Abstract: A third input device used in a mouse is constructed to have a wheel holder mounted on a bottom board inside the mouse, a roller, the roller having a closed outer side, an inner side, and a receiving open chamber in the inner side, an encoding wheel mounted inside the roller and pivoted with the roller to the wheel holder, the encoding wheel having a mechanical tooth form, and a locating plate coupled to the inner side of the roller for enabling the roller to be pivoted with the encoding wheel to the wheel holder, the locating plate holding a plurality of probes respectively disposed in contact with the tooth form of the encoding wheel and adapted to output a signal indicative of direction and amount of rotation of the encoding wheel and the roller.

Abstract: An optical navigation sensor device and an image processing method using a 2-dimensional sequential image process are disclosed. A pre-processor stores digital voltage values of respective pixels of an image received from a pre-processor in a memory, performs a pre-process for the digital voltage values of respective pixels sequentially received from the memory, thereby producing a pre-processed current image, and extracts a pre-processed current central image from the pre-processed current image. A motion coordinate calculator stores the pre-processed current central image as X/Y-axis reference image candidates, determines replacement of X/Y-axis reference images for calculation of motion coordinate values of a next pre-processed image in accordance with X/Y-axis motions of the pre-processed current image, and compares the pre-processed current image with the X/Y-axis reference images, thereby calculating X/Y-axis motion coordinate values of the pre-processed current image.

Abstract: A key inputting device includes a vowel switch for inputting vowels, and consonant switches for inputting consonants. The vowel switch is displacable in five directions, each consonant switch is displacable in three directions, and displacement directions of each switch are allotted to each letter of alphabet corresponding to at least a movement of articulatory organs when pronouncing each letter, that is, a movement or a location of a jaw, a throat, a tongue, lips. The vowel switch is operationable by a thumb, and the consonant switches are operationable by an index finger, a middle finger, a ring finger, and a little finger, respectively.

Abstract: An input system for compact devices such as cell phones and watches which includes alphanumeric and pointer capability, provides input rates similar to those of optimized-stylus-keyboard and thumboard systems, and is one-hand operable and compatible with full-face displays. Input is by means of an “eyes-free” pointing device (which may be a touchpad with tactile markings, an isometric sensor or an array of discrete keys) which may be mounted on the back of the unit. An optionally-displayed menu of input options embodies a gestural code: the action needed to select a symbol on the menu is the required gesture—even when the menu is not shown. Cursor control is through an absolute positional function; this permits experienced users to type by touch, relying on kinesthetic cues.

Abstract: An electronic device (1) comprises a control element (6) for receiving user input, and the control element (6) comprises at least a first input means (6b), a second input means (6c) and a protective cover (2) with a specified place for the control element (6). The first input means (6b) is essentially plane-shaped and the second input means (6c) is essentially ring-shaped; the control element (6) has a first input mode and a second input mode; in the first input mode, the control element (6) is arranged to receive input in the form of navigation information; and in the second input mode, the control element (6) is arranged to receive input in the form of alphanumeric information. The device (1) is arranged to be controlled by means of information received by the control element (6).

Abstract: A method for implementing functions of hotkeys. The method includes the steps of asserting an SMI signal when an SMI event is detected, determining whether the SMI event results from one of the hotkeys being pressed, determining whether the OS is of a first or second type if the SMI event results from one of the hotkeys being pressed, reading a status value corresponding to the pressed hotkey and implementing one of the functions corresponding to the status value by the BIOS if the OS is of the first type, and reading the status value corresponding to the pressed hotkey and transferring the status value to the OS by the BIOS, and implementing one of the functions corresponding to the status value by the OS if the OS is of the second type.

Abstract: A method and system for enabling user interaction with computer software running in a computer system via an interface surface and a sensing device. The interface surface contains information relating to the computer software and coded data indicative of a text field. When placed in an operative position relative to the interface surface, the sensing device senses indicating data indicative of the text field and generates movement data indicative of the sensing device's movement relative to the interface surface. The indicating data and movement data are received in the computer system and the text field is identified from the indicating data. The computer software is operated at least partly in reliance on the movement data, and in accordance with instructions associated with the text field.

