package are hereby proposed. In this process, the items are conveyed to the packing zone on a conveyor belt. The items are captured on the conveyor belt and moved to the edge of the conveyor belt using a gripper on a rotating gripper arm, the axis of rotation of which runs perpendicular-to the conveyor belt. From there, the items are pushed onto a plate with the aid of the gripper and conveyed to a position above their intended position in the package. As soon as the position above the package has been reached, the plate is pulled back, thereby enabling the item to fall into the package located underneath. A packaging conveyor system is used to convey the packages to the packing zone and transport them further once an item has been deposited in order to allow the next item to be deposited.

Abstract: In order to achieve reliable packing of stacked items (18) into tubular bags (16) by a vertical tubular bag machine (1) with a filling station (7) above a filling pipe (6), it is proposed that the filling station (7) is intended for delivering in each case a stack (37) of groups of items (23) placed one on top of the other, each group of items (23) being formed by at least two partially overlapping items (18).

Abstract: A packaging apparatus for wrapping a carton around a packaged product comprises a box mandrel conveyor including a plurality of mandrels which support the packaged product thereon. Packages are precisely fed to the mandrels of the box mandrel conveyor by a conditioning conveyor. Carton blanks are delivered to a conveying system from a carton magazine and are conveyed in vertical confronting relation to a mandrel. Each mandrel moves the carton blank against a plow device thereby causing the carton blank to be folded around a mandrel containing a package. Folding and compression devices are provided for folding and compressing an end panel against a manufacturer's flap. Suitable flap closing means close the end flaps and upper and lower flaps after the mandrel is withdrawn from the carton.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a size-adjustable shoe for hoofed animals consisting of at least one protecting portion and a fixing portion wherein the protecting portion comprises at least one sole, a cap extending to the front and to both sides and a fixing device, and the fixing portion comprises at least one heel portion, two side tabs and a fixing device. The heel portion can be attached to the sole with an adjustable spacing, and the fixing devices enable a firm hold of the hoofshoe to the hoof.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for posttreatment of the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine in which particles contained in the exhaust gas are at least partly eliminated with the at least intermittent use of an oxidatively acting aid, and in a further step, an at least partial removal of nitric oxides from the exhaust gas is effected, and the oxidatively acting means is delivered to the exhaust gas in metered fashion in such a way that the removal of nitric oxides from the exhaust gas is reinforced.

Abstract: A cyclonic separating apparatus for a vacuum cleaner that can separately collect dust and water. The cyclonic separating apparatus includes: a cyclone body having an air inlet passage and an air discharge passage; a dust receptacle connected to a lower end of the cyclone body; and a screen dividing the cyclone body and interior space of the dust receptacle into a first chamber and a second chamber, the screen having a plurality of passing holes, wherein drawn air rotates in the first chamber and water separated from the air moves to the second chamber through the passing holes.

Abstract: A cyclonic separation apparatus is described comprising a cylindrical vortex-starting chamber and frusto-conical cyclonic separation chamber. The separation chamber is formed from first and second frusto-conical cyclone regions. The first region has a larger cone-angle than that of the second region for the purpose of reducing the overall axial length of the cyclone separation chamber. A central tubular member extends axially of the cylindrical chamber and comprises a vortex starter. The wider end of the first frusto conical region begins in the region of the downstream end of the central tubular member.

Abstract: An air filtering device and a method of producing the device. The device is constructed from a number of modules of a first module type (4) and a second module type (6), which are arranged in series in a row. A module of the first module type (4) is arranged as an inlet module (4) with inlets (42), which is connected in series to modules (8, 10: 16) of the second module type (6). One of the latter may include a fan element (18) or one or more filter elements (12, 14), and one of them is arranged as an outlet module (16) and others as through-flow modules (8, 10). The modules are joined together by locking members (32) arranged in each module, in such a way that the modules create an enclosed air duct (4, 8, 10, 16).

