Abstract: The invention relates to an improved method for the preparation of 11(12)-pentadecen-15-olides.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing an oxide from an alcohol compound, the process comprising the steps of causing silica gel to carry the alcohol compound thereon and an oxidative catalyst thereon, and oxidizing the alcohol compound in the presence of an oxidizing agent, giving an oxide higher in oxidizing degree than the alcohol compound, and also provides a process for producing an oxide from an alcohol compound, the process comprising the steps of causing silica gel to carry the alcohol compound, and subjecting the alcohol compound to an electrolytic oxidation, giving an oxide higher in oxidizing degree than the alcohol compound.

Abstract: A compound represented by the formula (I) defined herein and a compound represented by the formula (II) defined herein, and a process for producing the compound represented by the formula (I) which comprises reacting the compound represented by the formula (III) defined herein with the compound represented by the formula (IV) defined herein.

Abstract: (A) A compound capable of forming a stable radical and selected from (A1) oxygen-atom-containing compounds each having a carbon-hydrogen bond at the adjacent position to an oxygen atom, (A2) carbonyl-group-containing compounds, and (A3) compounds each having a hydrocarbon group with a methine carbon atom is allowed to react with (B) a radical scavenging compound selected from, for example, (B1) unsaturated compounds, and (B2) compounds each having a hydrocarbon group with a methine carbon atom, in the presence of molecular oxygen by catalysis of, for example, an imide compound shown by the following formula (1): wherein each of R1 and R2 is a hydrogen atom or the like, where R1 and R2 may be combined to form a double bond, or an aromatic or non-aromatic ring; X is an oxygen atom or a hydroxyl group, to yield a product of an addition or substitution reaction of the compound (A) and the compound (B) or its oxidized product.

Abstract: Novel alkanolamides prepared by the reaction of an alkanolamine and shea butter, preferably mild-processed shea butter (MPSB). Materials of the present invention are useful as cosmetic and personal care ingredients; they thicken shampoos and body washes, stabilize foam, and deliver to the hair and skin highly desirable unsaponifiables present in shea butter, including natural antioxidants.

Abstract: This invention describes a reductive amination process whereby perfluorinated ketones or ketals are combined with ?-aminoesters under basic conditions to form metal carboxylates. Diastereoselective reductions of the metal carboxylates enable access to two diastereomers, depending on the reducing conditions.

Abstract: A method for forming cascade polymers specifically utilizing the amine monomer of the formula The monomer is made by initially reacting nitromethane and CH2?CHCO2-TBu by nucleophilic addition to form the triester nitrotrialkanoate of the formula and then reducing the nitrosubstituent to afford the said amine monomer.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing metal salts of radical-polymerizable compounds with reduced amount of water in the below-mentioned component (A) by subjecting an aqueous solution of an alkali-metal salt, alkali earth-metal salt, or a zinc salt of the radical-polymerizable compound (A) to heating under a reduced pressure in the presence of an aqueous polymerization inhibitor for removal of aqueous components by distillation from aforementioned compounds (A).

Abstract: A method for producing acrylic acid by using an acrylic acid-containing solution of high concentration without azeotropic distillation is provided. This method of producing acrylic acid comprises introducing an acrylic acid-containing gas obtained by catalytic gas phase oxidation reaction into an absorption column and supplying the acrylic acid-containing solution to crystallization step thereby separating the solution into acrylic acid and residual mother liquid, and distilling at least part of the residual mother liquid and circulating the distillate obtained by the distillation to the absorption column.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of iminodisuccinic acid ammonium metal salts, characterized in that, in a first stage, maleic anhydride (MA), alkali metal hydroxide and water are mixed in the molar ratio of 2:0–3:5–30 and then ammonia is metered in in the ratio MA: ammonia 2:1.5–8, in order to obtain iminodisuccinic acid ammonium salts which, in a second stage, are reacted with metal oxides, metal hydroxides (and) or other metal salts or their mixtures to give iminodisuccinic acid ammonium metal salts of the formula 8, IDA(NH4)x(Na)y(K)z(Me)m.(NH3)nFormula 8 in which IDA represents iminodisuccinic acid moiety, x=0.1–3.9 y=0–3 z=0–3 m=0.1–2 n=0–6 and Me represents metals of the IInd, IIIrd and IVth main groups and of the Ist to VIIIth subgroups as well as metals of the lanthanide series, of the Periodic Table, which can occur in the oxidation states 1, 2, 3 or 4, the compounds themselves and their intermediates and the use.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds having formula (I), which can block the response to chemical substances or thermal stimuli or mediators of inflammation of nociceptors, a production method thereof and compositions containing same.