Abstract: A flip-style user interface for controlling a display on a device such as a computer system, and a method thereof. Layers of flexible material are coupled along one edge in a stack that is coupled to the computer system. A user flips the layers (e.g., leaves) in a manner similar to the way pages in a book are flipped. The separation and/or bending of the leaves caused by the flipping is translated into changes in the display. For example, a different page in a document, calendar, or address book can be displayed as the user moves (separates or bends) the leaves of the user interface. Separation of the leaves can be detected by conducting pads positioned on the top and bottom surfaces of each leaf, such that a pad on the surface of one leaf is in electrical contact with a corresponding pad on the facing surface of the adjacent leaf. The pads are separated when the leaves are separated, breaking the electrical connection and allowing the separation to be detected.

Abstract: A coordinate inputting apparatus capable of being used in combination with a device generating noise, comprises an input section for inputting coordinates, a detecting section for detecting the input coordinates, and a control section for controlling the entire coordinate inputting apparatus. The control section sets a detecting time during which the detecting section detects the coordinates and a non-detecting time during which detection is not performed, the detecting time and the non-detecting time being alternately repeated, and the control section controls the coordinate inputting apparatus so that an operation of the device is stopped for at least a time during which the coordinate inputting apparatus is otherwise affected by the noise, the time being part of the detecting time.

Abstract: A method for creating an ink-trail and implementing a partial ink layer in a pen based computing apparatus is described. The partial ink layer, which is smaller than a display window of a computing apparatus, is located at a starting address with a shape and size that fits within the display widow. An ink trail is created within the ink layer that simulates ink flowing from the pen to paper while a character, or several cursive characters, is formed by the pen while touching a touch screen overlaying the display screen of the computing apparatus. The ink trail is erased when the pen is removed from the touch screen. The bit depth of the pixels in the partial ink layer are less than for the pixels of the main display and can be as few as 2, which includes a transparency bit.

Abstract: An editing apparatus and an editing method in a pen computing system using a whole display screen as an input window. Edited information written or drawn by a user on a transparent layer, which is displayed over original text, is stored as a picture or translated into computer-processible recognition data. Each transparent layer has a layer identifier. The user can display multiple layers over the original text by selecting layer identifiers to reflect layer information in a picture form or in a computer code form. The layer information, if demanded by the user, can be combined with the original text in order to generate edited text.

Abstract: In a display apparatus, a first data control circuit, a second data control circuit, a first selection control circuit and a second selection control circuit, all disposed in the periphery of a display region, and a power supply region are formed in a manner such that at least part of the first data control circuit, second data control circuit, first selection control circuit and second selection control circuit is overlapped with the power supply region. The power supply region and a cathode region are provided over a large area in a layer or layers different from the above-mentioned circuits disposed in the periphery of the display region.

Abstract: To prevent a timing shift of a clock and data supplied to a driver IC. A driver 1011 includes a phase adjustment circuit 201 for receiving via input terminals a clock and data outputted from a controller 103, latching received data with the clock adjusted to a 50-percent duty ratio, and outputting as phase-adjusted signals the data having the latched data further latched by synchronizing it with a delay clock having the duty-ratio-adjusted clock delayed by (?/2) and the clock of the 50-percent duty ratio.

Abstract: A hybrid electronic display combines one or more light emissive display elements (33) and one or more reflective display elements (34). The respective display element types (33, 34) are configured to display a representation of the same information to a viewer of the display and are activatable to compensate for variations in ambient lighting conditions.

Abstract: Disclosed is a liquid crystal driving semiconductor chip capable of preventing an electrostatic-surge originated malfunction. A monitor electrode for monitoring the ground potential of an external power supply circuit is provided as separate from a ground electrode 16 for power supply, the logical level of the monitor electrode is detected by an NMOS transistor in a level monitor section and a NAND gate is controlled by the detected signal. When the ground potential in the semiconductor chip drops due to, for example, a negative electrostatic surge, the logical level of the monitor electrode increases relatively to turn the NMOS transistor on, thereby setting the detected signal to “L”. As a result, the NAND gate is closed so that an enable signal from a control electrode stops being supplied to a control section, thereby preventing a malfunction originating from the erroneous enable signal.

Abstract: When a player instructs a movement of a player character from an input device, a control section obtains a position of the player character during a current frame period. The control section obtains a distance between the position of the player character during the current period and a position of a view point of a virtual camera during a previous frame period. If the obtained distance is less than a predetermined critical near distance, the control section moves the position of the view point away from the player character. If the obtained distance exceeds a critical far distance, the control section moves the position of the view point towards the player character. If the obtained distance is in the range between the critical near distance and the critical far distance, the control section does not move the position of the view point.