Abstract: The present invention provides a device for detection, collection, containment, neutralization, and elimination of aerosolized contaminants, comprising a lid that fully covers an edge of a container for containment of exiting aerosolized contaminants, with the lid having housing for accommodating an article. The housing comprising a top vent aligned along atop of a bottom vent, with the top vent optionally smaller in size than the bottom vent, and with the housing, the top vent, and the bottom vent located normal to a natural vertical upward move of the aerosolized contaminants. The aerosolized contaminants are detected, collected, contained, neutralized, and eliminated and sanitized by the article within the housing, allowing only uncontaminated air out of the top vent through a natural upward movement of the aerosolized contaminants via the force of the flush.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for retrofitting a pneumatic tool with a filter. The pneumatic tool has an end cap configured to receive a connector for connecting the pneumatic tool to a source of compressed gas. A retrofit connector is adapted to be received by the end cap of the pneumatic tool in place of the connector. A filter is connected to the retrofit connector independent of the end cap, and configured to filter the compressed gas received from the source. The connector has a first mechanical connection, and a second mechanical connection configured to mate with a third mechanical connection disposed on the end cap. The filter includes a fourth mechanical connection configured to mate with the first mechanical connection of the connector.

Abstract: An air filtration cartridge has annular filter media having a hollow interior and extending axially between first and second distally opposite end caps. The first end cap is an outlet end cap having flow straightening structure integrally formed therewith and spanning the hollow interior. The second end cap is a closed end cap having an interior face having quarter wave resonators formed by blind holes therein.

Abstract: A dehumidifier for an electrical-equipment air intake has an outer housing wall and a floor of a material with a high specific thermal conductivity downwardly closing the outer housing wall, having a downwardly tapering funnel-shaped inner surface formed with a central downwardly open port, and having a rounded edge where the surface meets the port. An inner air-permeable housing inside the outer housing wall holds a moisture-absorbing mass in the inner housing so that air drawn in through the port can pass through the mass and then into a space between the inner and outer housings. A moisture sensor between the housings and a heater in the mass are connected to a controller that energizes the sensor and cooks moisture out of the mass such that the moisture condenses on the floor and runs over the edge out through the port.

Abstract: Embodiments of a key system for filters and their connecting heads, brackets, or other holders are shown. The filter cartridge and its holder each have a keyed surface, one being a protruding “key” and one being a recessed “lock”. Cooperation of these keyed surfaces is required in order for the filter cartridge to be installed in the holder, so that mis-matched cartridges cannot be installed into the holder, for example, to prevent a particular type of cartridge from being placed in a filtration or other process where it would be inappropriate, or undesired. The keyed surfaces are selectively locate-able preferably at different circumferential locations on a perimeter of the filter and a corresponding location on a perimeter of the head/holder. The perimeter may be, for example, on an outer shoulder surface of a filter and an inner surface of a valve head, or on outer and inner surfaces of connectors that provide a liquid seal between the filter and the head/holder.

Abstract: A deleafer apparatus including a drum assembly partially enclosed by a shroud. A rotating blade assembly is located within an interior volume of the drum assembly. An air circulation device, located beneath the drum assembly, draws air through an opening defined by the shroud and into the interior volume of the drum assembly. In use, the deleafer apparatus is carried by a transport in a direction of travel along a row of plants or vines. The rotating blade assembly strips leaves that extend into the interior volume of the drum assembly from the plants or vines. The deleafer apparatus also includes a break-away mechanism that permits a portion of the deleafer apparatus to rotate outward relative to a transport mounting to accommodate obstacles that may reside in the pathway of the plants or vines.

Abstract: Systems for harvesting cotton from plants are provided. In this regard, a representative system incorporates an extracting zone and nozzles. The extracting zone is operative to receive therein stalks of plants from which cotton is to be removed. The nozzles are operative to direct vacuum pressure toward the stalks of the plants received within the extracting zone such that cotton is removed from the stalks and drawn into the nozzles. The nozzles also are operative to move relative to the extracting zone.

Abstract: A windrow merger has a frame supporting first, second and third pickup assemblies, with the two outside pickup assemblies foldable between an extended use position and a retracted travel position. Each of the pickup assemblies includes a reversible conveyor providing multiple windrow merging configurations. The pickup assemblies are interchangeable and aligned to define an unobstructed pickup face.

Abstract: A cutting system for plants includes opposed first cutting assemblies and opposed second cutting assemblies. The first cutting assemblies include a substantially vertical stack of cage type cutters and a lower cutter having stationary and rotating cutter members. The cage type cutters include an outer driven guard that moves the plants past the stationary cutters. Opener wheels have a diameter slightly greater than the cutters and engage posts and other objects to position the cutting assemblies and to prevent damage to the cutting assemblies and trellises. Side cutter assemblies are positioned forward of the vertical stack of first cutting assemblies and provide precision side cuts. The side cutters include stationary cutter members and rotating cutter members that provide a precise shearing action. The system rotational speed is controlled to maintain a speed proportional to the ground speed so that a substantially constant percentage of plant material is removed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a mulching rotary lawn mower blade and a method of mulching grass using a mulching rotary lawn mower blade. The mulching rotary lawn mower blade comprises a mounting section adapted to be attached to a lawn mower motor drive shaft and first and second sections extending respectively further outward from the mounting section and being respectively pitched upwardly and downwardly. First and second cutting surfaces are formed along at least a portion of at least one of the first and second surfaces. The first cutting surface is adapted to form grass clippings, while the second cutting surface has at least one cutout and is adapted to cut the grass clippings. The first cutting surface passes the grass clippings to the second cutting surface which recuts the grass clippings as the grass clippings pass through the cutout.