Abstract: A dihydroxy aromatic compound having a Formula (I), wherein R1 is a C6–C60 aromatic divalent functionality, R2 at each occurrence, can be the same or different and is independently at each occurrence selected from the group consisting of a cyano functionality, a nitro functionality, a halogen, an aliphatic functionality having 1 to 10 carbons, a cycloaliphatic functionality having 3 to 10 carbons and an aromatic functionality having 6 to 10 carbons, and “n” is an integer having a value of 0 to 4.

Abstract: A method of synthesizing diacetylenic amides is described. The key steps of the invention include the reaction of an aldehyde with the monoanion of a diacetylene and the reductive removal of a propargylic alcohol. The invention offers the first known method of synthesizing diacetylenic amides that are naturally isolated from Echinacea through a direct and flexible route.

Abstract: Ionic compounds with a freezing point of up to 100° C. are formed by the reaction of an one amine salt of formula (I) R1R2R3R4N+X?, such as choline chloride with an organic compound (II) capable of forming a hydrogen bond with X; such as urea, wherein the molar ration of I to II is from 1:1.5 to 1:2.5. R1, R2, R3 and R4 may be H, optionally substituted C1 to C5 alkyl, optionally substituted C6 to C10 cycloalkyl, optionally substituted C6 to C12 aryl, optionally substituted C7 to C12 alkaryl, or R1 and R2 taken together may represent a C4 to C10 optionally substituted alkylene group, thereby forming with the N atom of formula I a 5 to 11-membered heterocyclic ring and all of R1, R2, R3 and R4 are not identical, X? may be NO3?, F, Cl?, Br?, I?, BF4?, ClO4?, CN?, SO3CF3?, or COOCF3?. The ionic compounds are useful as solvents, and electrolytes for example in electroplating, electrowinning, and electropolishing, and as catalysts.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a continuous process for the quaternization of tertiary amines with an alkyl halide. The process is performed at a temperature between 50° C. and 140° C. by reacting a tertiary amine and an alkyl halide in a tubular reactor at a pressure sufficient to keep the alkyl halide dissolved in the reaction mixture. The molar ratio between the tertiary amine and the alkyl halide is from 1:1.3 to 1:2.9 and the pressure is suitably between 12 to 65 bar. The process could be performed either with or without a solvent present, preferably without a solvent. The process gives high product yields and low amounts of by-products.

Abstract: The present invention relates to triphenylene compounds useful, for example, in an electrophotographic photoreceptor, and to a method for manufacturing these compounds.

Abstract: Substituted 4-aminocyclohexanols, methods of producing the same, pharmaceuticals containing these compounds, the use of substituted 4-aminocyclohexanols for producing pharmaceutical compositions for the treatment of various indications, in particular pain, and for related treatment methods.

Abstract: A method for preparing three types of benzidine compounds in a specific ratio, the method uses two types of diphenylamine compounds and one type of biphenyldihalide compound in a specific ratio as reactants to mix with an organic solvent and an additive to synthesize benzidine compounds in one step. The synthesized three types of benzidine compounds specially perform in a designated mixturing ratio having excellent photoelectric characteristics for a charge transporting layer in an organic photo-conductive drum.

Abstract: Disclosed are catalysts, the catalytically active mass of which contains 22 to 40 percent by weight of oxygen-containing compounds of zirconium, calculated as ZrO2, 1 to 30 percent by weight of oxygen-containing compounds of copper, calculated as CuO, 15 to 50 percent by weight of oxygen-containing compounds of nickel, calculated as NiO, the molar ratio between nickel and copper being greater than 1, 15 to 50 percent by weight of oxygen-containing compounds of cobalt, calculated as CoO, and less than 1 percent by weight of an alkali metal, calculated as alkali metal oxide, prior to being treated with hydrogen. Also disclosed is a method for the production of amines by reacting primary and secondary alcohols, aldehydes, or ketones with hydrogen and nitrogen compounds selected from the group ammonia, primary and secondary amines, in the presence of said catalysts at an elevated temperature and an elevated pressure.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a method of producing one or more 4-aminodiphenylamine intermediates comprising the steps: a. bringing an aniline or aniline derivative and nitrobenzene into reactive contact; and b. reacting the aniline and nitrobenzene in a confined zone at a suitable time and temperature, in the presence of a mixture comprising a strong organic base, or equivalent thereof, and an oxidant comprising hydrogen peroxide in an amount of from about 0.01 to about 0.60 moles of hydrogen peroxide to moles of nitrobenzene.

