Abstract: A ceramic filter and method for preparing the same. The method for preparing the ceramic filter according to the present invention is characterized in comprising the steps of: (a) coating firstly a ceramic green paper prepared by using a slurry solution comprising ceramic fiber of 0.1-10 length, with an aluminum silicate solution and drying the firstly coated paper; (b) coating secondly the dried ceramic green paper with an aluminum phosphate solution and drying the secondly coated paper; and (c) calcining the dried ceramic green paper obtained from the step (b). The ceramic filter according to the present invention has excellent mechanical strength since the bonding strength between ceramic fibers is very high, and shows good porosity, gas permeability, and efficiency for capturing microparticles since the pores between the ceramic fibers are less blocked, and thus can be very usefully applied to gas exhaustion system for automobile.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for winding an element built up of at least one elongate, threadlike strand on a winding element, said device comprising a frame provided with at least: an inlet for the elongate, threadlike element, and a winding element to be rotatably driven about a winding shaft, said device furthermore comprising drive means at least for rotatably driving the winding element. According to the invention, the winding device is characterized in that twisting means are mounted in the frame, which twisting means impart one or more turns (twists in the case of a singlestrand elongate, threadlike element, or twines in the case of a multistring elongate, threadlike element) per unit length to the elongate, threadlike element before said elongate, threadlike element is wound on the winding element.

Abstract: The present invention is a post support for use in stabilizing a post during installation. The invention features a support body housing a rack-and-pinion system that incorporates an extendable arm, so that the support may be mounted upon the post and extended to interface with the walls of the installation hole. I an alternate embodiment, the extensible arm and support body are in threaded engagement and the arm is simply screwed out. Dual armed embodiments are also possible. Another embodiment features the support and arm interfacing each other with inclined planes which force the arm downward and outward with the force of gravity. With all embodiments, a bearing plate is present for contacting the wall of the installation hole at the terminal end of the arm. The support is ideally made of rigid plastic or other suitable material, allowing for a low cost and eventual sacrifice of the support as it is entombed in foundational materials for long term post support.

Abstract: Shoes having wear indicators are mounted on inner circumferential sides of side link plates of link frame bodies. The link frame bodies are interconnected longitudinally to form a cable protection and guide device. During operation, the device folds back upon itself such that the shoes of some of the link frame bodies slidingly engage the shoes of other link frame bodies. The indicator may be a groove, may employ a two color resin, may be a metal plate and may be positioned and sized to provide caution and limit indications as desired.

Abstract: Internal combustion engine and method with compression and expansion chambers of variable volume, a combustion chamber, a variable intake valve for controlling air intake to the compression chamber, a variable outlet valve for controlling communication between the compression chamber and the combustion chamber, means for introducing fuel into the combustion chamber to form a mixture of fuel and air which burns and expands in the combustion chamber, a variable inlet valve for controlling communication between the combustion chamber and the expansion chamber, a variable exhaust valve for controlling exhaust flow from the expansion chamber, means for monitoring temperature and pressure conditions, and a computer responsive to the temperature and pressure conditions for controlling opening and closing of the valves and introduction of fuel into to the combustion chamber to optimize engine efficiency over a wide range of engine load conditions The relative volumes of the compression and expansion chambers and the

Abstract: Internal combustion engine and method with compression and expansion chambers of variable volume, a combustion chamber, a variable intake valve for controlling air intake to the compression chamber, a variable outlet valve for controlling communication between the compression chamber and the combustion chamber, means for introducing fuel into the combustion chamber to form a mixture of fuel and air which burns and expands in the combustion chamber, a variable inlet valve for controlling communication between the combustion chamber and the expansion chamber, a variable exhaust valve for controlling exhaust flow from the expansion chamber, means for monitoring temperature and pressure conditions, and a computer responsive to the temperature and pressure conditions for controlling opening and closing of the valves and introduction of fuel into to the combustion chamber to optimize engine efficiency over a wide range of engine load conditions The relative volumes of the compression and expansion chambers and the

