Abstract: An electronic apparatus includes a CMOS image sensor and a signal processor operable to process an output signal from the CMOS image sensor. The CMOS image sensor includes the following elements: an imaging region; a reference signal generator operable to generate a reference signal; a comparator operable to compare the reference signal generated by the reference signal generator with a signal transmitted from the imaging region; a counter operable to count, in parallel with comparison performed by the comparator, a predetermined count clock and to hold a count value at the time of completion of comparison performed by the comparator; and a reference signal supply interface unit operable to supply the reference signal generated by the reference signal generator to a plurality of comparators via different signal lines, respectively.

Abstract: A technique for dynamically calibrating a successive approximation charge to digital converter by toggling at least some portion of the converter between two predetermined states, with the design goal of balancing the voltage and/or charge that is output in the two states. The two states are chosen such that they are expected to generate the same output voltage when the converter is in “normal” operation mode, e.g., within a fraction of the Least Significant Bit (LSB) resolution of the converter. If there is an imbalance, switching between the two calibration states invariably generates a square wave signal that toggles between two distinct values. A synchronous demodulator having a bandwidth centered at the toggle frequency can then be used to accurately detect an amount of error, which is then feedback to generate correction signals.

Abstract: Embodiments of a filter with gain are presented herein.

Abstract: The present invention is related a method and system for irradiating a target location or material with high-amplitude narrow pulses of electromagnetic (EM) energy at a periodic or quasi-periodic rate. The method and system comprises generating at least three electromagnetic signals simultaneously in space from at least three sources, each signal having the same repetition rate and a different frequency, and directing each signal to at least one predetermined target, and adjusting the phase of each signal, so that its peak field occurs at the same instant as the occurrence of the peak fields of all the signals at the target.

Abstract: A radar device tracks with a high accuracy positions and velocities of a plurality of external targets that are close to each other and whose observed direction values are likely to be low.

Abstract: Apparatus has a transmitting antenna for radiating transmitting signals over a scanning range in the shape of a fan for a forward direction of ones own vehicle at a constant transmitting cycle, receiving antennas for receiving reflected waves by a target and for outputting receiving signals, spectrum computing means for computing a frequency complex amplitude spectrum from the receiving and transmitting signals, advancing direction computing means for computing an advancing direction of ones own vehicle, advancing direction element extracting means for extracting directional elements corresponding to the advancing direction from the frequency complex amplitude spectrum on the basis of the obtained advancing direction, and for outputting computed result data, distance-azimuth spectrum computing means for computing a distance-azimuth spectrum of ones own vehicle, and target detecting means for detecting the target which exists in a forward direction of ones own vehicle on the basis of the computed distance-azim

Abstract: A horn antenna suitable for use with a level measurement device and having a composite emitter structure. The emitter structure or assembly comprises an emitter and a plug. The emitter provides the process interface and is formed from a material having properties which include microwave transparency, chemical resistance and/or mechanical strength. The plug is isolated or partitioned from the process interface. The plug is formed from a material different from the emitter and exhibits the properties of microwave transparency and/or mechanical strength. According to another aspect, the level measurement device includes a coupling mechanism which allows the removal of the horn antenna independently of the emitter.

Abstract: An adaptive waveform radar system transmits a selected waveform of a family of related waveforms and either phase shifts or bit shifts the radar return signal for correlating with the other waveforms of the family. In some embodiments, phase shifting may be performed to null an unwanted target or clutter, while bit shifting may be performed to enhance a desired target, although the scope of the invention is not limited in this respect. In some embodiments, the bits of the return signal may be either phase shifted or bit shifted to match a bit of each one of the other waveforms of the family prior to correlation.

Abstract: A method for reducing the interference between a source transmitting pulses and equipments having nominal bandwidths which are outside the nominal bandwidth of the transmitted pulses, but which respond to sideband energy of the pulses. Phase perturbations are applied to the edges of the pulses produced by the source, to thereby tend to null the sideband energy lying in the nominal bandwidth of the equipments occupying the adjacent nominal bandwidths.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for limiting the effect of interfering transmission on a Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver is disclosed. A first mode of operation of the GPS receiver is provided wherein the AGC of the receiver is operated in a linear state. A second mode of operation of the GPS receiver is provided wherein the AGC of the receiver is operated in a non-linear state. A first signal is provided indicating a presence of a jamming signal. In response to the first signal the GPS receiver is switched from the first mode of operation to the second mode of operation.