Abstract: A compound of formula (I) or (II): wherein A is hydrogen or CR1R2; Y and Z are each, independently, hydrogen or a halogen; X is —NR4R5, or R7; R1 is hydrogen, or a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or alkenyl group containing 1–4 carbon atoms; when X is —NR4R5, R2 is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, aralkyl aralkenyl, or aralkynyl group, that optionally includes at least one heteroatom in its carbon skeleton and contains 1–12 carbon atoms; when X is R7, R2 is an unsubstituted alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl, aralkyl aralkenyl, or aralkynyl group, that optionally includes at least one heteroatom in its carbon skeleton and contains 1–12 carbon atoms; R3 is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, aralkyl aralkenyl, or aralkynyl group, that optionally includes at least one heteroatom in its carbon skeleton and contains 1–12 carbon atoms; R4 is hydrogen, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, aralkyl

Abstract: A vicinal dithiol is produced by the reaction of an episulfide compound having at least one thiirane ring in its molecule and a thiocarboxylic S-acid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing high-purity terephthalaldehyde from terephthalaldehyde crystal containing impurities by recrystallization using an antisolvent. Low-purity terephthalaldehyde prepared by a conventional method, which contains a small amount of impurities, is dissolved in a solvent and recrystallized using water as antisolvent to obtain high-purity terephthalaldehyde. The invention is significantly advantageous in using water only as antisolvent. Also, the purification process takes short time and is economical and environment-friendly.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of enantiomerically enriched amino aldehydes and amino alcohols, wherein a corresponding enantiomerically enriched amino nitrile is subjected to hydrogenation in the presence of hydrogen, a hydrogenation catalyst, preferably a Pd-catalyst and a mineral acid. For the preparation of an amino aldehyde hydrogen preferably is present at a hydrogen-pressure between 0.1 and 2 MPa, in particular between 0.5 and 1 MPa. The amino aldehyde preferably is isolated in the form of a chemically and configurationally stable derivative. For the preparation of an amino alcohol, preferably at least during part of the hydrogenation hydrogen is present at a hydrogen-pressure between 2 and 10 MPa, in particular between 4 and 6 MPa. In a preferred embodiment the hydrogen-pressure initially is between 0.5 and 2 MPa and subsequently, after most of the nitrile starting material is converted, the hydrogen pressure is increased to a value between 2 and 10 MPa.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for the preparation of anisalcohol (methoxybenzyl alcohol) by hydrogenation of anisaldehyde (methoxybenzaldehyde) in the presence of Raney nickel and a basic additive, the use of the anisalcohol and hygiene or care products containing anisalcohol.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to novel cyclohexyl derivatives, pharmaceutical compositions containing them and their use in the treatment of disorders and diseases mediated by an estrogen receptor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an alcohol mixture which substantively comprises alcohols having 13 or 15 carbon atoms, to a process for its preparation, to a process for functionalizing these alcohol mixtures, and to the resultant functionalized alcohol mixtures and their use.

Abstract: In a process for the preparation of ring compounds via a combinatorial synthesis, the reaction procedure is based on a Suzuki coupling, subsequent halo-demetallation and finally a further Suzuki coupling. The Suzuki couplings are each carried out with a boronic acid or a boronic acid ester. The reaction procedure uses provides novel ring compounds and uses novel synthesis units used for this purpose. The novel ring compounds are suitable for use as constituents in liquid-crystalline mixtures.

Abstract: A mixture comprising at least 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane and 1,1,1-trifluoro-3-chloro-2-propene is subjected to a distillation operation, and thereby, a distillate comprising an azeotropic composition consisting substantially of 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane and 1,1,1-trifluoro-3-chloro-2-propene is obtained and a bottom product comprising 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane or 1,1,1-trifluoro-3-chloro-2-propene which each is separated and purified.

Abstract: Process for the treatment of by-products from a reaction for the production of organic compounds comprising a stage of evaporation of a liquid phase comprising heavy by-products on a surface, in order to form a concentrated phase comprising the bulk of the heavy by-products and a vapor phase essentially devoid of heavy by-products, and a stage of recovery of the solid phase from the surface.

Abstract: This invention is to a method of oligomerizing an olefin feed stream. The olefin feed stream contains at least one C2 to C12 olefin to obtain an olefin feed stream and has from about 1,000 ppm to about 10 percent by weight oxygenated hydrocarbon. The olefin is oligomerized by contacting with an acid based oligomerization catalyst.