Abstract: A hard disk stores a CAD file having 3-D data that relates to an assembly product comprised of a plurality of parts. Based on this 3-D data of an assembly product, a parts data retriever retrieves 3-D data for each part. According to this 3-D data for each part, a bitmap output unit generates 2-D bitmap image data illustrating the part image, which is viewed from a predetermined direction. Moreover, using the 2-D data of the part, a management data generator generates a management table describing steps to output an assembly scene on a screen. A file having this management table and a file having 2-D data are then delivered to a PC for assembly scene output, in order to output the assembly scene.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention provides a system that facilitates using visual effects within a three-dimensional (3D) display environment to indicate a usage context of a computational resource, which is represented by a 3D object in the 3D display environment. During operation, the system determines the usage context of the computational resource. Next, the system determines visual effects corresponding to the usage context to apply to the 3D object which represents the computational resource. Finally, the system applies the visual effects to the 3D object. In this way, the usage context of the corresponding computational resource can be determined by viewing the 3D object within the 3D display environment.

Abstract: A system and method for rapid processing of scene-graph-based data and/or programs is disclosed. In one embodiment, the system may be configured to utilize a scene graph directly. In another embodiment, the system may be configured to generate a parallel structure including a plurality of data structures and corresponding threads that manage the data originally received as part of the scene graph. The data structures and threads may be configured to convey information about state changes through the use of messaging. The system may include support for messaging between threads, messaging with time and/or event stamps, epochs to ensure consistency, and ancillary structures such as render-bins, geometry structures, and rendering environment structures.

Abstract: A graphic processor having an index processing unit for pre-processing a list of vertices making up a three-dimensional image. The method of pre-processing comprising the following steps. First, decomposing the three-dimensional image into a plurality of primitive elements each defined by a set of vertices, each vertex comprising vertex information stored in a vertex storage area and addressable by a vertex index. Then receiving said vertex indices and creating a set of unique indices identifying a batch of vertices and loading only the vertices corresponding to said unique indices into the vertex storage area. Finally creating transformed primitive elements from transformed vertex information addressed in the vertex storage area using the unique indices.

Abstract: A system and method are provided for conditional branching in a hardware graphics pipeline. Initially, a plurality of graphics commands is received. Condition data is then affected based on at least some of the graphics commands utilizing the hardware graphics pipeline. At least one of the graphics commands is then conditionally skipping based on the condition data in response to another graphics command utilizing the hardware graphics pipeline.

Abstract: A method and system for defining a horizon on the surface with reference to the observation point, and identifying a region within the space that is beneath the horizon. Identifying a region that is beneath the horizon includes projecting a ray from the observation point that intersects the horizon and defines an area that is occluded from the observation point. The method and system may also include determining the depth of the region that is beneath the horizon and disregarding this region when the depth is less than a predetermined threshold. In addition, the method and system may identify a region within the space that is beyond the horizon.

Abstract: A rendering pipeline system for a computer environment uses screen space tiling (SST) to eliminate the memory bandwidth bottleneck due to frame buffer access and performs screen space tiling efficiently, while avoiding the breaking up of primitives. The system also reduces the buffering size required by SST. High quality, full-scene anti-aliasing is easily achieved because only the on-chip multi-sample memory corresponding to a single tile of the screen is needed. The invention uses a double-z scheme that decouples the scan conversion/depth-buffer processing from the more general rasterization and shading processing through a scan/z engine. The scan/z engine externally appears as a fragment generator but internally resolves visibility and allows the rest of the rendering pipeline to perform setup for only visible primitives and shade only visible fragments.

Abstract: A method for converting a subdivision surface, such as a Catmull-Clark subdivision surface, into a cubic Bezier surface defined by sixteen control points. The method includes (a) converting a subdivision face to Bezier control points using a conversion matrix using fifteen points and a dummy value for an unavailable sixteenth point; and (b) replacing one of the Bezier control points which corresponds to an extraordinary point on the subdivision face with the extraordinary point's limit point.