Abstract: Calibrating a receiver for a satellite positioning system. At preset intervals, a plurality of calibration signals are generated and applied to the receiver. The plurality of calibration signals correspond to a plurality of satellite signals, respectively, from the satellite positioning system. A relative time-delay bias from a delay estimation algorithm within the receiver. The time-delay bias is stored, preferably with the receiver. The receiver receives the plurality of satellite signals from the satellite positioning system. The plurality of satellite signals are processed with the time-delay bias. The processing reduces effects from the satellite receiver and improving estimate of the differential delay and total electron content (TEC).

Abstract: A Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver and associated method capable of acquiring weak GNSS signals from a plurality of GNSS satellites produces a GNSS signal's code time, carrier frequency, and data bit transition parameters for subsequent signal tracking and position fixing. The GNSS receiver includes a baseband signal processor with special functionalities for acquiring weak signals. In a preferred embodiment, the time and frequency uncertainty space is reduced using available information and then special techniques are used to rapidly search the remaining uncertainty space. Successive reversal of short-length correlations within a data bit interval (a block) enables data bit transition detection and data bit sign correction prior to coherent integration.

Abstract: A tracker architecture for Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers is disclosed. A typical tracker comprises an RF front end and GPS architecture. The architecture comprises a bus structure, a Central Processing Unit (CPU) core, cache, RAM, and ROM memories, and a GPS engine that comprises a receiving, tracking, and demodulating engine for GPS and Wide Area Augmentation Service (WAAS) signals. The GPS architecture can couple to at least two different protocol interfaces via the bus structure, where the protocol interfaces are commonly used in different applications.

Abstract: A technique for steering a directional antenna such as may be used in a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) device. The technique detects signal parameters during reception of short sync pulses in the very beginning portion of a Packet Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) frame. As a result, the antenna can be steered to an optimum direction for reception prior to receiving other portions of a preamble that may be needed to acquire carrier signal phase and frequency.

Abstract: Apparatus to determine the position of a user terminal, the apparatus having corresponding methods and computer-readable media, comprises a receiver to receive, at the user terminal, a wireless orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) signal comprising a scattered pilot signal; and a processor to determine a pseudo-range based on the scattered pilot signal; wherein a position of the user terminal is determined based on the pseudo-range and a location of a transmitter of the OFDM signal.

Abstract: A planar inverted-F antenna has advantages of easy manufacture, a stable structure and automatic assembly. The antenna is fixed onto a PCB and has a grounding element that is made of conductive material and is plate-shaped, a radiation element formed from a plate-shaped metal plate, a signal link element and at least one supporting leg. The radiation element has a grounding leg that electrically connects with the grounding element. The signal link element electrically connects with the radiation element to a circuit for wireless signal transmission and reception. The at least one supporting leg is downwardly bent from an edge of the radiation element far from the grounding leg and is fixed onto the PCB. The supporting leg and the grounding leg support the radiation element together.

Abstract: An antenna arrangement comprising: a ground plane; a ground point connected to the ground plane; a feed point; a ?/2 antenna element connected to the ground point and to the feed point and extending between the ground point and the feed point as a loop that defines an area; and a ?/4 antenna element located within the area.

Abstract: A high gain loop antenna comprises a conductor ground plane, a feeding signal line, a radiation element including two matching sections and a conductor loop, and a dielectric element formed between the conductor ground plane and the radiation element. Both the two matching sections connect to the feeding signal line and radiation element for matching the input impedance. The input impedance can be changed by adjusting the distance between the two matching sections or the lengths of the two matching sections. The conductor loop is to activate the operating mode of the antenna when the current component flows through the loop antenna.

Abstract: An antenna comprises a signal line, a conductive element, a receiving element, a ground element, a short element and a bandwidth modifying element. The conductive element is coupled to the signal line. The receiving element is connected to the conductive element. The short element is coupled to the ground element and the conductive element. The bandwidth modifying element is connected to the conductive element and located between the receiving element and the ground element. The antenna receives a plurality of wireless signals comprising a center signal with a center frequency, and the center signal comprises a center wavelength ?.