Abstract: Internal combustion engine and method with compression and expansion chambers of variable volume, a combustion chamber, a variable intake valve for controlling air intake to the compression chamber, a variable outlet valve for controlling communication between the compression chamber and the combustion chamber, means for introducing fuel into the combustion chamber to form a mixture of fuel and air which burns and expands in the combustion chamber, a variable inlet valve for controlling communication between the combustion chamber and the expansion chamber, a variable exhaust valve for controlling exhaust flow from the expansion chamber, means for monitoring temperature and pressure conditions, and a computer responsive to the temperature and pressure conditions for controlling opening and closing of the valves and introduction of fuel into to the combustion chamber to optimize engine efficiency over a wide range of engine load conditions The relative volumes of the compression and expansion chambers and the

Abstract: Internal combustion engine and method with compression and expansion chambers of variable volume, a combustion chamber, a variable intake valve for controlling air intake to the compression chamber, a variable outlet valve for controlling communication between the compression chamber and the combustion chamber, means for introducing fuel into the combustion chamber to form a mixture of fuel and air which burns and expands in the combustion chamber, a variable inlet valve for controlling communication between the combustion chamber and the expansion chamber, a variable exhaust valve for controlling exhaust flow from the expansion chamber, means for monitoring temperature and pressure conditions, and a computer responsive to the temperature and pressure conditions for controlling opening and closing of the valves and introduction of fuel into to the combustion chamber to optimize engine efficiency over a wide range of engine load conditions The relative volumes of the compression and expansion chambers and the

Abstract: Internal combustion engine and method with compression and expansion chambers of variable volume, a combustion chamber, a variable intake valve for controlling air intake to the compression chamber, a variable outlet valve for controlling communication between the compression chamber and the combustion chamber, means for introducing fuel into the combustion chamber to form a mixture of fuel and air which burns and expands in the combustion chamber, a variable inlet valve for controlling communication between the combustion chamber and the expansion chamber, a variable exhaust valve for controlling exhaust flow from the expansion chamber, means for monitoring temperature and pressure conditions, and a computer responsive to the temperature and pressure conditions for controlling opening and closing of the valves and introduction of fuel into to the combustion chamber to optimize engine efficiency over a wide range of engine load conditions The relative volumes of the compression and expansion chambers and the

Abstract: A gas turbine equipment utilizing high humidity, for preventing generation of white smoke throughout a year, and for restraining radiation of extra heat so as to restrain lowering of heat efficiency, the equipment comprising a humidifying device for humidifying compressed gas for combustion, a heat recovery device for recovering exhaust heat from a gas turbine or the compressed air so as to heat humidifying water in the humidifying device, a recuperator for recovering exhaust heat from the gas turbine and heating the compressed gas for combustion, a dehumidifying device for dehumidifying and recovering moisture in the exhaust gas having passed through the recuperator, and an exhaust gas reheater for heating the exhaust gas after dehumidification, and further comprising a temperature measuring device for measuring a temperature of the exhaust gas passing through the exhaust gas reheater, and a heating temperature adjusting device for increasing the heating temperature of the exhaust gas reheater if a temperatu

Abstract: A system for automatically transferring the fuel from one or more engine fuel manifolds directly to the engine fuel tank(s) during engine shutdown using an ejector pump has been presented. A checkvalve, which may be integrated with the ejector pump, is also used. A metering valve initiates fuel flow shutoff and is used in the draining of the fuel manifolds, thereby eliminating the need for an additional solenoid dedicated mainly to the shutoff function. The shutoff and pressurizing valve provides flow division between manifolds and manifold drain for systems having multiple manifolds. The bypass valve is used to turn the motive flow and/or manifold drain functions on and off as a function of engine speed at start and shutdown.

Abstract: A combined cycle power plant including a gas turbine, a steam turbine, and a heat recovery steam generator. The power plant also includes a feedwater heater positioned downstream of the steam turbine and a fuel moisturization system in communication with the heat recovery steam generator.

Abstract: Efficiency and/or power are increased in a turbine engine by using a self-contained, passive heat transfer device, such as a heat pipe, to transfer heat from working fluid in one section of the engine to working fluid in another section of the engine.