Abstract: A process for converting natural gas to liquid hydrocarbons comprising heating the gas through a selected range of temperature for sufficient time and/or combustion of the gas at a sufficient temperature and under suitable conditions for a reaction time sufficient to convert a portion of the gas stream to reactive hydrocarbon products, primarily ethylene or acetylene. The gas containing acetylene may be separated such that acetylene is converted to ethylene. The ethylene product(s) may be reacted in the presence of an acidic catalyst to produce a liquid, a portion of which will be predominantly naphtha or gasoline. A portion of the incoming natural gas or hydrogen produced in the process may be used to heat the remainder of the natural gas to the selected range of temperature. Reactive gas components are used in a catalytic liquefaction step and/or for alternate chemical processing.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to novel alkylated aromatic compositions, zeolite catalyst compositions and processes for making the same. The catalyst compositions comprise zeolite Y and mordenite zeolite having a controlled macropore structure. The present invention is also directed to the preparation of the catalyst compositions and their use in the preparation of novel alkylated aromatic compositions. The catalyst compositions of the present invention exhibit reduced deactivation rates during the alkylation process, thereby increasing the life of the catalysts.

Abstract: A system and method is provided for producing a safely disposable end product from waste matter containing undesirable materials, such as infectious, biohazardous, hazardous, or radioactive elements. The method comprises the steps of providing a highly basic solvent, immersing the waste matter containing the undesirable materials within the highly basic solvent, and heating the solvent. The waste matter containing the undesirable materials is allowed to remain within the solvent until digested, thereby forming a solution void of any infectious or biohazardous elements and/or containing a decreased concentration of radioisotope.

Abstract: Occlusive dressing system, which comprises an endless, elongated, flexible, adhesive barrier, adapted to be arranged in a closed configuration, whereby to bound and define a surface area, and an impermeable sealing film adapted to overlie said surface area and to isolate it from the environment, when superimposed to said barrier arranged in said configuration, said barrier forming a gas-tight seal with said sealing film when the two are applied to and pressed against one another. A spreading mechanism that alows a single person to spread the sealing film over the occluding barrier and to detach the film from the main roll and ports (inlet and outlet) that can be placed across the barrier or the occluding film.

Abstract: To provide an adhesive dressing that allows a wearer to determine growth of bacteria, if any, as early as possible when the adhesive dressing is staying on the skin of the wearer for wound healing. The adhesive dressing includes a see-through backing made of a silicone material and four circular keepers provided on one surface of the backing. The keepers are impregnated with chemical compositions that change in color to the extent that the color change is visible to the naked eye when bacteria in a wound grow. The conditions to trigger the color change varies from composition to composition. An adhesive is applied along the periphery of the backing. When bacteria grow in the wound, the change in color of the chemical compositions impregnated in the keepers can be visually checked through the backing. This contributes to prompt and early treatment of infected wounds.

Abstract: In a production process for a water-absorbent resin, comprising the steps of: blending a liquid material and a water-absorbent resin; and heating the resultant mixture in order to produce a modified water-absorbent resin, the present invention is to provide: a method for uniformly and efficiently treating a water-absorbent resin favorably in view of industry, and as a result, a good-balanced water-absorbent resin having various excellent properties, such absorption capacity without a load, absorption capacity under a load, and single-layer absorption capacity under a load in contact with an aqueous liquid. The production process comprises the step of spray-blending a water-absorbent resin (A) and a liquid material (B) with a blending apparatus equipped with a spray nozzle (C), wherein the liquid material (B) is sprayed from the spray nozzle (C) and its spray pattern is a circular and hollow cone shape or a double-convex-lens and elliptic cone shape.

Abstract: This invention relates to an isolated nucleic acid fragment encoding an Mlo homolog. The invention also relates to the construction of a chimeric gene encoding all or a portion of the Mlo homolog, in sense or antisense orientation, wherein expression of the chimeric gene results in production of altered levels of the Mlo homolog in a transformed host cell.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing unsaturated fatty acids and to a process for preparing triglycerides with an increased content of unsaturated fatty acids. The invention further relates to the use of DNA sequences coding for ?6-acetylenase/?6-desaturases or ?6-desaturases for producing a transgenic organism, preferably a transgenic plant or a transgenic microorganism with increased content of fatty acids, oils or lipids with ?6 triple bonds and/or ?6 double bonds. The invention additionally relates to an isolated nucleic acid sequence; to an expression cassette comprising a nucleic acid sequence, a vector and organisms comprising at least one nucleic acid sequence or expression cassette. The invention additionally relates to unsaturated fatty acids and triglycerides with an increased content of unsaturated fatty acids and the use thereof.

Abstract: Dwarf7 (dwf7) mutants and polypeptides, as well as methods of using the same, are disclosed. The dwf7 polynucleotides can be used in the production of transgenic plants which display at least one dwf7 phenotype, so that the resulting plants have altered structure or morphology.