Abstract: Disclosed is a wideband antenna having a reference conductor and radiation conductor, which are disposed so as to face one another. A substance whose relative permeability is in a range of about 1 though 8 in an operational radio frequency is interposed between the portions of the reference conductor and radiation conductor that face one another. A feed is operatively coupled to the radiation conductor and provides a radio frequency transmission signal thereto. The feed has a tapered shape, which progressively widens as the feed approaches the radiation conductor.

Abstract: A circularly polarized microstrip antenna includes a dielectric substrate having only an emitting electrode for generating circularly polarized waves on a front surface of the dielectric substrate and a coplanar signal line for feeding the emitting electrode and a ground electrode on a back surface of the dielectric substrate. The ground electrode covers the entire area of the back surface of the dielectric substrate excluding a region in which the signal line is provided. The signal line extends from an edge of the back surface of the dielectric substrate to an intermediate position between the edge of the back surface of the dielectric substrate and a center position O of the emitting electrode on the back surface of the dielectric substrate. Thus, a circularly polarized microstrip antenna whose circular polarization characteristic can be easily improved and whose manufacturing cost and size can be easily reduced is provided.

Abstract: An internal antenna system (200) for reducing interference in a wireless communication device (100) is provided. The internal antenna system (200) comprises an antenna (202) and a housing (110). The housing is configured to reduce interference in the transmission caused by the metal surface of the housing. The housing is made of or plated with an electromagnetically transparent decorative metal (ETDM). The housing has metal islands, which are separated from each other by gaps. These gaps in the ETDM surface allow the radio frequency (RF) energy of signals transmitted by the antenna to pass through.

Abstract: There is provided with an antenna device including: a first wire antenna element having a length about half a wavelength of a radio wave in use; a second wire antenna element which is in a same plane as the first wire antenna element and substantially perpendicular to the first wire antenna element, and which is connected to the first wire antenna element at one end; a third wire antenna element which is in the same plane as the first wire antenna element and substantially in parallel with the first wire antenna element, and which is connected to the second wire antenna element; and a feed point provided on the second wire antenna element.

Abstract: An electronic device utilizing global positioning system (GPS) is provided. The electronic device includes a host, an antenna and a hinge. The hinge pivotally connects the host and the antenna for enabling the antenna to rotate around at least a first straight line and a second straight line as axes with respect to the host, or the hinge enables the antenna to rotate with respect to the host three-dimensionally.

Abstract: Disclosed is a linear actuator, including: a screw unit rotatably driven by a driving motor; a nut unit screwed to the screw unit; a slider attached to the nut unit, in which the slider and the nut unit move linearly by the rotation of the screw unit; a guide restricting both surfaces of the slider; a first antenna attached to a side wall of the guide opposite to the slider; a second antenna attached to a side wall of the guide opposite to the slider, and opposing the first antenna; and a third antenna attached to both side walls of the slider, being interposed between the first antenna and the second antenna, wherein position of the slider is detected based on a change in capacitance due to displacement of the third antenna with respect to the first antenna and the second antenna.

Abstract: An antenna device for a portable terminal, including a support pivotably disposed on the terminal, which is unfolded from the terminal and rests at an angle for supporting the terminal on a planar surface; and an antenna module disposed on the support. The antenna device is disposed on the support or is formed by the support itself, and receives signals through the support when a user wants to enjoy DMB service. The support is provided in the terminal to avoid a need of a separate portable antenna for DMB service, thereby improving convenience of use. Further, when the support is unfolded from the terminal, the terminal can be placed on the planar surface at a convenient angle for viewing, so that users can enjoy DMB service from a comfortable position.

Abstract: The present invention involves an inflatable antenna system including an inflatable antenna and a mounting plate. The inflatable antenna includes an inflatable cone or cylinder and a plurality of conductors integrated therein. The mounting plate can be incorporated into a protective enclosure that holds and protects the inflatable antenna during transport, supports it during use, and provides a means for mounting it to a mast. The mounting plate serves as a mounting surface for the inflatable antenna, a radio frequency (RF) connector, an air intake valve, and an impedance matching network. Selected surfaces of the protective enclosure can be coated with conductive materials. An air intake valve allows for inflation and deflation of the inflatable antenna. Inflatable support members can be used in conjunction with a stabilizing portion comprised of a vertical member and attached weight, to allow the inflatable antenna system to be deployed in water.