Abstract: The three-way valve allows fluid flow to be selectively directed to a run outlet, a bypass outlet or both at the same time. The three-way valve includes a flow diffuser with a primary valve seat positioned opposite a bypass valve seat. Choke points and flow restrictions, strategically positioned in the flow diffuser create a substantially flat velocity profile downstream of the bypass outlet. Larger versions of this three-way valve may be used in Vertical Takeoff and Landing (“VTOL”) aircraft. Other versions may be used in ships and other watercraft.

Abstract: A target air-fuel ratio setting part has a sub-feedback part, a target air-fuel ratio enriching part, and a target air-fuel ratio changeover part. The sub-feedback part variably sets a target air-fuel ratio upstream of a catalyst on the basis of a detection signal of an O2 sensor provided downstream of the catalyst. The target air-fuel ratio changeover part uses, as the target air-fuel ratio, a rich target air-fuel ratio which is set by the target air-fuel ratio enriching part on conditions such that the target air-fuel ratio set by the sub-feedback part is rich. A cylinder-by-cylinder air-fuel ratio estimation part calculates a cylinder-by-cylinder air-fuel ratio on the basis of a detection value of an air-fuel ratio sensor and the target air-fuel ratio.

Abstract: This system, in which the depollution means (1) are associated with oxidation catalyst-forming means (2), and the engine (4) is associated with common rail means (7) for feeding it with fuel and adapted to implement a regeneration strategy using at least one post-injection of fuel into the cylinders, is characterized in that it includes means (8) for detecting a request (req.

Abstract: A catalyst diagnosis apparatus comprises a reaction rate calculation unit for calculating a reaction rate of chemical reaction in a three-way catalyst based on an output of an oxygen sensor, and an OSC indicator calculation unit for calculating an OSC indicator indicating an oxygen storage capacity (OSC) of the three-way catalyst based on outputs of a linear air-fuel ratio sensor and the oxygen sensor, and a catalyst degradation determination unit for determining degradation of the three-way catalyst based on the reaction rate and the OSC indicator. The determination of the catalyst degradation can be performed with high accuracy in a manner adapted for influences of external environments, etc.

Abstract: A combustion air-fuel ratio control system controls the combustion air-fuel ratio when the warming-up of the catalyst is required and achieves an increase in the catalyst temperature at an early stage. When warming up of the catalyst is requested it determines whether or not the exhaust air-fuel ratio sensors that detect the exhaust air-fuel ratio upstream the catalyst on the exhaust passage is active, and if the exhaust air-fuel ratio sensor is inactive, it sets the combustion air-fuel ratio to the primary combustion air-fuel ratio, which is between the theoretical ratio and the combustion limit air-fuel ratio, which is richer than the theoretical ratio and allows stable combustion using open control, and if the exhaust air-fuel sensor is active, it sets the combustion air-fuel ratio to the secondary combustion air-fuel ratio, which is richer than the primary combustion air-fuel ratio and near the combustion limit air-fuel ratio using feedback control.

Abstract: A system in which the depollution means (1) are associated with oxidation catalyst-forming means (2), and the engine (4) is associated with common manifold means (7) for feeding it with fuel, and adapted to implement a regeneration strategy in at least one operation of post-injecting fuel into the cylinders, is characterized in that is comprises: detector means (8) for detecting a regeneration request (req.RG); detector means (9) for detecting a state of the foot being raised on the vehicle accelerator; temperature acquisition means (11) for acquiring the temperature downstream from the catalyst-forming means (2); means (8) for determining a maximum quantity of fuel to be injected in the post-injection operations during the period of returning to idling following the foot being raised, and on the basis of said temperature; and means (7, 8) for immediately interrupting the post-injection operation as soon as the quantity of fuel injecting has reached the maximum quantity.

Abstract: A method for the use of hybrid technology to control lean NOx trap (LNT) and particulate filter regenerations using an electric motor wherein for the LNT (a) the electric motor is adapted to absorb torque excursions of the engine during regeneration of the LNT, (b) wherein the electric motor is adapted to add torque to thereby reduce the air required in the engine and to thereby reduce the amount of fuel needed to regenerate the LNT, or (c) both (a) and (b), or wherein for the particulate filter the electric motor is (a) adapted to load the engine to thereby increase the exhaust temperature to thereby facilitate regeneration of the particulate filter, (b) adapted to use a power source for the electric motor to power an electrically powered particulate filter regeneration unit to thereby facilitate regeneration of the particulate filter, or (c) both (a) and (b).