Abstract: A method to define a curved slab region of interest that includes vessels while maximally excluding surrounding soft tissue and bone is provided. The thickness of the curved slab is automatically adapted to the thickness of the vessel and follows the tortuous vessel(s) so that an increase in tortuousity does not result in a disproportionate increase in the region of interest required to enclose the vessel. A plurality of boundary pairs is determined in the view plane to define a vessel. Vessel-intensities are determined for each one of the boundary pairs. The boundary pairs with associated intensities define the view of the vessel in the projection plane. Context-intensity could be defined in the area surrounding the boundary pairs in the projection and/or transverse plane. The method also includes several steps that will result in a better boundary outline and view of the vessel.

Abstract: A method of selectively providing cartographic features on a video display of a navigation system for improved rendering is provided. The method includes the steps of determining an operational mode of the navigation system, selecting a desired cartographic entity for a cartographic feature based upon the operational mode, and displaying the desired cartographic entity on the video display. For example, less detailed cartographic entities are selected for display when the navigation system is in an operational mode that requires the video display to be updated frequently ore a mode in which it is desirable to focus the user's attention on a different cartographic entity. The less detailed cartographic entity may have a lower intensity than or contrast less with surrounding cartographic entities. In this manner, the user may be provided the desired level of map details with the video display regenerated rapidly.

Abstract: A computer-implemented system and method for generating data graphical displays. The data is indicative of a plurality of variables. The system and method receive data that is to be displayed in a non-textual format. Graph style data items are retrieved that contain display characteristics for displaying the data in the non-textual format. The data is displayed in accordance with the graph style data items.

Abstract: A display for sharing the display data channel is provided. The display shares the display data channel and thus the preexisting display data channel can be used as the interface for RS232 or I2C communication for performing the ISP or adjustment of the firmware. Hence, it can simplify the manufacturing tools, enhance the manufacturing efficiency, and allow the users to update the firmware by themselves.

Abstract: A system for storing, communicating, and displaying image or graphic data over a network. The system includes a client that is connectable to a server via a network. The server is configured to store an image file having image data, where the structure of the image file preferably includes submatrices. The submatrices allow the system to render the images using an adaptive rendering technique.

Abstract: An image processing circuit comprising plural line buffers is provided. Each line buffer stores pixel data of plural pixels as line data. A first image processing part performs a first image processing task on original image data provided from the exterior by using the line data stored in at least one of the line buffers. A second image processing part performs a second image processing task on the processed image data from the first image processing part by using the line data stored in at least one of the line buffers. A line buffer selector selectively connects the first image processing part and the second image processing part to any number of line buffers. An output path selector selects one of an output path that skips the second image processing task and an output path that performs the second image processing task.

Abstract: A drawing-information processing apparatus is used for setting drawing information at positions specified through a drawing-information inputting part. An attribute-inputting part is used for setting attribute of the drawing information, and a changing part is used for changing an attribute of the drawing information while the drawing information is input through the drawing-information inputting part.

Abstract: In an original image, an area whose brightness is smaller than a predetermined value is detected as an ink line area, and a neighboring area of the ink line area, which surrounds the ink line area, is detected as a neighboring area. Furthermore, with respect to an area other than the ink line area and the neighboring area in the original image, an outline portion of an image is detected as an outline area. A color is applied to the ink line area and the outline area, and a different color is applied to an area other than the above two types of area.

Abstract: A texturing system for use in a three-dimensional graphics system has an input for receiving object data for an object to be textured. Encrypted texture data is obtained from a store a decrypted in a decryption unit. The decrypted texture data generates texture image data for a frame buffer from where it can be output for display. There is also provides a method for producing a software application for use in a three-dimensional graphics system which creates instructions for a software application and creates static texture data for use in conjunction with the instructions. The static texture data is encrypted and provided as encrypted texture data with the software instructions.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention provides a system that facilitates redirecting the output of direct rendering graphics calls in a 3D window system. The system interposes a redirection library between an application and a direct rendering library in the 3D window system. This redirection library is a 3D foundation library that intercepts direct rendering calls. The redirection library routes the direct rendering calls to a display server. The display server renders the direct rendering calls into texture rather than rendering the direct rendering calls into a window on a screen of a display device. The system then displays the texture on a 3D shape through the display device.