Abstract: The invention relates to a holder (1) for a mobile radio terminal (0) and an antenna coupler for a mobile radio terminal. The holder is provided with an interface (50) for connection of an external antenna, in particular of a motor vehicle antenna, and with a coupling structure for electromagnetic coupling of RF signals between the holder (1) and the antenna of a mobile radio terminal (0) which is located in the holder. The coupling structure is arranged in the holder (1) in such a way that, when the mobile radio terminal (0) is inserted, the coupling structure is positioned in the vicinity of the mobile radio terminal (0). The coupling structure is in the form of a two-layer or multilayer coupling structure with two or more coupling structure elements (2, 3) arranged one above the other.

Abstract: A directional antenna is provided that utilizes an existing light source or simple reflector having a beam directing reflective surface and a transparent cover for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic radio waves. In an aspect, an information signal is impressed across a conductive material formed to a transparent cover and the reflective surface directs electromagnetic radio waves in a predetermined direction. Beam pattern, gain, polarization and wavelength can be selected through the design and positioning of the conductive material from the reflective surface for providing an effective resonant antenna. The radiated information signal may be used to detect an object or communicate with a receiver. The light source or reflector can be attached to a fixed structure or to a mobile vehicle. In the case of a mobile vehicle, the antenna is fully concealed. In an aspect, material costs, manufacturing costs and assembly costs are reduced as compared to presently available antennas.

Abstract: An antenna device 1 has an antenna unit 2 which includes an antenna core member 5 including a soft magnetic member 51 having conductivity and a conductor member 6 which is attached to the antenna core member 5. At least part of the antenna core member 5 (for example, a core sheet 50A) is a sensor electrode which is able to detect an object. The sensor electrode is used as a sensor electrode such as a capacitance-operated sensor electrode. Thus, it is possible to provide an antenna device and a door handgrip apparatus having an antenna unit including an antenna core member which is shared for an antenna function and a sensor function.

Abstract: A communication system can comprise an ordered arrangement or array of two sets, groups, or groups of antenna elements. The system can transmit or receive two bands or ranges of electromagnetic energy, signals, or radiation. The first set of the antenna elements can operate one of the bands, while the second set can operate the other band. The first set of antenna elements can be arranged or disposed to form a line or a column. The second set of antenna elements can be arranged or disposed on opposite sides of the line, with some of those elements on one side of the line and the remainder on the other side. The antenna elements that are on one side of the line can be staggered or longitudinally offset with respect to the antenna elements that are on the opposite side of the line.

Abstract: An antenna (10) suitable for a mobile telephone or other such communication device has a transmission element (21) to transmit and receive an electromagnetic radiation pattern. The transmission element (21) is supported on a layer or layers (25) of dielectric material, control over the orientation of a radiation pattern to be transmitted or received being maintained electronically. The transmission element (21) includes at least one loop and is often in a spiral configuration. Switches (23, 24) in the form of a microelectromechanical switch or a PIN diode, capable of short or open circuiting the element (21), allow the orientation of the radiation pattern to be altered. The dielectric constant of the dielectric material (25) is variable, again affecting the orientation.

Abstract: A radio frequency identification (RFID) device includes a conductive pattern, such as an antenna, on one side of a substrate, and a chip, such as part of a strap, electrically coupled to the conductive pattern, and either on an opposite side of the substrate or on the same side of the substrate as the antenna. A method of fabricating the RFID device may include crimping the strap onto the substrate, in contact with a seed layer, which is subsequently used in forming the antenna or other conductive pattern by plating. The seed layer may be a patterned conductive ink layer. Alternatively, the seed layer may be a layer of conductive material deposited on the substrate, such as by vacuum deposition. Parts of the deposited layer may be covered with a patterned mask in order to form the desired configuration of the conductive pattern.