Abstract: A control device of an exhaust purification device is provided with a plurality of addition valves that supply an additive pressure-fed from a pump, to exhaust purification catalysts separately from each other. As for addition valves constituting the plurality of addition valves the addition period of at least one addition valve is set so as to be different from the addition period of another addition valve.

Abstract: An air control device is advantageously used as a device for supplying secondary air to a catalyzer contained in an exhaust pipe of an internal combustion engine. The air control device includes an electric motor, a speed reduction mechanism, a valve having a valve shaft and a biasing spring. These components are all contained in a housing that has a valve port formed therein. The valve is driven to open the valve port by the electric motor against a biasing force of the biasing spring. A rotational movement of a final gear in the speed reduction mechanism is converted into a linear movement of the valve shaft to thereby open the valve port. Since the biasing spring such as a torsion spring is wound around a flange connected to an axis of the final gear, a length of the valve shaft is made short, and the device as a whole is made compact.

Abstract: Improvements in Compressor/Engine of compressed gas of free piston and freewheel that can be connected and disconnected from shaft of the engine, eventually a inclusion of a gear box and a calorific energy that can be applied to vehicles and stationary systems

Abstract: A motion converting section (31) and a translation bar (33) of a feedback mechanism (30) are provided between a lateral side of a swash plate (21) and a control sleeve (26) of a regulator (24). When the swash plate (21) is in a neutral position, the motion converting section (31) is located in an initial position (F-F) at one end of axial direction along an axis line (O-O) passing through a tilting center (C) of tilting motions, and, when the swash plate (21) is driven to tilt in a forward or reverse direction, displaced to the other end of axial direction along the axis line (O-O) to convert a tilting motion of the swash plate (21) into an axial displacement. Through the translation bar (33), the axial displacement is transmitted to the control sleeve (26) of the regulator (24) as an axial displacement.

Abstract: The hydraulic linear actuator system of the present invention includes a pump that is configured to rotate in a single direction at a substantially constant velocity. Both the direction and flow rate of fluid through the system is controlled by adjusting the positional relationship between the stator and the rotor of the pump. This positional relationship is adjustable between a forward flow state, a non-flow state and a reverse flow state. The hydraulic linear actuator is responsive to the flow of fluid through the system so as to be displaced in a first direction by the forward flow state of the pump and in a second direction by the reverse flow state of the pump.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of operating an engine and, particularly to a method of determining the pressure of a working gas within a Stirling engine of a domestic combined heat and power unit relative to a pre-defined pressure. The present invention provides a method of determining the pressure of a gas within an engine relative to a pre-defined pressure of the gas, comprising measuring the power factor of electricity generated by the engine, comparing the measured power factor with a power factor determined to correspond to the power factor of electricity generated by the engine when operating at the pre-defined pressure and determining whether the measured power factor is less than the determined power factor. Variations in measured power factors may also be used to indicate faults in the engine.

Abstract: A master cylinder includes a piston received in a cylinder body and formed with piston ports. An annular groove is formed in the inner periphery of the piston in its area where the piston ports are formed. An arcuate plate is received in the annular groove. A sleeve is inserted into the arcuate groove to retain the arcuate plate in the annular groove. A gap as a fluid passage is defined between the arcuate plate and the inner surface of the annular groove. A pressure chamber defined in the cylinder body communicates with a communication passage communicating with a reservoir through the above gap, cutouts of holes formed in the arcuate plate and holes formed in the sleeve. When hydraulic fluid flows rapidly from the pressure chamber toward the reservoir, the arcuate plate is adapted to elastically and radially expand, thus closing some of the piston ports.

Abstract: An energy efficient electrical power generator has a primary energy conversion mechanism, such as an internal combustion engine, and a secondary energy conversion mechanism, such as a thermoelectric device. The secondary energy conversion mechanism increases the electrical power output and efficiency of the generator.