Abstract: According to the invention, there is provided a novel soybean variety, designated XB16Q04. This invention thus relates to the seeds of soybean variety XB16Q04, to the plants of soybean XB16Q04, to plant parts of soybean variety XB16Q04 and to methods for producing a soybean plant produced by crossing soybean variety XB16Q04 with another soybean plant, using XB16Q04 as either the male or the female parent. This invention also relates to methods for introgressing a transgenic or mutant trait into soybean variety XB16Q04 and to the soybean plants and plant parts produced by those methods. This invention also relates to soybean varieties or breeding varieties and plant parts derived from soybean variety XB16Q04, to methods for producing other soybean varieties or plant parts derived from soybean variety XB16Q04 and to the soybean plants, varieties, and their parts derived from use of those methods.

Abstract: A novel soybean cultivar, designated 915034, is disclosed. The invention relates to the seeds of soybean cultivar 915034, to the plants of soybean 915034 and to methods for producing a soybean plant produced by crossing the cultivar 915034 with itself or another soybean variety. The invention further relates to hybrid soybean seeds and plants produced by crossing the cultivar 915034 with another soybean cultivar.

Abstract: A novel soybean cultivar, designated 02912951, is disclosed. The invention relates to the seeds of soybean cultivar 02912951, to the plants of soybean 02912951 and to methods for producing a soybean plant produced by crossing the cultivar 02912951 with itself or another soybean variety. The invention further relates to hybrid soybean seeds and plants produced by crossing the cultivar 02912951 with another soybean cultivar.

Abstract: A novel soybean cultivar, designated 02022323, is disclosed. The invention relates to the seeds of soybean cultivar 02022323, to the plants of soybean 02022323 and to methods for producing a soybean plant produced by crossing the cultivar 02022323 with itself or another soybean variety. The invention further relates to hybrid soybean seeds and plants produced by crossing the cultivar 02022323 with another soybean cultivar.

Abstract: A novel soybean cultivar, designated 02022433, is disclosed. The elates to the seeds of soybean cultivar 02022433, to the plants of soybean and to methods for producing a soybean plant produced by crossing the 02022433 with itself or another soybean variety. The invention further relates to hybrid soybean seeds and plants produced by crossing the cultivar 02022433 with another soybean cultivar.

Abstract: A novel soybean cultivar, designated 03022253, is disclosed. The invention relates to the seeds of soybean cultivar 03022253, to the plants of soybean 03022253 and to methods for producing a soybean plant produced by crossing the cultivar 03022253 with itself or another soybean variety. The invention further relates to hybrid soybean seeds and plants produced by crossing the cultivar 03022253 with another soybean cultivar.

Abstract: A soybean cultivar, designated 1000109, is disclosed. The invention relates to the seeds of soybean cultivar 1000109, to the plants of soybean 1000109 and to methods for producing a soybean plant produced by crossing the cultivar 1000109 with itself or another soybean variety. The invention further relates to hybrid soybean seeds and plants produced by crossing the cultivar 1000109 with another soybean cultivar.

Abstract: A novel soybean cultivar, designated S030136, is disclosed. The invention relates to the seeds of soybean cultivar S030136, to the plants of soybean S030136 and to methods for producing a soybean plant produced by crossing the cultivar S030136 with itself or another soybean variety. The invention further relates to hybrid soybean seeds and plants produced by crossing the cultivar S030136 with another soybean cultivar.

Abstract: A soybean cultivar designated 4N2V55022 is disclosed. The invention relates to the seeds of soybean cultivar 4N2V55022, to the plants of soybean 4N2V55022, to plant parts of soybean cultivar 4N2V55022 and to methods for producing a soybean plant produced by crossing soybean cultivar 4N2V55022 with itself or with another soybean variety. The invention also relates to methods for producing a soybean plant containing in its genetic material one or more transgenes and to the transgenic soybean plants and plant parts produced by those methods. This invention also relates to soybean cultivars or breeding cultivars and plant parts derived from soybean variety 4N2V55022, to methods for producing other soybean cultivars, lines or plant parts derived from soybean cultivar 4N2V55022 and to the soybean plants, varieties, and their parts derived from use of those methods. The invention further relates to hybrid soybean seeds, plants and plant parts produced by crossing the cultivar 4N2V55022 with another soybean cultivar.

Abstract: According to the invention, there is provided a novel soybean variety designated XB21Z06. This invention thus relates to the seeds of soybean variety XB21Z06, to the plants of soybean XB21Z06 to plant parts of soybean variety XB21Z06 and to methods for producing a soybean plant produced by crossing plants of the soybean variety XB21Z06 with another soybean plant, using XB21Z06 as either the male or the female parent.