Abstract: Various new and non-obvious systems and methods are disclosed for interaction between a primary and a secondary display on a portable electronic device. When an event is received at the electronic device, the secondary screen reflects a portion of information about the event. The primary screen is synchronized with the secondary screen such that when the primary screen is accessed (such as by opening a clamshell lid) it reflects the information shown on the secondary screen, as well as potentially adding more information.

Abstract: The present invention aims at the lowering of an image quality of an outer peripheral portion of an image display region. For this end, in a display device in which a plurality of display panels are arranged from a front side to a depth side in an overlapped manner and an image is displayed on the respective display panels, the respective display panels have regions which allow the image to be displayed thereon (image display regions) broadened toward the depth-side display panel from the front-side display panel.

Abstract: The invention is directed to an optical unit for a head-up display comprising an image generator, a mirror and a cover plate which are arranged in a housing one behind the other in the direction of light propagation. The beam path is directed to a windshield. The invention is wherein that the mirror is a rear-surface mirror whose reflection surface has a light-bundling action. The rear-surface mirror has, in addition, a refractive action that can be generated by the refractive index of the mirror material and a material thickness which changes between the reflection surface and the transmissive surface.

Abstract: The present invention is intended to control the color temperature of white exhibited by a liquid crystal display device. White is produced when light waves emitted through pixels associated with three colors of red, green, and blue have maximum intensities. The amounts of light emitted through the respective pixels are controlled by differentiating the shapes of the pixel electrodes disposed at the respective pixels from one another. Thus, the color temperature of white is controlled. Otherwise, the shapes of interceptive films disposed at the respective pixels are differentiated from one another in order to control light waves emitted through the respective pixels. Thus, the color temperature of white is controlled. The interceptive film may be shaped like the pixel electrode. Otherwise, the interceptive film may be realized with an interceptive pattern other than that of the pixel electrode or one of openings bored in a black matrix.

Abstract: A plasma display apparatus includes a Plasma Display Panel (PDP), a chassis base, a driver IC package, and cover plates. The chassis base has one side to which the PDP is attached and another side on which a Printed circuit Board Assembly (PBA) is mounted. The driver IC package is electrically connected to electrodes of the PDP and the PBA and has driver ICs for selectively supplying a voltage to the electrodes of the PDP mounted therein in response to a control signal of the PBA. The cover plates are disposed outside of the driver IC package, and they compress and fix the driver IC package to the chassis base. The cover plates have receiving holes for receiving the driver ICs of the driver IC package.

Abstract: A plasma display device which generates reset discharge in a reset period prior to an address period in the beginning subfields of a one-field display period, and applies two sustain pulses, which have rising timings different from each other by a predetermined period of time and have partly overlapping application periods, to row electrodes forming each row electrode pair after ending a sustain period in a last subfield of the one-field display period to thereby cause erasure discharge in discharge cells where sustain discharge has been caused in the last subfield.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a plasma display apparatus, and more particularly, to a plasma display apparatus and driving method thereof, in which an afterimage erroneous discharge generated when the apparatus is driven can be prevented and damage to driving circuits can be prevented. The plasma display apparatus of the present invention comprises a plasma display panel in which a plurality of sustain electrode pairs comprising scan electrodes and sustain electrodes is formed, a driver for driving the sustain electrode pairs, and a driving pulse controller that controls the driver to sequentially apply first and second falling waveforms to the scan electrodes during a reset period, and controls the driver to apply a positive waveform whose voltage level is less than the voltage level of a sustain waveform to the sustain electrodes while the first falling waveform is applied. According to the present invention, an afterimage erroneous discharge can be prevented.

Abstract: In a plasma display and a method of driving a plasma display, a discharge is generated in a sustain period since a first voltage is supplied to a scan electrode and a second voltage lower than the first voltage is supplied to a sustain electrode. Accordingly, a discharge current flows since wall charges are formed on the scan and sustain electrodes as a result of the discharge. When the discharge current flows, a third voltage lower than the first voltage and higher than the second voltage is supplied to the sustain electrode while the first voltage is supplied to the scan electrode. In addition, when another discharge current flows since a sustain discharge is generated by supplying the first voltage to the sustain electrode and suypplying the second voltage to the scan electrode, the third voltage is supplied to the scan electrode while the first voltage is supplied to the sustain electrode.