Abstract: A swirler arrangement for a mixing assembly of a gas turbine engine combustor, where the swirler arrangement has a centerline axis therethrough, including: a swirler housing including an outer radial wall and an upstream wall; a first plurality of vanes incorporated into the outer radial wall, wherein the first plurality of vanes are oriented at a first angle with respect to an axis through the outer radial wall; and, a second plurality of vanes incorporated into the outer radial wall, wherein the second plurality of vanes are oriented at a second angle with respect to the through the outer radial wall. A first type of passage is defined between adjacent first and second vanes having a first configuration and a second type of passage is defined between adjacent first and second vanes having a second configuration so that air flowing through the swirler arrangement is swirled in a desirable manner.

Abstract: A transition duct for routing a gas flow from a combustor to the first stage of a turbine section in a combustion turbine engine has an internal passage from an inlet to an outlet that is offset from the inlet in the longitudinal, radial and tangential directions. The offset outlet and the curved internal passage discharge the gas flow toward the first stage blade array at an angle in the tangential direction relative to the longitudinal direction. This angled discharge can be presented directly to the blades, thus avoiding the need for first stage vanes and the associated costs and complexity.

Abstract: A generator assembly for a gas turbine engine. The assembly includes an electrical generator connected via a first sprag clutch to an accessory gearbox driven by the engine. The generator is also connected by a second sprag clutch to an air turbine connected to engine bleed valves which are selectively open when the engine speed falls below a predetermined level. The clutches are arranged such that the generator is driven at any time by the fastest rotating of the gearbox and turbine.

Abstract: An advanced humid air turbine power plant capable of suppressing condensation of moisture in a cooling channel, which is provided to cool a high-temperature component of a gas turbine, in a start up stage, a coast down stage, and a load varying state of the gas turbine. In the advanced humid air turbine power plant comprising a compressed air supply line for supplying compressed air generated by a compressor to the high-temperature component of the gas turbine, and a humidified air supply line for supplying humidified air generated in a humidifying tower to the high-temperature component of the gas turbine, the power plant further comprises valves capable of adjusting respective air flow rates in the compressed air supply line and the humidified air supply line.

Abstract: A method for enhancing the efficient operation of an electrical power plant utilizing a waste conversion unit to convert organic matter and electrical power into a useful fuel. The waste conversion unit is in electrical communication with an electrical power plant, where it uses electrical power from the electrical power plant and organic matter to form a useful fuel during periods when the electrical power plant has relatively high excess capacity. The useful fuel is then supplied to an electrical generator during periods of relatively low excess capacity, thereby allowing electrical generator to increase the power delivered by said power plant during periods of peak electricity demand.

Abstract: A child care storage has a warming-in-water compartment in which infant foods contained therein are warmed up by a warming-in-water apparatus. The warming-in-water apparatus includes a cylindrical inner tub, the inner tub having an mounting groove at its inner lower periphery, a warming-in-water tub detachably inserted into the inner tub, the warming-in-water tub containing infant food or goods therein together with water, and a heater, arranged in the mounting groove of the inner tub, for heating the warming-in-water tub to thereby warm up the infant foods or goods therein.

Abstract: A power supply with a cooling function includes a power supply case, a thermoelectric cooling module and a cold side heat dissipation member. The thermoelectric cooling module disposed at an installation surface opening on the power supply case has a cold side and a hot side. The hot side extends to the inside of the power supply case, and the cold side heat dissipation member for improving heat exchange is coupled with the cold side and extends to the outside of the power supply case.

Abstract: In apparatus to convert cryogenic fluid to gas, a vaporizer having passages to pass the cool or cold cryogenic fluid in heat transfer relation with warming gas flowing downwardly through the vaporizer, the vaporizer having surfaces on which ice collects and from which ice falls to the base of the vaporizer and collects in a pile, and removing fluid flow control means operating to direct flow of removing fluid at the ice pile with sufficient force to cause removal of such ice in the pile relative to the vaporizer base.