Abstract: Shadows, which play an important role in perceiving the shape and texture of an object, are simulated interactively in a real time, self-shadowing of a bump mapped surface for a computer rendered object. A computer graphics textured object function defines a horizon map over an orientation in a tangent space of the object using different textures or basis functions. The implementation can be performed using commodity graphics hardware by precomputing the horizon map for limited visibility for each point on the bump mapped surface given light in each of a plurality of radial directions. The horizon map is used to produce self-shadowing of the bump mapped surface of the object.

Abstract: A method of rendering a glyph of a vector-based font comprises the steps of: generating a MIP map for a glyph, where the MIP map comprises at least one level having a plurality of pixels and where each level is generated from original vector data for the glyph; and storing the MIP map on a computer readable medium. The method further comprises placing the glyph in an image to be rendered; retrieving the stored MIP map for the glyph; rendering a level of the MIP map, where the level is associated with a resolution of the glyph; and displaying the glyph as the rendered level.

Abstract: A RGB to YUV conversion is presented that provides separate lumina and chroma filtering to produce the Y data block, and the U and V data blocks. Lumina filter interpolation is performed with, for example, a 5-tap filter while chroma filtering interpolation is performed with, for example, a 7-tap filter. The filtering arrangements take advantage of the eye's higher visual sensitivity to spatial variation compared to color variation.

Abstract: Disclosed is a tangible computer-readable medium encoded with an image-based clipping computer program. This image-based clipping computer program when executed by one or more processors should cause the processor(s) to generate a clipped pattern. To generate this clipped pattern, the processors preferably select a pattern using coordinates from an original shape; initialize a clipped pattern to the selected shapes pattern; calculate a first and second pixel where an original triangle intersects the bounds of a view volume; calculate a cutting edge which runs through the first pixel and the second pixel; select a clipping pattern(s) according to the relative position of cutting edge and the bounding box and perform a logical AND operation with the clipped shape and the selected clipping pattern(s).

Abstract: The present invention provides a technology that enables projection images to be overlaid with embellishment effects without depending on the capabilities of the image supply apparatus. A projection display apparatus that projects images onto a screen responsive to given image data, comprises: an embellishment effect memory for storing embellishment effect data representing an embellishment effect image that can be used to embellish an arbitrary image; an image embellishment section that generates embellished image data by overlaying an original image represented by the given image data and the embellishment effect image; a light modulation unit that is driven responsive to the embellished image data pixel by pixel; and an optical system for projecting onto the screen the embellished image obtained by the light modulation unit. A projection display apparatus superimposes the embellishment effect on the projected image without having to rely on the capabilities of an image supply apparatus.

Abstract: The invention facilitates a setting operation relating to the displaying and laying out of images and arranges it so that the layout will reflect the preferences of the observer. The invention provides a medical image display apparatus for displaying medial images and other medical data on a display unit. An image storage unit for storing medical images and a processor are connected to the display unit. A frequency-of-use storage unit and a mode storage unit are connected to the processor. When medical images have been displayed, the frequency-of-use storage unit stores the frequency of use of the layout type. The apparatus sets a display format of the medical images automatically based upon the frequency of use of this layout type. There is a good possibility that a layout type having a high frequency of use will reflect the preference of the reader (observer).

Abstract: A medical imaging device and method having a display screen, a processor for processing image data in order to display the data in the form of a 3D model, and a user interface. The processor acquires at least two points positioned in the 3D model via the user interface; deduces the positioning of an axis defined by the two points in the 3D model, and reorients the 3D model in such a manner that the axis as indicated in this way is to be found in a predefined orientation relative to the plane of the display screen.

Abstract: Automatic controllable display device according to image display direction comprising: image display matter which image displayed in; slope information controller for detecting slope information of the image display matter; main controller for generating image controlling signal as a slope of the image display matter and receiving the slope information of image display matter which is detected by the image information controller; image display controller which handle image signal for displaying in the image display matter by image controlling signal; image display memory for storing the image signal, and furnishing the image display matter the image signal.