Abstract: A plasma display device and a driving method thereof. In a plasma display panel having an opening or a groove between a scan electrode and a sustain electrode, a driving waveform is applied to the scan electrode and an address electrode while the sustain electrode is biased at a predetermined voltage. Then, since a discharge path is formed through the opening or the groove between the scan and sustain electrodes, a discharge firing voltage may be reduced and misfiring prevented in a sustain period.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention may prevent an afterimage-generating wrong discharge when a plasma display panel is driven. A driving pulse controller may control a driver to sequentially apply a first falling waveform and a second falling waveform to the scan electrode and to apply a positive waveform to the sustain electrode while applying the first falling waveform in a reset period.

Abstract: Reset, address, and sustain operations of a plasma display device are performed by applying a driving waveform to a scan electrode while biasing a sustain electrode at a ground voltage allowing a driving board for driving the sustain board to be eliminated. Since a low voltage is applied to the scan electrode while biasing the sustain electrode at the ground voltage during the reset period, a potential formed by a wall charge may be greater at the scan electrode than at the address electrode. In addition, a misfiring discharge may be prevented during the sustain period when a low voltage applied to the scan electrode during the sustain period is set to be greater than the scan voltage of a scan pulse applied to the scan electrode during the address period.

Abstract: In an active matrix electroluminescent display, a plurality of rows of pixels are illuminated, defining at least two bands (10) of rows separated by a non-illuminated band (12). The bands (10) of rows of pixels scroll in the column direction over time, and at most 75% of the rows are illuminated at any point in time. This method is in essence a double bar scrolling method. By scrolling two bars, the required peak brightness is reduced as the effective overall duty cycle is increased. However, the period of illumination can still remain short, so that motion perception remains improved. The scrolling speed can be halved for the same frame rate or else the frame rate can be increased to reduce flicker.

Abstract: Nonuniformity in an organic EL display device is effectively detected. All display pixels of an organic EL panel are turned on and the display is photographed with a digital camera. A computer performs image processing of the photographed image to detect an area in which unevenness exists. Then, a V-I curve of each pixel in the area is measured to calculate necessary correction values. The calculated correction values are stored in a memory for use in correcting a signal input to the organic EL panel.

Abstract: A display data detection means 4b detects whether arrangements of video data corresponding to one scan and video data corresponding to the next scan are the same. When it is judged that the arrangements are not the same, the display data detection means 4b issues instructions to open gates to AND gates 6 and 7. Therefore, when the arrangements of the video data of two consecutive scanning lines are not the same, the data driver 2 operates for every scan, and outputs display data which are different for every scan to a display panel. When the above-mentioned display data detection means 4b judges that the arrangements of the video data of the two consecutive scanning lines are the same, the gates of AND gates 6 and 7 are closed. Thus, the operation of the data driver 2 is stopped, and a latch circuit in the data driver 2 holds the previous video data and outputs the same display data for every scan to the display panel.

Abstract: A method and system for driving a pixel circuit in an active matrix display is provided. The system implements a feedback driving scheme to enhance programming speed of the pixel circuit. The system includes a column driver for driving the pixel circuit with feedback. A controller controls a signal on a programming signal line during a programming cycle. For example, the driver may include a model for reducing the settling time of a pixel current. During the programming mode, an accelerating pulse may be provided to accelerate the programming of the pixel circuit.

Abstract: A current driving apparatus and method using a pulse width modulation (PWM) technique to display a desired gray level for passive matrix organic light emitting diode (PMOLED) display applications is disclosed. The current driving circuit includes a memory, a logic and a segment driver. The memory stores a desired gray level, the logic comprises a counter and provides a predetermined bias time, and the segment driver provides a constant current to the PMOLED display based on the desired gray level and the predetermined bias time. The segment driver provides a constant current to the PMOLED display until the counter value reaches the desired gray level, and the counter is first counted zero for the predetermined bias time and then increments by one for every other cycle.

Abstract: According to an embodiment of the present invention, a system is provided for driving at least one light-emitting diode (LED). The system includes an output terminal connectable to an anode of the LED and at which an output voltage can be provided for the LED. A driver loop, connectable to a cathode of the LED, is operable to maintain a LED current flowing through the LED at a desired level, thereby attenuating modulation error attributable to voltage variations at the cathode of the LED.