Abstract: Apparatus to convert LNG to gas, comprising a vaporizer having passages to pass the cool or cold LNG in heat transfer relation with warming gas flowing downwardly to discharge in multiple directions, and flow control means to control discharge of the gas flow in selected direction or directions, as a function of wind direction.

Abstract: An apparatus for the efficient cooling of produce directed to the cooling of freshly picked produce in containers on pallets. The apparatus has a first opening for the entrance of stacks of containers to be moved through cooling enclosure. The stacks of containers are moved through to a first cooling area wherein the containers are exposed to cooling air provided in a first direction. The stacks of containers are then moved through to a second cooling area wherein the containers are exposed to cooling air in a second direction. Isolation of the containers and routing of the air flow is supplemented with air inflatable seals which abut the containers. A method for the efficient cooling of produce utilizing an apparatus as described.

Abstract: Frozen carbonated beverage apparatus and method is illustrated, and has a freeze chamber in which beverage is frozen wherein the addition of beverage to the freeze chamber is controlled in response to pressure in the freeze chamber. Controlling the addition of unfrozen beverage to the freeze chamber in response to the pressure provides a method of controlling the beverage in the freeze chamber. As freeze chamber pressure falls to a pre-determined lower pressure, beverage is added to the freeze chamber until a pre-determined upper pressure. Beverage may be added to the freeze cylinder at a rate that matches the cooling rate of the beverage within the freeze chamber so that unfrozen beverage added to the freeze chamber is rapidly frozen and does not significantly alter the viscosity (consistency) of the frozen carbonated beverage.

Abstract: The present invention disclosures a central air-conditioning energy conservation fuzzy control method and fuzzy controller, including: micro-computer, input circuit, output circuit, protective circuit, communication interface circuit, power and micro-computer control program, it is based on the human (expert)'s rich experience and thought to form a fuzzy rule to make inference and judgment, it imitate the expert to resolve the complicated problems in the air-conditioner operation. The precise mathematical model has no need to be established for the controlled central air-conditioner, but only the fuzzy description is needed to realize the controlling. This kind of controlling is more conform the complexity, dynamics and fuzziness of the central air-conditioner, it makes the controlling simple and could realize a best central air-conditioning system operation—safety, comfort and energy conservation.

Abstract: The invention consists of a unit 10 including a two-piece, snap together housing made of elements 40 and 50 which forms the orifice seat and the transitions which direct moisture away from the seat area and prevents the accumulation of moisture in the seat area. Left-Hand (LH) housing 50 contains a blind journal and right-hand (RH) housing portion 40 contains a through journal for support and location of the gate 60. Also integral to the RH housing portion 40. are bosses for attaching the snap action switches 80, which determine gate orientation and mounting a gear motor 90, and can generally be referenced as “gate position sensors”. Such switches could also be replaced with other gate position sensors such as know in the art such as hall effect switches, magnetic switches, optical devices, etc. The gear motor provides the driving torque to the gate 60 through a cam-coupling 70, which has four switch detents 71, oriented to an internal shaft indexing means.

Abstract: This invention describes a bypass valve, which allows a controlled, variable amount of Freon to continuously flow from the high pressure side of an air conditioning system to the low pressure side without passing through the compressor or radiator. Said valve is only fully closed when maximum cooling is desired. Said valve requires only a simple set-point thermostat and servo motor to automatically control automobile cabin temperature, while giving maximum savings of engine power and fuel economy.

Abstract: In an electric refrigeration appliance having at least one refrigeration compartment, a refrigerating arrangement having an evaporator, and a control device that controls the refrigeration compartment temperature and that has a temperature sensor; the temperature sensor is located away from the evaporator and in a portion of a refrigeration compartment volume selected with the exclusion of a first top portion of the refrigeration compartment having a volume equal to roughly 8-10% of the total internal volume of the refrigeration compartment, and with the exclusion of a second front portion of a depth equal to at least 10% of the total inside depth of the refrigeration compartment.

Abstract: A self-regulating cooling/heating system employs a variable flow manifold that allows the automatic re-direction of cooling/heating fluid (air, water, phase transition medium) to the areas of the cabinet or enclosure that requires the most cooling/heating. This enables a more efficient use of cooling/heating capability, sending the cooled/heated fluid to areas of greatest temperature differential, which will result in a greater amount of thermal energy being transferred to the cooling/heating medium. This technique yields more efficient electronics and systems.