Abstract: In order to provide an image processing system that can correct color non-uniformity due to deterioration with time in a more appropriate manner, a projector is provided with an image projection section which displays a calibration image; a sensing section which senses the displayed calibration image; an area detection section which detects an image display area based on sensing information, and also divides the image display area into a plurality of target areas; a brightness information generation section which generates brightness information which indicates an average brightness index value within each of the target areas that have been divided by the area detection section, based on the sensing information; a correction amount calculation section which calculates a correction amount for input-output characteristic data from each of the target areas, based on the brightness information; and a color non-uniformity correction section which corrects color non-uniformity of the image, based on input-output ch

Abstract: A beam detection sensor detects power of a laser beam from one of a plurality of light sources for each scanning of a scanning section to provide a light power signal. A laser control circuit compares a value of the light power signal with a predetermined value, adjusts a terminal voltage of a capacitor based on a result of the comparison, controls emission power of one of the light sources in accordance with the terminal voltage of the capacitor, and executes the control once for each light source during a plurality of scanning operations. An APC correction circuit corrects a reduction in the power of a laser beam in accordance with a reduction in electric charges applied to the capacitor caused by a leakage current during the plurality of scanning operations.

Abstract: A card-cleaning assembly for printers is provided. The assembly can be used in any suitable card printing apparatus, particularly thermal dye printers. Such card printers are used to print driver's licenses, employee badges, student cards, and the like. The assembly includes a card-cleaning roller and an adhesive tape cartridge. The cleaning roller contacts the card and removes dust and dirt particles and other debris from the surface of the card. The tape cartridge is attached to a pivoting arm on the printer which pivots so that the adhesive tape engages the cleaning roller and removes the debris from the roller as the roller rotates.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method using thermal and inkjet printing and a combination thermal and inkjet printer includes a thermal print head, an inkjet print head and at least one motor for driving a web of record members, such as labels past the thermal print head and the inkjet print head. A controller controls the thermal print head and the inkjet print head while the inkjet print head remains stationary to print on a record member as the record member moves continuously past each of the print heads at the same speed to provide a simple, fast and inexpensive and less complex combination thermal and inkjet printer than prior combination printers. The thermal print head is used to print data and the ink jet print head is used to print marks of any of various contrasting colors.

Abstract: In a thermal head provided with a resistance layer having a plurality of heating element portions which generate heat by energization, an insulating barrier layer which determines the two-dimensional size of each heating element portion by covering each heating element portion, and electrode layers electrically connected to two end portions of each of the plural heating element portions, in the length direction of the resistance, a heat transfer layer is disposed on at least the insulating barrier layer to determine the two-dimensional surface exposure area of the insulating barrier layer by covering part of the insulating barrier layer and to dissipate the heat generated from the plural heating element portions, and surface exposure regions of the insulating barrier layer are specified as effective heating regions of the plural heating element portions by adjusting the two-dimensional size of the heat transfer layer.

Abstract: A printer and a method of controlling the printer. The printer includes a color ink ribbon and a thermal head for forming images on recording sheets and an accommodating portion accommodating the ink ribbon and the thermal head therein. The printer includes several paths for conveying the recording sheet including a circular path around the accommodating portion. Depending on the length of the recording sheet, the printer conveys the recording sheet along one of the several paths during a printing operation.

Abstract: After a cyan photosensitive layer of a rolled paper 2 is colored by a printing head 6, the printed rolled paper 2a is wound back and is conveyed again upstream upon a rolled paper body 1 at a three times backward movement, referring now to a step S6 depicted in FIG. 4. A beginning end 2a-1 of the printed rolled paper 2a is halted and is kept upon being pinched in a position up to a point of contact P of a nipping portion between the mail roller 4 and the pinch roller 5 for a constant time, such as three (3) seconds. After that, a fourth times forward/backward movements & fixing processes and a fifth times forward movement F are carried out in order as to steps S7 through S9. In a cutting step S10, a cutter 3 cuts respectively the beginning end and a finishing end of the printed rolled paper 2a to produce a printed sheet product to immediately before an ejecting step S11 for ejecting the printed rolled paper 2a as a product by a pair of ejection rollers 11 from a body of the photographic printer.

Abstract: An illumination system includes a plurality of solid state light emitters and a scanner operative to sequentially receive light from the plurality of solid state light emitters and to provide a time-multiplexed light output. The solid state light emitters are each operated in pulse mode to increase their brightness relative to the light output of similar emitters operating in continuous mode. The time multiplexed light output is a generally continuous output having a brightness that is greater than the brightness of the output of similar emitters operating in continuous mode. The time multiplexed light output is useful in photolithography and machine vision applications.