Abstract: A wear shield is attached to a cutter bar and is formed from a molded wear body having a front mounting portion bolted onto the guards of the cutter bar by the guard mounting bolts with recesses for the guard fingers and a front edge of an upper planar mounting surface clamped onto the guard bar. A rear covering portion is cantilevered rearwardly from the front mounting portion underlying a bottom plate of the cutter bar for engaging the ground so as to underlie and protect the bottom plate. Resilience in the wear shield forces the rear part against the bottom plate of the cutter bar to avoid the necessity for a rear fastener. A series of the wear shields is arranged side by side across the cutter bar with two side edges each for locating adjacent a side edge of a next adjacent wear shield.

Abstract: A pintle for joining the ends of a pin-seamable paper machine fabric wherein the pintle comprises a braided sheath of an ultra high molecular weight polyethylene yarn and optionally is filled with polyamide monofilament or polyethylene yarn. The pintle is configured to substantially fill the voids in the fabric loops when inserted so that a smoother seam is achieved that significantly reduces marks on the resultant paper.

Abstract: The present invention provides a yarn which is a covering yarn consisting of only silk and a yarn containing sericin. A cohesioned silk yarn is obtained by using raw silk, as a core yarn, with sericin in swollen state in reeling process at reel speed of 20 to 100 m/min, and by covering a raw silk in said reeling with a wild silk yarn, and by fusion-bonding a raw silk and a wild silk yarn by sericin. Said cohesioned silk yarn can be subjected to automatic knitting.

Abstract: A heat shield for a transition of a turbine engine for coupling a transition component of a turbine engine to a turbine vane assembly to direct combustor exhaust gases from the transition into the turbine vane assembly. The heat shield may be capable of reducing the temperature differential across a transition bracket extending from a transition component, thereby reducing the likelihood of premature failure of the bracket or the transition, or both. The heat shield may reduce the temperature differential by insulating the transition bracket and transition bracket rib from cooling gases. The heat shield may be formed from a tubular elongated body having first and second end attachments configured to attach the elongated heat shield body to the transition.

Abstract: The invention relates to a waste heat steam generator of a gas fired and steam powered generator. Said generator comprises a waste heat boiler to which exhaust gas of a gas turbine can be supplied. Said steam generator also comprises at least one evaporator which is located in the waste heat boiler and is used to produce process steam for a steam turbine. According to the invention, flue gas from a heating device can be supplied to the waste heat boiler and at least part of said flue gas can be extracted at at least one point of the waste heat boiler and redirected back to the inlet of said waste heat boiler.

Abstract: Techniques suitable for recovering energy from a high-temperature gas of an ordinary pressure are provided. A turbomachine has a turbine 16 and compressors 20 and 24. A combustor 12 is disposed at a stage above the turbine 16. A power generating system generates power by passing a working fluid for the turbomachine through the combustor 12, the turbine 16 and the compressors 20 and 24 in that order.

Abstract: A process for treating exhaust gas from a compression ignition engine wherein substantially all fuel for combustion is injected into a combustion chamber prior to the start of combustion comprises contacting the exhaust gas with a catalyst comprising a supported palladium (Pd) catalyst.

Abstract: An exhaust gas purification device (6) comprises: first and second catalyst carriers (21, 22) interposed in an exhaust passage (8) of an engine (1), which purify an exhaust gas; a case (20) provided in the exhaust passage, which houses the first and second catalyst carriers (21, 22) in series in an exhaust gas flow direction; an annular carrier holder (24) interposed between the first and second catalyst carriers (21, 22), which holds the first and second catalyst carriers (21, 22) via a buffering member (23) and has an opening (34) which connects an inner peripheral side and an outer peripheral side; a sensor (10) which detects the state of the exhaust gas flowing through the interior of the case (20); and a sensor attachment portion (26) provided in the case (20), which connects the interior and exterior of the case (20) in an orientation that is substantially orthogonal to the exhaust gas flow direction.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for operating an internal combustion engine of a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle, with a first operating range as the lean operating range, to discharge the nitrogen oxide storage catalyst by means of an engine control device switching from the lean operating range to the rich operating range taking place. As claimed in the invention, the engine control device blocks switching into the lean operating range if the additional amount of fuel consumption for discharges in a certain, definable evaluation interval which extends over several lean operating phases is greater than or equal to the reduced amount of fuel consumption by lean operation in this monitoring interval.