Abstract: A refrigeration system includes a primary compressor that receives refrigerant from an evaporator and delivers refrigerant to a condenser, a subcooling compressor that delivers refrigerant to the condenser, and a subcooler that receives refrigerant from the condenser. A first refrigerant flow path and a second refrigerant flow path pass through the subcooler. The first refrigerant flow path delivers a portion of the refrigerant to the evaporator, and the second refrigerant flow path delivers a remainder of the refrigerant to the subcooling compressor. The refrigeration system includes a controller operable to control operation of the subcooling compressor such that the refrigeration system operates at a point of highest efficiency.

Abstract: Improved means for powering and increasing evaporative cooling in an indirect-direct evaporative cooling (IDEC) apparatus are disclosed. Sustainable energy from solar energy mixed with grid power, when needed, power the IDEC device. These DC and AC power sources are seamlessly merged in a unique diode interconnect unit. Improved means for evaporative cooling include a rayon-based flocking on the wet side of molded plastic indirect evaporative cooling plates. Separate wet and dry passages through those plates are facilitated by a unique means for clamping the upper ends of the plates. These clamping means also add to the structural integrity of an array of plates so that the array can be inserted in and removed from a housing containing other operational components of the IDEC such as fan, direct cooling plates and water distribution means.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a system for heat refinement by utilizing waste heat in a conduct (6) comprising a first cycle (2), an evaporator (4) In which the circulating working fluid is evaporated to gas, a compressor (8) that compress the gas, a condenser (10) that condenses the gas to a condensate and releases heat to a passing heat carrier in the condenser, and an expansion valve (14) that expands the condensate and bring back the working fluid to the evaporator (4). The system further comprises a second cycle (16; 16a-d) is attached to the first cycle (2), a turbine (18), which supplies gas from the evaporator (4),,whereby an expansion occurs, whereafter condensate is brought back to the evaporator (4).

Abstract: An coaxial-flow heat exchanging structure having a proximal end and a distal end for exchanging heat between a source of fluid at a first temperature and the environment (e.g. air, ground, water, slurry etc.) at a second temperature. The coaxial-flow heat transfer structure comprises: a thermally conductive outer tube section, and an inner tube section having an inner flow channel and being coaxially arranged within the outer tube section. An outer flow channel is formed between the inner and outer tube sections, and helically-extending turbulence generator is provided along the outer flow channel, so as to create turbulence along the flow of heat exchanging fluid flowing between the inner and outer flow channels, and thereby increasing the heat transfer through the walls of the outer tube section to the ambient environment.

Abstract: The compressor head, internal and/or external discriminator, and manifold design in general utilize ball valves on the suction and discharge of a cylinder head in the recovery of refrigerant liquid and/or vapor. The device facilitates the flashing of liquid refrigerant pumped to the compressor which, in turn, assists to cool the compressor head. The flashing of liquid refrigerant to vapor also deters liquid transfer into the compressor enhancing performance thereof. The vapor passages within the discriminator, cylinder head and/or manifold are sized for receipt of spring actuated ball's to open and/or close the vapor passages during suction and/or discharge of refrigerant vapor or liquid by the compressor.

Abstract: An evaporator which enables respective side surfaces of an inner liner defining a storage compartment to be uniformly cooled to provide uniform distribution of temperature in the storage compartment. A refrigerator includes the evaporator positioned on an outer surface of the inner liner to absorb heat from the inner liner. The evaporator includes at least two side surface cooling portions respectively positioned on at least first and second side surfaces of the inner liner. The side surface cooling portion positioned at a downstream side to allow refrigerant of lower cooling capability to flow therethrough is longer than the side surface cooling portion positioned at an upstream side to allow refrigerant of higher cooling capability to flow therethrough. The refrigerant cools the inner liner while flowing through the side surface cooling portion positioned at the downstream side for a longer period, enabling a uniform distribution of temperature in the storage compartment.