Abstract: Various systems and methods are disclosed for carrying out combustion in a fuel-cut operation in some or all of the engine cylinders of a vehicle. Further, various subsystems are considered, such as fuel vapor purging, air-fuel ratio control, engine torque control, catalyst design, and exhaust system design.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for heating up at least one catalytic converter (34) that is disposed in an exhaust gas duct (28) of an internal combustion engine, especially an NOx storage catalytic converter (34) which is mounted upstream of a precatalytic converter (30, 32). According to the invention, at least one chemical heating measure causing a temperature increase in the catalytic converter (34) that is to be heated substantially by means of chemical energy which is fed into the exhaust gas duct (28) in addition to the energy supplied at an original engine operation point, and at least one thermal heating measure causing an increase in the temperature of the catalytic converter especially by means of thermal energy that is supplied in addition to the energy supplied at an original engine operation point, are combined in such a way that a main portion of chemical energy is supplied before a main portion of thermal energy.

Abstract: The invention is based on a method for operating an engine drive train having a connectable electrical machine, the electrical machine being drivingly connectable to the engine in whose exhaust gas system an exhaust gas cleaning device is located. A moment output of or drawn by the electrical machine is impressed on a moment of the engine that is demanded by an engine control unit, as a function of an operating state of the exhaust gas cleaning device.

Abstract: An automobile exhaust filter that both traps particulates while altering the concentration of one or more gaseous species is provided. This dual functionality is combined in a single device by utilizing a reactive material that simultaneously alters gaseous component concentration while filtering out particulate material. The automobile exhaust filter is suitable for inclusion in the exhaust of a diesel-powered vehicle. A method utilizing the automobile exhaust catalyst is also provided.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a method for controlling fuel injection in an internal combustion engine (10) having at least one electric machine (26), wherein a direct injection system (18) for direct injection of fuel into at least one combustion chamber (54) of the internal combustion engine (10) is associated with the internal combustion engine (10), the direct injection system (18) including a mechanically driven high-pressure fuel pump (22) for generating a fuel pressure in an accumulator volume (20) upstream of the at least one combustion chamber (54).

Abstract: An engine blowby injection system including a blowby passage, and a blowby injector with a blowby flow outlet sized to inject the blowby flow into an exhaust gas flow generated by an internal combustion engine. The blowby injector includes a cooling mechanism for cooling the blowby flow outlet to reduce the likelihood of carboning. In one embodiment, the blowby injector includes an adapter, an injector body including an injector nozzle with the blowby flow outlet, and a flow passage that allows cooling air to flow therethrough. A method of injecting blowby flow from an internal combustion engine is also provided.

Abstract: An opening edge of an upstream-side exhaust pipe and an opening edge of a downstream-side exhaust pipe opposed to the opening edge of the upstream-side exhaust pipe are bent radially outward and thereafter radially inward by molding to form a circumference of the upstream-side exhaust pipe and a circumference of the downstream-side exhaust pipe as a flange portion respectively. After both flange portions are butted to each other through a gasket disposed therebetween, they are mechanically coupled to each other with a bolt and a nut.

Abstract: Regulating apparatus for a hydraulic system having at least one valve controlling a consumer, the apparatus including a job computer, a bus connected to the job computer and to the valve, and at least one analog sensor producing a signal for controlling or regulating the consumer. An autonomous controlling and regulating element arranged between the bus and each valve includes a bus interface connected to the bus, a microcontroller connected to the bus interface and to the valve, and at least one analog-to-digital converter which is connected to the microcontroller and which can be connected to at least one analog sensor.

Abstract: An actuator with a simple function for the control of a friction clutch in the drive train of a motor vehicle having a cylinder/piston unit for generating the contact pressure of the clutch should be fast, inherently safe and nevertheless simple and inexpensive. For this purpose, a controllable pump (3) generates a pressure medium and makes it available to the cylinder/piston unit (1) via a self-regulating valve unit (2). A dump valve (8) consists of a sleeve (10) and a spring-assisted slide (12) therein. The sleeve has a first opening (11), through which the pressure medium can flow from the cylinder/piston unit (1). The slide (12) exposes the opening (11) in a first position and conceals the opening of a second position. The clutch is controlled in this way by actuating the electric motor.

Abstract: With a hydrostatic multi-motor drive unit with a least two hydraulic motors acting upon a common load, a solution should be created, with which a further operating range is covered by the use of several motors and at the same time a simple as possible and problem free coupling of the motors is assured. Furthermore, a method for controlling the drive unit is indicated, which permits continuous transitions between the different operating ranges. This is achieved in that the motors (2, 3) are connected with each other through at least one freewheel device (4), in which the motor (2) arranged after the freewheel device has a variable displacement volume.

Abstract: A conveyor (30) having a plurality of buckets (60) lined up in and fixed to an inner side of a frame (10) is supported so that the conveyor can be circulated in the shape of a loop and substantially horizontally in a substantially vertical plane via rotary shafts (20). The frame (10) is supported so that the frame can be slidingly moved in the vertical direction around guide rods (50) stood up on a river bottom. Gas-containing floats (40) are fixed to the frame (10) to float the frame on the surface of the river flowing water. The river flowing water is made to flow into the buckets (60) lined up on the outer surface of the lower circulating portion (32) of the conveyor, and the conveyor (30) is thereby circulated. A generator (70) connected to one of the rotary shafts (20) supporting the conveyor (30) is thereby rotated.

Abstract: A microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) based heat engine capable of converting thermal energy gradients into mechanical or electrical energy, as well as its fabrication process is disclosed. This heat engine design consists of a stressed oscillating beam formed from a shape memory alloy (SMA) thin film. As the temperature of the beam changes, its shape changes due to the phase transformation of the shape memory alloy, causing it to oscillate between a hot source and a cold source. Due to the hysteretic behavior of the phase transformation, the oscillating SMA cantilever beam produces a net mechanical work output that may be either converted to electrical energy or mechanically linked to other MEMS devices.

Abstract: An embodiment of a method includes determining when a shape memory alloy completes changing shape based on measurements of a resistance of the shape memory alloy and reducing power supplied to the shape memory alloy after determining when the shape memory alloy completes changing shape.

Abstract: A control system for an internal combustion engine includes a turbocharger and a throttle valve. The turbocharger that is adapted to supercharging intake air drawn into the internal combustion engine utilizing energy of exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine. The turbocharger includes an electric generator that is adapted to generating regenerative electric power utilizing energy of exhaust gas. The throttle valve is adapted to controlling a flow amount of intake air supercharged using the turbocharger. An operating condition detecting unit is adapted to detecting an operating condition of at least one of the turbocharger and the electric generator. The throttle opening correcting unit is adapted to correcting opening degree of the throttle valve on the basis of the operating condition of the at least one of the turbocharger and the electric generator, when the electric generator regenerates regenerative electric power.

Abstract: Gas-electric hybrid cars improve both the gas mileage and performance of the automobile. They are most effective when the batteries are fully charged, so the electric motor can take a large role in moving the vehicle. Unfortunately, in practice, the batteries tend to remain about two-thirds charged both in the city and on the highway. This results in the electric motor often not being utilized, especially when starting the car from a halt. A sequential two-stage turbocharger will improve performance and gas mileage. The smaller, more responsive turbocharger is connected to an electric generator, sending electricity to the batteries whenever the engine is running. A wastegate on the turbocharger is utilized to keep the generator from spinning too rapidly. The second, larger turbocharger is connected to an air compressor, as in a standard turbocharger, so when more horsepower from the gasoline motor is required it will be available.

Abstract: An engine system includes an internal combustion engine having an air intake and an exhaust outlet. An electric generator is driven by the engine. A turbocharger includes a primary turbine driven by engine exhaust gasses and a compressor driven by the turbine. The compressor provides compressed inlet air to the air intake. A turbo-generator includes a secondary turbine driving a secondary electric generator. An exhaust pipe communicates exhaust from the primary turbine to the secondary turbine. An emissions after-treatment unit is installed in the exhaust pipe between the primary and secondary turbines.

Abstract: A diffuser for a single-head annular combustion chamber of an airplane engine, the diffuser comprising a separator formed by a thin sheet connected by structural arms to inner and outer circularly-symmetrical walls of the diffuser, the diffuser angle for each diffusion stream defined by the separator lying in the range about 12° to about 13°.